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10
SCIENCE
QUARTER 2
Week 1

Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment

Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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SUBJECT & Science

QUARTER 2 WEEK 1 DAY _________________________________

GRADE/LEVEL 10 dd/mm/yyyy
TOPIC The Electromagnetic Wave
1. Describe the properties of electromagnetic wave and how they are
LEARNING generated, propagated and detected in space.
COMPETENCY 2. Compare the regions in the electromagnetic spectrum in term of
wavelength, frequency and energy. (S10FE-IIa-b-47)
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on a separate
sheet. Do not forget to answer all the Self-Assessment Question (SAQs).

UNDERSTAND
Electromagnetic Waves

You are bounded by thousands of waves at this very

moment. Waves seal every cubic centimetre of the space
around you. They strike with or pass through your body all the
time.
Most of these waves are invisible, but you can see and feel
many of them. The light that our eyes can see is part of these
waves and heat can result from them.

An electromagnetic wave is a wave that can transmit its energy through a vacuum
(i.e., empty space). Electromagnetic waves are formed by the vibration of charged
particles. Electromagnetic waves are also called EM waves. Every time you use your
eyes to see or feel the warmth of the sun on your skin, you are detecting their presence.
These waves also allow TVs, radios, and cell phones to send or receive information over
long distances. These waves have the properties shared by all EM waves.

SAQ-1: What makes an EM wave?

Properties of Electromagnetic Waves

There are many properties that researchers use to describe EM waves. They
contain amplitude, frequency, period, wavelength, speed, and energy.

In this representation you can

see that the crest is the highest point
on the wave and trough is the
lowest point. The line through the
center of the wave is the inactive
position of the medium if there was
no wave passing through.

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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Amplitude
The amplitude of a wave is a measure of the movement of the wave from its rest
position. The amplitude is shown below.
Amplitude is commonly calculated by
looking on a graph of a wave and
measuring the height of the wave from the
resting position.
The amplitude is a degree of the
strength or intensity of the wave. The
amplitude is the maximum field strength of
the electric and magnetic fields in
electromagnetic waves. The EM wave
energy is determined by the wave
amplitude.

SAQ-2: What happens to the energy of electromagnetic waves if the measure of the
strength of the wave is greater?

Wavelength
The distance between two corresponding points on back-to-back cycles of a
wave is called wavelength. This can be determined between two crests of a wave or
two troughs of a wave. The Greek letter lambda (λ) is used to represent wavelength.

Frequency and Period

The number of times per second in a wave cycle refers to the frequency of a
wave and the time between wave crests is period. The frequency is measured in Hertz
or cycles per second while period is measured in time units such as seconds.
Electromagnetic waves vary in wavelength and frequency. Electromagnetic
.
waves with longer wavelength have lower frequencies, and shorter wavelength waves
have higher frequencies.

SAQ-3: Is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves inversely or directly related to

frequency?

Speed or Velocity of a Wave

All EM waves travel at the same speed through empty space. That speed, called
the speed of light, is about 300 million meters per second (3.0 x 108 m/s).
Since the speed of all EM waves is the same, as the wavelength decreases, the
frequency increases. EM waves with the longest wavelengths have the lowest
frequencies.

Energy
The different types of electromagnetic waves are defined by the amount of energy
carried by the photons. Photons are bundles of wave energy. The energy of EM waves
depends on their frequency. Low-frequency EM waves have little energy and are
normally harmless. High-frequency EM waves have a lot of energy and are potentially
very harmful.

SAQ-4: What do EM waves have in common?

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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Electromagnetic Waves: Generated, Propagated and Detected in Space

Charged Magnetic
Electromagnetic waves occur when
particles poles
electrically charged atomic particles move.
A charged particle produces an electric
field. This electric field exerts a force on
other charged particles. Positive charges
accelerate in the way of the field and
negative charges accelerate in a way
opposite to the direction of the field.
A moving charged particle produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field exerts a
force on other moving charges. The force on charges is always perpendicular
to the direction of their velocity and therefore only changes the direction of the velocity
not the speed.
Accelerating charges produce changing electric and magnetic fields. Changing
electric fields yield magnetic fields and changing magnetic fields produce electric fields.
This interaction between induced electric and magnetic fields leads to propagating
electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves can propagate through free space.
SAQ-5: How are EM waves made?
SAQ-6: How are EM waves propagated?

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum is the name for the range of electromagnetic waves
when they are placed according to frequency, wavelength, and energy. As shown in the
figure below, the EM spectrum is a gradual progression from the regions of shorter
wavelength (highest frequency) to the regions of longest wavelength (lowest frequency).
Remember that the energy of electromagnetic waves depends on their frequency. EM
waves with low frequency have little energy and are normally harmless. EM waves with
high frequency have a lot of energy and are potentially very harmful.

