Practice Test 17

Reading and Writing

27 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each

question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage

and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).

All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a

single best answer.

Ancient Greek philosophers tried to reconcile There is no point in combing through the director’s

contemporary notions of change and stability in the work for hints of ideological significance. It is

physical composition of the world around them. They unnecessary: his ideology—Marxist, anti-imperialist,

did so by postulating the existence of the atom. For aligned with the perceived interests of the powerless

them, the atom was ________ particle from which all and the marginal—is the chief impetus of his films. The

other varieties of matter are formed. clarity and force of that ideology are considerable, but

its ________ sometimes bothers critics, who often scold

Which choice completes the text with the most logical the director for lacking subtlety.

and precise word or phrase? Which choice completes the text with the most logical

A) a munificent and precise word or phrase?

B) a mythical A) bluntness

C) an indivisible B) obscurity

D) a feasible C) feebleness

D) lucidity

1
Kept ______ by cloying commercial radio and clueless Starting in the autumn of 2006, beekeepers in several
record executives, the American popular music scene different states across the US began reporting
has frequently depended on cities at the edges of the unusually large losses in their bee colonies, ranging
cultural map to provide a much-needed shot of from 50 to 90 percent. These outbreaks, now known
originality. The momentary consensus about what the collectively as Colony Collapse Disorder, did not seem
next big thing is seems to come out of nowhere—as if to be attributable to any specific cause of stress or
someone blows a whistle only those in the know can disease. Since then, there has been a flurry of media
hear, and suddenly record executives and journalists stories filled with dramatic and dire predictions about
are crawling all over what had previously been an how this phenomenon is bound to devastate the
obscure locale. nation’s entire food supply, as honeybees are one of

the major insects responsible for pollinating a variety

Which choice completes the text with the most logical
of agricultural crops grown in the US.
and precise word or phrase?

A) hidebound As used in the text, what does the word “bound” most
B) liberated nearly mean?
C) obligated A) certain
D) orthodoxy B) obliged

C) resolved

D) confined

2
I accompanied Thiam for the ritualistic morning What embodies the bounty of nature better than an

greetings. It took a long time to complete the full circle. ear of corn? With a twist of the wrist it is easily plucked

As we moved in our orbit, I noticed others circulating in from the stalk with no waste or fuss. It is packed with

theirs. The entire village was in motion, and from all tasty, nutritious kernels that are larger and more

directions one could hear “How did you sleep?” numerous than those of other grains. Wrapped up in a

followed by inquiries about each family member’s protective leafy husk, corn appears to be a gift from

sleep. As we walked the village, it became clear that in nature. But appearances can be deceptive. A cultivated

the tradition of its inhabitants, and even in their field of corn, or any other crop, is a human made as a

imagination, the concept of divided, differentiated, microchip. Much as we like to think of farming as

segmented space does not exist. There are no fences, natural, farmed land is as much a technological

hedges, nets, ditches, or demarcation lines anywhere. landscape as a biological one.

The space is single, communal, open; it puts up no

Which choice best describes the function of the
limits, offers no resistance.
underlined sentence in the overall structure of the text?

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text? A) It serves as an example

A) Recall a favorite pastime B) It summarizes previous comments

B) Illuminate a cultural concept C) It answers an objection

C) Justify an unpopular conclusion D) It shift the focus

D) Describe a dying tradition

3
The binary planet hypothesis that Earth and the Moon It may be misery not to sing at all

formed simultaneously by the accretion of smaller And to go silent through the brimming day.

objects does not explain why the Moon’s iron core is so It may be sorrow never to be loved,

small relative to the Moon’s total volume, compared But deeper griefs than these beset the way.

with Earth’s core relative to Earth’s total volume.

To have come near to sing the perfect song
According to the giant-impact hypothesis, the Moon
And only by a half-tone lost the key,
was created during a collision between Earth and a
There is the potent sorrow, there the grief,
large object about the size of Mars. Computer
The pale, sad staring of life’s tragedy.
simulations of this impact show that both of the objects

would melt in the impact and the dense core of the This, this it is to be accursed indeed;
impactor would fall as molten rock into the liquefied For if we mortals love, or if we sing,
iron core of Earth. The ejected matter mantle rock that We count our joys not by the things we have,
had surrounded the cores of both objects would be But by what kept us from the perfect thing.
almost devoid of iron. This matter would become the

Moon. What is the main idea of the poem?

A) It is better to have loved and lost than never to

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the have loved at all.

text? B) Life’s greatest sorrow is to come near to a

A) The development of one theory into another is great thing and never reach it.

outlined. C) Perfection in everything is the speaker’s one

B) Two explanations are provided, both of which ambition.

are revealed as inadequate. D) Life’s greatest joy is to find true love, because

C) A theory is presented, and then evidence that true love lasts forever.

undermines that theory is discussed.

D) A flawed hypothesis is introduced, and then an

alternative hypothesis is presented.

4
In between school days, we gathered hazelnuts, fished, The initial exhibition of quilts by the women of Gee’s

had long deer-hunting weekends, went to powwows, Bend exploded into the world of modern art with great

beaded on looms, and made quilts. I did not question fanfare, rocking critics who generally dismiss cloth art.

the necessity or value of our school education, but The quilts are made by descendants of slaves, who live

somehow I grew up knowing it wasn’t the only in the small rural community in Alabama called Gee’s

education I would need. I’m thankful for those Bend, once the site of cotton plantations. These

experiences of my Anishinaabe heritage, because now I women spend their spare time splicing scraps of old

know by heart not only the national anthem, but the cloth to make robust objects of refined, abstract

ancient song of the loon. I recognize not only the designs. The best of them, unusually minimalist and

alphabet and the parts of an English sentence, but the spare, are so gorgeous that it is hard to know how to

intricate language of a beaver’s teeth and tail. begin to account for them. But then, good art can

never be fully accounted for, just described.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

A) The author preferred certain academic Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

subjects over others A) Describe the accomplishments of a famous

B) The author succeeded in learning to speak artist.

many foreign languages B) Recount the historical origins of a rural

C) The author valued knowledge of the natural community.

world more than book learning C) Explain the technique of quilt making to

D) The author learned many important things beginners.

both in and out of school D) Call attention to a set of impressive works of

art.

