DR. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW 2024-2025 zee ENGINEERING { EXPRESS Evaluation Scheme & Syllabus For B.Tech. 3" Year Computer Science and Engineering Join us and subscribe our Channel ENGINEERING EXPRESSEngineering Express 3 BCS501 Database Management System Unit Topic Introduction: Overview, Database System vs File System, Database System Concept and Architecture, Data Model Schema and Instances, Data Independence and Database Language and Interfaces, Data Definitions Language, DML, Overall Database Structure. Data Modeling Using the Entity Relationship Model: ER Model Concepts, Notation for ER Diagram, Mapping Constraints, Keys, Concepts of Super Key, Candidate Key, Primary Key, Generalization, Aggregation, Reduction of an ER Diagrams to Tables, Extended ER Model, Relationship of Higher Degree. Relational data Model and Language: Relational Data Model Concepts, Integrity Constraints, Entity Integrity, Referential Integrity, Keys Constraints, Domain Constraints, Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, Tuple and Domain Calculus. Introduction on SQL: Characteristics of SQL, Advantage of SQL. SQI Data Type and Literals, Types of SQL Commands. SQL Operators and Their Procedure. Tables, Views and Indexes. Queries and Sub Queries. Aggregate Functions Insert, Update and Delete Operations, Joins, Unions, Intersection, Minus, Cursors, Triggers, Procedures in SQL/PL SQL. 1 Data Base Design & Normalization: Functional dependencies, normal forms, first, second, 8 third normal forms, BCNF, inclusion dependence, loss less join decompositions, normalization using FD, MVD, and JDs, alternative approaches to database design Vv ‘Transaction Processing Concept: Transaction System, Testing of Serializability, Serializability of Schedules, Conflict & View Serializable Schedule, Recoverability, Recovery from Transaction Failures, Log Based Recovery, Checkpoints, Deadlock Handling. Distributed Database: Distributed Data Storage, Concurrency Control, Directory System. v Concurrency Control Techniques: Concurrency Control, Locking Techniques for Concurrency Control, Time Stamping Protocols for Concurrency Control, Validation Based Protocol, Multiple Granularity, Multi Version Schemes, Recovery with Concurrent Transaction, Case Study of Oracle.Engineering Express BCS502 Web Technology Unit Topic [Introduction Introduction and Web Development Strategies, History of Web and Internet, [Protocols Governing Web, Writing Web Projects, Connecting to Internet, Introduction T__|Internet services and tools, Introduction to client-server computing, Web Page Designing: HTML: List, Table, Images, Frames, forms, XML: Document typ \definition (DTD), XML schemes, Object Models, presenting and using XML, Using XML [Processors: DOM and SAX. (CSS: Creating Style Sheet, CSS Properties, CSS Styling (Background, Text Format TL |Controlling Fonts), Working with block elements and objects, Working with Lists and Tables (CSS Id and Class, Box Model (Introduction, Border properties, Padding Properties, Margin, properties) CSS Advanced (Grouping, Dimension, Display, Positioning, Floating, Align, Pseudo class, INavigation Bar, Image Sprites, Attribute sector), CSS Color, Creating page Layout and Site Designs. ‘Scripting: Java script: Introduction, documents, forms, statements, functions, objects, IIL introduction to AJAX. [Networking: Internet Addressing, InetAddress, Factory Methods, Instance Methods, TCP/IP) (Client Sockets, URL, URL Connection, TCP/IP Server Sockets, Datagram, [Enterprise Java Bean: Creating a JavaBeans, JavaBeans Properties, Types of beans, Statefull IV [Session bean, Stateless Session bean, Entity bean. INode.js: Introduction, Environment Setup, REPL Terminal, NPM (Node Package Manager) (Callbacks Concept, Events, Packaging, Express Framework, Restful API. 'Node.js with MongoDB: MongoDB Create Database, Create Collection, Insert, delete, lupdate, join, sort, query. Servlets: Servlet Overview and Architecture, Interface Servlet and the Servlet Life Cycle V_ [Handling HTTP get Requests, Handling HTTP post Requests, Redirecting Requests to Othe [Resources, Session Tracking, Cookies, Session Tracking with Http Session java Server Pages (JSP): Introduction, Java Server Pages Overview, A First Java Server Page Example, Implicit Objects, Scripting, Standard Actions, Directives, Custom Tag LibrariesEngineering Express 3 BCS503 Design and Analysis of Algorithm Unit Topic Introduction: Algorithms, Analyzing Algorithms, Complexity of Algorithms, Growth of Functions, Performance Measurements, Sorting and Order Statistics - Shell Sort, Quick Sort, Merge Sort, Heap Sort, Comparison of Sorting Algorithms, Sorting in Linear Time. ‘Advanced Data Structures: Red-Black Trees, B — Trees, Binomial Heaps, Fibonacei Heaps, Tries, Skip List Divide and Conquer with Examples Such as Sorting, Matrix Multiplication, Convex Hull and Searching. Greedy Methods with Examples Such as Optimal Reliability Allocation, Knapsack, Minimum Spanning Trees ~ Prim’s and Kruskal’s Algorithms, Single Source Shortest Paths - Dijkstra’s and Bellman Ford Algorithms. Iv Dynamic Programming with Examples Such as Knapsack. All Pair Shortest Paths — Warshal’s and Floyd’s Algorithms, Resource Allocation Problem. Backtracking, Branch and Bound with Examples Such as Travelling Salesman