WESTERN PROVINCE

MAYUKWAYUKWA BOARDING SECONDARY SCHOOL

GRADE 12

Physical Education and Sports

A
Prepared by: Clive Nyambe; clivenet@yahoo.es

Paper 1

Additional Information:

Answer Booklet

Time: 2 hours 30 minutes Marks: 70

Instructions to Candidates

1 Pull out the Answer Booklet from the question paper.

2 Write your name and class on the Answer Booklet provided.

3 There are three (3) sections in this paper, A, B and C

4 Section A has twenty (20) multiple choice questions, answer all questions.

Section B has ten (10) short answer questions.

Section C has five (5) essay questions

5 Write your answers in the Answer Booklet provided. Follow specific instruction for each
section.
6 Cell phones and calculators are not allowed in the examination room.

7 Do not start writing until you are told to do so.

 SECTION A
1) Below is a photo of Samuel Matete-the only athlete to have won a silver medal at the
1996 Atlanta Olympic Games for Zambia. As he is running, his body temperature begins
to rise. Which changes occur to help return his body temperature to normal?

SWEATING BLOOD VESSELS IN THE

SKIN
A Decreases Constrict

B Decreases Dilate

C Increases Constrict

D Increases Dilate
 2) Below is a photo of Kalusha Bwalya (Jersey 11), one of the greatest Zambian footballers.
When dribbling a ball in a restricted space, he should attempt to do all of the following
EXCEPT…

A. keep the ball close to the feet

B. stay in a slightly crouched position
C. use body feints and changes of speed
D. use only the dominant foot for better control

3) In which of the following lists is each physiological factor linearly (proportionately)

related to oxygen consumption?
A Cardiac output, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate
B Cardiac output, heart rate, work rate
C Core temperature, red blood cell count, work rate
D Minute ventilation, red blood cell count, respiration rate

4) Angular motion is represented by which of the following?

I. The knees of a cyclist
II. The legs of a runner
III. The arms of a swimmer
A. I only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. I, II, and III
5) All of the following are direct physiological consequences of warm-down (cool-down)
activities following vigorous physical activity EXCEPT…
A. preventing blood from pooling in the legs
B. increasing the rate of lactic acid removal from the blood and skeletal muscle
C. promoting the reduction of cholesterol in the blood
D. reducing the risk of cardiac irregularities

6) What causes the accumulation of blood lactate during exercise?

A. lactate production exceeding lactate removal
B. the anaerobic energy systems becoming dominant
C. insufficient oxygen being delivered to the working muscles
D. a decrease in the athlete’s ability to tolerate the accumulated lactate

7) Which of the following statements are the appropriate definitions of physical recreation?
(1) Physical activity of relaxing nature
(2) Active form of leisure
(3) Learning through bodily movement
(4) Competitive sports
A. (1), (2) and (3) only
B. (1), (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only

8) Which of the following is the major function of physical training in early civilizations?
A. To train soldiers.
B. To contribute to the total development of individuals.
C. To cultivate religious belief.
D. To promote individual enjoyment.

9) Which of the following are cardiorespiratory responses during exercise?

(1) Increase of stroke volume
(2) Increase of heart rate
(3) Increase of ventilation rate
(4) Increase of maximal aerobic power
A. (1), (2) and (3) only
B. (1), (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
10) Which of the following is the main source of energy system when performing an activity
that requires approximately 60 seconds of power and speed?
A. ATP-PC energy system which requires high amount of oxygen.
B. ATP-PC energy system which requires little amount of oxygen.
C. Lactic acid system which requires little amount of oxygen.
D. Aerobic energy system that can supply energy more than 60 seconds.

11) Which of the following provinces organised the 2018 Inter-provincial Ball and Racket
Games?
A. Lusaka
B. Western
C. Copperbelt
D. Muchinga

12) Which of the following muscle groups is responsible for lifting up the thigh?
A. hamstrings
B. triceps
C. quadriceps
D. gluteus maximus

13) Which of the following is an incorrect description of nutrient?

A. Protein is the main source of energy supply.
B. Vitamins are organic compounds involved in body metabolism.
C. Water is essential for life.
D. Minerals are essential substances for bones and teeth.

14) Which of the following are the main physical qualities required for 110 m hurdlers?
(1) speed
(2) anaerobic power
(3) flexibility
(4) muscular strength
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1), (3) and (4) only
C. (2), (3) and (4) only
D. (1), (2), (3) and (4)
15) Observe the table below.

Which of the following training principle is best illustrated in the above programme?
A. specificity
B. reversibility
C. variance
D. overload

16) What is the injury type of tennis elbow?