5
A Study in Scarlet is Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s first story
in his acclaimed Sherlock Holmes series. In the novel,

Dr. Watson expresses surprise that Holmes is ignorant

of Copernican theory and the composition of the solar

system. This strongly suggests that Holmes believes

that the brain is limited in capacity, so you should

prioritize what you learn.

Which quotation from the novel most effectively

illustrates the claim?

A) “His ignorance was as remarkable as his

knowledge. Of contemporary literature, It has long been known that the sea otters living along
philosophy and politics he appeared to know the West Coast of North America help keep kelp forests
next to nothing.” in their habitat healthy and vital. They do this by
B) “Of contemporary literature, philosophy and feeding on sea urchins and other herbivorous
politics he appeared to know next to nothing. invertebrates that graze voraciously on kelp. With sea
Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired otters to keep the population of sea urchins in check,
in the naivest way who he might be and what kelp forests can flourish. In fact, ____________________
he had done”

C) “That any civilized human being in this Which choice most effectively uses the data from the

nineteenth century should not be aware that graph to complete the text?

the earth travelled round the sun appeared to A) the presence of sea otters for two years or less

be to me such an extraordinary fact that I will completely eliminate sea urchins in a

could hardly realize it.” coastal area.

D) “It is of the highest importance, therefore, not B) even two years or less of sea otter presence

to have useless facts elbowing out the useful can reduce the sea urchin threat.

ones.” C) kelp density increases proportionally as sea

urchin density increases.

D) even after sea otters were present for ten

years or more, kelp density was still lower than

sea urchin density.

6
 One Two Three Four Five Six Seven

Remove Removes Removes Removes Removes Removes Removes

Raven 80% 75% 70% 25% 20% 5% 0%

Siberian Jay 95% 90% 90% 85% 80% 80% 75%

Magpie 85% 75% 60% 60% 35% 10% 10%

Blue Jay 65% 50% 40% 25% 10% 0% 0%

In October of 2015, a group of researchers from the University of Zurich published evidence of one of this raven

relative’s remarkable abilities the Siberian Jay’s aptitude for recognizing distant relatives within its own species.

Such an aptitude is rare among animals: according to Science Daily, “in few mammal, bird, and fish species,

individuals can recognize unfamiliar siblings,” to say nothing of more distant kin.

Which choice best describes data from the table that support the text’s claim about “the Siberian Jay’s aptitude for

recognizing distant relatives within its own species.”

A) the recognition rate among Siberian Jays is high even for far-removed relatives.

B) only Siberian Jays are capable of reliably recognizing far-removed relatives.

C) magpies can also recognize a large number of relatives at three or four removes.

D) ravens and Siberian Jays share the same percentage

7
One tax-reform proposal that has gained increasing support in recent years is the flat tax, which would impose a

uniform tax rate on incomes at every level. Opponents of the flat tax say that a progressive tax system, which

levies a higher rate of taxes on higher-income taxpayers, is fairer, placing the greater burden on those better able

to bear it. However, the present crazy quilt of tax deductions, exemptions, credits, and loopholes benefits

primarily the high-income taxpayer, who is consequently able to reduce his or her effective tax rate, often to a

level below that paid by the lower-income taxpayer. Therefore, _________________________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) high-income taxpayers are likely to lend their support to the flat-tax proposal now being considered by

Congress.

B) a flat-tax system that allowed no deductions or exemptions would substantially increase actual

government revenues.

C) the lower-income taxpayer might well be penalized by the institution of a flat-tax system in this country

D) the progressive nature of our present tax system is more illusory than real

They call her Diane of the Wolves. Wildlife biologist As American businesses explore overseas markets,

Diane Boyd studies wolves in their native habitat in a they learn firsthand how languages ______ can stand in

remote wilderness in the Northwest. the way of trade. After experiencing a period of slow

____________________ thirty-five miles from the nearest gasoline sales in a new foreign market, an American oil

paved road. It has no running water, electricity, or company learned that its name in the foreign nation’s

phone, and Glacier National Park is just across the river language means “stalled car.”

that flows past her cabins’ door.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

the conventions of Standard English? A) differences

A) It being her base, Boyd’s eighty-year-old cabin B) differences, which

is C) differences that

B) Her base is an eighty-year-old cabin D) differences of which

C) Being an eighty-year-old cabin, it is her base

D) Boyd's cabin, it being an eighty-year-old base,

is

8
While New ______ sometimes take Central Park for About 450 million years ago, ________ rested on the

granted, visitors are often astonished to discover its floor of an ancient sea. After aeons of erosion,

size and variety. Nestled in the very center of the accelerated by the Ice Age, the landscape began to

nation’s largest city are 843 acres of wooded and assume its modern appearance. By the time European

landscaped grounds containing lakes and ponds, bogs settlers arrived, the entire island was an

and meadows, a castle, a zoo, and an enormous range oak-and-chestnut woodland, populated by black bears,

of wildlife. wolves, and beavers. Within the next 200 years,

however, the forests were cleared for farming, and the

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
animals were eliminated by hunters and trappers.
the conventions of Standard English?

A) Yorker’s Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

B) Yorker’s, the conventions of Standard English?

C) Yorkers A) what is now park

D) Yorkers’ B) that which is now park, but was not then

C) that park, which then was not one,

D) it wasn’t a park then, but it

By the mid-nineteenth century, central ________ barren In 1857 Frederick Olmsted and Calvert Vaux were given

of trees, creating a desolate area of swamps, hovels, the enormous task of transforming Manhattan into a

and pigsties. Over 200 million years ago, the shifting of park. Their intention was not to create a formal garden

the earth’s surface squeezed present-day Manhattan with meticulously trimmed hedges, as in the European

up into mountains over 12,000 feet high. tradition, but a natural-looking landscape. They

undertook the project with confidence and enterprise,

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
______________ nearly five million cubic yards of rock
the conventions of Standard English?
and earth.
A) Manhattan, being

B) Manhattan being Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

C) Manhattan, which was the conventions of Standard English?

