LESSON GUIDE

SCIENCE 7
QUARTER 2 – WEEK 1

I. Attributes, Curriculum Content, Standards, and Lesson Competencies

A. Attributes: Key Stage 1. Critical Thinker and Articulate: Be able to

Outcome (Indicator) inquire, investigate, and convey ideas
systematically (Test hypothesis to validate ideas)
2. Lifelong Learner: Be able to take responsibility
for their own learning (Develops and improves
ideas and processes using technology and
Explores other means of learning)
B. Content Standard Learners learn that familiarity and proper use
of a compound microscope are essential to observe
cells.
C. Performance learners demonstrate understanding of the parts
Standard and function of a compound microscope and use
this to identify cell structure. They recognize that
the cell is the basic unit of life and that some
organisms are unicellular and some are
multicellular. They explain that there are two types
of cell division, and that reproduction can occur
through sexual or asexual processes. They use
diagrams to make connections between organisms
and their environment at various levels of
organization. They explain the process of energy
transfer through trophic levels in food chains
D. Learning Learning Competencies:
Competency and The learners shall be able to identify the parts and
Objectives functions, and demonstrate proper handling and
storing of a compound microscope (SC7Q2LC1-
A6KS3I3 & SC7Q2LC1-A6KS3I4)

Objectives
Learners shall be able to:
1. identify the parts of the compound
microscope;
2. determine the functions of the compound
microscope; and
3. demonstrate proper handling and storing of a
compound microscope.
E. Content Science equipment: the compound microscope

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F. Learning Materials a. Microscope d. Projector
b. Pictures e. Laptop
c. Books f. Printed materials
A. References • MATATAG Curriculum Guide
• Bangsamoro Basic Education Framework
• Dona, R. N., Espinosa, J. J., Rosas, R. A.,
Gaviola, J. M. (2024). Conceptual Science
and Beyond, pp. 81-89, Brilliant Creations
Publishing, Inc.
• Nadora, A. C., Pineda, R., Cerna, R.,
Villanueva, F. J. (2013). Conceptual Science
and Beyond, pp. 74-79, Brilliant Creations
Publishing, Inc.
• https://pixabay.com/vectors/microscope-
magnify-line-art-science-7290146/

II. Teaching and Learning Procedures

1. Engage
Activity: Guess the Image

Instruction:
1. Begin the class by showing images that are visible to the naked eye and
microscopic images.
2. Ask students to guess the images and share their initial thoughts and
questions.

_________________________ _________________________

_________________________ _________________________

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Guide Questions:
1. Are all the images visible to your naked eye?
2. How did you identify each image?
3. How do you think people study the smallest organism such as
bacteria?
4. What do you call the laboratory apparatus they used?

2. Explore

Guide the learners in exploring the different parts of compound

microscope through the Gallery Walk Activity.
Activity: Gallery walk
Objective: To identify the parts of a compound microscope.

Materials: Microscope Printed material (label)

https://pixabay.com/vectors/microscope-magnify-line-art-science-7290146/

Instruction:
1. Provide a printed copy of the different parts of compound microscope.
2. Place a microscope on the table for the activity.
3. Distribute the printed materials to each groups and divide it equally
with each member.
4. Ask learners to label the parts of microscope using their printed
material.
5. After all parts are labeled, review the outputs of each group.
6. Discuss each part and its importance.
7. Summarize the key points learned during the activity.

Note:
1. Hold the microscope properly
2. Clean each part using appropriate material
3. Return it to the proper casing

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 4. Store it in a clean and dry storage cabinet away from the laboratory
chemicals.

3. Explain

Facilitate the discussion through the following questions:

1. What do you think is a microscope?
2. Who do you think invented the first microscope?
3. Why is microscope invented?
The invention and development of the microscope allowed scientists to
make new insights into the body and disease. It’s not clear who invented the
first microscope, but the Dutch spectacle maker Zacharia Janssen is credited
with making one of the earliest compound microscopes (ones that used two
lenses) around 1600.

Body Tube Eyepiece

Revolving Nosepiece Arm

Low Power Objective Stage

Coarse Adjustment
High Power Objective Knob

Oil Immersion
Objective
Stage Clips

Diaphragm Fine Adjustment Knob

Mirror
Base

https://pixabay.com/vectors/microscope-magnify-line-art-science-7290146/

Microscope – is a device used to produce a magnified view of objects or

organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
Magnification – is the process of enlarging an image.

Resolution – refers to the clarity, sharpness, and fineness of an enhanced

image when viewed through an optical device. It is used to see finer details of
an object.
A compound microscope is an optical microscope that uses visible light to
form an image. It uses glass lenses to magnify and resolve images.
Parts and Functions of the Compound Microscope

A. Magnifying Parts

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 1. Eyepiece A lens attached to the upper end of the microscope where
a person looks through to observe a specimen. A
standard eyepiece typically has a 10x magnifying
capacity. Some, however, have 5x to 30x magnification.
2. Objective Magnifies the image you are going to observe in the
Lens microscope that ranges from 4x to 100x to 1000x when
coupled with a 10x eyepiece lens.
Objective Lenses

a. Lower Power Objective (LPO which has 10x magnification.

b. High Power Objective (HPO) which has 40x magnification.
c. Oil Immersion Objective which has 100x magnification.

B. Illuminating Parts

1. Diaphragm Controls the amount of light reaching the specimen.

2. Mirror Collects the light from the sun or from the artificial
source of light to make a specimen illuminator.
3. Condenser Used to collect and focus the light from the
illuminator on to the specimen.
4. Aperture A small hole in the stage through which light is
transmitted on to the specimen’s slide.

