Practice Test 91
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P Thanh VanPractice Test 91
Uploaded by
P Thanh VanPractice Test 91
Reading and Writing
27 QUESTIONS
IRECTIONS
D
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each question
includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage and question
carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s). All questions in this
section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a single best answer.
aryam Hosseini and her team used aerial images of
M he Third-Class Carriage, painted in the realist styleby
T
well-mapped areas of Manhattan to train a computer Honoré Daumier, depicts working-class travelers in a
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program to identify sidewalks. When it was tested on third-class railway car. The realists' emphasis on
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images of Brooklyn, it identified accurately portraying the experiences of average
sidewalks in the vast majority of cases and even working people was largely a rejection of the romantic
whether sidewalks were concrete or cobblestone. style evident in many paintings by Eugène Emmanuel
St
Hosseini believes the program will improve on this Amaury Pineux Duval, which instead
already-strong performance as it gets used more. their subjects' beauty or heroism while hiding all
imperfection.
n
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
a
and precise word or phrase? hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
ic
A) reliably and precise word or phrase?
B) clumsily A) exaggerate
er
C) rarely B) correct
D) slowly C) undermine
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D) mock
he Chao Phraya River delta is a constantly changing
T
landform made up of a network of distributaries, small he decline of the giant pika, a species found
T
channels that branch off from the main river. The delta throughout northern North America before it became
is shaped and reshaped over time as sediments extinct around 8000 BCE, surely had a number of
carried by the river where the river meets the larger ecosystem in which it existed.
the Gulf of Thailand, eventually forming new portions The giant pika was part of a complex food web with
of land. other organisms, and its disappearance likely affected
several other species.
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
and precise word or phrase? hich choice completes the text with the most logical
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A) accumulate and precise word or phrase?
B) dissolve A) similarities to
C) accelerate B) precedents in
D) thrive C) sources in
D) consequences for
1
he following text is adapted from Pam Muñoz Ryan's
T riven to sell as many paintings as possible, Alfred
D
2020 novelMañanaland, in the village where Max lives, Hair, an influential figure among the landscape artists
there is an old fortress called La Reina. Children in the known as the Florida Highwaymen, pioneered "fast
village say that the fortress is haunted. painting," a technique (which in part involved swift
applications of paint) that many Highwaymen,
For as long as he could remember, Max had including Isaac Knight, adopted.To conclude that this
begged Papa (his father) to take him to see La approach accounts for the ethereal qualities now
Reina and the ruins up close. He'd be a hero among synonymous with the Highwaymen aesthetic is
his friends if he was the first boy to cross the tempting but inaccurate, as Hair's methods weren't
haunted gates. Just because Papa didn't believe in universally practiced by his affiliates: Roy McLendon,
ghosts didn't mean they weren't there. Maybe this for example, painted with greater deliberateness but
summer Papa would finally take him. He was achieved the same effects.
almost twelve.
Which choice best describes the function of the
Which choice best describes the overall purpose of underlined portion in the text as a whole?
the text? A) It details evidence that contradicts a claim
y
A) To show how much Max wants to visit La mentioned earlier in the text about a
Reina long-standing disagreement within a group of
ud
B) To portray how proud Max’s father is of Max artists.
C) To criticize Max for disliking summer B) It explains how an artist mentioned earlier in
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D) To explain why Max doesn’t want to grow up the text developed a distinctive style by
yet adapting a particular approach to painting
originated by his colleagues.
n
C) It considers and rebuts an
interpretation of the effect of a painting
a
technique mentioned earlier in the text
ic
on the perception of work by a group of
artists.
er
D) It establishes a contrast between the
aesthetic qualities of works by artists who
Am
were central to a movement introduced earlier
in the text and those of an artist who was
more peripheral to that movement.
2
he following text is adapted from Daniel Defoe's
T In the 1960s, Gloria Richardson led a movement to
1704 nonfiction bookThe Storm. promote racial equality. Her involvement in this effort
The sermon is a sound of words spoken to the ear, was inspired by her daughter, Donna Richardson. In
and prepared only for present meditation, and 1961, Donna joined protests organized by the Student
extends no farther than the strength of memory Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in Cambridge,
can convey it; a book printed is a record, remaining Maryland. Following her daughter, Gloria joined these
in every man's possession, always ready to renew protests too. Gloria soon became the cochair of the
its acquaintance with his memory, and always Cambridge Nonviolent Action Committee. She was
ready to be produced as an authority or voucher to also the leader of what became known as the
any reports he makes out of it, and conveys its Cambridge movement.
contents for ages to come, to the eternity of mortal
time, when the author is forgotten in his grave. ccording to the text, what did Gloria Richardson
A
lead?
hich choice best states the main purpose of the
W A) A new business in Cambridge, Maryland
text? B) The Cambridge movement
A) It recounts why the works of some artists are C) Protests to support environmental protection
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still discussed by critics after the artists' D) Her daughter Donna's high school
deaths while others are not.
ud
B) It analyzes the contributions to society of two
different groups of scholars.
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C) It demonstrates that one form of
communication is more commonly used than
another.
n
D) It describes differences in the characteristics
of two kinds of communication.
a
ic
er
Am
3
panning the 1920s to the 1980s, Mexican architect
S ike many other species that live only on the
L
Luis Barragan's prolific career evolved through distinct Hawaiian archipelago, the Kaua'i 'amakihi has
phases. After traveling to the United States and adapted to life in a well-defined habitat, resulting in
Europe in in the early 1930s and immersing himself in highly specialized physical and behavioral
an international architectural discourse, Barragán characteristics that aid the species in survival.
began incorporating principles derived from However, because the Kaua'i 'amakihi is highly
functionalism and modernism in his work, as seen in specialized, it is especially vulnerable to
the El Arenal Parish Church, whose unadorned environmental changes that can disrupt the
geometric forms contrast with the historically inspired delicately balanced ecosystem in which it lives.
architecture found in the houses for Emiliano Robles
León, one of Barragán's early projects in Guadalajara. Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
A) The Kaua'i 'amakihi is a species of bird that
Which choice best states the main idea of the text? is related to many other Hawaiian birds but
A) Barragán’s designs of the El Arenal Parish does not share a habitat with any of them.
Church and the house for Emiliano Robles B) The Kaua'i 'amakihi is an example of highly
León are considered paragons of a specialized bird species found only on the
y
functionalist and modernist aesthetic. Hawaiian archipelago and is related to
B) Barragán’s design of the house for Emiliano several other highly specialized bird species
ud
Robles León is considered more experimental found there.
than his design for the El Arenal Parish C) The Kaua'i 'amakihi is an example of a
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Church. species unique to the Hawaiian archipelago
C) Barragán’s early work shows an initial that is highly specialized and therefore
dedication to a modernist aesthetic that he particularly susceptible to habitat
n
later abandoned. disturbance.