Problem, Graph Coloring, n-Queen Problem, Hamiltonian Cycles and Sum of Subsets, v Selected Topics: Algebraic Computation, Fast Fourier Transform, String Matching, Theory of NP- Completeness, Approximation Algorithms and Randomized AlgorithmsEngineering Express Gs BCS051 Statistical Computing Unit Topic Descriptive Statistics: Diagrammatic representation of data, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion, measures of skewness and kurtosis, correlation, inference procedure for correlation coefficient, bivariate correlation, multiple correlations, linear regression and its inference procedure, multiple regression, Probability: Measures of probability, conditional probability, independent event, Bayes’ theorem, random variable, diserete and continuous probability distributions, expectation and variance, markov inequality, chebyshev’s inequality, central limit theorem. u Inferential Statistics: Sampling & Confidence Interval, Inference & Significance. Estimation and Hypothesis Testing, Goodness of fit, Test of Independence, Permutations and Randomization Test, t= test/z-test (one sample, independent, paired), ANOVA, chi-square Linear Methods for Regression Analysis: multiple regression analysis, orthogonalization by Householder transformations (QR); singular value decomposition (SVD); linear dimension reduction using principal component analysis (PCA) m1 Pseudo-Random Numbers: Random number generation, Inverse-transform, acceptance-rejection, transformations, multivariate probability calculations. Monte Carlo Integration: Simulation and Monte Carlo integration, variance reduction, Monte Carlo hypothesis testing, antithetic variables/control variates, importance sampling, stratified sampling Markov chain Monte Carlo (MeMC): Markov chains; Metropolis-Hastings algorithm; Gibbs sampling; convergence Resampling Methods: Cross-validation, Bootstrapping, Jackknife resampling, percentile confidence intervals, permutation tests Density Estimation: Univariate density estimation, kernel smoothing, multivariate density estimation Numerical Methods: Root finding; more on numerical _ integration; numerical maximization/minimization; constrained and unconstrained optimization; EM (Expectation- Maximization) algorithm; simplex algorithm Introduction to R programming: History of R programming, starting and ending R, R as a scientific calculator , handling package, workspace, inspecting variables, operators and expressions inR, data objects and types, vectors, matrices and arrays, lists and data frames, built-in and user-defined functions strings and factors, flow control and loops, advanced looping, date and times Using R for statistical analysis: Importing data files, exporting data, outputting results, exporting graphs, graphics in R, interactively adding information of plot, performing data analysis tasks. R commands for descriptive statistics, data aggregation, representation of multivariate data, code factorization and optimization, statistical libraries in R.EZ Engineering Express BCS052 Data Analytics Unit Topic Introduction to Data Analytics: Sources and nature of data, classification of data (structured, semi-structured, unstructured), characteristics of data, introduction to Big Data platform, need of data analytics, evolution of analytic scalability, analytic process and tools, analysis vs reporting, modem data analytic tools, applications of data analytics, Data Analytics Lifecycle: Need, key roles for successful analytic projects, various phases of data analytics lifecycle — discovery, data preparation, model planning, model building, communicating results, operationalization. Data Analysis: Regression modeling, multivariate analysis, Bayesian modeling, inference and Bayesian networks, support vector and kernel methods, analysis of time series: linear systems analysis & nonlinear dynamics, rule induction, neural networks: leaming and generalisation, competitive learning, principal component analysis and neural networks, fuzzy logic: extracting fuzzy models from data, fuzzy decision trees, stochastic search methods. Mining Data Streams: Introduction to streams concepts, stream data model and architecture, stream computing, sampling data in a stream, filtering streams, counting distinet elements in a stream, estimating moments, counting oneness in a window, decaying window, Real-time Analytics Platform ( RTAP) applications, Case studies — real time sentiment analysis, stock market predictions Vv Frequent Itemsets and Clustering: Mining frequent itemsets, market based modelling, Apriori algorithm, handling large data sets in main memory, limited pass algorithm, counting frequent itemsets in a stream, clustering techniques: hierarchical, K-means, clustering high dimensional data, CLIQUE and ProCLUS, frequent pattem based clustering methods, clustering in non- euclidean space, clustering for streams and parallelism, Frame Works and Visualization: MapReduce, Hadoop, Pig, Hive, HBase, MapR, Sharding, NoSQL Databases, $3, Hadoop Distributed File Systems, Visualization: visual data analysis techniques, interaction techniques, systems and applications, Introduction to R - R graphical user interfaces, data import and export, attribute and data types, descriptive statistics, exploratory data analysis, visualization before analysis, analytics