Shorter wavelength Violet -I-B-G-Y-O- Red Longer wavelength

Higher frequency Lower frequency
Higher energy Lower energy

Comparison of wavelength, frequency and energy for the electromagnetic spectrum.

(Credit: NASA's Imagine the Universe)

From the longest to shortest wavelengths, the regions of EM spectrum include radio
waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X - rays, and gamma rays.
From among the EM waves, the gamma rays have photons of high energies while
radio waves have photons with the lowest energies and longer wavelength.

SAQ-7: How do the regions in the EM spectrum vary in terms of wavelength,

frequency, and energy?

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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Let’s Practice! (Write your answer on the separate Learner’s

Activity and Assessment sheets provided)
A. GRAPHIC ORGANIZER
Directions: Using the pool of words below, complete the graphic organizer about the
electromagnetic wave.
electric field empty space speed of light wavelength
frequency propagated period amplitude
magnetic field generated energy detected
speed spectrum wave crest

Electromagnetic Wave

B. CIRCLE ME!
Directions: Read and analyze the three questions below. Circle the correct answer from
the given options in each of the following items.
A. 1. Which Electromagnetic wave spectrum has HIGHEST energy level?
a. Microwave Infrared Visible light
b. Gamma Ray Radio wave Microwave
c. Ultraviolet Visible light Radio wave
d. X-ray Visible light Microwave
e. Orange Yellow Red
2. Which Electromagnetic wave spectrum has the LONGER wavelength?
a. Gamma ray or Visible light
b. Ultraviolet or Microwave
c. X-ray or Radio wave
d. Infrared or Microwave
e. Red or Violet
B. 3. Which Electromagnetic wave has the LOWER energy frequency?
a. Red or Violet
b. Gamma ray or Visible light
c. Radio wave or X-ray
d. Violet or Ultraviolet
e. Red or Infrared

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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C. CUT AND PASTE ME!

Directions: CUT and correctly PASTE the regions of EM spectrum on the empty boxes
following the given trends of frequency, wavelength, and energy.

Visible Light

Radio wave Microwave Infrared

Ultraviolet X-ray Gamma ray

A. B. C.

Visible Light

Gamma
Gamma ray
Ray

X-ray X-ray

Infrared

D. E. F.

Microwave

Visible Light

Microwave

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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CUT ME OUT!
Directions: The students may use this page to cut out example pictures of the regions of
electromagnetic spectrum. Follow the given trends of frequency, wavelength, and energy
in page 5.

Radio wave Radio wave Radio wave Radio wave

Microwave Microwave Microwave Microwave

Infrared Infrared Infrared Infrared

Visible Light Visible Light Visible Light Visible Light

Ultraviolet Ultraviolet Ultraviolet Ultraviolet

X-ray X-ray X-ray X-ray

Gamma ray Gamma ray Gamma ray Gamma ray

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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REMEMBER
Key Points

 Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of

vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. In other words, EM
waves are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields. They are also
perpendicular to the direction of the EM wave.
 The properties of EM waves are speed, wavelength, frequency, period, amplitude,
and energy.
 EM waves can travel across space at the speed of light, which is about 300 million
meters per second (3.0 x 108 m/s) without any medium—that is, in a vacuum or
empty space— and does not lose energy as it moves.
 Wavelength is the distance between corresponding electromagnetic waves varies in
wavelength and frequency. Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower
frequencies, and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies. Higher
frequency waves have more energy.
 The energy of electromagnetic waves depends on their frequency. Low-frequency
waves have little energy and are normally harmless. High-frequency waves have a lot
of energy and are potentially very harmful.
 Accelerating charges produce changing electric and magnetic fields. Changing
electric fields produce magnetic fields and changing magnetic fields produce electric
fields. This interaction between generated electric and magnetic fields leads to
propagating electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves can propagate through
free space.
 The electromagnetic spectrum is the name for the range of electromagnetic waves
when they are placed according to frequency, wavelength and energy.
 EM spectrum is a gradual progression from the waves of shorter wavelength (highest
frequency) to the waves of longest wavelength (lowest frequency).
 Electromagnetic spectrum includes from the longest wavelength to the shortest
wavelength: radio wave, microwave, infrared wave, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray
and gamma ray.

TRY
Let’s see how much you have learned today!
Direction: Circle the letter of the correct answer on the separate Learner’s Activity and
Assessment sheets.
1. What property of EM waves represent 7. Which of the following statements is
the number of times per second that the NOT true about electromagnetic wave?
wave cycles?
a. Period c. Wavelength a. The higher the frequency, the higher
a. b. Frequency d. Amplitude the energy and the shorter the
wavelength.
2. Which of the following statements about b. Gamma ray has the most
the properties of EM waves is NOT true? penetrating energy in the given
a. All electromagnetic waves travel at the range of electromagnetic wave and
same speed through empty space. the shortest wavelength.
b. The properties of EM waves are speed, c. Visible light has longer wavelength
wavelength, frequency, period, than ultraviolet.
amplitude, and energy. d. Radio wave, has longer wavelength
c. The energy of electromagnetic waves and higher energy but lower
depends on their frequency. frequency.
d. Low-frequency EM waves have greater
energy and are normally harmful.