D) A notable shift in Barragán's design aesthetic D) Hawaiian birds display a unique range of
a
reflects the influence of his time abroad. physical and behavioral characteristics and
ic
as a result can only live in habitat unique to
the Hawaiian archipelago.
er
Am
4
Orientation of Paired Leaves in Grapevines and Related Species
Ratio of opposite
Pairs with airs with
P
Total leaf pairs side orientations to
Species oposite-side same-side
examined same side
orientation orientation
orientations (π to 1)
itis
V 383 287 96 2.99
labrusca
itis
V 303 201 102 1.97
rupestris
ittal
V 207 146 61 2.39
amurensis
itisx
V 10 9 1 9.00
andersonii
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any plants have leaves that are larger on one side of their long central axis than the other, a phenomenon
M
ud
known as asymmetrical orientation. University of California, Berkeley biologist Ciera Marinez and colleagues
examined several species of grapevines and closely related plants which have leaves that grow in pairs, to see
St
if both leaves in a pair tend to be oriented toward the same side (that is, have more tissue on the same side)
or not. They found that opposite-side orientations are more common than same-side orientations by ratios as
high as _____
a n
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the assertion?
A) 9.00 to 1, as in the case ofVitisx andersonii.
ic
B) 2.99 to 1, as in the case ofVitis labrusca.
er
C) 287 to 1, as in the case ofVitis labrusca.
D) 10 to 1, as in the case ofVitisxandersonii.
Am
5
Average Ratings of Urban Agriculture’s Contribution to Various Social or Ecological Services
y
ud
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rban agriculture is the practice of growing plant- or animal-based products in urban settings such as
U
community gardens and rooftop farms. Esther Sanye-Mengual, Kathrin Specht, and their team surveyed three
groups of people in Bologna, Italy—leaders of urban agriculture projects, stakeholders in urban agriculture (e.g.,
n
food researchers and urban farming associations), and the general public—to compare their views about the
extent to which urban agriculture contributes to 25 social or ecological services that the team identified. The
a
survey results show that, on average, project leaders rated urban agriculture as contributing less to _____
ic
Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to complete the assertion?
er
A) improving the local microclimate than to increasing global biodiversity.
B) increasing global biodiversity than to providing tourist attractions.
Am
C) improving community members’ sense of attachment to the neighborhood than to offering educational
opportunities.
D) increasing global biodiversity than to improving the local microclimate.
6
he Cloudsis a 423 BCE play by Aristophanes,
T aneis a 1923 novel by Jean Toomer. In the novel,
C
originally written in ancient Greek. At the time, Toomer mentions a road in rural Georgia called Dixie
professional intellectuals called sophists taught Pike and describes it as having a deep connection to a
customers rhetorical techniques to use in public faraway place, writing,
speaking, along with providing instruction in other
subjects. In the play, Aristophanes satirizes sophists hich quotation fromCanemost effectively illustrates
W
as teaching students how to be persuasive without the claim?
regard for what is morally good, as seen when the A) "And when the wind is from the South, soil of
character my homeland falls like a fertile shower upon
the lean streets of (Washington, DC).“
hich choice most effectively uses a quotation from
W B) "From down the railroad track, the chug-chug
a translation ofThe Cloudsto illustrate the claim? of a gas engine announces that the repair
A) Socrates, a sophist, says that he studies gang is coming home."
astronomy while a basket hanging a few feet C) "The Dixie Pike has grown from a goat path in
off the ground because "I should not have Africa."
rightly discovered things celestial if I had not D) "Dixie Pike is what they call it."
y
suspended the intellect, and mixed the
thought in a subtle form with kindred air."
ud
B) Strepsiades encourages his son to learn to
be a sophist, saying, "Go, I entreat you,
St
dearest of men, go and be taught."
C) Socrates, a sophist, says to a new customer,
"Come now; what do you now wish to learn
n
first of those things in none of which you
have ever been instructed?
a
D) Strepsiades hires a sophist to teach his son
ic
and says to the sophist, "But see that he
er
learns those two [styles argument]; the
better, whatever it may be and the worse,
which, by maintaining what is unjust,
Am
overturns the better. If not both, at any rate
the unjust one by all means."
7
heffield United Football Club won more than half its
S Inspired by her Ottawa Pottawatomi/Ojibwe heritage,
home matches between 1947 and 2003, helping to artist Kelly Church uses black ash—a durable and
distinguish the team as a top British professional flexible craft baskets that are both
soccer club. Additionally, Sheffield United, whose beautiful and whimsical.
home uniform color is mainly red, was more
successful in home matches than was Cardiff City hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
Football Club, whose home uniform color is not red. to the conventions of Standard English?
Research has shown that many people associate the A) material: to
color red with power and dominance. Past B) material; to
experiences with red objects such as stop signs can C) material—to
even cause people to respond to the color red with D) material. To
caution and hesitation. These findings, if applicable
in the context of athletic competitions, could
suggest that in matches played at Sheffield United's
home stadium opponents may have ew Mexico governor
N the first woman to
serve in that role in the state's history–took office on
y
Which choice most logically completes the text? January 1, 2011.
A) been unaffected by the red clothing worn by
ud
fans in the stadium. hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
B) played more aggressively than they would to the conventions of Standard English?
A) Susana Martinez,
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have if their own uniforms were red.
C) been influenced by the color of Sheffield B) Susana Martinez:
United's uniforms. C) Susana Martinez
n
D) been aware that Sheffield United's uniform D) Susana Martinez–
color affected their own performance.
a
ic
fter he finally watchedThe Maltese Falcon(1941)at
A
er
last year's annual film festival, the infamously
disagreeable film critic wrote a scathing review. Before
Am
that, the film he least enjoyed the more
recent classicSlumdog Millionaire(2008).
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) has been
B) had been
C) is
D) was being
8
he 1960 founding of Mexican American Political
T oil polluted with manganese (a heavy metal) is
S
Association and the 1946Mendez v.Westminster harmful to many plants and animals, but the plant
court decision are regarded as important events in US speciesTypha latifolia, or broadleaf cattail, notonly
civil rights former establishing a Latino thrives in such conditions but also helps remediate
rights advocacy group and the latter legally affirming them. As a metal hyperaccumulator,Typha latifolia
the rights of Latino students. absorbs a large amount of manganese and stores it
safely in its roots and shoots; manganese
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W concentrations in the soil decrease.