D) Manhattan was A) overturning

B) they overturn

C) they overturned

D) they having overturned

9
Recently I came across a series of magazine articles In the Middle Ages, however, the ability to write wasn’t

______ various people described their most memorable common, even among royalty. Narratives such as the

eating experiences. Many of those interviewed raved heroic epic Beowulf and the mournful poem The

about the perfect seven-course meal they had once Seafarer were passed on through spoken word for
been served in a grand and expensive restaurant. centuries. The position of scop required not only great

Some reminisced about romantic picnics—meals made memorization skills (performances could last from

memorable by the diners’ companions rather than by several minutes to several days) but also the ability to

the food consumed. compose epic works on a regular basis. Scops became

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the keepers of poems, songs, and even the histories of

the conventions of Standard English? their people. Skilled scops were valued so highly in

A) which Anglo-Saxon society that they were sometimes granted

B) that extra rewards for their talents. There are, _________

C) in which several records of royals giving land to deserving

D) when scops.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical

transition?

A) generally,

B) in other words,

C) nonetheless,

D) in fact,

Wadhwa’s research has shed light on the early history of the solar system. ________ a 2010 study she cowrote

found that the solar system is likely 1.9 million years older than the previous estimate. In 2013, Wadhwa and two

colleagues discovered evidence that a supernova that exploded before the planets formed likely seeded our solar

system with many essential elements.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) For example,

B) In other words,

C) Even so,

D) Instead,

10
At most studios, performers worked from previously arranged sheet music. ________ Stax musicians

spontaneously composed music together, a practice called head arranging. Otis Redding might walk in and sing a

few lyrics to the band. The other musicians would riff on his idea until a complete song emerged from the

collaboration. Then, they’d record the song without ever putting the notes on paper.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) For example,

B) In contrast,

C) Likewise,

D) Besides,

Gravel and dolomite prairies were never very common in Illinois, and can be found primarily in northern Illinois.

Gravel and dolomite prairies can be rather flat, or slightly hilly. ______ the original gravel and dolomite prairies

have been largely destroyed by modern development. They tend to be rather dry and well drained.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) Yet,

B) However,

C) Unfortunately,

D) Accordingly,

11
While researching a topic, a student has taken the While researching a topic, a student has taken the

following notes: following notes:

● Ancient Native American and Australian Aboriginal ● Gaspar Enriquez is an artist.

cultures described the Pleiades star cluster as having ● He specializes in portraits of Mexican Americans.

seven stars. ● A portrait is an artistic representation of a person.

● It was referred to as the Seven Sisters in the ● Enriquez completed a painting of the sculptor Luis

mythology of ancient Greece. Jimenez in 2003.

● Today, the cluster appears to have only six stars. ● He completed a drawing of the writer Rudolfo Anaya

● Two of the stars have moved so close together that in 2016.

they now appear as one. The student wants to emphasize a difference between

The student wants to specify the reason the Pleiades’ the two portraits. Which choice most effectively uses

appearance changed. Which choice most effectively relevant information from the notes to accomplish this

uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish goal?

this goal? A) The portraits, or artistic representations, of

A) Ancient Native American and Australian Luis Jimenez and Rudolfo Anaya were both

Aboriginal cultures described the Pleiades, completed by Enriquez in the early 2000s.

which was referred to in Greek mythology as B) Enriquez has completed portraits of numerous

the Seven Sisters, as having seven stars. Mexican Americans, including sculptor Luis

B) Although once referred to as the Seven Sisters, Jimenez and writer Rudolfo Anaya.

the Pleiades appears to have only six stars C) While both are by Enriquez, the 2003 portrait

today. of Luis Jimenez is a painting, and the 2016

C) In the time since ancient cultures described portrait of Rudolfo Anaya is a drawing.

the Pleiades as having seven stars, two of the D) Luis Jimenez was a Mexican American sculptor,

cluster’s stars have moved so close together and Rudolfo Anaya was a Mexican American

that they now appear as one. writer.

D) The Pleiades has seven stars, but two are so

close together that they appear to be a single

star

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

12
 Reading and Writing
27 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each

question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage

and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).

All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a

single best answer

The lizards snapped up insects that are so noxious that An innovation of the eighteenth-century cookbook

other potential predators avoid them. Among the writer Mary Cole was that in her work she ______ the

lizards’ prey were some beetles that they initially earlier books from which her recipes were drawn. Even

rejected because the insects were spraying their hot, in those numerous instances in which she had collated

irritant defense chemical at the time. Yet even these into a single version, which she could have called her

produced no apparent ill effects, since the lizards, own, the recipes of several earlier writers, she took

having eaten, proceeded on their way ______ enough. pains to cite them.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical Which choice completes the text with the most logical

and precise word or phrase? and precise word or phrase?

A) erratically A) preserved

B) laboriously B) enhanced

C) nonchalantly C) acknowledged

D) nutritiously D) sought

13
Bureaucrats tend to ______ their authority jealously. So One of the rarest of celestial events, the total solar

it is surprising that the European Commission is eclipse only happens when the Moon, in its orbit

proposing to hand back some of its antitrust powers to around the Earth, fully _________ the view of the sun

national governments. Such a willingness to devolve from a particular location on Earth. Because the Moon

power is quite encouraging. Perhaps the commission, is relatively small, in celestial terms, and its umbra, the

so often a byword for meddling, bungling, and even central part of the Moon’s shadow caused by its

corruption, is starting to put its house in order blocking the sun, only traces a narrow path on the

following the forced resignation of the previous lot of Earth, a total eclipse is such a atypical occurrence that

commissioners last year. it typically draws hundreds of thousands of onlookers.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical Which choice completes the text with the most logical

and precise word or phrase? and precise word or phrase?

A) value A) occludes

B) guard B) epitomizes

C) shirk C) secularizes

D) misuse D) excavates

14
Text 1

Any wildlife biologist can tell you how many deer a given area can support—how much browse there is for the

deer to eat before they begin to suppress the reproduction of trees, before they begin to starve in the winter. Any

biologist can calculate how many wolves a given area can support too, in part by counting the number of deer.