C. Mechanical Parts

1. Coarse Moves the body tube closer or farther away from the stage
Adjustment to view the image.
Knob
2. Fine Used to sharpen the lens’ focus on the specimen
Adjustment especially for higher magnifications.
Knob
3. Revolving A rotating disk which holds the objective lenses.
Nosepiece
4. Body Tube Holds and connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.
5. Stage A flat platform used to support and hold the slide in place.
6. Stage Clips These are used to hold the slide in place while it is on
stage.
7. Arm Supports the body tube and connects it to the base.
8. Base Serves as support for the whole microscope.
9. Rack Stop Determines the distance between the specimen and the
objective lenses. It prevents the ramming of the objective
lens into the slide when the coarse adjustment knob is
being used.

Proper Handling and Storing of a Compound Microscope

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 Instruct the learners to follow the following procedures in handling and
storing the microscope properly.

1. Use both hands to carry the microscope, holding the arm and base.
2. Position the microscope with the arm facing you and the stage towards
the light source.
3. Turn the coarse adjustment knob to raise the body tube.
4. Rotate the nosepiece to align the low-power lens over the stage opening.
5. Look through the eyepiece and adjust the diaphragm and mirror for
maximum light.
6. Place the slide on the stage, centring the specimen, and secure it with
stage clips.
7. Lower the body tube carefully using the coarse adjustment knob while
watching from the side to avoid contact with the slide.
8. Look through the eyepiece and use the coarse adjustment to raise the
body tube until the specimen is in focus.
9. Keep both eyes open to reduce strain and make drawing easier while
observing.
10. Switch to the high-power lens by rotating the nosepiece.
11. Use the fine adjustment knob to focus the specimen while looking
through the eyepiece.
12. Clean the lenses and stage after use, using only lens paper for the
lenses.

4. Elaborate

Instructing the learners to complete the table by supplying the correct

parts and function/s of a compound microscope. Let them answer the
essential questions.

Parts Function/s
1. Arm
2. Used to collect and focus the light from the
illuminator on to the specimen.
3. Stage Clips
4.
5. Eyepiece
6.
7. Serves as support for the whole microscope.
8.
9. A small hole in the stage through which light is
transmitted on to the specimen’s slide.
10. Objective Lens
11. Holds and connects the eyepiece to the objective
lenses.

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12. Controls the amount of light reaching the specimen.
13. Moves the body tube closer or farther away from the
stage to view the image.
14. Fine
Adjustment Knob
15. Determines the distance between the specimen and
the objective lenses.

Essential Questions:
1. What are the main parts of a compound microscope, and how do each
of these parts contribute to its overall function?

2. How does the magnification process work in a compound microscope,

and what role do the objective lenses and eyepiece play in this process?

3. What safety precautions should be taken to ensure the correct handling

and usage of a compound microscope?

4. Why is it important to understand the function of each part of the

microscope when preparing to use it for scientific observation?

5. What are the key steps involved in properly storing a compound

microscope to ensure its longevity and accuracy in future use?

5. Evaluate

I. True or False: Read each statement carefully. Determine whether the

statement is true or false based on your knowledge about the compound
microscope. Mark T if the statement is correct, or F if the statement is
incorrect on the space provided before each number.

_____1. The eyepiece lens is also known as the objective lens.

_____2. Coarse adjustment knobs are used for fine focusing of the specimen.
_____3. The stage clips are used to hold the slide in place on the stage.
_____4. The diaphragm controls the amount of light passing through the
specimen.
_____5. Immersion oil is used to improve the resolution under high
magnification.
_____6. To increase magnification, you should switch to a higher power
objective first before adjusting the focus.
_____7. The condenser lens focuses light onto the specimen.
_____8. Always start focusing with the fine adjustment knob when using
high magnification.
_____9. The arm of the microscope is used to carry it from place to place.
_____10. Microscope slides should be cleaned using water and a mild
detergent.

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II. Draw a compound microscope. Label its part and determine whether it is
magnifying, illuminating and mechanical parts.

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Answer Key:

Explore ( Activity: Gallery Walk) Evaluation

1. Body Tube
2. Revolving Nosepiece I. True or False
3. Low Power Objective (LPO) 1. False
4. High Power Objective (HPO) 2. False
5. Oil Immersion Objective 3. True
6. Stage Clips 4. True
7. Diaphragm 5. True
8. Mirror 6. False
9. Eyepiece 7. True
10. Arm 8. True
11. Stage 9. False
12. Coarse Adjustment Knob 10. True
13. Fine Adjustment Knob
14. Base

Elaborate

Parts Function/s
1. Arm Supports the body tube and connects it to the base.
2. Condenser Used to collect and focus the light from the
illuminator on to the specimen.
3. Stage Clips These are used to hold the slide in place while it is on
stage.
4. Mirror Collects the light from the sun or from the artificial
source of light to make a specimen illuminator.
5. Eyepiece A lens attached to the upper end of the microscope
where a person looks through to observe a specimen.
6. Stage A flat platform used to support and hold the slide in
place.
7. Base Serves as support for the whole microscope.
8. Revolving A rotating disk which holds the objective lenses.
Nosepiece
9. Aperture A small hole in the stage through which light is
transmittaed on to the specimen’s slide.
10. Objective Lens Magnifies the image you are going to observe in the
microscope.

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11. Body Tube Holds and connects the eyepiece to the objective
lenses.
12. Diaphragm Controls the amount of light reaching the specimen.
13. Coarse Moves the body tube closer or farther away from the
Adjustment Knob stage to view the image.
14. Fine Used to sharpen the lens’ focus on the specimen
Adjustment Knob especially for higher magnifications.
15. Rack Stop Determines the distance between the specimen and
the objective lenses.

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