RMO/INMO

ALLEN
EXERCISE
1. Find all pairs of positive integers m,n (m > n) such that the difference between the mth and nth triangular numbers
is equal to 2006.
2. Find the integral solutions of 19x3 – 84y2 = 1984.
3. Prove that there are no natural numbers, which are solutions of 15x2 – 7y2 = 9.
4. Prove that there are an infinite number of pairs of irrational numbers a, b such that a + b = ab is an integer
number.
5. Find the number of positive integral values of ‘n’ for which (n3 – 8n2 + 20n – 13) is a prime number.
6. There are 500 students in a school. Two-third of the students who do not wear spectacles do not bring lunch,
three-quarter of the students who do not bring lunch do not wear spectacles. Altogether 60 spectacled students
bring lunch too. Find the number of students who do not wear spectacles and do not bring lunch.
7. Prove that there are 5 prime numbers which are in arithmetic progression with difference 6. Is the progression
unique?
8. Let {an} be a non-constant arithemtic progression with initial term a1 = 1. The terms a2, a5, a11 form a geometric
progression. Find the sum of the first 2009 terms.
9. The fourth power of the C.D of an AP with integer entries is added to the product of any four consecutive terms
of it. Prove that the resulting sum is the square of an integer.
10. If the coefficients of ax2 + bx + c = 0
are odd integers, then the roots of the equation cannot be rational numbers.
11. If a, b, c, d are in Harmonic progression prove a + d > b + c.

1 1 1 1 1 1
12. Find the sum 1+ + + 1+ + + ... + 1 + + .
12 22 22 32 20112 20122

13. Show that in the year 1996, no one could claim on his birthday, his age was the sum of the digits the year in
which he was born. Find the last year prior to 1996 which had the same property.
14. Is there an integer n such that (n2 + n + 3) is a multiple of 121 ?
15. Prove that there are no integers a, b, c, d such that
abcd – a = 111.....1 (The digit 1 appears k times) (a)
abcd – b = 111.....1 (The digit 1 appears k times) (b)
abcd – c = 111.....1 (The digit 1 appears k times) (c)
abcd – d = 111.....1 (The digit 1 appears k times) (d)
where k Î N – {1}.
16. Prove that in any perfect square the three digits immediately to the left of the unit digit cannot be 101.
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17. If ‘n’ is an odd integer, prove that the number (n3 + 3n2 – n – 3) is divisible by 48.

1 1 1 1
18. Find the sum + + + ... + .
1.4 4.7 7.10 2998.3001
19. If a, b and c are real numbers, prove that b + c, c + a and a + b are in harmonic progression if and only if
a2, b2 and c2 are in arithmetic progression.
20. Find the solutions of the system of equations.
x + [y] + {z} = 1.1,
[x] + {y} + z = 2.2,
{x} + y + [z] = 3.3.
14x + 5 17x - 5
21. Can the numbers and both be integers for some integer x ?
9 12

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 Mathematics
ALLEN
22. The sequence {an} is defined by

a2n + 1
a1 = a2 = 1 and a n +1 = , for n ³ 2.
an -1

Prove that every term of the sequence is a positive integer.

q(a 2 - 1) (c2 - 1)
23. Find all integer solution (a, c) of a4 + 6a3 + 11a2 + 6a + 1 =
a2 + c2
where q is the product of arbitrary non-negetive roots of aternative prime i.e.

q = 2b1 5b2 11b3 ......... where bi ³ 0

24. Three non-zero real numbers form an arithmetical progression. The squares of these numbers in the same order
form a geometric progression. Is it possible ?
25. If a, b, c and d are in harmonic progession, then a + d > b + c.

7n - 12 2n - 14 24n
26. Find all integers n such that + + n =1
2n 3n 6
27. Find the last three digits of the integer 79999.
28. If a,b,c,d are integers, prove that the product of the differences b – a, c – a, d – a, c – b, d – b,c – d is divisible
by 12.
29. In the following arrangement, all the odd numbers were placed in such a way that in the jth row there are j
consecutive odd numbers,

1
3 5
7 9 11
13 15 17 19

(i) Which is the first number (on the left) in the 100th row ?
(ii) Which is the sum of the numbers in the 100th row ?
30. Prove that if the integers a1,a2,..., a9 are not divisible by 3, then

a12 + a22 + ... + a92 º 0 (mod 3)

31. Determine the number of real solutions a of the equation.

éa ù éa ù éa ù
ê2 ú + ê 3 ú + ê 5 ú = a
ë û ë û ë û
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32. A ordered triplet (a, b, c) where a, b, c are non zero reals is said to be good if each of a, b, c is the product
of the other two. Find such good triplets.
33. Find all positive integers ‘n’ such that n + 9,16n + 9, 27n + 9 are all perfect squares.
34. The lengths of the sides of a right triangle, given by a < b < c, are in gemetric progression. Find the ratio of
the progression.
35. Find all the pairs of positive integers (a, b) such that ab + a + b divides a2 + b2 + 1.
36. The sequence {an} is defined by
a1 = 1, a2 = 3, an = an–1 + an–2, for n ³ 3.
n
æ7ö
Prove that an < ç ÷ , for all n.
è4ø

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RMO/INMO
ALLEN
(n + 1)2
37. Determine all natural numbers ‘n’ such that is an integer..
n+7

38. Find the geometric progressions {an} satisfying that an+2 = an+1 + an, for all n ³ 0.
39. Prove that for every positive integer n the value of the expression
24n+1 – 22n – 1 is divisible by 9.
40. Prove that any prime number (22n + 1) cannot be represented as a difference of two fifith powers of integers.
41. Show that if the sum of the squares of two whole numbers is divisible by 3, then each of them is divisible by 3.

1 1 1
42. Find all the positive integral solution of the equation + = .
x y 2015

43. Prove that 7 divides the number 147 + 247 + 347 + 447 + 547 + 647.
44. Find the integer solutions of the equation

1 1 1
+ =
x y 1997

45. Find the values of an, if a1 = 1 and for each n ³ 2, it follows that
a1 + a2 + ... + an = n2.
46. Let a be an integer. Prove that there are no integers b, c with c > 1, such that
(a + 1)2 + (a + 2)2 +....+ (a + 99)2 = bc.
47. If an integer of 2 digits is p times the sum of its digits, prove that the value of the number got by interchanging
the digits is the sum of the digits multiplied by (11 – p).

æ 1 ö æ 1 ö æ 1 ö
48. Evaluate the product ç 1 - 2 ÷ ç1 - 2 ÷ ... ç 1 - ÷.
è 2 ø è 3 ø è 20112 ø

49. If for the rational number x the value of the expression

2x4 + 3x + 1
is an integer, prove that x is also an integer.
50. Find all positive integers a, b such that a4 + 4b4 is a prime number.

n3 - 1
51. Find all integers ‘n’ such that is a prime number..
5

a 2m + a2n
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52. The sequence a0, a1, a2 ,...., is defined as a0 = 0, a1 = 1 and, for m ³ n ³ 0, am+n + am–n = . Find
2
the value of a1000.

ì ê 2a ú
ï0, if ê ú is an even integer
ê 2a ú êaú ï ëbû
53. Let a, b Î N. Prove that ê ú - 2 ê ú = í
ë bû ëbû ï ê 2a ú
1, if ê ú is an odd integer
ïî ë bû

54. Solve the equation ëx2 – 3x + 2û = 3x – 7, x Î R.

55. abc is a three digit number. ab, bc, ca are two numbers. Determine all three digit numbers abc such that
abc = ab + bc + ca.

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