for unstructured data.Engineering Express BCS053 Computer Graphics Unit Topic Introduction and Line Generation: Types of computer graphics, Graphic Displays- Random sean displays, Raster scan displays, Frame buffer and video controller, Points and lines, Line drawing algorithms, Circle generating algorithms, Mid-point circle generating algorithm, and parallel version of these algorithms, Transformations: Basie transformation, Matrix representations and homogenous coordinates, Composite transformations, Reflections and shearing. Windowing and Clipping: Viewing pipeline, Viewing transformations, 2-D Clipping algorithms- Line clipping algorithms such as Cohen Sutherland line clipping algorithm, Liang Barsky algorithm, Line clipping against non rectangular clip windows; Polygon clipping — Sutherland Hodgeman polygon clipping, Weiler and Atherton polygon clipping, Curve clipping, Text clipping Three Dimensional: 3-D Geometric Primitives, 3-D Object representation, 3-D Transformation, 3- D viewing, projections, 3-D Clipping. TV _| Curves and Surfaces: Quadric surfaces, Spheres, Ellipsoid, Blobby objects, Introductory concepts of Spline, Bspline and Bezier curves and surfaces. Hidden Lines and Surfaces: Back Face Detection algorithm, Depth buffer method, A- buffer Vv method, Scan line method, basic illumination models~ Ambient light, Diffuse reflection, Specular reflection and Phong model, Combined approach, Warm model, Intensity Attenuation, Color consideration, Transparency and Shadows.Engineering Express 3 BCS054 Object Oriented System Design with C++ Unit! Topic Introduction: The meaning of Object Orientation, object identity, Encapsulation, information hiding, polymorphism, generosity, importance of modelling, principles of modelling, object oriented modelling, Introduction to UML, conceptual model of the UML, Architecture 0 Basic Structural Modeling: Classes, Relationships, common Mechanisms, and diagrams. Class & Object Diagrams: Terms, concepts, modelling techniques for Class & Object Diagrams. Collaboration Diagrams: Terms, Concepts, depicting a message, polymorphism in collaboration Diagrams, iterated messages, use of self in messages. Sequence Diagrams: Terms, concepts, depicting asynchronous messages with/without priority, call-back mechanism, broadcast messages. Basic Behavioural Modeling: Use cases, Use case Diagrams, Activity Diagrams, State Machine , Process and thread, Event and signals, Time diagram, interaction diagram, Package diagram, Architectural Modeling: Component, Deployment, Component diagrams and Deployment diagrams, Object Oriented Analysis: Object oriented design, Object design, Combining three models, Designing algorithms, design optimization, Implementation of control, Adjustment of inheritance, Object representation, Physical packaging, Documenting design considerations. Structured analysis and structured design (SA/SD), Jackson Structured Development GSD).Mapping object oriented concepts using non-object oriented language, Translating classes into data structures, Passing arguments to methods, Implementing inheritance, associations encapsulation. Object oriented programming style: reusability, extensibility, robustness, programming in the large. Procedural v/s OOP, Object oriented language features, Abstraction and Encapsulation, IV CH Basics : Overview, Program structure, namespace, identifiers, variables, constants, enum, operators, typecasting, control structures C++ Functions : Simple functions, Call and Return by reference, Inline funetions, Macro Vs. Inline functions, Overloading of functions, default arguments, friend functions, virtual functions ‘Objects and Classes : Basics of object and class in C+¥, Private and public members, static data and function members, constructors and their types, destructors, operator overloading, type conversion. Inheritance : Concept of Inheritance, types of inheritance: single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, hybrid, protected members, overriding, virtual base class Polymorphism : Pointers in C++, Pointes and Objects, this pointer, virtual and pure virtual functions, Implementing polymorphismEngineering Express BCS055 Machine Learning Techniques Unit Topic INTRODUCTION — Learning, Types of Learning, Well defined learning problems, Designing a Leaming System, History of ML, Introduction of Machine Learning Approaches ~ (Artificial Neural Network, Clustering, Reinforcement Learning, Decision Tree Learning, Bayesian networks, Support Vector Machine, Genetic Algorithm), Issues in Machine Learning and Data Science Vs Machine Learning: REGRESSION: Linear Regression and Logistic Regression BAYESIAN LEARNING - Bayes theorem, Concept learning, Bayes Optimal Classifier, Naive Bayes classifier, Bayesian belief networks, EM algorithm SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE: Introduction, Types of support vector kernel — (Linear kemel, polynomial kernel,and Gaussiankernel), Hyperplane — (Decision surface), Properties of SVM, and Issues in SVM m1 DECISION TREE LEARNING - Decision tree learning algorithm, Inductive bias, Inductive inference with decision trees, Entropy and information theory, Information gain, ID-3 Algorithm, Issues in Decision tree learning, INSTANCE-BASED LEARNING ~ k-Nearest Neighbour Learning, Locally Weighted Regression, Radial