ELECTRICAL DRAWING (EL)

Introduction
Definition
- Are drawings prepared for indicating internal and external lighting design and power
supply system of a building.
 Plan layout shows the location and types of switches and lighting fixtures to be
used, as well as specialty items such as electrical heaters.
 An electrical legend is incorporated in these drawings that define what the
various electrical symbols.
Purposes
- Provide a satisfactory and adequately wired electrical system up on completion of the
structure.
- Indicate how electric power is supplied to a building.
- Indicate the size, type, material and location of lighting fixture, power outlets special
electric devices.
- Means of communication between electrical engineer and electrician.
- Bases for ordering material, cost estimation and for instructing the contractor.
EL drawings Includes

1. Electric plans
- Separate plan prepared for different floors.
2. Circuit diagrams
- Separate diagram prepared for different distribution boards.
3. Required notes
4. Lighting fixture schedule
5. Legend showing symbol and abbreviations.
EL drawings are drawn with the same scale to AR floor plans.
Electrical drawings are generally identified by a letter electrical as a prefix in the title block.
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION SYMBOLS

Symbols Descriptions
/MDB/ Main Distribution Board
/SDB/ Sub Distribution Board
Ceiling light point
Wall light point
Fluorescent light
5 x 60w Multi lamp luminary

Luminary with switch

Emergency luminary
One-way switch
Two-way switch
Electrical abbreviation
Electrical abbreviations are used throughout several industries. These include everything from
automotive and construction to electricity wiring, electronic device repair, electronic device
manufacturing, and telephony. Since it doesn't make sense to write out the full terms every time,
especially under the tight space constraints of many devices and panels, the much shorter
abbreviations are used for various circuits, conduits, sizes, standardized tools, and more. Because
electrical work involves significant cost and/or safety risks, understanding these abbreviations
and acronyms is important for everyone involved.

Switch Outlets
 S Single pole switch  SF Fused switch
 S2 Double pole switch  SWF Weatherproof fused switch
 S3 Three way switch
 S4 Four way switch
 SD Automatic door switch
 SE Electrolier switch
 SK Key operated switch
 SP Switch and pilot lamp
 SCB Circuit breaker switch
 SWCB Weather proof circuit breaker
 SMC Momentary contact switch
 SRC Remote control switch
 SWP Weatherproof switch
 Location of symbols on pictorial plan/diagram

The main points of the following plan should be

 The place of each room in the house.

 The layout diagram of the installation
 Various circuit of the installation
 The position of each components
 The path to which the electrical lines are installed on the surface of the walls.
 It shows the various components of the installation
 The sizes of wire to be used
 The number of branch circuit on the distribution board and sub distribution board
 The rating of circuit breaker.
 The power of Electrical installation.
 The lines which comes from EEPCO
THHN = stands for Thermoplastic High Heat-resistant

THHN wire is a type of single-conductor wire with a thermoplastic insulation that is resistant to
high heat and mechanical damage. It is commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial
wiring applications for power distribution, lighting, and control circuits.

THHN wire is known for its flexibility, durability, and ease of installation. It is typically rated
for use at temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius (194 degrees Fahrenheit) in dry locations and up
to 75 degrees Celsius (167 degrees Fahrenheit) in wet locations.

When installing THHN wire, it is important to follow the National Electrical Code (NEC) and
local electrical codes to ensure proper installation practices and compliance with safety
standards. THHN wire is available in various sizes or gauges, with different ampacity ratings to
match the current requirements of the electrical circuit.
Ampacity ratings refer to the maximum current-carrying capacity of an electrical conductor, such
as a wire or cable, under specific conditions. The ampacity rating of a wire is determined by
factors such as the wire size (gauge), insulation type, ambient temperature, and installation
method.
 Distribution board system

Distribution Board System: This method is a common system adopted by consumers of

domestic installations. The fuses of various sub-circuits are grouped together at a place close to
main switch known as distribution board. One wire is taken from bus bar through a fuse and
neutral is taken from a neutral link. The pair of wires (phase and neutral) taken from main
distribution boards is fed to a final sub-circuit board.
The sub-distribution boards are employed near the load center if the building is large. The cable
feeding the sub-distribution board should be large enough to carry a load of points to be fed from
there. The sub-distribution board installed near the load center is mainly to save cable and to
prevent too great voltage drop.
The number of circuits and sub-circuits are decided on the basis of number of points and load to
be connected to the supply.
Electrical distribution system for building
I. Consist of five basic divisions:
1. Service entrance –Including main disconnecting devices, distribution panel boards,
metering equipment and conduit and wiring.
2. Feeder system – A system of heavy-duty conduits and wiring that carries electric power
from the service entrance equipment to the various lighting and power panel boards that
are strategically located throughout a building.
3. Lighting and power panel board – Metal enclosures which house the circuit barkers,
fuses and fused switches to which all branch circuits connect and which give electrical
protection to those branch circuits.
4. Branch circuits - The wiring circuits that receive power in a controlled manner from the
lighting and power panel boards and carry that power to all the many items of electrical
equipment that constitute the electrical load of the building. Branch circuits usually extend
to serve all parts of a building.
5. Electric load – consist of a wide range of electrically operated equipment including
lighting fixtures, electric motors, heaters etc…

