M.Sc.

(Physics)

SCHOOL OF STUDIES OF Physical Science

GURU GHASIDAS VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BILASPUR (C.G.)
(A CENTRAL UNIVERSITY)
CBCS/LOCF-NEW, SYLLABUS

DEPARTMENT OF PURE AND APPLIED PHYSICS

M.Sc. (Physics) Course structure under CBCS/LOCF
Academic year 2021 – 2022
Course
Sem Course Opted Name of the course Credit L:T:P Internal External Total
Code
Core-1 PPPATT1 Classical Mechanics 5 4+1+0 30 70 100
PPPATT2 Quantum Mechanics 4 3+1+0 30 70 100
Core -2
PPPALT2 Quantum Mechanics Lab 1 0+0+1 30 70 100
Core -3 PPPATT3 Electronic and Experimental Methods 3 3+0+0 30 70 100
PPPALT3 Electronic and Experimental Methods Lab 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
Opted from the pool and offered by other
Open Elective 5 30 70 100
departments
Other if any
I
TOTAL 20 500
Open Elective offered by department
OPNPPT1 Nanomaterials and its Applications 3 3+0+0 30 70 100
Open Elective
OPNPPL1 Nanomaterials and its Applications Lab 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
Advanced characterization and computational
OPNPPT2 3 3+0+0 30 70 100
techniques in Physics
Open Elective
Advanced Characterization and Computational
OPNPPL2 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
Techniques in Physics Lab
Core-4 PPPBTT1 Concepts of Mathematical Physics 5 4+1+0 30 70 100
Core -5 PPPBTT2 Advanced Quantum Mechanics 4 3+1+0 30 70 100
PPPBLT2 Advanced Quantum Mechanics Lab 1 0+0+1 30 70 100
Core -6 PPPBTT3 Statistical Mechanics 5 4+1+0 30 70 100
II Discipline PPPBTD1 Computational Physics and Programming 3 3+0+0 30 70 100
Specific
elective 1 PPPBLD1 Computational Physics and Programming Lab 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
Other if any
TOTAL 20 1000
Core-7 PPPCTT1 Nuclear and Particle Physics 5 4+1+0 30 70 100
PPPCTT2 Condensed Matter Physics 3 3+0+0 30 70 100
Core-8
PPPCLT2 Condensed Matter Physics Lab 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
Research
PPPCTR1# Research Methodology in Physics 2 2+0+0 30 70 100
Methodology
Discipline
Specific PPPCTD1 Molecular Physics and Group Theory 5 4+1+0 30 70 100
elective 2
i. Advanced Condensed Matter Physics-I 3+0+0 30 70 100
III ii. Advanced Nuclear Physics –I 3+0+0 30 70 100
Discipline
iii. Astronomy and Astrophysics-I 3+0+0 30 70 100
Specific PPPCTD2 3
elective - 3 iv. Molecular Spectroscopy-I 3+0+0 30 70 100
v. Material Science –I 3+0+0 30 70 100
vi. Accelerator Physics-I 3+0+0 30 70 100
PPPCLD2 Respective Discipline Specific elective Lab - 3 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
*Certificate/
2 30 70 100
FC/UEC
Other if any
TOTAL 22+2 * 1300

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Core-9 PPPDTT1 Atomic and Molecular Physics 5 4+1+0 30 70 100

Core-10 PPPDTT2 Electrodynamics 5 4+1+0 30 70 100
i. Advanced Condensed Matter Physics-II 3+0+0 30 70 100
ii. Advanced Nuclear Physics –II 3+0+0 30 70 100
Discipline iii. Astronomy and Astrophysics-II 3+0+0 30 70 100
Specific PPPDTD1 3
elective 4 iv. Molecular Spectroscopy-II 3+0+0 30 70 100
IV v. Material Science –II 3+0+0 30 70 100
vi. Accelerator Physics-II 3+0+0 30 70 100
PPPDLD1 Respective Discipline Specific elective Lab - 4 2 0+0+2 30 70 100
**Dissertation
PPPDD01# Major Project Work With Dissertation 8 30 70 100
/Project
Other if any
TOTAL 23 1000
#
The Code generated by the Department.
L = Lecture, T = Tutorial, P = Practical (Lab)
* Additional Credit courses (not mandatory in nature)
The Discipline specific courses will be treated as special paper of old pattern as and when needed.

Page 2 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

SCHOOL OF STUDIES OF Physical Science

GURU GHASIDAS VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BILASPUR (C.G.)
(A CENTRAL UNIVERSITY)
CBCS/LOCF-NEW, SYLLABUS

DEPARTMENT OF PURE AND APPLIED PHYSICS

M.Sc. (Physics) Course structure under CBCS/LOCF
Academic year 2021 – 2022
Programme Outcomes: M. Sc. (Physics)

PO1: Knowledge: Develop a deeper understanding of the core concepts of theoretical/computational

and experimental physics.

PO2: Strategies: Become highly competent to apply the advanced knowledge/skills gained through
the various domains of Physics in solving basic and technologically oriented problems.

PO3: Development: Develop small projects, design experiments, interpret and analyze data in order
to conduct research related to fundamental and applied aspects.

PO4: Ethics: Apply ethical principles in professional as well as daily life and become persons of
integrity and responsibility.

PO5: Independent & Team Work: Enhance the critical thinking ability, become inquisitive and
handle the problems independently as well as manage with team work.

PO6: Tools & Technique: Learn various theoretical/computational and experimental methods & tools
to handle scientific problems.

PO7: Communication and Presentation Skills: Acquire the strong communication and presentation
capabilities related to scientific/technological or other social issues.

PO8: Society & Environment: Apply the knowledge to asses societal, health, safety, legal and
cultural issues and understand the importance of environment for sustainable development.

PO9: Carrier: Gain motivations to-opt for M. Tech./Ph.D. in Physics or related areas and apply for
various job positions in scientific and academic institutions along with other government
services examinations.

PO10: Life-long Learning: Strive for novel ways of thinking and develop life-long learning attitude.

Programme Specific Outcomes:

PSO1: To attain comprehensive knowledge and develop sound understanding of the fundamentals of
classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics etc. and experimental methods.