And so on, up and down the food chain. It’s not an exact science, but it comes pretty close—at least compared to

figuring out the carrying capacity of Earth for human beings, which is an art so dark that anyone with any sense

stays away from it.

Text 2

Estimates of the number of humans that Earth can sustain have ranged in recent decades from fewer than 15 a

billion to more than a trillion. Such elasticity is probably unavoidable, since “carrying capacity” is essentially a

subjective term. It makes little sense to talk about carrying capacity in relationship to humans, who are capable of

adapting and altering both their culture and their physical environment, and can thus defy any formula that

might settle the matter. The number of people that Earth can support depends on how we on Earth want to live,

on what we want to consume, and on what we regard as a crowd.

Both texts support which of the following conclusions about Earth’s carrying capacity for humans?

A) It is routinely underestimated by biologists.

B) It cannot be easily determined, given numerous variables and unknowns.

C) It has only recently become the subject of considerable scientific debate.

D) It has increased as a result of recent technological innovations.

15
The following text is from Emily Dickinson’s 1859 poem “Success is counted sweetest.”

Success is counted sweetest

By those who ne'er succeed.

To comprehend a nectar

Requires sorest need.

Not one of all the Purple Host

Who took the Flag today

Can tell the definition

So clear of Victory

As he defeated – dying –

On whose forbidden ear

The distant strains of triumph

Burst agonized and clear.

Which choice best describes the main idea of the text?

A) Life is a zero-sum game

B) Success is valued most by those who have it least

C) Those who long for success are similar to honey bees that desire nectar.

D) Only soldiers understand what success actually means.

16
In the Federalist Number Ten, James Madison forewarned against the dangers of factions—groups of people with

common interest adverse to the overall good of the nation, what today are referred to as “special interest

groups.” Madison described two hypothetical ways to check a faction: Either eliminate the causes or mitigate the

effects of the faction. To eliminate the causes, the government would either have to make all people perfectly

equal, an impossible goal, or take away people’s liberty and thus defeat the purpose of having a republican form

of government. Madison argued, alternatively, for ameliorating the effects of factions by enlarging the population

of the country and thus diluting their influence. If there are a sufficient number of diverse peoples, it will be

difficult for a majority to share a common interest at the same time.

According to the text, why does Madison believe it necessary to check a faction?

A) Madison considered factions to be detrimental to the common welfare.

B) Madison thought factions were a way to encourage population growth.

C) Madison relied on factions to support the republican style of government.

D) Madison accepted factions as a consequence of allowing people to participate in government.

The Catilinarian Orations are a set of speeches to the Roman Senate given in 63 BC by Marcus Tullius Cicero, one
of the year's consuls, accusing a senator, Lucius Sergius Catilina (Catiline), of leading a plot to overthrow the
Roman Senate.

Since this is the case, do you hesitate, O Catiline, to depart to some distant land? Make a motion to the senate

and if this body votes that you ought to go into banishment, you say that you will obey. I will not make such a

motion, it is contrary to my principles, and yet I will let you see what these men think of you. Do you not perceive,

do you not see the silence of these men? They permit it, they say nothing; why wait you for the authority of their

words, when you see their wishes in their silence?

According to the text, the “silence” of the senators indicates which of the following?

A) Their hostility toward Catiline

B) Their unwillingness to execute Cataline

C) Their concern with morality

D) Their disagreement with the orator

17
In the January 8, 1918, address to Congress, President Woodrow Wilson proposed a 14-point program for world

peace. These points were later taken as the basis for peace negotiations at the end of World War I. In the speech,

Wilson argues that to preserve peace, nations must work to resolve conflicts originating from imperial conquests:

____________

Which quotation from the speech most effectively illustrates the claim?

A) “A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims…”

B) “Belgium ... must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she

enjoys in common with all other free nations ....

C) “The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade

conditions among all the nations consenting ....”

D) “Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas ... alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be

closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants”

In the 1920s, President Herbert Hoover promised a “chicken in every pot,” but agricultural science had trouble

keeping the chickens alive long enough to be edible. A mysterious pox was killing chickens in droves. Goldhaft

came to the rescue. His Vineland Poultry Laboratories developed a reliable means for shipping the vaccine to all

parts of the world, thus ensuring that everyone, not just those in Vineland, could have a “chicken in his pot.” Since

1909, chicken consumption in the United States ______________ as pork consumption has remained relatively

constant.

Which choice most effectively uses the data from the graph to complete the text?

A) peaked in the 1960s and 1970s,

B) has decreased slightly,

C) has grown by nearly 500%,

D) dropped precipitately in the 1980s,

18
Motorists in a certain country frequently complain that traffic congestion is much worse now than it was20 years

ago. No real measure of how much traffic congestion there was 20 years ago exists, but themotorists’ complaints

are almost certainly unwarranted.The country’s highway capacity has tripled in the last twenty years, thanks to a

vigorous highway construction program, whereas the number of automobiles registered in the country has

increased by only 75 percent.

Which of the following, if true, most directly weakens the argument?

A) Most automobile travel is local, and the networks of roads and streets in the country’s settled areas have

changed little over the last 20 years.

B) Gasoline prices are high, and miles traveled per car per year have not changed much over the last 20

years.

C) The country’s urban centers have well‐developed public transit systems that carry most of the people

who commute into those centers.

D) The average age of automobiles registered in the country is lower now than it was 20 years ago.

19
During the 1980s, many economic historians studying Latin America focused on the impact of the Great

Depression of the 1930s. Most of these historians argued that although the Depressionbegan earlier in Latin

America than in the UnitedStates, it was less severe in Latin America and did not significantly impede industrial

growth there.The historians’ argument was grounded in national government records concerning tax revenues

and exports and in government‐sponsored industrial censuses, from which historians have drawn conclusions

about total manufacturing output and profit levels across Latin America. However,economic statistics published

by Latin American Governments in the early twentieth century are neither reliable nor consistent; this is especially

true of manufacturing data, which were gathered from factory owners for taxation purposes and which therefore

may well be distorted. Moreover,one cannot assume a direct correlation between the output level and the profit

level of a given industry as these variables often move in opposite directions. Finally, national and regional

economies are composed of individual firms and industries,and relying on general, sweeping economic

indicators may mask substantial variations among these different enterprises. For example, recent analyses of

previously unexamined data on textile manufacturing in Brazil and Mexico suggest that theGreat Depression had

a more severe impact on thisLatin American industry than scholarshad recognized.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author’s assertion regarding economic indicators in

the underlined statement ?