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) history the hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
B) history, the transition?
C) history, as the A) nevertheless,
D) history. The B) in addition,
C) in turn,
D) specifically,
y
A government body officially known as the Althing,
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
to the conventions of Standard English? ud
hen printing paper money for the colony of
W
Pennsylvania in the 1730s, Benjamin Franklin—then a
St
A) 930 CE was the year when Iceland's Philadelphia shop owner—took steps to combat the
parliament, one of the oldest parliaments in circulation of counterfeit notes, such as weaving
n
the world, first met. blue threads and muscovite (a reflective mineral)
B) the world's oldest parliaments include one into the paper he used. he stamped the
a
which first met in 930 CE, Iceland's. notes with detailed imprints of sage leaves that
ic
C) the first meeting of one of the oldest proved difficult for forgers to replicate.
parliaments in the world, Iceland's, was in
er
930 CE hich choice completes the text with the most logical
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D) Iceland's parliament is one of the oldest in transition?
Am
the world, first meeting in 930 CE. A) Moreover,
B) Specifically,
C) For example,
D) That said,
risyllabic words
T as dactyls in English
metrical verse, such as "devious" and "particle,"
consist of one stressed syllable followed by two
unstressed syllables.
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) classified
B) can be classified
C) are classified
D) have been classified
9
hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
following notes: following notes:
● The Massasoit National Wildlife Refuge ● The false killer whale is a mammal species.
(NWR) is a protected natural area in ● It was believed to be extinct until a living false
Massachusetts. killer whale was identified in Denmark in 1861.
● It encompasses 184 acres. ● The Banggai crow is a bird species.
● It was established to safeguard the habitat of ● It was believed to be extinct until a living
the Plymouth red-bellied turtle, an endangered Banggai crow was identified in Indonesia in
species. 2007.
● The Massasoit NWR is managed by the US ● They are considered Lazarus species.
Fish & Wildlife Service. ● "Lazarus species" is a term for living species
● The US Fish & Wildlife Service limits human of organisms that were once believed to be
activities in the area. extinct.
The student wants to indicate the size of the The student wants to specify when the false killer
Massasoit NWR. Which choice most effectively uses whale was identified. Which choice most effectively
relevant information from the notes to accomplish this uses relevant information from the notes to
y
goal? accomplish this goal?
A) A protected natural area, the Massasoit NWR A) A living false killer whale, once believed to be
ud
encompasses 184 acres of land in extinct, was identified in 1861.
Massachusetts. B) Previously believed to be extinct, a living false
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B) The Massasoit NWR is a protected natural killer whale was identified in Denmark.
area managed by the US Fish & Wildlife C) Identified in Indonesia, a living Banggai crow
Service, which limits human activities there. was found in 2007.
n
C) The Massasoit NWR is a natural area in D) An example of a Lazarus species was found
Massachusetts, home to the Plymouth in 2007.
a
red-bellied turtle.
ic
D) Home to the Plymouth red-bellied turtle,
Massachusetts's Massasoit NWR is managed
er
by the US Fish & Wildlife Service.
Am
10
hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
following notes: following notes:
● The human tongue contains taste receptors ● The A.M. Turing Award is a prestigious award
for a rich, savory flavor called umami. given by the Association for Computing
● Umami is triggered by the compounds in a Machinery (ACM).
variety of foods, including tuna and soy sauce. ● The ACM gives the award for “major
● Participants in a study tasted a sample of contributions of lasting importance to
sugar kelp, a type of brown seaweed. computing."
● They rated its umami intensity as moderate. ● Shafi Goldwasser won the award in 2012 for
● The participants tasted a sample of transformative work that laid the foundations
ma-konbu, another type of brown seaweed. for digital cryptography.
● They rated its umami intensity as high. Which choice most effectively uses information from
The student wants to emphasize a difference the given sentences to emphasize when Shafi
between the two seaweeds. Which choice most Goldwasser won the A.M. Turing Award?
effectively uses relevant information from the notes A) For transformative work that laid the
to accomplish this goal? foundations for digital cryptography, Shafi
y
A) Some types of brown seaweed, like sugar Goldwasser won the A.M. Turing Award.
kelp and ma-konbu, trigger umami flavor in B) It was in 2012 that Shafi Goldafi Goldwasser
ud
human taste buds. won the A.M. Turing Award.
B) While sugar kelp and ma-konbu contain C) Shafi Goldwasse is one winner of the A.M.
St
umami flavor, umami can also be found in Turing Award.
tuna and soy sauce. D) The prestigious A.M. Turing Award is given for
C) Although sugar kelp and ma-konbu are types "major contributions of lasting importance to
n
of brown seaweed, the latter's umami flavor computing."
is more intense.
a
D) Sugar kelp is a type of brown seaweed, but
ic
so is ma-konbu.
er
Am
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other
module in the test.
11
Reading and Writing
27 QUESTIONS
IRECTIONS
D
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each question
includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage and question
carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s). All questions in
this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a single best answer
eb developers often encourage users to create
W he fact that publication by University of Minnesota
T
y
passwords that are fairly complicated and therefore economist Ellen R. McGrattan, who studies financial
difficult to guess. Nonetheless, research has shown policy, are so frequently cited in other scholars' work
that the more approach to password
selection seems to favor convenience over security:
ud the usefulness of her research for her
peers—other economists clearly find her studies
St
for example, the fifth most commonly used password valuable for their own scholarship.
in 2013 was the easily remembered “abc123.”
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
n
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W and precise word or phrase?
a
and precise word or phrase? A) overshadows
ic
A) complex B) underscores
B) useful C) belies
er
C) creative D) forestalls
D) popular
Am
riter Lydia Davis observed that while ____ literary
W he sloping tile roofs and picturesque façade of
T
forms, such as the short story, are recognizable as Mission San Luis Rey de Francia in Oceanside,
such even as they evolve, there are rarer “intergeneric” California, exemplify the Spanish contribution
forms that might, for example, use elements of both Californian architecture, an influence that is
fiction and essays to create something unclassifiable. throughout the state—architectural
Anne Carson’s collection Float arguably fits in this tourists visiting Los Angeles Union Station in Los
category, since it straddles the line between prose and Angeles, for example, can easily recognize how its
poetry. style draws inspiration from the Spanish missions.
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
and precise word or phrase? and precise word or phrase?