PSO2: To enhance a range of quantitative skills, mathematical methods, experimental and

computational abilities, helpful in handling various mathematical and scientific problems.

PSO3: Acquire knowledge in material science for the preparation and characterization of different
types of materials used for advanced technological development.

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

PSO4: Learn to design research based problems and to acquire presentation skills, and problem
solving ability.

PSO5: Develop skills and knowledge in conducting research based project work on fundamental and
applied aspects of physics.

PSO6: To learn basic programming and computational tools and its application in various problems in
physics.

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Semester – I
Core –1: Classical Mechanics
Course Code: PPPATT1 Credits = 5 (4+1+0)

Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 To solve advanced problems involving the dynamic motion of classical mechanical systems.
 To use conservation of energy, linear and angular momentum to solve dynamics problems.
 To constructing the equations of motion for complicated mechanical systems using the Lagrangian
and Hamiltonian formulations of classical mechanics.
 The motion under central force and inverse square force.

Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 The significance of conservation of various physical quantities to discuss the motion of dynamical
system.
 The constraints and their significance to solve the equations of motion of the dynamical system.
 The necessity of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations for simplified treatments of many
complex problems in classical mechanics.
 This course enables the students to model dynamical systems, both in inertial and rotating frames,
using Lagrange and Hamilton equations.
 The essential features of a problem (like motion under central force and rigid body dynamics), use
them to set up and able to solve the appropriate mathematical equations under central force and
inverse force
 The theory of small oscillations and its importance in several areas of physics.

Unit–I Elementary Principles:

Mechanics of a Particle, Mechanics of a System of Particles, Conservation Laws, Work Energy
Theorem, Constraints, Classification of Constraints, Degree of Freedom, Generalized
Coordinates,Virtual displacement and virtual work, Principle of Virtual Work, D’Alembert’s Principle,
Lagrange’s Equation from D’Alembert’s Principle, Properties of Kinetic Energy Function.

Unit–II Lagrangian Formulation:

Lagrangian equation of motion from D’Alembert’s Principle, Lagrangian equation of motion from
Calculus of Variations, Properties of Kinetic Energy Function and Kinetic energy in terms of
generalized coordinates. Gyroscopic Forces, Dissipative Forces, Rayleigh’s Dissipation Function,
Lagrangian equation of motion for Dissipative System, Linear Generalized Potential, Generalized
Momenta and Energy, Jacobi Integral, Gauge Function for Lagrangian, Cyclic Coordinates, Integrals of
Motion, Symmetry of Space and Time with Conservation Laws – Homogeneity and Isotropy, Invariance
of Lagrangian equation of motion under Galilean Transformation.

Unit–III Rotating Frames, Central Force and Rigid Dynamics:

Inertial and Rotating Frames, Inertial Forces in Rotating Frame, Pseudo forces – centrifugal, Coriolis
and Euler forces and their derivation from Newtonian and Lagrangian Formulation,Definition and
Properties of Central Force, Two–body Central Force Problem, General Featuresof Central Force
Motion and its Orbits, Stability of Orbits and Conditions for Closure, Motion under Inverse Square
Force (Kepler’s Problem) and Shapes of Orbits, Unbound Motion - Rutherford Scattering. Euler’s
angles, Inertial forces, Angular momentum of rigid body, Euler’s equation of rigid body, free motion of
rigid body.

Unit–IV Hamiltonian Formulation and Small Oscillations:

Hamilton’s Variational Principle Hamilton’s Variational Principle from Lagrangian equation of motiom,
Hamilton’s Canonical Equations of Motion, Hamilton’s Canonical Equations from Hamilton’s
Variational Principle, Principle of Least Action, Canonical Transformations and Generating Functions,
Example of Canonical Transformations, Condition for Canonical Transformations, Hamilton – Jaccobi
Equation, Hamilton’s Principal and Characteristic Functions, Poison Bracket, Invariance of Poisson

Page 5 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Brackets with Respect to Canonical Transformations, Equations of Motion in Poisson Bracket Form,
Poisson’s Theorem, Angular Momentum in Poisson Bracket, Small Oscillations, Normal Modes and
Normal Coordinates.

References:
1. Classical Mechanics, N.C. Rana and P.S. Joag, (TATA McGraw-Hill, 1991).
2. Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, (Addition Wesley, 1980).
3. Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, C. Poole, and J. Safko, (Pearson Education, Inc, 2002).
4. Classical Mechanics, J.C. Upadhaya (Himalaya Publishing House)
5. Classical Mechanics, Gupta, Kumar and Sharma (PragatiPrakashan)
6. Classical Mechanics by P.V. Panat, (Narosa Book Distributors Private Ltd)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 1 1
1
CO 3 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 1 1
2
CO 3 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 1 1
3
CO 3 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 1 1
4
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core –2: Quantum Mechanics

Course Code: PPPATT2 Credits = 4 (3+1+0)

Course Objectives:
 To introduce the modern concepts of quantum mechanics in a stimulating, elegant, exhaustive and
explanatory manner.
 To explore the nature of the microscopic world into substantial depth in terms of meaning and
interpretation so as to acquaint the learners to initiate thinking and analyzing the physically
observable phenomena quantum mechanically without exceeding the mathematical level of
complexity.
 To lay down the foundation and enhance capabilities of students to pursue various aspects of
modern physics and interdisciplinary fields confidently.

Course Outcomes:
After the completion of course, students should be able to understand and grasp.
 The basic concepts of quantum mechanics including the solution of wave equation, interpretation of
dynamical variables and applying wave mechanics to various situations in terms of boundary value
problems so as to understand the quantum well, barriers and particle motion in different types of
force field (potentials).
 Applying special functions as the solutions of differential equation as the wave function/state
functions and understanding the physical situations where these can be applied.
 Calculating states of electrons in hydrogen atom and harmonic oscillators and the interpretation of
quantum states.
 Applying the stationary perturbation problems to various problems including particle states splitting
in electric and magnetic field.