A) During an economic depression, European textile manufacturers’ profits rise while their industrial output

remains steady.

B) During a national economic recession, United States microchips manufacturers’ profits rise sharply while

United States steel manufacturers’ profits plunge.

C) During the years following a severe economic depression, textile manufacturers’ output levels and profit

levels increase in Brazil and Mexico but not in the rest of Latin America.

D) Although Japanese industry as a whole recovers after an economic recession, it does not regain its

previously high levels of production.

20
 Using broad‐spectrum weed killers on weeds that are
Davison River farmers are currently deciding between
competing with crops for sunlight, water, and nutrients
planting winter wheat this fall or spring wheat next
presents a difficulty: how to keep the crop from being
spring. Winter wheat and spring wheat are usually
killed along with the weeds. For at least some food
about equally profitable. Because of new government
crops, specially treated seed that produces plants
restrictions on the use of Davison River water for
resistant to weed killers is under development. This
irrigation, per acre yields for winter wheat, though not
resistance wears off as the plants mature. Therefore,
for spring wheat, would be much lower than average.
the special seed treatment will be especially useful for
Therefore, planting spring wheat will be more
plants that ________.
profitable than planting winter wheat, since ________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Which choice most logically completes the text?
A) produce their crop over an extended period of
A) the smaller‐than‐average size of a winter
time, as summer squash does
wheat harvest this year would not be
B) produce large seeds that are easy to treat
compensated for by higher winter wheat
individually, as corn and beans do
prices
C) provide, as they approach maturity, shade
B) new crops of spring wheat must be planted
dense enough to keep weeds from growing
earlier than the time at which standing crops
D) are cultivated specifically for the seed they
of winter wheat are ready to be harvested
produce rather than for their leaves or roots
C) the spring wheat that farmers in the Davison

River region plant is well adapted to the soil of

the region

D) planting spring wheat is more profitable than

planting certain other crops, such as rye

21
The most serious flaw in television’s coverage of election campaigns is its tendency to focus on the horse-race

side of politics—that is, to concentrate on the question “Who’s winning?” at the expense of substantive coverage

of the issues and the candidates’ positions on them. The endless interviews with campaign managers, discussions

of campaign strategies, and, especially, the obsession with opinion polls have surrounded elections with the

atmosphere of a football game or a prizefight. To reform this situation, a first step might well be ___________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) a shortening of the length of election campaigns to a period of six weeks

B) a stringent limit on campaign spending.

C) a reduction in the television coverage of opinion polls during election campaigns.

D) the publication and distribution of voter-education literature to inform the public about each candidate’s

position on the major issues.

Last June while I was visiting family in Maine, my uncle Lee invited me, a total city girl, to ____________________ for

his boat. He’s a teacher, but in the summer he salvages sunken logs from lakes and sells them. So one morning

we walked to the dock and readied the pontoon, a versatile type of boat that’s essentially a platform atop two

hollow metal flotation cylinders.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) his “summer office”—a nickname

B) his “summer office” (a nickname)

C) his: “summer office,” a nickname

D) his “summer office” a nickname

22
After a chilly ride across Moosehead Lake, we reached Meenakshi Wadhwa was pursuing her PhD when a

a bay that Uncle Lee had tagged on his GPS. He professor asked ___________________ from Mars. Wadhwa

activated the boat’s ______________ slowly forward as we was struck by how similar the rock’s chemical makeup

watched a monitor. Soon, ghostly images appeared on was to that of Earth rocks. The idea that she could learn

the screen, showing what looked like a jumble of about the composition of distant worlds by studying

matchsticks on the lake bottom. They weren’t meteorites has driven Wadhwa’s career ever since.

matchsticks, of course, but sunken logs.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

the conventions of Standard English? A) her, if she wanted to see a meteorite

A) sonar, and piloted B) her if she wanted to see a meteorite

B) sonar, and piloted, C) her, if she wanted to see a meteorite,

C) sonar and piloted, D) her, if she wanted to see a meteorite

D) sonar and piloted

In 2006, Meenakshi Wadha became the director of the Center for Meteorite Studies at Arizona State University.

With more than 1,800 space rocks, including samples from _____________ meteorite collection Wadhwa oversees is

the largest at any university. Because meteorites contain material that predates Earth, Wadhwa and her

colleagues can learn about the elements that were present when the Sun, planets, and moons formed.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) Mars and the asteroid belt. Making the

B) Mars, and the asteroid belt; the

C) Mars and the asteroid belt. The

D) Mars and the asteroid belt, the

23
Stax Records of Memphis, Tennessee, _______________ Detroit’s Motown, but its contributions to 1960s American

soul music were no less significant. The southern soul coming out of Stax had a grittier, funkier sound than

Motown’s, blending elements of country, gospel, and rhythm & blues.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) maybe less renowned than

B) may be less renowned than

C) may be less renowned then

D) maybe less renowned then

Starting in 2007, volunteers around the __________ via In 1831, Victor Hugo published his novel, which offers a

the Internet to cutting-edge astronomical research. sweeping and brutal look at issues of class and power

Galaxy Zoo, a website developed at Oxford University, in France. The first novel to have beggars as

achieved an immediate and extraordinary success, protagonists, the book also features the cathedral itself

surprising even the astronomers who created it. as a central character. So popular was the story that

one of its effects was to spur the restoration of the

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to _______ Hugo had portrayed as teetering on the brink of

the conventions of Standard English? utter deterioration.

A) world began contributing

B) world began, contributing Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

C) world, began contributing the conventions of Standard English?