A) neutral A) palpable
B) equivocal B) understated
C) intermediate C) disputed
D) orthodox D) corroborated
12
In a study by Mika R. Moran, Daniel A. Rodríguez, and ext 1
T
colleagues, residents of Panama City, Panama, and For thousands of years, O’odham farmers in the
Caracas, Venezuela, were surveyed about parks in Sonoran desert of the southwestern US and northern
their cities. Of the 318 respondents from Panama City, Mexico have cultivated elderberries and chia seeds,
44.7% indicated that they use the city’s parks, and of sometimes planting these species together so that the
the 1,043 respondents from Caracas, 35.5% indicated elderberry bushes provide shade for chia flowers.
using city parks. Given that the percentage of Panama Doing so helps protect chia flowers from the harshest
City respondents who reported having access to heat and light and thereby helps prevent soil moisture
desired nonpark amenities near parks was much from evaporating.
lower than that reported by Caracas respondents, the
difference in park use can’t be explained by Panama ext 2
T
City residents having more access to desired nonpark Chia flowers are well adapted to growing in the desert
amenities near parks. but grow best when shaded. Inspired by O'odham
farmers, who often strategically plant chia flowers in
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the shade of sun-hardy species like elderberry bushes
the text? for protection the sun and heat, Gary Nabhan and
y
A) An unexpected finding is described, and then colleagues planted chia flowers in the shade of solar
that finding is attributed to the method used panels in the Sonoran desert and found that the plants
ud
to collect survey data in Panama City and grew well, suggesting to Nabhan and colleagues that
Caracas. the panels provide a benefit similar to that provided by
B) An unresolved question about park planning is elderberry bushes.
St
described, and then examples from a study of
Panama City and Caracas are used to answer Based on the texts, the author of Text 1 and the author
n
that question. of Text 2 would most likely agree on which point?
C) A study involving surveys in Panama City and A) Elderberry bushes can provide shade that
a
Caracas is introduced, and then a possible protects chia flowers from high-intensity heat
ic
explanation for some of the results is and light.
considered and rejected. B
) Nabhan's team's method could be refined to
er
D) A study of park use in Panama City is more actively prevent soil moisture from
described, and then a similar study of park evaporating.
Am
use in Caracas is analyzed to corroborate the C) Compared with Nabhan's approach, the
findings of the Panama City study. O'odham approach has the advantage of
producing chia seeds.
D) Elderberry bushes grow best when planted in
shaded areas. while chia flowers do not
require shade to thrive.
13
ext 1
T
Scholarship today overrepresents experimentally fragmented narrative structures, such as that of Flann
O’Brien’sAt Swim-Two-Birds, beyond the degree towhich they actually influenced fiction in Britain and Ireland
during the modernist period (roughly 1900-1945). Meanwhile, Elizabeth Bowen'sThe Last September, whose
coherent, linear narrative structure recalls the fiction of previous centuries, attracts woefully little attention from
scholars of modernism.
ext 2
T
Distant reading, or computer-assisted quantitative analysis of massive collections of digitized texts, can reveal
stylistic elements that have heretofore escaped notice, despite being shared by numerous texts from the
modernist period. For too long, scholars have focused on narrative fragmentation versus coherence, inhibiting
inquiry into other points of stylistic correspondence among works that would enrich our understanding of the
modernist canon.
ased on the texts, both the author of Text 1 and the author of Text 2 would most likely agree with which
B
statement about scholarship on works from the modernist period in Britain and Ireland?
y
A) It must widen its focus to include aspects of modernist fiction beyond style, a productive but
overrepresented site of inquiry.
ud
B) Without a major shift in focus, the vision that it presents of fiction written in the period will continue to
be unnecessarily limited.
C) Instead of engaging in unproductive debates, it should work to rehabilitate the reputations of neglected
St
modernist works.
D) Its primary methods for analyzing fiction in the period are growing obsolete as computer technology.
a n
ic
er
Am
14
Monthly Temperatures and Wing Centroid Sizes of Fruit Fly Specimens
Month Average Average low verage male
A Average female
igh (°F)
h (°F) wing centroid wing centroid
size (mm) size (mm)
October 67 44 1.98 2.29
July 87 62 2.02 2.31
June 80 56 2.01 2.31
May 73 50 1.98 2.27
rosophila(fruit flies) have generation times of10–12 days, so seasonal changes in humidity and other
D
environmental conditions can drive seasonal fluctuations in chromosome rearrangements in species such asD.
persimilisandD. mediopunctata.Drosophilabody size(for which wing centroid sizes serves as a proxy
measure) correlates with life span. Banu Sebnem Önder and Cansu Fidan Aksoy measured the wing sizes of
y
members of aD. melanogasterpopulation in Yeşilöz,Turkey, that were collected monthly between May and
October over three years. Their research suggests thatDrosophilacollected in relatively cooler monthsshould
ud
tend to have shorter life span, as is illustrated by the finding that
St
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the assertion?
A) the average female wing centroid size was smaller in May than in June.
B) the average male wing centroid size was consistently smaller than the average female wing centroid
n
size in all four months in the table.
C) the average monthly low temperature was lower in May than in June.
a
D) the average male wing centroid size was 1.98 mm in May but was 2.31 mm in July.
ic
er
Am
15
essica Murray is a researcher who studies canopy
J laine Ostrander led an international collaboration
E
soil. Canopy soil is formed in a tree’s branches (its with Greger Larson and other researchers to study
canopy) when dead leaves and other falling things the evolutionary history of size differences in
collect. This material breaks down, becoming canopy modern dogs, including very small breeds such as
soil. Canopy soil helps preserve healthy nutrient Pomeranians. The researchers determined that
cycling (how nutrients move through the environment) among dogs as a whole, there are many different
in rainforests. This benefit is one reason Murray is variations of the gene that regulates the production
interested in the canopy soils in large bulky trees in of IGF--1 (insulin growth factor 1), a hormone that
rainforests in Costa Rica. promotes growth. After reviewing the study, a
student concludes that these variations must
hich choice best describes the text’s overall
W account for the observed variance in body size
structure? among dog breeds.
A) It presents an idea and mentions a researcher
who disagrees with that idea. hich quotation from a scientist not involved in the
W
B) It introduces a researcher and gives study would most directly undermine the student's
information about what she researches. conclusion?
y
C) It explains a disagreement between A) “The researchers’ conclusions regarding the
researchers and how it was resolved. IGF--1 gene may not apply to other species
ud
D) It compares the sizes of two types of trees given that dogs vary in size more than any
over several years. other group of land mammals does.”
B) “The gene that regulates IGF--1 production is
St
one of multiple genes known to affect the
size of dogs.”
n
C) “In fact, only one-third of the most prevalent
dog breeds carry the same variant of the
a
gene regulating IGF–1 production.”
ic
D) “Variations of the IGF–1 gene result in
substantial body size variance among dog
er
breeds and many influence additional
characteristics as well.”