basis function networks, Case-based learning. Vv ‘ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS — Perceptron’s, Multilayer perceptron, Gradient descent and the Delta rule, Multilayer networks, Derivation of Backpropagation Algorithm, Generalization, Unsupervised Learning - SOM Algorithm and its variant; DEEP LEARNING - Introduction,concept of convolutional neural network , Types of layers — (Convolutional Layers , Activation function , pooling , fully connected) , Concept of Convolution (ID and 2D) layers, Training of network, Case study of CNN for eg on Diabetic Retinopathy, Building a smart speaker, Self-deriving car ete. v REINFORCEMENT LEARNING Introduction to Reinforcement Learning , Learning Task,Example of Reinforcement Learning in Practice, Learning Models for Reinforcement (Markov Decision process , Q Learning - Q Leaming function, Q Learning Algorithm ), Application of Reinforcement Learning,Introduction to Deep Q Learning. GENETIC ALGORITHMS: Introduction, Components, GA cycle of reproduction, Crossover, Mutation, Genetic Programming, Models of Evolution and Learning, Applications.BCS056 Application of Soft Computing Engineering Express Unit Topic Neural Networks-I (Introduction & Architecture) : Neuron, Nerve structure and synapse, Artificial Neuron and its model, activation functions, Neural network architecture: single layer and multilayer feed forward networks, recurrent networks. Various learning techniques; perception and convergence rule, Auto-associative and hetro-associative memory. 0 Neural Networks-II (Back propagation networks): Architecture: perceptron model, solution, single layer artificial neural network, multilayer perception model; back propagation learning methods, effect of learning rule co-efficient :back propagation algorithm, factors affecting backpropagation training, applications. m1 Fuzzy Logic-I (Introduction): Basic concepts of fuzzy logic, Fuzzy sets and Crisp sets, Fuzzy set theory and operations, Properties of fuzzy sets, Fuzzy and Crisp relations, Fuzzy to Crisp conversion. Fuzzy Logic —II (Fuzzy Membership, Rules) : Membership functions, interference in fuzzy logic, fuzzy if-then rules, Fuzzy implications and Fuzzy algorithms, Fuzzyfications & Defuzzificataions, Fuzzy Controller, Industrial applications Genetic Algorithm(GA): Basic concepts, working principle, procedures of GA, flow chart of GA, Genetic representations, (encoding) Initialization and selection, Genetic operators, Mutation, Generational Cycle, applicationsEngineering Express BCS057 Image Processing Unit Topic DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS: Steps in Digital Image Processing - Components Elements of Visual Perception — Image Sensing and Acquisition — Image Sampling and ‘Quantization — Relationships between pixels ~ Color image fundamentals — RGB, HSI models, ‘Two-dimensional mathematical preliminaries, 2D transforms ~ DFT, DCT. IMAGE ENHANCEMENT: Spatial Domain: Gray level transformations ~ Histogram processing ~ Basics of Spatial Filtering IL__| Smoothing and Sharpening Spatial Filtering, Frequency Domain: Introduction to Fourier Transform Smoothing and Sharpening frequency domain filters - Ideal, Butterworth and Gaussian filters, Homomorphic filtering, Color image enhancement. IMAGE RESTORATIO! in| Image Restoration ~ degradation model, Properties, Noise models ~ Mean Filters ~ Order Statistics, Adaptive filters ~ Band reject Filters ~ Band pass Filters ~ Notch Filters ~ Optimum Notch Filtering — Inverse Filtering — Wiener filtering IMAGE SEGMENTATION: Edge detection, Edge linking via Hough transform —Thresholding ~ Region based segmentation — IV _| Region growing — Region splitting and merging ~ Morphological processing- erosion and dilation, Segmentation by morphological watersheds ~ basic concepts ~ Dam construction ~ Watershed segmentation algorithm, IMAGE COMPRESSION AND RECOGNITION: Need for data compression, Huffman, Run Length Encoding, Shift codes, Arithmetic coding, JPEG V__ | standard, MPEG. Boundary representation, Boundary description, Fourier Descriptor, Regional Descriptors ~ Topological feature, Texture ~ Patterns and Patter classes ~ Recognition based on matchin,Engineering Express Data Warehousing and Data Mining Topic Data Warehousing: Overview, Definition, Data Warchousing Components, Building a Data Warehouse, Warehouse Database, Mapping the Data Warehouse to a Multiprocessor Architecture, Difference between Database System and Data Warehouse, Multi Dimensional Data Model, Data Cubes, Stars, Snow Flakes, Fact Constellations, Concept 1 Data Warehouse Process and Technology: Warehousing Strategy, Warehouse /management and Support Processes, Warehouse Planning and Implementation, Hardware and Operating Systems for Data Warehousing, Client/Server Computing Model & Data Warehousing. Parallel Processors & Cluster Systems, Distributed DBMS implementations, Warehousing Software, Warehouse Schema Design, m1 Data Mining: Overview, Motivation, Definition & Functionalities, Data Processing, Form of Data Pre-processing, Data Cleaning: Missing Values, Noisy Data, (Binning, Clustering, Regression, Computer and Human inspection), Inconsistent Data, Data Integration and Transformation. Data Reduction:-Data Cube Aggregation, Dimensionality reduction, Data Compression, Numerosity Reduction, Diseretization