A. impact injury
B. overuse injury
C. muscle injury
D. sprains

17) After vigorous exercise, an untrained person usually feels muscle sore. When will the sore
feeling normally begin?
A. 24 hours after concentric exercises
B. 24 hours after eccentric exercises
C. 60 hours after concentric exercises
D. 60 hours after eccentric exercises

18) Which of the following will happen when an athlete is in the autonomous phase of learning?
A. athlete starts to recognise errors
B. athlete makes frequent mistakes
C. athlete provides frequent instruction and demonstration
D. athlete makes fewer mistakes

19) Which of the following relationship can be predicted by the Inverted-U Model?
A. arousal and heart rate
B. arousal and body temperature
C. arousal and hormone
D. arousal and performance
20) Which of the following will affect the performance of athletes?
(1) Personality
(2) Level of anxiety
(3) Ability to concentrate
(4) Moral standard
A. (1), (2) and (3) only
B. (1), (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only

SECTION B (Answer ALL questions)

1 .Give two examples of a basic skill. [2]
2. Describe two benefits for a pupil who attends a school’s extra-curricular activities. [2]
3. How can a sports centre improve opportunities for performers with disabilities? [2]
4. Give two examples when good extension at a joint helps to produce a better performance. [2]
5. Explain two advantages of using Circuit Training as part of a fitness programme. [2]
6. Give two benefits of radio coverage of sport. [2]
7. Describe two types of movements that can be achieved at the shoulder. [2]
8. Describe the role of synergists. [1]

9. Complete the table to show a description of how each type of movement used in different
named physical activities. (3 marks)

TYPE OF MOVEMENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DECRIPTION OF HOW IT

IS USED
Adduction Swimming Pulling the arms towards the
body in a breaststroke.
Abduction
Extension

10. Suggest two possible disadvantage of being an amateur when competing at the Olympic
Games. [2]
SECTION C (Question 1 is compulsory. Answer 2 from the remaining four questions)

1) Explain ways that modern technologies have helped bring about an improvement in
sports. (14 marks)
2) Describe factors, other than where you live, that influence how well someone is able
to take part in sport. (8 marks)
3) Prepare a single league tournament of 5 teams using cyclic method or tabular method
(Calculate clearly the numbers of teams, number of rounds and number of matches) (8
marks)
4) You are part of a group of learners on an outdoor water based activity. Explain the
risks a leader would assess when planning the activity. (8 marks)
5) Explain the immediate changes to the circulatory and respiratory systems during the
early stages of a long distance run. (8 marks)
 SECTION A

ANSWERS

1. D
2. D
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. A
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. A
14. D
15. D
16. B
17. A
18. D
19. D
20. D
 SECTION B
1. Any two of these:
• Running
• Jumping
• Throwing
• Walking
• Kicking
2. Any two of these:
• Improving the standards of performance /skills
• Has the opportunity to play competitive sports/play a variety of sports.
• Improve social skills/meet friend/improve team work/develop leadership skills
• Raise self esteem
• Fun and enjoyment
• Improve fitness/health

3. Any two of these:

• Provide opportunities for teams/competition/classes

• Improve access to the building/ramps/hearing loops
• Improve changing /shower/toilet facilities
• Hoists to swimming pools/lifts to access all area
• Campaigns to promote sports for performers with disabilities
• Employment of specialized coaching staff/coaching courses available
• Time allocated specifically for disability sports
• Links created with schools to promote involvement for younger performers
• Facilities made available/adapted facilities

4. Any two of these:

• Ensures greater reach, useful for basketball to rebound/netball to catch a ball at its highest
point/tennis to reach for a ball
• Enables more aesthetically pleasing movement ideal in gymnastics pointing toes
• Generate greater power when striking a ball in tennis/putting the shot/kicking a ball in football

5. Any two of these:

• Provides variety of exercise which makes it interesting

• Adaptable to any sport
• Circuits can be designed to develop more than one aspect of fitness/skill
• An efficient way to use training time
• The circuit can be done indoors or outdoors
• Circuit can be done in a restricted area
• Circuits can include either no equipment or a wide variety of equipment
• Adaptable to an individual’s level of fitness (work/rest ratio)
• Easy to overload/easy to make specific
 6. Any two of these:(Answers must relate specifically to the benefits of radio rather
than general statements regarding the benefits of media coverage)
• Can be received almost everywhere - watching TV is not always possible
• Easy to carry - does not need elaborate receivers
• Cheaper than television, computers etc.More likely to own a radio
• Can create a vivid picture as the commentary has to paint the picture/more
intimate view of the game / more information
• For people with sight difficulties it may be the only way of receiving coverage.
• People can do other activities whilst listening