Am
16
Days per Winter That Lakes Have Surface Ice eurobiologists Laura Cuaya, Raúl Hernández-Pérez,
N
and colleagues investigated the language detection
abilities of eighteen dogs raised in similar settings.
The researchers monitored the brain activity of Grog
(a border collie), Alma (a mixed breed), and other
dogs while the animals listened to three recordings;
one of The Little Prince being read in Spanish, the
second in Hungarian, and a third made up of short,
randomly selected fragments of the first two,
scrambled so that they didn't resemble human
speech. Each dog was familiar with either Spanish or
Hungarian, but not both. The team concluded that
the amount of previous language exposure a dog
It is common for freshwater lakes near or above a has received may influence its ability to distinguish
latitude of 45° north of the equator, like Lake Stechlin familiar languages from unfamiliar ones.
in Germany, to accumulate surface ice in winter. A
y
study from 1980 to 2006 showed that, in general, the hich finding from the study, if true, would most
W
number of days per winter that such lakes have directly support the team's conclusion?
ud
measurable amounts of surface ice is declining. A) Dogs showed a different pattern of brain
However, a researcher claimed that some lakes have activity when hearing the language they were
instead seen an increase in the duration of ice, citing accustomed to than when hearing the
St
as an example scrambled recording, and the difference in
brain activity increased with the age of the
hich choice most effectively uses data from the
W
n
dog scanned.
graph to complete the researcher's example? B) Although the dogs' general hearing
a
A) both Lake Baikal and Oulujärvi, which had sensitivity declined with age, dogs of all
ic
more than 100 days of ice in the winter of ages showed more brain activity in response
2005-06. to hearing the language they were
er
B) Lake Baikal, which had more days of ice in the accustomed to than in response to hearing
winter of 2005-06 than it did in the winter of the other language.
Am
1980-81. C) The similarity between the pattern of brain
C) both Lake Baikal and Oulujärvi, which had activity a dog showed in response to hearing
fewer than 195 of ice in the winter of 1980-81. the scrambled recording and the pattern of
D) both Lake Kegonsa and Oulujärvi, which had brain activity it showed in response to
more days of ice in the winter 2005-06 than hearing the language it was not accustomed
they did in the winter of 1980-81. to was greatest among older dogs.
D) The difference between the pattern of brain
activity a dog showed when hearing the
language it was accustomed to and the
pattern of brain activity it showed when
hearing the language it was not accustomed
to was greatest among older dogs.
17
In June of 1986, India liberalized its stock market, iologists Rebecca M. Calisi-Rodriguez and George E.
B
meaning that it began allowing foreign individuals and Bentley examined research on white-throated
businesses to invest money in Indian companies. This sparrows and degus, both of which have been studied
was part of a wave of stock market liberalizations in the laboratory as well as in the wild, to see how
from the mid–1980s through the mid–1990s, studies’ settings might have affected their results. Lab
Colombia in 1991, Nigeria in 1995, and so on. In an studies are useful because they make it easy to
analysis of economic data from 1976 to 1993, Ross control important variables, but white-throated
Levine and Sara Zevos found that liberalization did not sparrows’ surroundings can significantly affect their
lead to enduring increases in investment in companies hormone levels. Therefore, it’s not altogether
based in countries that liberalized. Peter Blair Henry, surprising that when Calisi-Rodriguez and Bentley
however, found that on average, investment in examined studies of white-throated sparrows, they
companies in liberalized countries increased found that ____
significantly in the three years following liberalization.
Taken together these results suggest that ____ Which choice most logically completes the text?
A) hormone levels were higher in wild males than
Which choice most logically completes the text? in captive male degus.
y
A) liberalization may provide a boost to B) captive sparrows and wild sparrows usually
investment that fades over time. exhibited very similar hormone levels.
ud
B) economists’ expectations about the effect of C) significant differences in hormone levels
liberalization on investment were largely between individuals were found for both
correct. captive sparrows and wild sparrows.
St
C) companies typically do not benefit from D) baseline levels of the hormone corticosterone
liberalization until at least three years after are higher in captive sparrows than they are in
liberalization occurs.
n
wild sparrows.
D) investment growth is likely to be more
a
consistent in countries that liberalize than in
ic
countries that do not.
er
Am
18
lthough the language of the Olmec civilization, which
A ach year, the Nobel Prize in Literature is given to an
E
flourished in southern Mexico circa 1500 BCE–400 author who has, in the word of its founder Alfred
BCE, hasn't been identified, it likely belonged to the Nobel, "produced the most outstanding work in an
Mixe–Zoquean family, a group of related languages idealistic in 1909, for instance, judges
whose present day representatives are spoken in an recognized Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf "[for] the lofty
area corresponding to ancient Olmec sites. The family idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception
can be subdivided into a Zoque branch, which includes that characterize her writings."
Francisco León Zoque, and a Mixe branch, which
includes North Central Mixe. Many words in the Mayan hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
languages—languages spoken in the region but to the conventions of Standard English?
otherwise unrelated to the Mixe–Zoquean family—are A) direction”;
Mixe–Zoquean in origin and were likely borrowed B) direction,"
during the period when the Olmecs dominated the C) direction"
entire area. Tellingly, all those words derive from the D) direction" and,
Zoque branch, suggesting that
y
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A) North Central Mixe and the other languages of
ud
the Mixe branch likely supplanted the Increased gender diversity is revitalizing the field of
languages of the Zoque branch sometime economics, according to Harvard’s Claudia Goldin.
before 1500 BCE. The trailblazing accomplishments of Goldin, winner of
St
B) the language of the Olmec civilization was the 2023 Nobel Prize in Economics for her work on
likely the founding language of the family that women in the labor force, ____ to the value of scholars
of diverse backgrounds in spurring research into
n
includes Mayan language.
C) the language of the Olmec civilization previously unexplored, but vitally important, topics.
a
contributed words not only to Mayan language
ic
but also to other languages in the hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
Mixe–Zoquean family. to the conventions of Standard English?
er
D) the Mixe–Zoquean family had already A) attests
diverged into the Mixe and Zoque branches by B) attest
Am
the time the Olmec became the prevailing C) has attested
power in the region. D) is attesting
19
student in a political science course is writing a paper on Aristotle'sThe Politics, in which Aristotleoffers his
A
opinion on political instability and gives advice on how constitutions can be preserved. Aristotle observes that
different forms of government can fall in different ways–for example, oligarchies might grant power to military
leaders during wartime who refuse to relinquish that power during peacetime but some methods of preserving
order apply across all forms of government. The student claims that in particular Aristotle asserts that in a
healthy state obedience to law must be as close to absolute as possible and that even minor infractions should
not be ignored.