Electric supply system of a residential building

The residential electric system provides an adequate supply of electric for lightening
of different spaces and power provision for different electric deices in desired location of a
building.
The following two tables us showing the lighting and power requirements of different
spaces in a residential building.
 Lighting requirement

Area Lighting requirement

Living room Ceiling out let or wall brackets controlled by switch at entrance and
switch on the walls of the living room.
Dining room Ceiling out let or wall bracket controlled by switch at entrance.
Kitchen Ceiling out let controlled by switch at entrance.
Lighting out let over sink controlled by wall switch.
Bed rooms Lighting out lets (ceiling & wall) controlled by switch at entrance and
near to bed.
Bath room Ceiling out let and wall out let over a mirror controlled by switch at
shower (toilet) entrance.
Hall or corridor Ceiling out let controlled by wall switch in each separate hall area,
where hall is over 4.5m in length. 2 way witching is required.
Stair Lighting of stairways controlled from upper and lower floor levels.

Balconies Outdoor lighting at each entrance controlled by switch.

Entrance
Verandahs
Reception One ceiling outlet for each 14m2 of floor space.
room
Laundry Ceiling outlet controlled by wall switch at entrance.
Store & Garage Lighting out let controlled by switch at entrance.
 Power requirement

Area (location) Desirable No of

socket outlet Remark
Living room 5 - Installed at every 4m of usable wall space
Dinning 2 around room perimeter.
Kitchen 4 - One socket for each 2m or fraction of each
counters work space.
- Socket (separate) for cooker, (range), WH and
refrigerator (frizzier)
Bed rooms - For TV, tape recorder, bedside lamp, side lamp.
 Double bed 3
 Single bed 2
Hall (corridor) 1 - One in each hall, if it’s longer than 4m add
another.
Verandah or Balcony 1 - Weather proof sockets.
Family lounge 3 - For tape –recorder, range etc…
Out door 2 - Weather proof sockets, one at front entrance the
other location optional.
Bath room 2 - One for water heater and the other below the
mirror.
Garage 1 - One on separate circuit.
Laundry or utility 1 - On separate circuit is required at table height in
room or workshop each of these areas.

N.B Separate circuit for appliances which require large amount of electricity. These are:
- Range (cooker) - Counter top over
- Water heater - Water pump
- Dish washer - Clothes dryer
- Air conditioner - Furnace
- Clothes washer - Etc…
Attic fan

An attic fan is a type of ventilation system that is installed in the attic space of a building. It
helps to regulate the temperature in the attic by exhausting hot air and moisture to the outside,
which can help reduce energy costs and prevent damage to the roof and other parts of the
building. Attic fans can be installed on the roof or in a gable vent, and they are typically
controlled by a thermostat to turn on and off automatically based on the temperature in the attic.
 Electrical installation floor plans

Definition – The plan view drawing which shows the locution and types of switches, sockets, bell
Points lighting fixtures and electric devices.
- It is generally traced from the floor plan and reflected ceiling plan.
Shows 1. The layout of switches and lighting fixtures and their relationship.
2. The layout of socket outlets.
3. The location of electrical equipment and associated power lines.
Includes: - Fixtures and equipment location (traced from AR plan).
 Layout of lighting fixtures. AR ceiling plan is used to show the exact location of
all fixtures.
 Ceiling outlets
 Wall outlets
 Layout of switches. Identification and type of switch system with appropriate
symbol.
 One way switch
 Two way switch
 Pull switch
 Double – pole switch
 Layout of socket outlets.
 Layout of interconnecting wires (using curvilinear lines).
 Between Switch and light fixtures Different socket outlets.  Bell line

Procedure for drawing an electric plan

1. Trace the floor plan showing all exterior and interior walls and major appliances.
2. Location the meter and distribution panel. Indicating voltage and amperage rating.
3. Show all convenience outlets using the proper symbols. Be sure to indicate those
which are 240V, split wired, weather proof, or other special purposes.
4. Locate all ceiling and wall lighting outlets carefully check the use of symbols.
5. Show all special outlets and fixtures such as telephone.
6. Locate the switches and connect them to the outlets and lighting fixtures which they
operate.
7. Add the lighting fixture schedule and symbol legend.
8. Note the number and type of circuits required.
9. Letter in all other notes, title, scale and sheet number.
10. Check the drawing carefully to be sure that all information is accurate and complete.
 Circuit diagrams

Definition: - These are simple diagrams tabular in their from which are showing the electric
circuit
System of a building.
Purpose: - provides the number and type of circuit in particular distribution board.
- Enables the electrician to determine the wire size and its amperage.
Includes: - - The number of circuit and their description.
- Cross – sectional area and number of wires.
- Current rate for the circuits.
- Types of distribution board (separate diagram prepared for different
distribution boards.)

- No of lamp 10-16 in one circuit, if more add another circuit.

- For socket outlets of 16amp, use 5-8 sockets in one circuit, if more add another.
- Keep reserve circuit breaker in any distribution board.
- Make all external socket outlets weather proof.
- Provide three phase system for MDB from EELPA line and for power panels
from MDB.
- Telephone system has its own line, separated from the electric supply line.
- TV, tape-recorders might get power from the ordinary sockets with divider or
extension chord.

Lighting fixtures schedule

Lighting fixture schedule

Type Manuf. Catalog. No. No. Req. Mounting watts Remark
HT
A
B
C
D
E