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Central Conicoids BSC First Year

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258 views2 pages

Central Conicoids BSC First Year

Uploaded by

buntypandit2966
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Central Conicoids - B.Sc.

First Year
1. Equation of Tangent Plane to a Conicoid
The equation of a tangent plane to a conicoid surface at a point (x_0, y_0, z_0) is determined

using partial derivatives. For a conicoid given by F(x, y, z) = 0, the tangent plane at (x_0, y_0, z_0)

is:

(dF/dx) * (x - x_0) + (dF/dy) * (y - y_0) + (dF/dz) * (z - z_0) = 0.

This equation defines the plane touching the surface at that point.

2. Director Sphere
A director sphere of a conicoid is the sphere whose radius is the distance from the center

of the conicoid to any tangent plane. It plays a role in visualizing the symmetry and orientation of the

conicoid in space.

3. Normal to the Conicoid


The normal at any point on a conicoid can be found by calculating the gradient vector (grad F) at

that point.

For F(x, y, z) = 0, the normal vector is (dF/dx, dF/dy, dF/dz), which points perpendicular to the

tangent plane.

4. Polar Plane of a Point


The polar plane of a point with respect to a conicoid is the plane that contains all points on

the conicoid which are conjugate to the given point. For a point P(x_1, y_1, z_1), the polar plane

equation is obtained

by substituting x, y, z in the conicoid equation with x_1, y_1, z_1.

5. Enveloping Cone of a Conicoid


An enveloping cone of a conicoid is a cone that touches the conicoid along a curve, usually

generated by extending lines from a fixed point outside the conicoid to the surface of the conicoid.

6. Enveloping Cylinder of a Conicoid


The enveloping cylinder of a conicoid is a cylinder that touches the conicoid along one

or more lines. It is formed when a set of parallel lines intersect the conicoid surface, forming a
cylindrical shape.

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