Unit – I: Introduction to Schrodinger equation; probability interpretation, probability current, continuity

equation; Ehrenfest theorem; Admissible wave functions; Stationary states, Schrodinger equation in one
dimensional problems, wells and barriers; Harmonic oscillators by Schrodinger Equation

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Unit – II: Uncertainty relation of x and p, States with minimum uncertainty product; General Formalism
of wave mechanics; Commutation Relations; Representation of states and dynamical variables;
Completeness of eigen functions; Dirac delta function; Bra and ket Notation; Matrix representation of an
operator ; Unitary transformation. Solution of Harmonic oscillator by operator method.

Unit – III: Angular momentum in QM, Central force problems: Solution of Schrodinger equation for
spherically symmetric potentials; Hydrogen atom problem.

Unit – IV: Time independent perturbation theory; Non-degenerate and degenerate cases; Applications
such as Stark effect etc.

Reference Books:
1. Quantum mechanics, by L I Schiff
2. Quantum physics by S Gasiorowicz
3. Quantum mechanics by B Craseman and J D Powell
4. Quantum mechanics by A P Messiah
5. Modern Quantum mechanics by J J Sakurai.
6. Qunatum mechanics by Mathews and Venkatesan

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 3
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 3
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 3
3
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core –2: Quantum Mechanics Lab

Course Code: PPPALT2 Credits = 1 (0+0+1)

1. To determine the Planck Constant and work function

2. Measurement of wavelength of He-Ne LASER ( Grating)
3. To determine the wavelengths of Hydrogen spectrum and determine the value of Rydberg’s
constant.

Core –3: Electronics and Experimental Methods

Course Code: PPPATT3 Credits = 3 (3+0+0)

Course Objectives:
 The course mainly focuses on developing the Electronics, experimental and instrumentation skills of
the students.
 To develop the understanding of physics of semiconductor, semiconductor junctions, metal-
semiconductor, homo-junction, and hetero-junction and metal-oxide semiconductor contacts.
 Semiconductor photonic devices and hetero-structures for detection and production of optical
radiation.
 To understand the concept of Data Interpretation and Analysis of results.
Course Outcomes:
 Students understand the basic of semiconductor and electronics devices.
 Students understand the current voltage characteristics of semiconductor devices, metal-
semiconductor, homo-junction, and hetero-junction and metal-oxide semiconductor contacts.

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

 Student understands the basic mechanism involves in optoelectronics devices.

 Understanding of sensors and transducers for temperature, vacuum, optical and vibration
measurements
Unit – I: Energy band in semiconductors, Carrier concentration in intrinsic and extrinsic
semiconductors, Fermi levels in intrinsic and doped semiconductors, Concept of degenerate and non-
degenerate semiconductors, temperature and doping dependent energy band gap of semiconductors.

Unit – II: Carrier mobility and drift velocity, Resistivity and conductivity, diffusion current, Einstein’s
relationship, Generation and recombination of carriers, Continuity equation, Carrier Injection and excess
carriers, Decay of carriers.

Unit – III: P-N junction; device structure, energy band diagram, depletion region (abrupt junctions),
depletion capacitance and C-V characteristics, I-V characteristics, Varactor diode, Tunnel diode
principle of operation and I-V characteristics, Semiconductor hetero-junctions, Metal-semiconductor
junction, Ohmic contacts. Solar cells, Photo-detectors, LEDs.

Unit – IV: Precision and Accuracy, Error Analysis, Types of errors,Propagation of errors, Curve fitting:
Least square fitting, chi-square test. Measurement techniques: Sensors and Transducers (Temperature,
vacuum, optical, particle and radiation detectors etc.), Signal and Noise.

References:
1. Semiconductor devices- Physics and Technology by S.M.Sze
2. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Boylestad and Nashelky
3. Integrated Electronics : Milliman and Halkias
4. Measurement, Instrumentation, and Experimental design in Physics and Engineering: Michael
Sayer, AbhaiMansingh
5. Transducers and Instrumentation:DVSMurty

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
4
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core –3: Electronics and Experimental Methods Lab

Course Code: PPPALT3 Credits = 2 (0+0+2)

1. Study the operational Amplifier as inverting and non-inverting amplifier

2. Study the operational Amplifier as a summing amplifier (Voltage adder and voltage subtraction).
3. Study the operational Amplifier as a differentiator and integrator.
4. A study of V-I characteristics of light emitting diode (LED).
5. A study of V-I characteristics of Tunnel diode.
6. Study of Solar Cell characteristics
7. Photoconductivity (Photocurrent as a function of irradiance at constant voltage)
8. Design of regulated Power Supply
9. Verification of De Morgan’s Theorem
10. To design a digital to analog converter (DAC) of given specifications

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Open Elective: Nanomaterials and Its Applications

Course Code: OPNPPT1 Credits = 3 (3+0+0)

Course Objectives:
The objective of the subject is that the student acquires knowledge
 To foundational knowledge of the Nanomaterials and related fields.
 To understand the influence of dimensionality of the object at nanoscale on their properties
 To make the students acquire an understanding the basic Nanoscience/Nanotechnology and their
Applications .
 Students gain knowledge about the principles of various synthesis techniques.

Learning Outcomes:
After completing this course students will be able to:
 Learn about the background on Nanoscience
 Understand the various synthesis methods of Nanomaterials and their application and the impact of
Nanomaterials on environment
 Apply their learned knowledge to develop new Nanomaterial’s.

Unit – I: History of nano- materials, Ancient Indian Culture and Nanotechnology, Role of Feynman in
development of Present Nano-sciences, what are Nanoscience and Nanotechnology?Atomic structure
and atom size and their effects, Types of 1D, 2D, 3D Nano-structured materials, Influence of nano over
micro/macro.

Unit – II: Properties of Nano materials: Physical, Magnetic, Optical, Thermal, Mechanical, Electrical
for nano materials and Chemical Properties, Size effects, Surface Effects and Surface to Volume ratio.

Unit – III : Type of Nanomaterials: different type of nano materials,Carbon nanotube, Fullerene, Type
of CNT: SWNT (Single wall nano tube), Multi wall nano tubes. 2D nano material, Graphite and
Graphene, metal nano particle silver and gold, ZnO and TiO2 metal oxides, Semiconductors, Nano-
composites,Creating nanoparticles by using software.