Which quotation from a philosopher's analysis ofThePoliticswould best support the student's claim?
A) “When Aristotle considers the health of constitutions, he states that ‘Constitutions are preserved when
their destroyers are at a distance, and sometimes also because they are near, for the fear of them
makes the government keep in hand the constitution.' He holds that rulers who wish to see
constitutions preserved must continually remind the populace of the dangers that would result from a
constitutional collapse."
B) "When constructing his argument regarding the characteristics of a well–functioning government,
Aristotle asserts that ‘Transgression creeps in unperceived and at last ruins the state,’ illustrating this
y
idea with a comparison to frequent small expenditures slowly and almost imperceptibly chipping away
at a fortune until it is ultimately depleted."
ud
C) "When contrasting different forms of government, Aristotle holds that ‘oligarchies may last, not from
any inherent stability in such forms of government, but because the inherent are on good terms both
with the unenfranchised and with the governing classes.' That is, oligarchic leaders who wish to hold on
St
to power will introduce members of disenfranchised classes into government in a participatory role."
D) "When Aristotle writes on the necessity of avoiding corruption in government, he proposes that 'every
n
state should be so administered and so regulated by law that its magistrates cannot possibly make
money. In particular, he thinks oligarchies are particularly susceptible to corruption through bribery."
a
ic
er
Am
20
esearchers studying how agricultural fertilizers
R he parks of San Jose, California, seem to be making
T
impact grassland arthropod populations have people happier. In a 2022 study, researchers
employed several collection methods. A team led by for a relationship between the physical
researcher Maria K. Hartley collected arthropods with location in which a social media post was created and
another research team, led by Kimberly the content of that post analyzed geotagged social
La Pierre, gathered them with bug vacuums. media posts from San Jose. The team found that
posts from the city's parks contained more words
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W associated with happiness than other posts did.
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) sweep nets, for instance; hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
B) sweep nets; for instance, to the conventions of Standard English?
C) sweep nets for instance A) were looking
D) sweep nets, for instance, B) looked
C) looking
D) had looked
y
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries,
automobiles were commonly referred to as horseless
ud
carriages after the older technology they still arcel Duchamp intended his 1917 so–called
M
resembled. Known as the Brass Era, this period in ready–made sculpture Fountain to challenge
automotive design is remembered for its grandeur and then–prevailing conceptions about the nature of art
St
artistry, its vehicles ____ by collectors for their ornate Duchamp'sFountaindid just that, raising
detailing and gleaming brass fittings. the question of whether displaying any object in an
art gallery could be said to transform the object–even,
n
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W as Duchamp's sculpture was, a urinal–into a legitimate
a
to the conventions of Standard English? work.
ic
A) highly prized
B) had been highly prized hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
er
C) are highly prized transition?
D) were highly prized A) Instead,
Am
B) In addition,
C) Similarly,
D) Indeed,
21
hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
following notes: following notes:
● The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is a ● A copyright prevents a book's contents from
ten-point scale that orders minerals by being reproduced (published) without
hardness based on their ability to scratch permission from the copyright holder.
other minerals. ● When a book's copyright expires, the book
● Minerals with larger numbers are harder than enters the public domain and can be legally
minerals with smaller numbers and can leave reproduced by anyone.
visible scratches on them. ● The Prophetis a collection of prose poems by
● Minerals with smaller numbers are softer than Kahlil Gibran.
minerals with larger numbers and cannot ● It entered the public domain in 2019.
leave visible scratches on them. ● The Professor's Houseis a novel by Willa
● The mineral talc has a Mohs scale number of Cather.
1. ● It entered the public domain in 2021.
● The mineral fluorite has a Mohs scale number The student wants to emphasize a similarity between
of 4. The ProphetandThe Professor's House. Which choice
y
● The mineral quartz has a Mohs scale number most effectively uses relevant information from the
of 7. notes to accomplish this goal?
ud
The student wants to emphasize how hard fluorite is A) The Prophet, a collection of prose poems by
in relation to other minerals. Which choice most Kahlil Gibran, entered the public domain in
effectively uses relevant information from the notes to 2019, unlike Willa Cather's novelThe
St
accomplish this goal? Professor's House,which would do so later.
A) Quartz is hard enough to scratch both talc and B) The Prophet, a collection of prose poems by
n
fluorite. Kahlil Gibran,The Professor's House, a novel
B) Fluorite is hard enough to scratch talc but not by Willa Cather, recently entered the public
a
hard enough to scratch quartz. domain.
ic
C) In the Mohs scratch of minerals hardness, C) The Prophetis a collection of prose poems,
quartz (7) is ranked higher than talc (1). whereasThe Professor’s Houseis a novel.
er
D) Quartz, talc, and fluorite can be ordered by D) The year was 2021, and the copyright to Willa
hardness based on their ability to scratch Cather's novelThe Professor's Househad
Am
other minerals. finally expired.
22
hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
following notes: following notes:
● Hyde Parkis a 1931 color linocut print by ● A sailing trip that goes in a complete circle
Canadian artist Sybil Andrews. around the world is called circumnavigation.
● It depicts a tranquil, everyday scene (a spring ● Most circumnavigations include stops on
day in a city park). land.
● Amanzi Amthatha(“The cold water takes him") ● Anne Liardet is a French sailor.
is a 2001 black-and-white linocut print by ● Liardet sailed the boatRoxyon a nonstop,
South African artist Nomathemba Tana. 119-day circumnavigation.
● It features a scene with an explicitly political ● Asia Pajkowska is a Polish sailor.
point of view (a Xhosa warne fighting British ● Pajkowska sailed the boatFanfanon a
colonial rule). nonstop, 216-day circumnavigation.
● Relief printing is a technique in which an The student wants to make a generalization about
image is carved onto a printing block, covered circumnavigations. Which choice most effectively
in ink or paint, and stamped onto paper. uses relevant information from the notes to
● Lino cutting is a type of relief printing that accomplish this goal?
y
uses linoleum tile as the printing block. A) Pajkowska sailedFanfanaround the world,
The student wants to contrast the subject matter of while Liardet sailedRoxy.
ud
the two prints. Which choice most effectively uses B) Pajkowska and Liardet have both embarked
relevant information from the notes to accomplish this on sailing journeys around the world, also
goal? called circumnavigations.