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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Consider the table below to answer

Refer to the diagram below to answer question numbers 8 and 9.
question number 3.
EM Speed Wavelength Frequency
Wave (m/s) (m) (Hz)

EM 1 3.0 x 108 1.0 x 10 -3 3.0 x 10 11

3. Which of the given intervals represent EM 2 3.0 x 108 1.0 x 10 -7 3.0 x 10 15

one full wavelength?
a. A to C b. B to D EM 3 3.0 x 108 1.0 x 10 -8 3.0 x 10 16
c. A to G d. C to G
EM 4 3.0 x 108 1.0 x 10 -11 3.0 x 10 19

Consider the diagram below to answer 8. Based on the table above, which
question number 4. electromagnetic wave can you infer that
might cause more damage if not properly
handled?
a. EM 1 due to its increasing
frequency.
The amplitude is the distance from rest to b. EM 2 due to its regulated values of
crest or from rest to trough. wavelength and frequency.
c. EM 3 due to its shorten wavelength.
4. What letter in the diagram above d. EM 4 due to its increased frequency.
represents the amplitude of the wave?
a. a. B b. C c. D d. E 9. Which of the given statement does
NOT correctly described the speed,
5. Which of the given options about how wavelength and frequency of EM waves
EM waves are generated, propagated and based from the given table above?
detected in space is / are TRUE? a. All electromagnetic waves travel at
a. The interaction between generated the same speed.
electric and magnetic fields leads to b. Since the speed of all
propagating electromagnetic waves. electromagnetic waves is the same,
b. The direction of the propagation of as the wavelength decreases, the
such waves is perpendicular to the frequency increases.
direction of the force of either of c. EM waves with the longest
electric and magnetic fields. wavelengths have the lowest
c. Only A frequencies.
d. Both A and B d. EM waves with the shortest
wavelengths have the lowest
6. Which of the following set of frequencies.
electromagnetic spectrum is arranged from
the shortest to the longest wavelength? 10. Which of the given options is TRUE
a. Infrared waves  Microwaves  about the comparison of X-rays and
Visible light  Radio waves visible light in terms of frequencies and
b. Gamma rays  Ultraviolet  Infrared wavelengths?
waves  Radio waves a. Visible light has lower frequencies
c. Radio waves  Visible light  X-rays and longer wavelengths than X-rays.
 Gamma rays b. Visible light has higher frequencies
d. Ultraviolet  Microwaves  Radio and shorter wavelengths than X-
waves  Gamma rays rays.
c. Visible light has lower frequencies
and shorter wavelengths than X-
rays.
d. Visible light has higher frequencies
and longer wavelengths than X-rays.

MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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Acosta, Herma D, Liza A Alvarez, Dave G. Angeles, Ruby D.

Arre, Ma. Pilar P Carmona, Aurelia S Garca, Arlen
Gatpo, et al. Science Learner's Material. Pasig City:
REX Bookstore, Inc., 2015, pp. 142-167
Espinosa, Allen, et al. Discover Science 10. Legaspi Village,
1229 Makati City, Philippines, DIWA LEARNING
SYSTEMS INC, 2015, pp. 77–80.
Frank, David V. Ph.D, et al. Science Explorer FOCUS ON
PHYSICAL SCIENCE. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
07458, Prentice Hall Inc, 2001, pp. 200–205, 258–260.
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1229 Makati City, Philippines, DIWA LEARNING
SYSTEMS INC, 2018, pp. 61–67.

Hewitt, Paul G. Conceptual Physics. Third Edition ed., United

States of America, Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company,Inc., 1997, pp. 373-378,408,589-591.

REFERENCES “Electromagnetic waves have unique traits.”

https://www.effinghamschools.com/cms/lib4/GA0100031
4/Centricity/Domain/702/553-557.pdf

“Electromagnetic Wave Propagation - Java Tutorial | Olympus

Life Science.” Www.Olympus-Lifescience.Com,
www.olympus-lifescience.com/en/microscope-
resource/primer/java/polarizedlight/emwave/. Accessed
3 Aug. 2020.

Elert, Glenn. “Glenn Elert.” The Physics Hypertextbook,

physics.info, 2020, physics.info/em-waves/.

Imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov. 2020. Electromagnetic Spectrum -

Introduction. [online] Available at:
<https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/emspect
rum1.html> [Accessed 21 June 2020].

“Propagation of an Electromagnetic Waves.”

Physicsclassroom.Com, 2019,
www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/waves/em.cfm.

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MARIVIC E. DELOS SANTOS, MT-I ERIKA J. ESPINA, T-II

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