Unit – IV: Synthesis of nano materials: Top- down or bottom up approach, Physical Methods, PLD,
Sputtering, Thermal evaporation, Chemical Methods – CVD, Sol-gel, Hydrothermal, Biological
Methods – Green Synthesis, mechanical milling, sputtering and microwave plasma, chemical reduction
and oxidation, hydrothermal, micelles, sol-gel processes, photolysis, and metal organic chemical vapor
deposition

Reference Books:
1. Introduction to Nano Science and Nano Technology – K.K. Chattopadhyay&AN Banerjee PHI Pvt.
Ltd., 2009.
2. Nano technology: Principles and practices - Sulabha K. Kulkarni, Capital Publisher Co. ,2015.
3. Introduction to nano technology: Charles P. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owen, Wiley, Interscience Pub.,
May, 2003.
4. Nanostructures &Nanomaterials Synthesis Properties & Applications. Guozhong Cao, Imperials
College Press London. 2004
5. Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-B.S.Murty, P.Shankar, BaldevRaj, BBRath and
JamesMurday Universities press, IIM, Metallurgy and Materials Science
6. Principles of Nanoscience& Nanotechnology M.A.Shah, Tokeer Ahmad, Narosa Publishing
House
7. Nanocrystals: Synthesis ,Properties and Applications C.N.Rao, P.J.Thomas,G.U.Kulkarni
8. Nano materials Handbook – YuryGogotsi
9. Introduction to Nano science and Nano technology – K KChatopadhayya&Banerjee,PHI
10. Introduction of Nano technology-CahrlesP.PooleJr and Franks J.Qwens
11. Nano: The Essentials. T. Pradeep, McGraw Hill Education.20/01/2007
12. Handbook of Nanostructures: Materials and nanotechnology, H.S. NalwaVol 1-5, Academic Press,
Bostan. I Ed.,Oct., 1999.

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
4
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Open Elective: Nanomaterials and Its Applications Lab

Course Code: OPNPPL1 Credits = 2 (0+2+0)

1. To determine the crystallite size of given sample and observe the influence of do-pants through
given XRD data.
2. To analyze the particle size Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy
images of given samples.
3. To determine the crystallinity and phase composition of the given sample through selective area
electron diffraction.
4. To determine the electronic band-gap of given sample through Tauc plots derived from UV-Vis
diffused reflectance spectroscopy.
5. To identify Hydrogen bond through FTIR spectroscopy.
6. To analyze the elemental species present in the given sample through X-ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy.

Semester - II
Core-4: Concepts of Mathematical Physics Credit: 5 (4+1+0)
Course Code: PPPBTT1

Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 Vectors and Matrices are applied in the Quantum Mechanics, Solid state physics, atomic and molecular
spectroscopy and Nuclear Physics etc.
 Complex variables is very important tool to handle complex integrations in different brances of physics.
 In physics, generally we encounter different types differential equations. Ordinary differential equations and
series solution methods with special functions are taught here in this course to solve various types of
differential equations.
 Students will learn Integral transforms and their applications to solve and understand different types of signals
and their characteristics.

Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 Vector space and eigen value problems
 Students are able to solve difficult integrations in complex plane.
 Students are able to solve differential equations using special functions.
 Students are able to solve differentail equations by Integral transforms.

Page 10 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Unit – I: Vector algebra and vector calculus, linear independence, basis expansion, Schmidt orthogonalisation.
Matrices: Representation of linear transformations and change of basis; Eigen values and eigenvectors; Functions
of a matrix; Cayley-Hamilton theorem; Commuting matrices with degenerate eigenvalues; Orthonormality of
eigenvectors, Concepts of tensors.

Unit – II: Complex variables: Recapitulation: Complex numbers, triangular inequalities, Schwarz inequality.
Function of a complex variable : single and multiple-valued function, limit and continuity; Differentiation; Cauchy-
Riemann equations and their applications; Analytic and harmonic function; Complex integrals ,Cauchy's theorem
(elementary proof only), converse of Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy’s Integral Formula and its corollaries; Series -
Taylor and Laurent expansion; Classification of singularities; Branch point and branch cut; Residue theorem and
evaluation of some typical real integrals using this theorem.
Unit – III: Theory of second order linear homogeneous differential equations Singular points: regular and irregular
singular points; Frobenius method; Fuch's theorem; Linear independence of solutions: Wronskian, second solution.
Sturm-Liouville theory; Hermitian operators, Special functions: Basic properties (recurrence and orthogonality
relations, series expansion) of Bessel, Legendre, Hermite and Laguerre functions and its generating functions.

Unit – IV: Integral transforms: Fourier and Laplace transforms and their inverse transforms, Bromwich integral
[use of partial fractions in calculating inverse Laplace transforms]; Transform of derivative and integral of a
function; Solution of differential equations using integral transforms, Delta function.

Reference Books:
1. Mathematical methods for physics, by G ARFEKEN
2. Advanced engineering mathematics, by E KREYSZIG
3. Complex Variables with an introduction to CONFORMAL MAPPING and its applications, Second Edition
Murray R. Spiegel, Seymour Lipschutz, John J. Schiller, Dennis Spellman.
4. Mathematical Physics by Dass H. K.
5. Special functions , by E D RAINVILLE
6. Special functions by W W BELL
7. Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineers, K.F Riley, M.P. Hobson and S. J. Bence,3rded., 2006,
Cambridge University Press
8. Mathematics for physicists, by MARY L BOAS

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO4 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core –5: Advanced Quantum Mechanics Credit: 4 (3+1+0)

Course Code: PPPBTT2
Course Objectives:
 To introduce the advanced concepts of quantum mechanics and the applications of quantum mechanical
methods in problems of many electron systems, scattering problems.
 To explore the nature of the microscopic world into substantial depth in terms of meaning and interpretation so
as to acquaint the learners to initiate thinking and analysing the physically observable phenomena quantum
mechanically without exceeding the mathematical level of complexity.
 To lay down the foundation and enhance capabilities of students to pursue various aspects of modern physics
and interdisciplinary fields confidently.
Course Outcomes:
After the completion of course, students should be able to understand:

Page 11 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

 The basic concepts of quantum mechanics including the solution of wave equation, interpretation of dynamical
variables and applying wave mechanics to various situations in terms of boundary value problems so as to
understand the quantum well, barriers and particle motion in different types of force field (potentials).
 Applying special functions as the solutions of differential equation as the wave function/state functions and
understanding the physical situations where these can be applied.
 Calculating states of electrons in hydrogen atom and harmonic oscillators and the interpretation of quantum
states.
 Applying the stationary perturbation problems to various problems including particle states splitting in electric
and magnetic field.
 The case studies and problem-solving exercises will be given as assignments and group activities in both the
courses so as to enhance the experiential learning and induce group learning.