St
A) The print by Tana is a black-and-white linocut; C) Most circumnavigations include stops on
by contrast, Andrew’s is a relief print. land, but some circumnavigations are
n
B) Tana’s print expresses an explicitly political nonstop.
point of view, while Andrew’s depicts a D) A circumnavigation is defined as a sailing trip
a
tranquil, every scene. that goes in a complete circle around the
ic
C) Andrew madeHyde Parkin 1931, while Tana world.
madeAmanzi Amthatha (“The cold water takes
er
him")later, in 2001.
D) The scenes depicted in both works were first
Am
carved onto a printing block, then stamped
onto paper; however, one work is a linocut
while the other is a relief print.
23
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:
● Malapportionment is the over- or underrepresentation (relative to population size) of electoral districts
in a governing body.
● It is a common feature of representative governments.
● There are 169 seats in Norway's supreme legislature (the Storting).
● Seats are distributed by a formula that awards 1 point per resident and 1.8 points per unit of land.
● Less populated rural districts with large tracts of land receive a disproportionate number of seats
compared to smaller but more populated urban districts.
The student wants to refute a claim that malapportionment in the Storting favors small urban districts. Which
choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
A) Awarding more points per unit of land than points per resident, the formula for distributing Storting
seats overrepresents less populated rural districts with large tracts of land.
B) A common feature of representative governments, malapportionment occurs when electoral districts
are over-or underrepresented.
C) Less populated rural districts are disproportionally underrepresented in the Storting, creating an unfair
advantage for smaller but more populated urban districts.
y
D) It’s untrue that malapportionment in the 169-seat Storting favors small urban districts; rather, the
formula for distributing seats overrepresents more populated districts.
ud
St
a n
ic
er
Am
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other
module in the test.
24
Math
22 QUESTIONS
IRECTIONS
D
The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is
permitted for all questions.
OTES
N
Unless otherwise indicated:
• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
y
• The domain of a given functionfis the set of allreal numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.
REFERENCE
ud
St
a n
ic
er
Am
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
25
Formultiple-choicequestions,solveeachproblem,choosethecorrectanswerfromthe
choices provided, and thencircleyouranswerinthisbook.Circleonlyoneanswerfor
each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle.Youwillnotget
credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no
answers circled.
For student-produced responsequestions,solveeachproblemandwriteyouranswer
next to or under the question in the test book as described below.
● Onceyou'vewrittenyouranswer,circleitclearly.Youwillnotreceivecreditforanything
written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.
● If you findmore than one correct answer, write andcircle only one answer.
● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer andupto6characters
y
(including thenegativesign) for a negative answer,but no more.
● Ifyouranswerisafractionthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
●
for negative), write the decimal equivalent.
ud
Ifyouranswerisadecimalthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
St
for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.
● Ifyouranswerisamixednumber(suchas3½2),writeitasanimproperfraction(7/2)
n
or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
a
● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled
ic
answer
er
Am
26
asey is raisingℎhorses and𝑔goats. Each horse
C
requires 2 acres of land and each goat requires 1 acre
of land. Theℎhorses and𝑔goats require a totalof 21
acres of land. Which equation represents this
situation?
A)
B)
C)
D)
he system of two equations,
T and ,
y
is graphed in the𝑥𝑦-plane as shown. Which ordered
pair is a solution to this system? he function
T gives a toy
ud
A) (0,0) car’s height above the ground𝑓(𝑥), in inches,𝑥
B) (0,16) seconds after it started moving on an elevated track,
St
C) (1,16) where . Which of the following is the best
D) (16,16) interpretation of the vertex of the graph of
in the𝑥𝑦-plane?
n
A) The toy car’s minimum height was3inches
a
above the ground
he functionℎis defined by
T . What is B) The toy car’s minimum height was6inches
ic
the value of ? above the ground
er
A) C) The toy car’s height was3inches above the
B) ground when it started moving
C) 14
Am
D) The toy car’s height was6inches above the
D) 24 ground when it started moving
If , what is the value of ?
)
A 90
7
B) 150
C) 90
D) 9
27
wo numbers have a product𝑦, such that one number
T
is𝑥and the other number is99less than𝑥. Whichof
the following equations represents the relationship
between𝑦and𝑥?
A)
B)
C)
D)
he graph of a system of a linear and a quadratic
T
equation is shown. What system is represented by the
y
graph?
ud
St
A)
a n
B)
ic
er
Am
bank account was opened with an initial deposit.
A
C)
Over the next several months, regular deposits were
made into this account, and there were no withdrawals
made during this time. The graph of the function𝑓
hown, where
s , estimates the account
D) balance, in dollar, in this bank account𝑥monthssince
the initial deposit. To the nearest whole dollar, what is
the amount of the initial deposit estimated by the
graph?
28
he function
T models the force, in
newtons, acting on each object in a certain field as a
function of the object’s mass𝑚, in kilograms. Which
statement is the best interpretation of in
this context?
The solution to the given system of equations is
A) The estimated force acting on an object with a
mass of4kilograms is28newtons. . What is the value of𝑥?
B) The estimated force acting on an object with a A)
mass of28kilograms is4newtons. B)
C) The estimated force acting on an object with a C) 0
mass of7kilograms is4newtons. D) 5
D) The estimated force acting on an object with a
mass of7kilograms is28newtons.
y
ud
St
a n
ic
In triangle shown, . Which expression
er
In the figure shown, lines𝑙and𝑘are paralleland line𝑡 the length of ?
intersects both lines. If , which of the A)
Am
following must be true? B)
A)
B) C)
C)
D) D)
The graph of a polynomial function in the
𝑦-plane passes through the point(5, 7). What isthe
𝑥
value of ?
A) 5
B) 7
C) 12
D) 35
29
he function𝑔andℎare defined by the given
T machine makes 8-inch, 9-inch, and 3-inch parts.
A
equations. During a certain day, the number of 8-inch parts that
the machine makes is4times the number of 9-inch
parts, and the number of 3-inch parts is30. Duringthis
day, the machine makes100parts total. Which
equation represents this situation?
A)
If , where𝑡is a constant, what is the value
B)
of ?
C)
)
A D)
B) 2 2
C) 31
D) 51
y
ud
If , what is the value of
In the given system of equations,𝑤is a constant.The
?
system has infinitely many solutions. What is the
)
A
8
St
value of𝑤?
B) 33
C) 128
n
D) 256
a
ic
circle has center𝑂, and points𝐴and𝐵lieon the
A
er
circle. The measure of arc𝐴𝐵is , and the length
of this arc is4inches. What is the circumference,in
Am
inches, of the circle?