D) world began contributing, A) cathedral, and

B) cathedral, which

C) cathedral. In the book,

D) cathedral. The author

24
Every year, thirteen million people visit Notre Dame de Crucial to the functioning of the circadian rhythm is

Paris. They waited in long lines to view the brilliant melatonin, a light-sensitive hormone secreted by the

stained glass of the famed rose windows, to gaze at the brain. Melatonin promotes sleep. When the retina

horned and gaping gargoyles, and to feel small detects bright light, the body suppresses melatonin to

beneath the vaulted ceilings and flying buttresses of encourage wakefulness. ____ melatonin production

the cathedral considered by many to be the premier increases when light levels drop, inducing drowsiness.

example of French Gothic architecture in the world. Blue wavelengths of light are particularly adept at

There would likely be no cathedral to visit, _______ if not slowing melatonin release.

for Victor Hugo’s epic novel Notre-Dame de Paris,

Which choice completes the text with the most logical
commonly known as The Hunchback of Notre-Dame.
transition?

Which choice completes the text with the most logical A) Still,

transition? B) Nevertheless,

A) for instance, C) Specifically,

B) last but not least, D) Conversely,

C) in other words,

D) though,

When Donald Yellowbird Montileaux first began to make art, he adopted the traditions of his Lakota ancestors,

painting images of tribal life on buffalo hides that he tanned himself. It was when he discovered a second

tradition, one begun after buffalo grew scarce on the plains, that he started to develop his own artistic style on

the pages of antique ledgers. ________ he joined a growing number of contemporary artists in reviving ledger art.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) In contrast,

B) In particular,

C) In doing so,

D) Instead,

25
Morse code can prove valuable in ensuring public safety when more sophisticated equipment fails. Air traffic

controllers can revert to Morse code if radar or satellite signals are interrupted. Similarly, amateur radio

operators can use the code during weather emergencies to solicit information from outside the affected area.

The news they relay can keep people safe and informed. New communication technologies will continue to

emerge, ________ Morse code, with its lack of sophistication, could remain just as effective an asset.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) meanwhile

B) however,

C) but

D) and

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

● Started in 1925, the Scripps National Spelling Bee is a US-based spelling competition.

● The words used in the competition have diverse linguistic origins.

● In 2008, Sameer Mishra won by correctly spelling the word “guerdon.”

● “Guerdon” derives from the Anglo-French word “guerdun.”

● In 2009, Kavya Shivashankar won by correctly spelling the word “Laodicean.”

● “Laodicean” derives from the ancient Greek word “Laodíkeia.”

The student wants to emphasize a difference in the origins of the two words. Which choice most effectively uses

relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A) “Guerdon,” the final word of the 2008 Scripps National Spelling Bee, is of Anglo-French origin, while the

following year’s final word, “Laodicean,” derives from ancient Greek.

B) In 2008, Sameer Mishra won the Scripps National Spelling Bee by correctly spelling the word “guerdon”;

however, the following year, Kavya Shivashankar won based on spelling the word “Laodicean.”

C) Kavya Shivashankar won the 2009 Scripps National Spelling Bee by correctly spelling “Laodicean,” which

derives from the ancient Greek word “Laodíkeia.”

D) The Scripps National Spelling Bee uses words from diverse linguistic origins, such as “guerdon” and

“Laodicean.”

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module in

the test.

26
Math
22 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is

permitted for all questions.

NOTES

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.

• Figures provided are drawn to scale.

• All figures lie in a plane.

• The domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

REFERENCE

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.

The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

27
 For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct answer from

the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book. Circle only one answer

for each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle. You will not get

credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no

answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write your

answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

● Once you've written your answer, circle it clearly. You will not receive credit for anything

written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.

● If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.

● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters

(including the negative sign) for a negative answer, but no more.

● If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), write the decimal equivalent.

● If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.

● If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½ 2 ), write it as an improper fraction (7/2)

or its decimal equivalent (3.5).

● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled

answer

28
What is the solution of 9𝑛 + 20 =− 16 ? 10𝑣 − 6𝑡 = 3, 310

A) − 4 The equation above models the relationship

B) −
20 between the speed of sound 𝑣 , in meters per
9
second, in dry air, and the temperature of the air 𝑡, in
C)
4
9
degrees Celsius. Which of the following expresses 𝑣
D) 4
in terms of 𝑡 ?

A)
3
𝑣= 5
𝑡 + 331

B)
5
𝑣= 3
𝑡 + 551. 7

C)
3
𝑣= 5
𝑣 + 331

D) 𝑣 =
5
3
𝑣 + 551. 7

Right triangles 𝐴𝐵𝐶 and 𝑋𝑌𝑍 below are similar. What is the tangent of angle 𝑍 ?

A)
3
5

B)
3
4

C)
4
3

D)
5
3

The equation 5𝑞 + 7𝑟 = 𝑡 can be used to determine the total charges, 𝑡, in dollars, for an order of

sandwiches and salads from Dilini’s Catering. If 𝑞 represents the number of sandwiches in the order, and 𝑟

represents the number of salads in the order, which of the following is the best interpretation of the number

7 in this content?

A) The number of salads in the order.

B) The number of sandwiches in the order.

C) The charge, in dollars, for each salad.

D) The charge, in dollars, for each sandwich.

29
 For a service visit, a technician charges a $38 fee
5

Which of the following is equivalent to , where

2
𝑥
plus an additional $12 for every hour of work. If
1
4
𝑥 > 0?
5 the technician’s total charge was $158, for how much
A)
𝑥

time, in hours, did the technician charge?

2
𝑥

B)
5 2
𝑥 −𝑥

C)
5
𝑥

D) ( 𝑥)
5 2

2
3(1 − 𝑥) =− 3𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 10 = 0

In the equation above, 𝑏 is a constant. If the The quadratic equation above has solutions

equation has no solution, which of the following 𝑥 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 and 𝑥 = 𝑎 − 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are

must be true? constants. What is the value of ?

𝑏
𝑎

A) 𝑏 ≠− 3

B) 𝑏 ≠− 1

C) 𝑏≠ 1

D) 𝑏 ≠ 3

What values of 𝑥 satisfy 𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 6 = 9𝑥 + 3 ?

