Language

Bank
 Unit 1 Language Bank - Grammar
1.1 uses of like

like (verb) be like (preposi on)

+ I like ? What is he/she/it/ London/ like?

living in your new house
the city.
– She doesn’t like
Use be like (preposi on) to ask for a descrip on:
Do going out in
? you like A: What is it (the city) like?
Where do the evening?
B: It’s a big city, with lots of traffic.

Use like (verb) to talk about things you like:

What do you like doing in the evening?
Note:
forms:
Be careful not to confuse the two
I like going out at night. it like?
Ques on: Wha t’s
it very much.
Answer: It’s a lovely city. NOT I like

1.2 present/past passive

Present passive

subject be past par ciple

+ I/you/he/she/it/we/they am/is/are told that he is the best player.
– Rugby isn't played here.
? Is this dish made with potatoes?

Past passive

subject be past par ciple

+ I/you/he/she/it/we/they was/were stopped by a policeman.
– The photo wasn't taken here.
? Was the dog killed?

Use the ac ve voice to talk about the things people do: John stole the camera. Liz ate the bread.
Use the passive voice:
• to talk about what happens to things or people: The camera was stolen by John. The bread was eaten by Liz.
• when the cause of the ac on is unknown: Thousands of people are killed on the roads every year.
(We don't know who kills them.)
• when the cause of the ac on is not important: The cakes are made in France. (It is not important who makes them.)
If we want to say who does/did the ac on, we use by: The criminal was caught by the police. Penicillin was discovered
by Sir Alexander Fleming.

1.3 complaining

before making a complaint complaint response

Could you help me? There's a problem with ... We'll look into it right away.
I'm afraid I have a complaint It doesn't work. I'm sorry but there's nothing we can do
at the moment.
Excuse me, could I speak to I've been here for over an hour. I'm really sorry about that.
the manager?

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Unit 1 Language Bank - Practice
1.1
A Put the words in the correct B Match ques ons 1-5 above with C Find and correct the mistakes.
order to make ques ons. answers a-e. There is a mistake in each line.
1. like / job / your / what's / new? a. I love it. It's so peaceful. 1. I like listen to music. My favorite
2. new / do / my / dress / like / b. Yes. It really suits you. band is Jamiroquia.
you? c. It is delicious. It is small dishes of 2. How is the apartment like? Is it
3. like / what / is / tapas? vegetables, fish and meat. You modern?
4. there / the / what's / like / can eat them as an appe zer. 3. Have you seen Terminator 4?
weather? d. It's great. I really like the people Did you like?
5. like / in / you / living / the / I'm working with. 4. So, you've got a new boss.
do / country? e. It's terrible. It's windy and wet. What's like he?
5. What's like the weather? Is it
raining?
6. Are you like speaking English?

1.2
A Underline the correct alterna ve. B Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Add by where
1. Only fresh fish is serve/is served/is to serve in this necessary.
restaurant. 1. The French eat snails.
2. Yesterday she has given/was given/is given a Snails .................................................................................. .
ten-year prison sentence. 2. Dostoevsky wrote Crime and Punishment
3. Shopli ers aren't caught/not caught/aren't catch Crime and Punishment .................................................. .
very o en. 3. A journalist asked me some ques ons.
4. This book was wri en/is wri en/was wrote by a I ........................................................................................... .
Frenchman in 1886. 4. Alejandro Ledesma produces all of our programs.
5. At the moment movies are show/were shown/are All of our programs ......................................................... .
shown only on Wednesday evenings. 5. Alec Guinness played most of the roles in that movie.
6. Hundreds of people arrested/were arrest/are Most of the roles in that movie ................................... .
arrested for drug trafficking every day. 6. Swiss companies make the best chocolate.
7. I made the mistake because I am not telling/wasn't The best chocolate ......................................................... .
told/haven't told what to do.
8. The prisoners are sent/were send/were sent home
last night.

1.3
Put the words in the correct order to make conversa ons.
Conversa on 1 Conversa on 3
A: : me / excuse / complaint / have / afraid / a / I'm / I A: excuse / to / speak / me / could / manager / I /
B: what's / problem / the? the?
A: doesn't / shower / work / the B: Yes.
B: look / away / it / into / we'll / right A: an / I've / been / hour / here / over / for
Conversa on 2 B: sorry / really / I'm / that / about
A: me / excuse / you / me / help / could?
B: Yes.
A: a / the / with / problem / internet / connec on /
there's
B: nothing / sorry / can / but / I'm / the / we / at /
moment / there's / do

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 Unit 2 Language Bank - Grammar
2.1 present perfect + just/yet/already
It is common to use the present perfect with just, yet and
already. Did you tell him about Wednesday’s mee ng?
Use just to talk about something which happened very
recently. Put just before the main verb.
I've just passed my driving test!
We've just got back from vaca on.
Use yet in nega ve sentences and ques ons to talk about
something which hasn't happened, but you expect it to.
Put yet at the end of the sentence.
A: Are you ready?
B: No, we haven't finished yet.
A: Have you booked a table yet? No, not yet.
B: No, not yet. I'll call the restaurant in a minute.
Use already to talk about something which happened, maybe
before you expected. Put already before the main verb or at
the end of the sentence.
I've already had four cups of coffee this morning.
He's found a job already!
Spoken grammar: It is common to use not yet as a short
response to a ques on. It means we expect to do something
soon, but we have not done it.