A) 4
B) 8
C) 16
D) 72
30
The function𝑓and𝑔are defined as researcher surveyed undergraduate students,
A
graduate students, and postdoctoral students. The
number of undergraduate students surveyed was
and . If the
of the number of postdoctoral students
functionℎis defined as ,
surveyed and the number of graduate students
hat is the𝑥- intercept of the graph of
w in
surveyed was of the number of undergraduate
the𝑥𝑦-plane?
students surveyed. If there were graduate
students surveyed, what was the sum of the number
)
A of undergraduate students and postdoctoral students
surveyed?
B)
)
C
D)
y
beaker containing a liquid is placed on a table. The
A
function
ud
What is the minimum value of the given function?
St
ives the approximate temperature, in kelvins, of the
g
liquid𝑡minutes after the beaker was placed onthe
n
table. According to this function, what was the
a
approximate temperature, in kelvins, of the liquid when
ic
the beaker was placed on the table?
er
Am
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module in the
test.
31
Math
22 QUESTIONS
IRECTIONS
D
The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is
permitted for all questions.
OTES
N
Unless otherwise indicated:
• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given functionfis the set of allreal numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.
y
REFERENCE
ud
St
a n
ic
er
Am
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
32
Formultiple-choicequestions,solveeachproblem,choosethecorrectanswerfromthe
choices provided, and thencircleyouranswerinthisbook.Circleonlyoneanswerfor
each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle.Youwillnotget
credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no
answers circled.
For student-produced responsequestions,solveeachproblemandwriteyouranswer
next to or under the question in the test book as described below.
● Onceyou'vewrittenyouranswer,circleitclearly.Youwillnotreceivecreditforanything
written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.
● If you findmore than one correct answer, write andcircle only one answer.
● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer andupto6characters
y
(including thenegativesign) for a negative answer,but no more.
● Ifyouranswerisafractionthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
●
for negative), write the decimal equivalent.
ud
Ifyouranswerisadecimalthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
St
for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.
● Ifyouranswerisamixednumber(suchas3½2),writeitasanimproperfraction(7/2)
n
or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
a
● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled
ic
answer.
er
Am
33
line in the𝑥𝑦-plane has a slope of
A and
he given equation relates the distinct positive
T
passes through the point . Which equation
numbers𝑣,𝑤, and𝑥. Which equation correctly
represents this line?
expresses𝑤in terms of𝑣and𝑥?
A)
A)
B)
B)
)
C
C) D)
D)
Which expression is equivalent to
y
?
ristina was elected to the city council. Each city
C A)
ud
council person is required to attend at least21ofthe
B)
27scheduled council meetings in a year to keep
their position. Which inequality represents the C)
St
number of city council meetings,𝑥, Cristina must D)
attend in a year to keep her position on the city
n
council?
A)
a
B) If , what is the value of
ic
C) ?
er
D) A)
B) 61
C) 68
Am
D) 75
The function gives the
redicted height above the ground
p , in feet of
a model airplane𝑥minute after it begins to descend.
What is the predicted height above the ground in
feet, of the model airplane4minutes after it begins
to descend?
A) 120
B) 160
C) 240
D) 440
34
o cut a lawn, Antwan charges a fee of$10.00for
T
his equipment and$8.50per hour spent cutting a
lawn. Taylor charges a fee of$7.00for her
equipment and$9.50per hour spent cutting a lawn.
If𝑥r epresents the number of hours spent cuttinga
lawn, what are all the values of𝑥for which Taylor's
total charge is greater than Antwan's total charge?
A)
B)
C)
D)
y
In the𝑥𝑦-plane, line p has a slope of and an𝑥
ud
-intercept of(16, 0).What is the𝑦-coordinateof the𝑦
hich of the following best represents the line of
W -intercept of linep?
best fit shown?
St
A)
B)
n
C)
a
ic
D)
er
Am
In triangleABC, angleBis the right angle. The length
of sideBAis and the length of sideBCis
. What is the length of sideAC?
A)
B)
C)
D)
35
ven
E dd
O Total The function g is defined by . For what
integers integers value of𝑥is ?
List A 12 44 56
List B 40 4 44
Total 52 48 10100
he given table shows the number of even and
T
odd integers contained in list A and list B. No
integer is contained in both lists. What fraction
of the even integers represented in the table are
in list A?
One solution to the given equation can be written as
A)
y
, where a nd are integer constants
B) What is the value of ?
ud
A) 13
B) 14
C)
St
C) 31
D) 65
D)
a n
ic
In a certain state, the population of pheasants, a
type of bird, is estimated each year by counting the
er
number of pheasants observed along certain roads
in the state. On average, each year from 2005 to
Am
2015 the number of pheasants counted per mile of
road decreased by3.5%of the number of
pheasants per mile of road the previous year. Based
on this average, if there were6.22pheasants per
mile of road in this state in 2005, which of the
following best approximates the number of
pheasants per mile of road in 2015?
A)
B)
C)
D)
36
ata setFconsists of55integers, where the value
D ne gallon of sealant costs$23and will cover
O
of each integer is between150and260. Data setG 250square feet of a surface. A deck has a total
consists of the same55integers in data setFas surface area ofdsquare feet. Which equation
well as the integer10. Which of the following must represents the costc, in dollars, of the sealant
be less for data setGthan for data setF? needed to cover the deck twice?
I. The mean
II. The median
A)
A) I only
B) II only
C) I an II B)
D) Neither I nor II
C)
D)
y
ud
gallery had𝑥a
A rtifacts in a collection. Whenmore right square pyramid has a height of11centimeters
A
artifacts were added to the collection, the number (cm). A second right square pyramid has a height of
St
of artifacts increased by149%. What is the 22centimeters. The area of the bases of each of the
resulting number of artifacts in the collection in two pyramids is100cm². Which of the following is
terms of𝑥? closest to the difference in the surface area of the
n
A) second pyramid and the surface area of the first
pyramid, in cm²?
a
B)
A) 209
ic
C) B) 220
C) 367
er
D)
D) 551
Am
he function
T is defined by , n object's speed is increasing at a rate of5.70
A
where a and b are constants and a>0. In the𝑥𝑦 meters per second squared. What is this rate inmiles
per minute squared, rounded to the nearest tenth?
-plane, the graph of has a y-intercept
(Use 1 mile = 1,609 meters.)
at(0,−20)and passes through the point(2, 43).
What is the value ofa−b?
37
In the given equation,cis a constant. If the equation
has exactly one solution, what is the value of c?
For triangle ABC, the length of is 11 less than
the length of . Point D (not shown) lies on
such that (not shown) is perpendicular to .
y
What is the value of ?
ud
St
a n
ic
er
Am
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module in the
test.
38
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