and Concept hierarchy generation, Decision Tree. Vv Classification: Definition, Data Generalization, Analytical Characterization, Analysis of attribute relevance, Mining Class comparisons, Statistical measures in large Databases, Statistical-Based Algorithms, Distance-Based Algorithms, Decision Tree-Based Algorithms, Clustering: Introduction, Similarity and Distance Measures, Hierarchical and Partitional Algorithms, Hierarchical Clusterin; CURE and Chameleon. Density Based Methods-DBSCAN, OPTICS. Grid Based Methods- STING. CLIQUE. Model Based Method ~Statistical Approach, Association rules: Introduction, Large Item sets, Basic Algorithms, Parallel and Distributed Algorithms, Neural Network approach, Data Visualization and Overall Perspective: Aggregation, Historical information, Query Facility, OLAP function and Tools. OLAP Servers, ROLAP, MOLAP, HOLAP, Data Mining. interface, Security, Backup and Recovery, Tuning Data Warehouse, Testing Data Warehouse. Warehousing applications and Recent Trends: Types of Warehousing Applications, Web Mining, Spatial Mining and Temporal MiningEngineering Express 3 BCS601 Software Engineering Unit Topic Tatroduction: Iniroduction to Software Engineering, Software Components, Software Characteristics, Software Crisis, Software Engineering Processes, Similarity and Differences from Conventional Engineering Processes, Software Quality Attributes. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Models: Water Fall Model, Prototype Model, Spiral Model, Evolutionary Development Models, Iterative Enhancement Models. Software Requirement Specifications (SRS): Requirement Engineering Process: Elicitation, Analysis, Documentation, Review and Management of User Needs, Feasibility Study, Information Modelling, Data Flow Diagrams, Entity Relationship Diagrams, Decision Tables, SRS Document, IEEE Standards for SRS. Sofiware Quality Assurance (SQA): Verification and Validation, SQA Plans, Software Quality Frameworks, ISO 9000 Models, SEI-CMM Model, 1 Software Design: Basic Concept of Sofiware Design, Architectural Design, Low Level Design: Modularization, Design Structure Charts, Pseudo Codes, Flow Charts, Coupling and Cohesion Measures, Design Strategies: Function Oriented Design, Object Oriented Design, Top-Down and Bottom-Up Design, Sofiware Measurement and Metrics: Various Size Oriented Measures: Halestead’s Software Science, Function Point (FP) Based Measures, Cyclomatic Complexity Measures: Control Flow Graphs. Vv Software Testing: Testing Objectives, Unit Testing, Integration Testing, Acceptance Testing, Regression Testing, Testing for Functionality and Testing for Performance, TopDown and Bottom- Up Testing Strategies: Test Drivers and Test Stubs, Structural Testing (White Box Testing), Functional Testing (Black Box Testing), Test Data Suit Preparation, Alpha and Beta Testing of Products. Static Testing Strategies: Formal Technical Reviews (Peer Reviews), Walk Through, Code Inspection, Compliance with Design and Coding Standards. v Software Maintenance and Software Project Management: Sofiware as an Evolutionary Entity, Need for Maintenance, Categories of Maintenance: Preventive, Corrective and Perfective Maintenance, Cost of Maintenance, Software Re- Engineering, Reverse Engineering. Software Configuration Management Activities, Change Control Process, Software Version Control, An Overview of CASE Tools. Estimation of Various Parameters such as Cost, Efforts, Schedule/Duration, Constructive Cost Models (COCOMO), Resource Allocation Models, Software Risk Analysis and ManagementEngineering Express BCS602 Compiler Design Unit Topic Introduction to Compiler: Phases and passes, Bootstrapping, Finite state machines and regular expressions and their applications to lexical analysis, Optimization of DFA-Based Pattern Matchers implementation of lexical analyzers, lexical-analyzer generator, LEX compiler, Formal grammars and their application to syntax analysis, BNF notation, ambiguity, YACC. The syntactic specification of programming languages: Context free grammars, derivation and parse trees, capabilities of CFG Basic Parsing Techniques: Parsers, Shift reduce parsing, operator precedence parsing, top down parsing, predictive parsers Automatic Construction of efficient Parsers: LR parsers, the canonical Collection of LR(0) items, constructing SLR parsing tables, constructing Canonical LR parsing tables, Constructing LALR parsing tables, using ambiguous grammars, an automatic parser generator, implementation of LR parsing tables. IV ‘Syntax-directed Translation: Syntax-directed Translation schemes, Implementation of Syntax- directed Translators, Intermediate code, postfix notation, Parse trees & syntax trees, three address code, quadruple & triples, translation of assignment statements, Boolean expressions, statements that alter the flow of control, postfix translation, translation with a top down parser. More about translation: Array references in arithmetic expressions, procedures call, declarations and case statements, Symbol Tables: Data structure for symbols tables, representing scope information. Run-Time Administration: Implementation of simple stack allocation scheme, storage allocation in block structured language. Error Detection & Recovery: Lexical Phase errors, syntactic phase errors semantic