2.2 first condi onal + when

Use the first condi onal to talk about situa ons
lf/When + present + will/won't + infini ve
in the future and their consequences.
If you don't study you won't pass the exam. Use if for a situa on which is likely. Use when
When the movie finishes I'll turn off the TV. for a situa on which is certain.
If I pass my driving test today, I'll be very
Use If/When + present + will +infini ve to form the first surprised.
condi onal. (I'm not sure about this.)
There are two clauses: the if/when clause and the main clause. When I pass my driving test, my father will buy
You can reverse the order of the clauses, but the if/when me a car.
clause always uses the present tense. (I'm sure about this.)
(if/when clause) (main clause) It is also possible to use may/might/could/should
If we see Ann, we'll ask her to call you. in the main clause instead of will.
NOT If we will see Ann, we'll ask her to call you. If it's sunny, we might have a picnic later.
(main clause) (if/when clause) When they arrive, they should call to tell us.
We'll ask Ann to call you if we see her.

2.3 giving opinions

agreeing disagreeing giving your opinion

That's right. I totally disagree. I think ...
That's true. I'm not sure about that. I don't think ...
Definitely. I don't think so. In my opinion ...

To sound polite, use I'm afraid and I'm sorry, but ... when you disagree.
I'm afraid I totally disagree.
I'm sorry, but it's just not possible.

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Unit 2 Language Bank - Practice
2.1
A Underline the correct alterna ve. B Find and correct the mistakes. There is a mistake
1. We're traveling around the Greek Islands. We've been in the word order in each conversa on.
to fourteen islands just/yet/already. 1. A: Have you read this book?
2. I'm leaving this evening, but I haven't packed my bags B: Yes, I've finished it just.
just/yet/already. 2. A: Are you ready to go?
3. A: Have you seen Martha? B: No, Imelda hasn't called yet us.
B: She's just/yet/already le . You might catch her in 3. A: Let's go to the Bri sh Museum.
the elevator if you hurry. B: We've been already there.
4. A: Can you wait a minute, please? 4. A: Becky looks red.
B: I've just/yet/already been here for more than half B: Well, just she's run five miles.
an hour. 5. A: Are you coming out later?
5. A: Do you know if your sister is coming to the party? B: I'd love to come out, but I haven't finished yet
B: I'm not sure. I haven't spoken to her just/yet/already. my work.
6. I thought Alf was going away for three weeks, but he's 6. A: There's a movie on tonight.
just/yet/already come back. B: Yes, but already I've seen it three mes!
7. Great! I've just/yet/already booked the ckets on the
internet. Now, we wait for the confirma on.
8. A: Can you call Emily?
B: I've just/yet/already spoken to her. That was her
on the phone a minute ago.

2.2
A Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct form. B Find and correct the mistakes. There are
1. I .............. home when I .............. my studies. (leave/finish) mistakes in four of the sentences.
2. If you .............. the class, I .............. some notes for you. 1. If you will be in the office tomorrow, we talk
(miss/take) about it then.
3. When I .............. Sandra, I .............. her what she thinks. 2. When Brian comes back from vaca on, we'll
(see/ask) arrange to go out.
4. We .............. me for lunch if the train .............. at 3. When I hear from the rest of the team, I'll let you
12 o'clock. (not have/leave) know.
5. If I .............. my boss for a pay raise, he .............. it to me. 4. We'll ask the doctor when we will get to the
(ask/not give) hospital.
6. I .............. dinner if you .............. the shopping. (cook/do) 5. If Theo behaves badly in class, the teacher speak
7. If the weather .............. nice, we .............. out for a walk. to his parents.
(be/go) 6. They move into the house as soon as Mark will
8. We .............. on vaca on when Al .............. some me finish building it.
off work. (go/get)

2.3
A There is a word missing in each sentence. B Complete the conversa ons with the phrases in
Complete the sentences with the missing word. the box.
1. I'm, but I don't think there is enough money for that. I'm afraid - I think - totally disagree
2. I don't we should spend too much me discussing this. my opinion - Definitely - not sure about
3. I have to say I think right
4. I'm afraid totally disagree. A: ¹ ..................... we should all go home early today.
5. Make them pay fines? I'm not sure that. B: I’m ² ..................... that.
6. In opinion, we should start from the beginning. A: It’s OK to hunt animals for sports.
B: ³ ..................... I ⁴ ..................... .
A: In ⁵ ....................., these poli cians should go to
prison.
B: ⁶ ..................... . They’re criminals.