2
4𝑥 − 2𝑦 > 8

A) 1 and 3 Which of the following ordered pairs (𝑥, 𝑦) are in the

solution set for the inequality above?

B) 1 and − 3
I. (− 1, − 10)
C) 2 and 3
II. (2 , 0 )
D) 2 and − 3
III. (1 , − 2 )

A) I only

B) II only

C) III only

D) I and II only

30
 Which of the following is equivalent to
16 14 15 14
𝑥 −𝑥 = 𝑘(𝑥 −𝑥 )

)?
1 1
𝑥> 1 (𝑥 − 2
)(5𝑥 − 4

Based on the two conditions listed above, what is 𝑘 A)

2 3 1
5𝑥 − 4
𝑥+ 8

in terms of 𝑥 ? B) 5𝑥 −
2 7
𝑥+
1
4 8
A) 𝑥 − 1
C)
2 9 1
5𝑥 − 𝑥−
B) 𝑥 + 1
4 8

D) 5𝑥 −
2 11 1
𝑥+
C)
1 4 8
𝑥−1

D)
1
𝑥+1

In the 𝑥𝑦-plane, line 𝑙 passes through the points

2
𝑦 =𝑥 + 𝑥− 2

(1, − 1) and (− 1, − 5). Line 𝑚 is perpendicular to 𝑥+ 𝑦 = 1

line 𝑙 and has a 𝑦-intercept that is 4 units greater
If (𝑥, 𝑦) is a solution of the system of equations
than the 𝑦-intercept of line 𝑙 . What is an equation of
above, which of the following is a possible value of
line 𝑚 ?
𝑥𝑦 ?
A)
1
𝑦 =− 2
𝑥− 7
A) 7
B)
1
𝑦 =− 2
𝑥+ 1

C) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3 B) 1

D) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 C) − 1

D) − 12

31
Two lines intersect in the figure above. What is the 𝑥 = 2𝑦 − 5
value of x ? 𝑦 =− 2𝑥 + 5
The ordered pair (𝑥, 𝑦) satisfies the system of

equations above. What is the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦 ?

A) − 5

B) 0

C)
5
2

D) 4

The graph of the function 𝑓 is shown in the 𝑥𝑦-plane below. The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏,

where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants. Which of the following could be the graph of the function 𝑔, where

𝑔(𝑥) =− 𝑚𝑥 − 𝑏 ?

A) B)

C) D)

32
The entire graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 (𝑥) is shown in the 𝑥𝑦 In the xy-plane, what is the solution (x, y) to the

-plane below. system of equations graphed above?

Which of the following could be the product of all A) (0 , 1 )

the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 (𝑥) = 0? B) (0 , 2 )
A) − 2 C) (1 , 1 )
B) 0 D) (2, 0)
C)
3
2

D)
2
3

The graph of the function 𝑓 is shown in the 𝑥𝑦-plane In the circle below, 𝐶 is the center. If the measure of

above. The equation that describes 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑎𝑏 , ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 is 60° and radius 𝐵𝐶 = 10 , what is the length
𝑥

where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are integers. What is the value of 𝑎 ? of 𝐴𝐵 ?

33
 1
2
(2𝑎𝑥 − 4) = 3

Based on the equation above, what is the value of 4𝑎𝑥?

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module

in the test.

34
Math
22 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is

permitted for all questions.

NOTES

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.

• Figures provided are drawn to scale.

• All figures lie in a plane.

• The domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

REFERENCE

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.

The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

35
 For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct answer from

the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book. Circle only one answer

for each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle. You will not get

credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no

answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write your

answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

● Once you've written your answer, circle it clearly. You will not receive credit for anything

written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.

● If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.

● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters

(including the negative sign) for a negative answer, but no more.

● If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), write the decimal equivalent.

● If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.

● If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½ 2 ), write it as an improper fraction (7/2)

or its decimal equivalent (3.5).

● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled

answer

36
A recipe that serves 4 people calls for 𝑎 apples and 𝑚 A doctor prescribes a medication for a 66-pound child.

mangoes. According to this recipe, what is the total In each dose, the child is to be given 8 milligrams of the

number of apples and mangoes needed to serve 20 medication for every kilogram of the child’s body

people? weight. The medication is to be given to the child 2

A) 4𝑎 + 4𝑚 times per day for 5 days. How much medication, in

B) 5𝑎 + 5𝑚 milligrams, should be provided for the entire 5-day

C) 20𝑎 + 20𝑚 treatment plan? (1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds)

D) 24𝑎 + 24𝑚

In 2014, quarterly sales for full-service restaurants and

shoe stores in the United States each increased by a

constant rate. For the first quarter of 2014, full-service

restaurants had total sales of $63,083 (in millions), and

each quarter their sales increased approximately

$1,597 (in millions). For the first quarter of 2014, shoe

stores had total sales of $8,143 (in millions), and each

quarter their sales increased approximately $32 (in

millions).

Of the following equations, which best models the

linear relationship in 2014 between the total quarterly

sales (in millions), y , for full-service restaurants and the

number of quarters, x since the first quarter of 2014?

Which of the following equations best models the A) 𝑦 = 1, 597𝑥 + 63, 083
relationship between the variables in the scatterplot? B) 𝑦 = 1, 597𝑥 − 63, 083
A) C)
𝑥
𝑦 =− 16. (60) 𝑦 = 63, 083𝑥 + 1, 597

B) D) 𝑦 = 63, 083𝑥 − 1, 597

𝑥
𝑦 = 16. (0. 86)

C)
𝑥
𝑦 = 16. (1. 14)

D) 𝑦 = 16. (20)
𝑥

37
In 2014, quarterly sales for full-service restaurants and 6 2 1
3 = 𝑥−3
− 𝑥+3
shoe stores in the United States each increased by a 𝑥 −9

constant rate. For the first quarter of 2014, full-service Which statement describes the solution to the equation

restaurants had total sales of $63,083 (in millions), and above?

each quarter their sales increased approximately A) 3 is the only solution

$1,597 (in millions). For the first quarter of 2014, shoe
B) − 3 is the only solution
stores had total sales of $8,143 (in millions), and each
C) 3 and − 3 are both solution
quarter their sales increased approximately $32 (in
D) There are no solution
millions).