errors. Code Generation: Design Issues, the Target Language. Addresses in the Target Code, Basic Blocks and Flow Graphs, Optimization of Basic Blocks, Code Generator. Code optimization: Machine-Independent Optimizations, Loop optimization, DAG representation of basic blocks, value numbers and algebraic laws, Global Data-Flow analysis.Engineering Express BCS603 Computer Networks Unit Topic Introductory Concepts: Goals and applications of networks, Categories of networks, Organization of the Internet, ISP, Network structure and architecture (layering principles, services, protocols and standards), The OSI reference model, TCP/IP protocol suite, Network devices and ‘components. Physical Layer: Network topology design, Types of connections, Transmission media, Signal transmission and encoding, Network performance and transmission impairments, Switching techniques and multiplexing 1 Link layer: Framing, Error Detection and Correction, Flow control (Elementary Data Link Protocols, Sliding Window protocols). Medium Access Control and Local Area Networks: Channel allocation, Multiple access protocols, LAN standards, Link layer switches & bridges (Ieaming bridge and spanning tree algorithms), ct Network Layer: Point-to-point networks, Logical addressing, Basic internetworking (IP, CIDR, ARP, RARP, DHCP, ICMP), Routing, forwarding and delivery, Static and dynamic routing, Routing algorithms and protocols, Congestion control algorithms, IPv6. Vv Transport Layer: —Process-to-process delivery, Transport layer protocols (UDP and TCP), Multiplexing, Connection management, Flow control and retransmission, Window management, TCP Congestion control, Quality of service. ‘Application Layer: Domain Name System, World Wide Web and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. Electronic mail, File Transfer Protocol, Remote login, Network management, Data compression, Cryptography ~ basic concepts.Engineering Express BCS061 Big Data Unit | Topic Introduction to Big Data: Types of digital data, history of Big Data innovation, introduction to Big Data platform, drivers for Big Data, Big Data architecture and characteristics, 5 Vs of Big I | Data, Big Data technology components, Big Data importance and applications, Big Data features — security, compliance, auditing and protection, Big Data privacy and ethics, Big Data Analytics, Challenges of conventional systems, intelligent data analysis, nature of data, analytic processes and tools, analysis vs reporting, modern data analytic tools. Hadoop: History of Hadoop, Apache Hadoop, the Hadoop Distributed File System, components of Hadoop, data format, analyzing data with Hadoop, scaling out, Hadoop streaming, Hadoop pipes, Hadoop Echo System. Map Reduce: Map Reduce framework and basics, how Map Reduce works, developing a Map Reduce application, unit tests with MR unit, test data and local tests, anatomy of'a Map Reduce job run, failures, job scheduling, shuffle and sort, task execution, Map Reduce types, input formats, output formats, Map Reduce features, Real-world Map Reduce HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System): Design of HDFS, HDFS concepis, benefits and challenges, file sizes, block sizes and block abstraction in HDFS, data replication, how does HDFS store, read, and write files, Java interfaces to HDFS, command line interface, Hadoop file system TIL | interfaces, data flow, data ingest with Flume and Scoop, Hadoop archives, Hadoop VO: compression, serialization, Avro and file-based data structures. Hadoop Environment: Setting up a Hadoop cluster, cluster specification, cluster setup and installation, Hadoop configuration, security in Hadoop, administering Hadoop, HDFS monitoring & maintenance, Hadoop benchmarks, Hadoop in the cloud Hadoop Eco System and YARN: Hadoop ecosystem components, schedulers, fair and eapacity, Hadoop 2.0 New Features - NameNode high availability, HDFS federation, MRv2, YARN, Running MRvI in YARN. NoSQL Databases: Introduction to NoSQL IV | MongoDB: Introduction, data types, creating, updating and deleing documents, querying, introduction to indexing, capped collections Spark: Installing spark, spark applications, jobs, stages and tasks, Resilient Distributed Databases, anatomy ofa Spark job run, Spark on YARN SCALA: Introduction, classes and objects, basic types and operators, built-in control structures, functions and closures, inheritance. Hadoop Eco System Frameworks: Applications on Big Data using Pig, Hive and HBase Pig - Introduction to PIG, Execution Modes of Pig, Comparison of Pig with Databases, Grunt, Pig Latin, User Defined Functions, Data Processing operators Hive - Apache Hive architecture and installation, Hive shell, Hive services, Hive metastore, comparison with traditional databases, HiveQL, tables, querying data and user defined functions, sorting and aggregating, Map Reduce scripts, joins & subqueries. HBase — Hbase concepts, clients, example, Hbase vs RDBMS, advanced usage, schema design, advance indexing, Zookeeper — how it helps in monitoring a cluster, how to build applications with Zookeeper. IBM Big Data strategy, introduction to Infosphere, Biginsights and Big Sheets, introduction to Big SQL. 0Engineering Express 3 BCS062 Augmented & Virtual Reality Unit Topic u VIRTUAL REALITY AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS: The historical development of VR: Scientific landmarks Computer Graphics, Real-time computer graphics, Flight simulation, Virtual environments, Requirements for VR, benefits of Virtual reality. HARDWARE TECHNOLOGIES FOR 3D USER INTERFACES: Visual Displays Auditory Displays, Haptic Displays, Choosing Output Devices for 3D User Interfaces 3D USER INTERFACE INPUT HARDWARE: Input device characteristics, Desktop input devices, Tracking Devices, 3D Mice, Special Purpose Input Devices, Direct Human Input, Home - Brewed Input Devices, Choosing Input Devices for 3D Interfaces, mm SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES: Database - World Space, World Coordinate, World Environment, Objects - Geometry, Position / Orientation, Hierarchy, Bounding Volume, Scripts and other attributes, VR Environment - VR Database, Tessellated Data, LODs, Cullers and Occluders, Lights and Cameras, Scripts, Interaction - Simple, Feedback, Graphical User Interface, Control Panel, 2D Controls, Hardware Controls, Room / Stage / Area Descriptions, World Authoring and Playback, VR toolkits, Available software in the market Vv 3D INTERACTION TECHNIQUES: 3D Manipulation tasks, Manipulation Techniques and Input Devices, Interaction Techniques for 3D Manipulation, Deign Guidelines - 3D Travel Tasks, Travel Techniques, Design Guidelines - Theoretical Foundations of Wayfinding, User Centered Wayfinding Support, Environment Centered Wayfinding Support, Evaluating Wayfinding Aids, Design Guidelines - System Control, Classification, Graphical Menus, Voice Commands, Gestrual Commands, Tools, Mutimodal System Control Techniques, Design Guidelines, Case Study: Mixing System Control Methods, Symbolic Input Tasks, symbolic Input Techniques, Design Guidelines, Beyond Text and Number entry DESIGNING AND DEVELOPING 3D USER INTERFACES: Strategies for Designing and Developing Guidelines and Evaluation VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATIONS: Engineering, Architecture, Education, Medicine, Entertainment, Science, Training. ‘Augmented and Mixed Reality, Taxonomy, technology and features of augmented reality, difference between AR and VR, Challenges with AR, AR systems and functionality, Augmented reality methods, visualization techniques for augmented reality, wireless displays in educational augmented reality applications, mobile projection interfaces, marker-less tracking for augmented reality, enhancing interactivity in AR environments, evaluating AR systems,Engineering Express 3 Blockchain Architecture Design Topic Tntroduction to Blockchain: Digital Money to Distributed Ledgers, Design Primitives: Protocols, Security, Consensus, Permissions, Privacy Blockchain Architecture and Design: Basic erypto primitives: Hash, Signature,) Hashchain to Blockchain, Basic consensus mechanisms 0 Consensus: Requirements for the consensus protocols, Proof of Work (PoW), Scalability aspects of Blockchain consensus protocols Permissioned Blockchains:Design goals, Consensus protocols for Permissioned Blockchains Hyperledger Fabric (A): Decomposing the consensus process , Hyperledger fabric components, Chaincode Design and Implementation Hyperledger Fabric (B): — Beyond Chaincode: fabric SDK and Front End (b) Hyperledger composer tool Vv Use ease 1 : Blockchain in Financial Software and Systems (FSS): (i) Settlements, (ii) KYC, (il) Capital markets, (iv) Insurance Use ease 2: Blockchain in trade/supply chain: (i) Provenance of goods, visibility, trade/supply chain finance, invoice management discounting, etc Use case 3: Blockchain for Government: (i) Digital identity, land records and other kinds of record keeping between government entities, (ii) public distribution system social welfare systems Blockchain Cryptography, Privacy and Security on BlockchainEngineering Express 9 BCS064 Data Compression Unit | Topic ‘Compression Techniques: Loss less compression, Lossy Compression, Measures of performance, Modeling and coding, Mathematical Preliminaries for Lossless compression: A brief introduction to information theory, Models: Physical models, Probability models, Markov models, composite source model, Coding: uniquely decodable codes, Prefix codes. 0 The Huffman coding algorithm: Minimum variance Huffman codes, Adaptive Huffman coding: Update procedure, Encoding procedure, Decoding procedure. Golomb codes, Rice codes, Tunstall codes, Applications of Hoffman coding: Loss less image compression, Text compression, Audio Compression. Coding @ sequence, Generating a binary code, Comparison of Binary and Huffman coding, Applications: Bi-level image compression-The JBIG standard, JBIG2, Image compression. Dictionary Techniques: Introduction, Static Dictionary: Diagram Coding, Adaptive Dictionary. The LZ77 Approach, The LZ78 Approach, Applications: File Compression-UNIX compress, Image Compression: The Graphics Interchange Format (GIF), Compression over Modems: V.42 bits, Predictive Coding: Prediction with Partial match (ppm): The basic algorithm, The ESCAPE, SYMBOL, length of context, The Exclusion Principle, The Burrows-Wheeler Transform: Moveto- front coding, CALIC, JPEG-LS, Multi-resolution Approaches, Facsimile Encoding, Dynamic Markoy Compression. W Distortion criteria, Models, Scalar Ouantization: The Quantization problem, Uniform Quantizer, Adaptive Quantization, Non uniform