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 Unit 3 Language Bank - Grammar
3.1 reported speech
It is common to use say and tell
direct speech reported speech
to report speech.
present simple past simple Tell is followed by an object.
‘I play the guitar.’ She said she played the guitar. He told me (that) he was hungry.
NOT He told that he was hungry.
present con nuous past con nuous Say is not followed by an object.
‘They are watching a movie.’ He told us they were watching a movie. She said she worked in France.
NOT She said me she worked in
will would
France.
‘I'll call you later.’ She said she would call me later. When the present simple is
can could used to describe a habit, we
don't need to change the verb
‘He can work un l 9:00.’ She told me he could work un l 9:00. tense in reported speech.
‘I get up at 6 a.m.’
When we report speech, the pronouns some mes change. She said she gets up at 6 a.m.
‘I eat meat.’ He said he ate meat. ‘We don't eat meat.’
‘We'll help you tomorrow.’ They said they would help me tomorrow. They told us they don't eat
Use reported speech to tell someone what another person said. meat.
It is common to change the verb tense/form when we report speech.

3.2 second condi onal

Would is o en contracted (I'd, you’d, he’d, we’d, they’d).
lf + past simple + would/wouldn’t + infini ve
Would not is contracted to wouldn't.
If I had more money I would buy a car. If we had more money, we'd buy a bigger house.
If I wanted a job I would look for one. We wouldn't live in the city if we didn't need to.
It is possible to change the order of the clauses.
If I was famous I wouldn’t be happy. No ce that there is a comma a er the if clause in the
first example, but no comma in the second example.
Use If + past simple + would/wouldn't + infini ve to form If we had children, our lives would be very different.
the second condi onal. Our lives would be very different if we had children.
Use the second condi onal to talk about an imaginary With the verb be it is possible to use were (instead of
situa on in the present or future and its consequence. was)
If I knew the way to the museum, I would tell you. If he was/were a lawyer, he would tell you what to do.
(I don't know the way to the museum.) Use If I were you ... to give advice.
If I won the lo ery, I would never work again! If I were you, I'd tell him your plans.
(I'm very unlikely to win the lo ery – it's an imaginary It is also possible to use could.
situa on). If I could sing, I would start a band.

3.3 requests and offers I’d like to change my flight des na on.

requests response o ers

I'd like to ... No problem. Would you like me to ...?
Would it be possible to ...? Certainly. Do you want me to (get a) ...?
Would you be able to ...? Yes, of course. Shall I ...?
Could you recommend ...?

Would it be possible for you to change the date, too?

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Unit 3 Language Bank - Practice
3.1
A Rewrite the sentences as reported speech. B Rewrite the reported sentences as direct speech.
1. ‘My favorite movie is about an invisible man.’ 1. Gianella said she loved chocolate.
She told me ........................................................ . ‘I love chocolate.’
‘.................................................................................. .’
2. ‘I don't like westerns.’ 2. He told us he would be at home by six.
He said ........................................................ .
‘.................................................................................. .’
3. ‘They can act.’
3. Marina said she didn't want to do her homework.
She told us ........................................................ .
4. ‘The movie isn't really about fashion.’ ‘.................................................................................. .’
He said ........................................................ . 4. They told me they were busy.
5. ‘I'm working for a movie studio.’ ‘.................................................................................. .’
He told me ........................................................ . 5. Yannick said he couldn't understand the lecture.
6. ‘That director will become famous.’
‘.................................................................................. .’
We told her ........................................................ .
6. I told you I didn't like flying.
7. ‘I'm wri ng a thriller.’
She said ........................................................ . ‘.................................................................................. .’
8. ‘The scene reminds me of another movie.’ 7. Xun Li said she was going back to China.
He said ........................................................ . ‘.................................................................................. .’

3.2
A Match 1-6 with a-f to make sentences. B Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct form.
1. If you went to bed earlier, 1. I .................. to the doctor if I .................. you. He can give you
2. If she asked Tim to marry her, some medicine. (go/be)
3. If we came in the summer, 2. If they .................. ice cream here, .................. you .................. some?
4. We would visit you tomorrow (sell/buy)
5. I'd get there early 3. I .................. you if I .................., but I'm too busy right now.
6. She would earn more money (help/can)
4. If I .................. my phone with me, I .................. him. (have/call)
a. would we go to the beach?
5. lf we .................. more food, I .................. them to stay for dinner.
b. if I were you.
(have/ask)
c. you wouldn't feel so red.
6. If you .................. nearer to us, we .................. you more o en.
d. if the trains were running.
(live/see)
e. if she worked longer hours.
7. .................. your brother .................. happier if he .................. so
f. I'm sure he would say ‘Yes’.
hard? (be/not work)
8. If you .................. always .................. such a mess, the kitchen
.................. cleaner! (not make/be)

3.3
There are words missing from the conversa ons. Conversa on 2
Complete the conversa ons with the words in the box. A: I'd like eat out tonight.
B: OK. Do you me to choose the restaurant?
want - it - me - shall - no - of - to - able - could
A: Yes, why not?
B: OK. And I book a table for two?
Conversa on 1
A: Er, no – three. I'm invi ng Bobby.
A: You recommend a good coffee shop?
Conversa on 3
B: Certainly. There's one on Elm Road called Hot Beans.
A: Would you be to get me a good plumber?
A: Great.
B: Problem.
B: Would you like to show you where it is?
A: Would be possible to do it today? I have to
A: Oh yes, please. That's very kind of you.
travel tomorrow.
B: Yes, course.

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