Unit – I: Approximation methods, higher order time independent perturbation, Variational method, WKB
approximation, turning points and applications.

Unit – II: Time dependent perturbation theory, harmonic perturbation, Fermi’s golden rule, Adiabatic and sudden
approximation. Semi-classical theory of radiation, transition probability for absorption and induced emission,
electric dipole and forbidden transitions, selection rules.

Unit – III: Collision in 3-D and scattering, laboratory and CM reference frames, scattering amplitude, differential
scattering cross section and total scattering cross section, scattering by spherically symmetric potential, partial
waves and phase shifts, scattering by perfectly rigid sphere and by square well potential

Unit – IV: Identical particles, symmetric and anti-symmetric wave functions, collision of identical particles, spin
angular momentum, spin function for a many electrons system.
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations; Properties of Dirac matrices. Plane wave
solutions of Dirac equation; Spin and magnetic moment of the electron. Nonrelativistic reduction of the Dirac
equation. Spin-orbit coupling. Energy levels in a Coulomb field.

Reference Books:
1. L I Schiff, Quantum Mechanics (McGraw- Hill).
2. J.J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics
3. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
4. A.P. Messiah, Quantum Mechanics Vol 2, (North-Holland, 1962).
5. R. Shankar, Principles of Quantum Mechanics (Plenum 1994)
6. James D. Bjorken and Sidney D. Drell, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics (McGraw-Hill 1964)
7. B.K. Agarwal and Hari Prakash, Quantum Mechanics (Prentice-Hall 2007)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO4 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 3

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core –5: Advanced Quantum Mechanics Lab Credit: 1 (0+0+1)

Course Code: PPPBLT2
1. By analyse the Zeeman Effect in mercury vapour, determine the fine structure constant by Fabry-Perot
Interferometry. (Experiment)
2. Calculate the energy difference between the singlet and triplet state of He Atom. (Mathematical solutions only)

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

3. Two identical particles of spin 1/2 are enclosed in a one-dimensional box potential of length L with walls at
x=0 and x=L. Find the Ground state energy. (You can use any programming language)
Reference Books:
1. ModernQuantum Mechanics, by J. J. Sakurai&Jim Napolitano, 2nd Edition. Addison-Wesley.
2. Quantum Mechanics. Concepts and Applications. Second Edition. Nouredine Zettili.

Core –6: Statistical Mechanics Credit: 5 (4+1+0)

Course Code: PPPBTT3
Course Objectives:
 To understand connection between Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics.
 To understand different Ensemble and their applications.
 To understand different distribution law
 To learn the Application of different distribution function
 To understand phase transition
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 Concept of ensemble theory
 Fundamental difference of classical and quantum statistical distribution
 Application of Fermi distribution function and B-E distribution function to calculate various physical
parameters
 Concept of different Phase

Unit – I: Review of Thermodynamic potentials and Macrostate& Microstate, Concept of distribution function of
Microcanonical Ensemble, Canonical ensemble, Grand Canonical ensemble, Phase Space, Dynamical variable,
Relation of partition function with thermodynamic Functions, application of partition function, Motion of the point
in phase space (Liouville equation), fluctuations of energy in canonical ensemble and no. of particles in grand
canonical ensemble (15 Lectures)

Unit – II: Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law, B-E distribution law, Fermi-Dirac Distribution Law, Derivation
of Ideal Quantum gas equation, adiabatic quantum gas relations. (10 Lectures)

Unit – III: Application of Fermi-Dirac Statistics: Thermodynamic functions of a Completely and strongly
Degenerate Fermi Gas, Fermi Energy, Fermi sphere, Electron gas in a Metal, Specific Heat of Metals, Relativistic
Fermi gas, White Dwarf Stars, Chandrasekhar Mass Limit. Application of B-E statistics: Bose Einstein
condensation, properties of liquid He (qualitative description), Blackbody Radiation, heat capacity (20Lectures)

Unit – IV: Phase transition, (P, T), (V, T) and (P. V) Phase diagram, Real gas equation, tie line, order parameter,
Landau theory with example. Ising Model(15 Lectures)

Reference Books:
1. Statistical Mechanics, R.K. Pathria, Butterworth Heinemann: 2nd Ed., 1996, Oxford University Press.
2. Statistical Physics, Berkeley Physics Course, F. Reif, 2008, Tata McGraw-Hill
3. Statistical Mechanics, By K Huang.
4. Statistical Physics, By Landau and Lifshitz.
5. Statistical Mechanics by Donald A. Mc Quarrie (Harper & Row, New York, 1976)
Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:
PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO4 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

DSE – 1: Computational Physics and Programming Credit: 3 (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPBTD1
Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 Basic methods, tools and techniques of computational physics with Fortran 90/95.
 Developing practical computational problem solving skills.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 identify modern programming methods and describe the extent and limitations of computational methods in
physics,
 independently program computers using leading-edge tools,
 formulate and computationally solve a selection of problems in physics,

Unit – I: Basic in computer programming, programming preliminaries, Fortran 90 programming: Constants and
Variables, Arithmetic expression, I/O statements, Conditional statements

Unit – II: Loops and Logical expressions, Functions and Subroutines, Arrays, Format specifications, Files
Processing in Fortran 90

Unit – III: Numerical methods: solution of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations and transcendental equations,
bisection method, false position method, Newton Raphson method, Solution of simultaneous linear equations,
Matrix inversion, Gaussian elimination, iterative Method.