If the same linear trend for shoe store sales continues,

how many quarters after the first quarter of 2014 will

the total quarterly sales (in millions) for shoe stores in

the United States first exceed $8,500?

A) 11

B) 12

C) 265

D) 266

A date set consists of the values 250, 320, 430, 452, 600, and 17,167. If the outlier is removed, what will happen to

the value of the mean of the data set?

A) The mean will remain the same.

B) The mean will decrease.

C) The mean will increase.

D) There is not enough information to determine how the mean will change.

38
The scatterplot below give the latitude 𝐿 , in degree north, and annual mean temperature 𝑇 , in degree Fahrenheit

(℉ ), for 19 different locations in Alaska. A line of best fit the data is also shown

Which of the following is the best interpretation of the number −1.71 in the equation of the line of best fit?

A) Each 1℉ increase in annual mean temperature corresponds to a predicted 1.71-degree increase

in north latitude.

B) Each 1℉ increase in annual mean temperature corresponds to a predicted 1.71-degree decrease

in north latitude.

C) Each 1-degree increase in north latitude corresponds to a predicted 1.71℉ increase in annual

mean temperature.

D) Each 1-degree increase in north latitude corresponds to a predicted 1.71℉ decrease in annual

mean temperature.

39
The scatterplot below give the latitude 𝐿 , in degree To determine if gender and number of siblings are

north, and annual mean temperature 𝑇 , in degree related to whether 9-year-old children like to read,

Fahrenheit (℉ ), for 19 different locations in Alaska. A Sarah selected a random sample of 40 boys with fewer

line of best fit the data is also shown than 3 siblings and a random sample of 30 girls with 3

or more siblings tram the 9-year-old children in her city.

For each child, she recorded the child’s age, gender,

and whether the child reported liking to read. Why is it

inappropriate for Sarah to draw a conclusion from her

study?

A) The two samples are not of equal size.

B) The two samples should have been chosen

from different cities.

C) There is no upper hound on the number of

siblings of the 30 girls.

D) Sarah will not be able to tell whether a

Saint Paul Island, Alaska, is one of the 19 locations difference in liking to read is related to the
shown in the scatterplot. It has a latitude of 57.2 difference in gender or to the difference in
degrees north and an annual mean temperature of number of siblings.
35 ℉ . How many locations shown in the scatterplot

have both a greater north latitude and a greater

annual mean temperature, in ℉ , than Saint Paul

Island?

A) Two

B) Four

C) Six

D) Nine

40
A pump can be set to extract water from a pool at one The price of an investment over a period of 5 years is

of three different rates: 1 gallon per minute, 4 gallons shown in the graph below.
per minute, or 8 gallons per minute. The graph below

shows the amount of water left in the pool from the

time the pump was turned on. How many minutes

after being turned on was the pump switched to a rate

of 8 gallons per minute?

During which of the following time periods did the

price of the investment have the largest increase?

A) Jan. 1, 2011 to Jan. 1, 2012

A) 3

B) 5 B) Jan. 1, 2011 to Jan. 1, 2013

C) 8 C) Jan. 1, 2012 to Jan. 1, 2014

D) 29 D) Jan. 1, 2013 to Jan. 1, 2014

Starting in 1970, the population of a city doubled every The decibel level 𝑑 of each successive measure of the

10 years until 2010. The population of the city was refrain of a song can be modeled by the equation

𝑑 = 5𝑛 + 40 , where n is the number of measures

36,000 in 1970. Which of the following expressions
from the beginning of the refrain and 0 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ 12 .
gives the population of the city in 2010?
According to the model, what is the change in decibel
A)
4
36, 000. (2)
level between each successive measure of the refrain?
B)
10
A) 5
36, 000. (2)

C) B) 12
40
36, 000. (2)

D) 36, 000. (2). (40) C) 40

D) 60

41
The line in the 𝑥𝑦-plane that is the graph of the linear (3𝑥 + 𝑎) − 4(𝑎𝑥 − 3) = 7𝑥 + 11

function 𝑓 has slope 2 and contains the point (0, 7). In the figure above, 𝑎 is a constant. If the equation

What is the value of 𝑓 (2) ? holds true for all values of 𝑥 ,what is the value of 𝑎?

A) 9 A) 6

B) 11 B) 4

C) 14 C) 1

D) 16 D) −1

The table below shows several values of function 𝑓 and

function 𝑔. According to the table, if 𝑓 (4)= a , what is

𝑔(𝑎)?

In the figure above, ∠𝐵 is congruent to ∠𝐸 . What is the

value of sin 𝐷 ?

A)
3
5

B)
4
5

C)
16
5

D)
16
25

42
In the 𝑥𝑦-plane, the graph of 𝑦 = 5 − (𝑥 − 3) is In the table above, the median number of children per
2

the image of the graph of 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥 after which of

2 household is 2. What is one possible value of 𝑥?

the following transformations?

A) A translation of 1 unit up and 3 units to the

right

B) A translation of 1 unit down and 3 units to the

right

C) A translation of 1 unit up and 3 units to the left

D) A translation of 3 units down and 1 unit to the

right

The graphs of lines 𝑡 and 𝑣 in the 𝑥𝑦-plane are The efficiency of an engine is the proportion of its fuel

perpendicular. The equation of line 𝑡 is energy that the engine can convert into motion energy.

𝑦 =− 10 . What is the slope of line 𝑣 ? The equation 𝐸 = 1 − relates an engine’s efficiency

2 5 𝑥
3
𝑥+ 6 𝑝

𝐸 , to its exhaust temperature 𝑥, in kelvins, and its

operating temperature 𝑝, in kelvins. A particular

automobile engine has an operating temperature of

473 kelvins and an exhaust temperature of 293 kelvins.

Based on the engine’s efficiency, about how many

joules of motion energy can the engine obtain from

40,000,000 joules of fuel energy?

A) 15,200,000

B) 24,800,000

C) 64,600,000

D) 105,000,000

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module

in the test.

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