7. Any two of these:(Movements must be described to gain a mark)

• Abduction – movement of the arm away from the body

• Adduction – movement of the arm towards the body
• Circumduction – circular movement of the arm.
• Rotation – turning movement
• Flexion – raising the arm
• Extension – straightening of arm from the shoulder

8. Any one of these:

 prevent over-extension at a joint

 stabilize the joint / aids the movement of the prime mover
 enable the completion of the movement of the prime mover
 help in the creation of movement
 prevent unwanted movement of the prime mover
 prevent unwanted movement from a muscle whilst at the same time allowing required
movement to take place;

9. (Descriptions must be from different activities.1 mark awarded for each correct
description)

Examples could include:

Abduction – tennis – moving the arm away from the body to play a forehand shot;
Extension – football – straightening the leg when kicking a ball;

10. Any two of these:

 may lack experience
 may be intimidated by professionals / in awe of professionals
 levels of fitness may be lower
 access to the highest quality of equipment may be reduced
 skills levels maybe lower as less chance to train
 most competitors will be professional
 less preparation
 less time to train
 SECTION C

ANSWER TO QUESTION 1 (1 mark for listing, 1 mark for explaining)

Media-people are able to see/hear sports around the world.

Medical-Improvement in medicines means quicker recovery and prevention.
Equipment-Improvement in equipments such as running track, swimming trunks improves time
Personal equipment- improvements in design and materials improve performance e.g. athletics
shoes are lighter and stronger/tennis racquets are lighter and stronger
Clothing-Help prevent injury through improved protection/lighter clothing
Sports science-A greater understanding of physiology and its effects on exercise helps improve
performance
Information technology-Helps performers share training information.
Travel-It has become easier to travel so performers can travel to training camps.
Diet-There is greater awareness of the impact of diet on performance
Domestic technology-Time needed to do housework has been reduced through the development
of appliances which give time for leisure activities.
Technology-Through video refereeing (VAR) ,errors have reduced
Technology-For performers with disabilities has improved
 ANSWER TO QUESTION 2

(No marks for just naming the factors, there should be a description to gain a mark.)

• Age – some sports have age limitations / age categories

• Fitness – the fitter you are the better you are able to perform
• Skill – the more skilful a player the more likely they are to play at a high level / amount of
training
• Body composition – some body types are more suitable for certain sports / being overweight
can reduces agility and ability to sustain effort.
• Fatigue – being tired reduces levels of energy and performance
• Illness / injury – performers should stop during period of illness or when suffering from injury
or the period of recovery will increase or further damage may be done.
• Diet – diet can affect your health. Diet leading up to an event (carboloading) can directly affect
performance. A big meal before an event can reduce performance
• Drugs – this can include banned or socially accepted drugs and although there can be a short
term benefit the longer term effects can cause major problems that stop people participating-
Alcohol can cause poor judgment and reduce co ordination etc.
• Psychological factors – personality, levels of motivation, levels of arousal, level of stress.

The following may also be considered if mentioned:

• Fashion / popularity Social factors work time / finance / transport / influence of family
and friends / religious /religion
 ANSWER TO QUESTION 3
(Here, a learner should either use cyclic OR tabular method. Never both!
CYCLIC METHOD

OR

TABULAR METHOD
 ANSWER TO QUESTION 4

(Answers should not relate to actions taken immediately prior to starting the activity as the
question is about the early planning of the activity.)

 Group age / level of experience / level of fitness and health / swimming ability
 Difficulty of activity / local dangers i.e tides etc. / appropriate condition of area
 General weather conditions / time of year (not check the weather reports)
 Number of adult supervision / experience – qualifications of adults.
 Emergency procedures i.e. safety boats etc.
 Quality of equipment to be used / safety equipment i.e. life jackets
 Ensure all students have some understanding of safety procedures
 Ensure safety / first aid / first aiders available
 ANSWER TO QUESTION 5
(Answers must relate to long distance running so there should be indication of the gradual
increase in responses for a mark to be awarded.)

 The heart will beat faster -increase is slower due to the type of event
 pulse rate increases
 Increase in blood flow to the muscles will be gradual as the race increase in pace
 Increase in the amount of waste products in the blood returning to the heart
 Stroke volume increases
 Arteries widen to prevent blood pressure from increasing
 Increase in the speed of gas exchange
 Tidal volume increases slightly
 The number of breathes increases – respiratory rate
 The minute volume increases – amount of air per minute

clivenet@yahoo.es
0973 390 572