Unit – IV: Interpolation (with equally spaced and unevenly spaced point), Curve fitting, Numerical integration,
Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s method, Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation by Runga-Kutta method.

Reference Books:
1. Sastry: Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis.
2. Rajaraman: Numerical Analysis and Fortran Programming
3. Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN: The Art of Scientific Computing, Press, et al. (Cambridge University Press)
4. Fortran 90 Programming, Ellis, Philips and Lahey (Addison-Wesley)
5. Fortran 90/95 Explained, Metcalf and Reid (Oxford)
6. Fortran 90/95 for Scientists and Engineers, Chapman (McGraw-Hill Higher Education)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 3
3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 3
3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 3
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 1: Computational Physics and Programming Lab Credit: 2 (0+0+2)

Course Code: PPPBLD1
Name of the experiments
1. Implementation of solving the non algebraic equation using Fortran 90
2. Implementation of Numerical Integration using Fortran 90
3. Implementation of Solving Differential equation using Fortran 90
4. Implementation of Solving linear equations using Fortran 90

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Semester – III
Core–7: Nuclear and Particle Physics Credit: 5 (4+1+0)
Course Code: PPPCTT1
Course Objectives:
The course aims:
 To develop the basic concepts and knowledge of nuclear properties to understand structure of nucleus.
 To understand various theories of nuclear force
 To understand various nuclear models to explain its shapes
 To impart knowledge about nuclear physics properties and nuclear models for understanding of related
reaction dynamics
 To get preliminary knowledge of particle physics and quark structure.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 Explain the ground state properties of the nucleus for study of the nuclear structure behavior.
 Explain the deuteron behavior at ground and excited states.
 Apply Nucleon-Nucleon scattering to understand the nuclear forces.
 Demonstration of the shell model and collective model descriptions.
 Apply various aspects of nuclear reactions in view of compound nuclear dynamics.
 Basic understanding of particle physics and quark structure of hadrons.

Unit – I: Static properties of Nuclei: Nuclear size determination from electron scattering, nuclear charge
distribution. Angular momentum, spin and moments of nuclei. Binding energy, semi-empirical mass formula,
Liquid drop model, fission and fusion
Two Nucleon Systems & Nuclear Forces: Dipole and quadrupole moments of the deuteron, Central and tensor
forces, Evidence for saturation property, Neutron-proton scattering, Protonproton scattering, S-wave effective
range theory, charge independence and charge symmetry, exchange character, spin dependence. General form of
the nucleon-nucleon force. Yukawa interaction

Unit – II: Nuclear Models: Liquid drop model, nuclear shapes. Experimental evidence for shell effects, shell
model, spin Orbit coupling, Magic numbers, angular momenta and parities of nuclear ground states,Magnetic
moments and Schmidt lines, failure of shell model,Collective model of Bohr and Mottelson, rotational model,
Qualitative discussion and estimates of transition rates.

Unit – III: Nuclear decay and Reactions: Alpha decay: Geiger-Nuttall law, Electromagnetic decays: selection
rules,Fermi theory of beta decay. Kurie plot. Fermi and Gamow-Teller transitions, Parity violation in beta-decay.
Direct and compound nuclear reaction mechanism, reaction cross section, cross sections in terms of partial wave
amplitudes, compound nucleus -scattering matrix, Reciprocity theorem, Breit-Wigner one Level formula-
Resonance scattering.

Unit – IV: Elementary Particles (quarks, baryons, mesons, leptons). Classification: spin and parity assignments;
isospin, strangeness. Elementary ideas of SU(2) & SU(3). Gell-Mann-Nishijima scheme. C, P and T invariance and
application of symmetry arguments to particle reaction. Properties of quarks and their classification. Introduction to
the standard model, Hicks bosons, Parity non-conservation in weak interactions,

Reference books:
1. Nuclear Physics by S.N. Ghoshal, S. Chand & Company Ltd,2004
2. Introducing Nuclear Physics by K. S. Krane (Wiley India., 2008 ) .
3. Nuclear Physics - Theory & Experiments by R.R. Roy &B.P.Nigarn (New Age lnternational, 2005)
4. Nuclear & Particle Physics: An Introduction by B. Martin (Willey,2006)
5. Introduction to Elementary Particles by D. J. Griffiths (Academic Press 2nd Ed.2008)
6. Concept of Nuclear Physics by B. L. Cohen (McGraw-Hill,2003)

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO4 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO5 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO6 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core–8: Condensed Matter Physics Credit: 3 (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTT2
Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 Crystal structure and determination through diffraction techniques
 Phonon dynamics
 Energy band in solids
 Magnetism in solids
 Superconductivity in solids

Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 To determine the crystal classes and crystal structures
 To study the electronic and magnetic properties.

Unit – I: The crystal lattice. Basis vectors. Unit cell. Symmetry operations. Point groups and space groups. Plane
lattices and their symmetries. Three dimensional crystal systems. Miller indices. Directions and planes in crystals.
Bravais lattices, crystal structure, reciprocal lattice, Brillouin zones.Diffraction: Theory and experimental methods
( X – ray and Neutron)

Unit – II: Lattice dynamics: Phonons, density of states, specific heat, thermal conductivity. Electron theory: Free
electron model, elementary band theory, metals, semiconductors, electrical conductivity.

Unit – III: Energy bands in solids. The Bloch theorem. Bloch functions. Review of the Kroning-penney model.
Brillouin zones. Number of states in the band. Band gap in the nearly free electron model. The tight binding model.
The fermi surface. Electron dynamics in an electric field. The effective mass. Concept of hole. (elementary
treatment)

Unit – IV: Origins of magnetism in condensed matter: localized moments (from atoms to solids, delocalized
electrons, diamagnetism), Paramagnetism of localized moments, Interacting moments: origin of the exchange
interaction, Heisenberg Hamiltonian , Mean field treatment of interacting magnetic systems: ferro-, antiferro-, and
ferrimagnetism

Reference books:
1. John Singleton: Band theory and Electronic properties of Solids (Oxford University Press; Oxford Master
Series in Condensed Matter Physics).
2. Ibach& Luth: Solid State Physics
3. M. Ali Omar: Elementary solid state physics (Addison-wesley)
4. C. Kittel: Solid-state physics (Wiley eastern)(5th edition).