Quantization. ‘Advantages of Vector Quantization over Scalar Quantization, The Linde-Buzo-Gray Algorithm, Tree structured Vector Quantizers. Structured VectorQuantizers.Engineering Express BOE067 Basics of Data Base Management System Unit Topic Introduction: An overview of database management system, database system vs file system, database system concepts and architecture, views of data — levels of abstraction, data models, schema and instances, data independence, database languages and interfaces, data definition languages, DML, overall database structure, transaction management, storage management, database users and administrator. Data Modeling using the Entity Relationship Model: ER model concepts, notation for ER diagram, mapping constraints, keys, concepts of super key, candidate key, primary key, generalization, aggregation, reduction of an ER diagrams to tables, extended ER model, relationships of higher degree. Relational Database Concepts: Introduction to relational database, relational database structure, relational model terminology ~ domains, attributes, tuples, relations & relationaldatabase schema, integrity constraints, entity integrity, referential integrity, keys constraints, domain constraints, Relational algebra - relational calculus, tuple and domain caiculus, basic operations selection and projection, set-theoretic operations, join operations Data Base Design & Normalization: Functional dependencies, normal forms, first, second, & third normal forms, BCNE, inclusion dependence, loss less join decompositions,normalization using FD, MVD, and JDs, alternative approaches to database design m1 Structured Query Language (SQL): Basics of SQL, DDL, DML, DCL, advantage of SQL, SQL data type and literals, types of SQL commands, SQL operators and theirprocedure, tables — creation & alteration, defining constraints, views and indexes, queries and sub queries, aggregate functions, built-in functions, insert, update and delete operations, joins, unions, intersection, minus, transaction control commands. PL/SQL: Introduction, features, syntax and constructs, SQL within PSL, DML in PL/SQL Cursors, stored procedures, stored function, database triggers, indices Vv Transaction Processing Concepts: Transaction concepts, properties of transaction, testing of serializability, Serializability of schedules, conflict & view serializable schedule, recoverability. recovery from transaction failures, two-phase commit protocol, log based recovery, checkpoints, deadlock handling, Concurrency Control Techniques: Concurrency control, locking techniques for concurrency control, time stamping protocols for concurrency control, validation based protocol, multiple granularity, multi-version schemes, recovery with concurrent transaction. v Database Security — Types of security, system failure, backup & recovery techniques, authorization & authentication, system policies, levels of security ~ physical, OS, network & DBMS, privileges ~ grant & revoke. Recent Trends in Database Management Systems: Centralized and Client-Server Architectures, Distributed Databases, Object-Oriented Database, Spatial & Temporal Databases, Decision Support Systems, Data Analysis, Data Mining & Warehousing, Data Visualization, Mobile Databases, OODB & XML Databases, Multimedia & Web Databases, Spatial and Geographical Databases, Web and Mobile Databases, Active DatabasesEngineering Express BOE068 Software Project Management Unit Topic Project Evaluation and Project Planning : Importance of Sofiware Project Management — Activities - Methodologies — Categorization of Software Projects — Setting objectives - Management Principles - Management Control — Project, portfolio Management ~ Cost-benefit evaluation technology ~ Risk evaluation — Strategic program Management ~ Stepwise Project Planning. Project Life Cycle and Effort Estimation : Software process and Process Models ~ Choice of Process models~ Rapid Application development — Agile methods — Dynamic System Development Method — Extreme Programming~ Managing interactive processes — Basics of Software estimation ~ Effort and Cost estimation techniques — COSMIC Full function points — COCOMO Il — a Parametric Productivity Model. Planning and Risk Management: Objectives of Activity planning ~ Project schedules — Activities - Sequencing and scheduling — U1 | Network Planning models — Formulating Network Model — Forward Pass & Backward Pass techniques ~ Critical path (CRM) method — Risk identification — Assessment — Risk Planning ~Risk Management ~~ PERT technique - Monte Carlo simulation — Resource Allocation — Creation of critical paths ~ Cost schedules. Project Management and Control: IV _| Framework for Management and control — Collection of data ~ Visualizing. progress ~ Cost monitoring ~ Eamed Value Analysis ~ Prioritizing Monitoring ~ Project tracking — Change control = Software Configuration Management — Managing contracts ~ Contract Management, Staffing in Software Projects : Managing people — Organizational behavior ~ Best methods of staff selection ~ Motivation ~ The Oldham — Hackman job characteristic model — Stress — Health and Safety — Ethical and Professional concerns ~ Working in teams ~ Decision making — Organizational structures — Dispersed and Virtual teams ~ Communications genres ~ Communication plans ~ Leadership.