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Biostatistics Assignment

Biostatistics

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Emma Eshun
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12 views5 pages

Biostatistics Assignment

Biostatistics

Uploaded by

Emma Eshun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIVERSITY OF CAPE COAST

COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCE

SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE

LECTURER: MR. GEORGE ADJEI

INTRODUCTION TO BIOSTATISTICS
COURSE CODE: STA 103

ASSIGNMENT, APRIL 2024.

NAME: CINDY NANA YAA ADOMAH OPPONG

INDEX NUMBER: SM/SMS/23/0067


ANSWERS
1. A. Female
With a frequency of 50 and a percentage of 34.2, females have a higher proportion of
individuals with primary education as compared to males with a frequency of 10 and a
percentage of 33.8.

B. Study Hypothesis:
There is no statistically significant relationship between educational level and gender in
District Y.

C. Statistical Hypothesis:
HO : P educational level = P gender

HA : P educational level ≠ P gender


where, H 0 = the null hypothesis

H A = the alternative hypothesis

P eeducational level =Proportions of educational levels: No formal Education, Primary,


Middle/JSS/JHS, Secondary or higher

P gender = Proportions of males and females in District Y

I suggest this

Research hypothesis; Same as above

Statistical Hypothesis

H0: Pmale = Pfemale

HA: Pmale ≠ Pfemale

Where:

H 0 = the null hypothesis

H A = the alternative hypothesis


Pmale = Proportions of males and their educational levels (No formal Education,
Primary, Middle/JSS/JHS, Secondary or higher) in District Y

Where Pfemale = Proportions of females and their educational levels (No formal
Education, Primary, Middle/JSS/JHS, Secondary or higher)

2. A. The Research Hypothesis


There is no statistically significant difference between the efficacy of drug X in the
treatment of typhoid and the efficacy of drug Y in the treatment of typhoid.

B. The Statistical Hypothesis

H 0 : E x =E y

H A : Ex ≠ E y where, H 0 = the null hypothesis

H A = the alternative hypothesis

E x = the efficacy of drug X in the treatment of typhoid

E y = the efficacy of drug Y in the treatment of typhoid

I agree with this

3. A. Upper Quartile (Q3 )= 120mmHg


75% of the SMS Staff have their Systolic Blood Pressure above 120mmHg. Below
120mmHg is the correct one or you can say 75% of SMS staff have their SBP above
90mmHg

B. Lower Quartile (Q1 )= 90mmHg

25% of the SMS staff have their Systolic Blood Pressure below 90mmHg.
C. Interquartile Range (IQR) = Q1 – Q3
= 90mmHg – 120mmHg
50% of the SMS staff have their Systolic Blood Pressure Between 100mmHg (90mmHg
is correct) and 120mmHg. Or the Middle half of SMS staff have their SBP fall within
90mmHg and 120mmHg

D. Justification of the presence of Outliers


Q3 +1.5 x IQR
120 +1.5x (120-90)
120 +1.5 x 30
= 165
The box plot is shown to have data values greater than 165 proving the presence of
outliers. I agree

4. To compare the mean systolic blood pressure between the two age groups (20-39 years
and 40-60 years) of the UCC working population, you can use the appropriate descriptive
statistics method. In this case, the most suitable method would be the independent two-
sample t-test.

The independent two-sample t-test is commonly used when comparing the means of two
independent groups. It assesses whether the means of the two groups are significantly
different from each other, taking into account the variability within each group.

Justification for using the independent two-sample t-test in this scenario:

1. Independent Groups: The age groups 20-39 years and 40-60 years are independent of
each other. Each individual belongs to either one group or the other, and the blood
pressure measurements within each group are not influenced by the other group.
2. Continuous Data: Systolic blood pressure is a continuous variable, which is suitable
for the t-test. The t-test assumes that the data are approximately normally distributed
within each group.

3. Comparing Means: The objective is to compare the mean systolic blood pressure
between the two age groups. The t-test is specifically designed to assess differences in
means.

4. Parametric Test: The t-test is a parametric test that makes certain assumptions about
the data, such as normality and homogeneity of variances. If these assumptions are met,
the t-test is a powerful and appropriate statistical test for comparing means. ( I do not
know about this ) you can use this

1. The data must be independent


2. The observations for each group must be normally distributed
3. The standard deviations of the groups must be equal

Before conducting the t-test, you should verify that the assumptions of normality and
homogeneity of variances are reasonably satisfied within each age group. If the
assumptions are violated, you may need to consider alternative non-parametric tests, such
as the Mann-Whitney U test. Assumptions of an independent t-test

Since these assumptions have been met, by using the independent two-sample t-test, you
can statistically compare the mean systolic blood pressure between the 20-39 years and
40-60 years age groups and determine if there is a significant difference in the means.

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