Page 16 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

Core–8: Condensed Matter Physics Lab Credit: 2 (0+0+2)

Course Code: PPPCLT2
Name of the experiments
1. Hall effect experiment
2. Four probe measurement for electrical resistivity
3. Magnetic susceptibility measurement
4. Band gap estimation through UV – Vis spectroscopy
5. Raman spectra of a known system
6. FT – IR spectra of a known system
7. Determination of crystal structure through XRD
8. Lande-g factor by ESR method.
Credit: 2 (2+0+0)
Research Methodology: Research Methodology in Physics
Course Code: PPPCTR1
Objective:
To introspect the fundamentals of research methodology and its association in diverse areas of science.

Course Outcomes: After completion of this course, post graduate will be able to
 Identify the research gap and various methodologies to solve the problems
 Analyze the data by using different methods and develop presentation skills
 Engage in research in the field of pure and applied physics and involve in lifelong learning

Unit – I: Research and Research Design: Introduction to Research, Types of research: exploratory, conclusive,
modeling and algorithmic, , Tools used for review, journals, conferences, books, magazines and their quality and
authenticity, effective searches, find relevant papers related to your area of research, capture critical information,
understand and identify the bias, theoretical position and evidence produced, compare ideas and concepts from
different papers, distinguishing own work from others work and acknowledging such references.

Unit – II: Problem identification and its solution: Identification of research problems, Identify key areas in
research field, Identification of a problem and literature survey. Collection of data and analysis, Determine the
nature and extension of papers that should be read, Identify the research gaps, Formulate the Problem Statement,
Examples of effective and ineffective titles.

Unit – III: Data Analysis: Identify problem and experimental/theoretical data for comparison with proposed
model, extrapolate/scale data for validation, Error Analysis and Numerical Methods, editing and coding of data,
tabulation, graphic presentation of data, cross tabulation, testing of hypotheses.

Unit – IV: Presentation: Scientific Writing: Goals and Objectives, Structure of documents, importance of clear
title, abstract or summary, Main message of presentation, highlight review points, structure of presentation key
components of an oral presentation, show support material, feedback on oral presentation, prepare a set of
questions.

Reference Books:
1. R L Dominowski: Research Methods (Prentice Hall of India, N J 1980)
2. John R Rice: Numerical Methods, Software and Analysis (Mc Graw Hill ISE, 1985)
3. Gaur R. R., Sangal R., & Bagaria G. P. (2010). A foundation course in human values and professional ethics.
New Delhi: Excel Publishers.

Page 17 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

4. Naagarazan R. S. (2006). A textbook on professional ethics and human values. New Delhi: New Age
International Pvt Ltd.
5. Verma R. (2003). Modern trends in teaching technology. New Delhi: Anmol publishers Pvt. Ltd.
6. Rao U. (2001). Educational teaching. New Delhi: Himalaya publishing house.

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE– 2: Molecular Physics and Group Theory Credit: 5 (4+1+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD1

DSE – 3: i. Advanced Condensed Matter Physics–I Credit: 3 (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD2

DSE – 3: ii. Advanced Nuclear Physics –I Credit: 3 (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD2
Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 To develop the knowledge of nuclear structure through various from simple shell model to mean field theory.
 To understand many exotic features of exotic nuclei
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 Explain the shell model, collective model, mean field theory of atomic nucleus.
 Explain the many recent observed features of nucleus

Unit – I: Nuclear Shell Model:

Shell model: Review of the Shell Model, magic numbers, single particle shell model, wave function, quantum
numbers, Residual interaction and configuration mixing, effective interaction and operators, Description of two or
more particles outside a closed core. Classification of shells, Seniority, Pairing force, Energy level calculations.
Spectra of closed shell nuclei, lp-lh excitations.

Unit – II: Collective models: Nuclear vibrations and excited states, isoscalar vibrations, sum rule in vibration
model, Collective model of Bohr and Mottelson, Energy levels and electromagnetic properties of even-even and
odd-A deformed nuclei, Permanent deformation, Nuclear shapes, super deformed and hyper deformed shapes.
Particle states in nonspherical nuclei-Nilsson's model, Coupling of particle states and collective motion in unified
model.

Unit – III: Mean Field models and behavior at high spin physics: Nuclear mean field, Hartree-Fock theory,
Hartree-fockBogolieubov, Pairing plus quadrupole interactions. Production of high spin states, level structure,
behavior of nuclei at high spin state, Qualitative discussion and estimates of transit ion rates, Nuclear moment of
inertia, Back bending.

Unit – IV: Exotic Nuclei: Nuclear landscape: proton and neutron drip lines, nuclear structure at the extremes of
stability, nuclear halos, neutron skins, proton rich nuclei and beyond, decay modes of exotic nuclei, Production of
exotic nuclei – RIB and ISOL facility (an overview)

Page 18 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Reference books:
1. Introducing Nuclear Physics by K. S. Krane (Wiley India., 2008 ) .
2. Introductory Nuclear Physics S. M. Wong (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)
3. Nuclear Structure from a Simple Perspective: R. F. Caston (Oxford Studies in Nuclear Physics)
4. Basic ideas and concepts in Nuclear Physics - An Introductory Approach by
K. Heyde (IOP- Institute of Physics Publishing, 2004)
5. Nuclear Physics - Theory & Experiments by R.R. Roy &B.P.Nigarn (New Age lnternational, 2005)
6. Nuclear structure – Bohr and Mottelson (World Scintific)
7. Kaplan Irving, Nuclear Physics, Narosa Publishing House, (2000).
8. Theoretical Nuclear Physics, J.M. Blatt &V.F.Weisskopf (Dover Pub.Inc., 1991)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 3: iii. Astronomy and Astrophysics–I Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD2
Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 The basic idea of stellar astrophysics
 The formation of evolution of stars the binary stars and star clusters
 And their classifications.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 The basic quantities used in astronomy such as coordinates, Stellar Distance, magnitude, and Stellar
Luminosity etc. and measurement techniques of astrophysical quantities as well as spectral classification of
stars.
 Formation and Evolution of Star, and the fate of low and high mass stars, as well as the physics of white
dwarfs, neutron starts, pulsars and black holes.
 Binary Stars and Star Clusters, as well as their Classifications. the workings of astronomical instruments as
well as their use.

