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DHCP

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11 views2 pages

DHCP

Uploaded by

jahangirsaad511
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.

It is a network
management protocol used on IP networks to dynamically assign IP
addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices (such as
computers, smartphones, printers, etc.) so they can communicate within a
network.

Here are the key aspects and functionalities of DHCP:

1. IP Address Allocation: DHCP automates the process of assigning IP


addresses to devices. Instead of manually configuring each device with an IP
address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS servers, etc., DHCP dynamically
provides this information upon request.

2. Dynamic IP Address Assignment: DHCP allows IP addresses to be


leased to devices for a specific period, known as the lease time. When a
device connects to the network or when its lease expires, it can request a
renewal of its IP address lease.

3. Centralized Management: It provides a centralized and efficient way of


managing IP addresses within a network. Network administrators can
configure and manage a pool of available IP addresses, ensuring efficient use
and preventing address conflicts.

4. Simplified Network Configuration: Devices configured to use DHCP


can automatically obtain necessary network settings, reducing manual
configuration errors and streamlining the process of connecting devices to
the network.

5. DHCP Process Overview:

 DHCP Discovery: When a device joins a network, it sends out a DHCP


Discover message to find a DHCP server.
 DHCP Offer: A DHCP server responds to the Discover message with a
DHCP Offer, providing an available IP address and other network
configuration details.
 DHCP Request: The device sends a DHCP Request message,
confirming its acceptance of the offered IP address.
 DHCP Acknowledgment: Upon receiving the Request message, the
DHCP server sends a DHCP Acknowledgment, finalizing the IP address
lease and providing other necessary network settings.

6. DHCP Components:
 DHCP Server: A server running DHCP software that manages and
assigns IP addresses and network configuration information to
requesting devices.
 DHCP Client: Devices (computers, smartphones, etc.) that request
and receive IP addresses and network settings from DHCP servers.
 DHCP Relay Agent: Used in networks where DHCP servers are not on
the same subnet as the DHCP clients. The relay agent forwards DHCP
messages between clients and servers across different subnets.

DHCP greatly simplifies the management and allocation of IP addresses


within networks, providing flexibility and efficiency in assigning network
configuration parameters to devices while minimizing manual intervention by
network administrators.

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