Unit – I: Basic Stellar Astrophysics: Celestial Sphere, Stellar Parallax, Units of stellar distance, stellar magnitude
sequence, Apparent and Absolute magnitudes, distance modulus, stellar distances, bolometric magnitude, color
index, luminosities of stars, spectral classification, Henry-Draper and modern M_K classification scheme, H-R
diagram of stars, empirical mass – luminosity relation.
Stellar interiors: The basic equation of stellar structure, hydrostatic equilibrium, thermal equilibrium, virial
theorem, energy Eourse, energy transport by radiation and convection, equation of state.

Unit – II: Formation and evolution of stars: Inter stellar Dust and Gas, Formation of Pro-stars, Pre-main
sequences evolution, Evolution on the Main sequence for Low and High Mass Stars, Post Main Sequence
evolution, End States of Stars, Degenerate States, White Dwarf and Chandrashekhar Limit, Fate of Massive Stars,
Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Black holes, Suprenovae and its Characteristics

Unit – III: Binary Stars and Star Clusters: Binary Stars: Binary Stars and their classification, Close Binaries,
Roche Lobes, Evolution of Semidetached systems: Algols, Cataclysmic variables and X-ray Binaries. Star
Clusters: Galactic Clusters, Globular Clusters, H-R diagram of star clusters

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Unit – IV: Astronomical Instrumentation: Telescope- Basic Optics, Focal Plane, Plate Scale, Resolution and
Rayleigh Criterion, Seeing Aberrations, Brightness of an Image, Refracting Telescope, Reflecting Telescope,
Telescope mounts, Large aperture telescope, Adaptive optics, Space-based observatories, Telescope for Infrared,
Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma-ray and Radio Astronomy, Stellar Photometry using CCD.

Reference Books:
1. An Introduction to Astrophysics, Baidyanath Basu, Prentice Hall of India.
2. Textbook of Astronomy and Astrophysics with Elements of Cosmology, V.B. Bhatia, New Delhi, Narosa
Publishing House.
3. Theoretical Astrophysics, Vol. I: Astrophysical processes T. Padmanabhan, Cambridge University Press.
4. Theoretical Astrophysics, Vol. II: Stars and Stellar Systems, T. Padmanabhan, Cambridge University Press.
5. Introductory Astronomy and Astrophysics, M. Zeilik and S.A. Gregory, 4th edition, Saunders College
Publishing.
6. The New Cosmos, A. Unsold and B. Baschek, Newyork, Springer Velas.
7. Astronomical Photometry, A.A. Henden, and R.H. Kaitchuk, Willmann-Bell.
8. Handbook of CCD Astronomy, S.B. Howell, Cambridge University Press.
9. A Workbook for Astronomy, Jerry Waxman
10. Telescope and Techniques, C.R. Kitchin, Springer.
11. Astrophysical Techniques, C.R. Kitchin, CRC Press.
12. Observational Astrophysics, R.C. Smith, Cambridge University Press.
13. Telescopes and Techniques, C.R. Kitchin , Springer
14. Observational Astronomy, D.S. Binney, G. Gonzalez, and D. Oesper, Cambridge University Press

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 3: Astronomy and Astrophysics–I Lab

Course Code: PPPCLD2 Credit: 2 (0+0+2)
 Name of the experiments
1. Study of Quasar
2. Study of the Orbit of a visual Binary Star
3. Determine the mass of Saturn and its rotational velocity
4. Verification of Hubble’s law and determination of Hubble’s constant and age of the Universe
5. Study of light curves of Cepheid variable stars
6. Study of proper motion of stars
7. Determination of period and distance of pulsar
8. Photoelectric photometry of Pleiades star cluster
9. Study of expansion of the universe and calculate the age of universe using computer program CLEA
10. Determine the distance of small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) using Period-Luminosity Relation of Cepheid
Variable star

DSE – 3: iv. Molecular Spectroscopy–I Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD2
Course Objectives
 To provide theoretical basis of molecular states (Rotational, vibrational and electronic) and their interaction
 Interpretation of rotational, vibrational and electronic spectra of molecules
 Techniques for calculating the electronic wave functions of molecules
 Measuring the vibrational spectra (FT-IR, Raman) and their applications in understanding molecular structure

Page 20 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

and intermolecular interaction, structural-spectral correlations

 Measuring electronic spectra (UV-VIS) and its spectral analysis and applications

Unit – I: Classification of molecule: Linear, Symmetric top, Asymmetric top and Spherical top; Rotational Energy
of Spherical, Prolate and Oblate Symmetric Rotors, Rotational Raman Spectra; Parallel and Perpendicular type
Bands in Linear and symmetric Rotor Molecules. Qualitative description of Type A, B and C bands in Asymmetric
Rotor Molecules.

Unit – II: Molecular orbitals, Separation of electronic and nuclear wavefunctions, Born-Oppenheimer
approximation, Electronic states of diatomic molecules, Electronic angular momenta, Approximation methods for
the calculation of electronic Wave function, The LCAO approach, Coulomb, Exchange and Overlap integral,
Symmetries of electronic wavefunctions; Shapes of molecular orbital; σ and π bond; Term symbol for simple
molecules.

Unit – III: UV-visible absorption spectroscopy: Principle, Lambert-Beer’s law, Absorption law, Deviation from
Beer’s law, Instrumentation. Single beam and split beam instruments. Quantitative & Quantitative and Analysis of
absorption spectra, Molecular transitions, Luminescence spectroscopy (fluorescence, phosphorescence,
chemiluminescence)

Unit – IV: Infrared Spectroscopy: Theory and Instrumentation of dispersive and FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman
Spectroscopy: Theory and Instrumentation; Spectra-Structure Correlations in Raman Spectroscopy; Electron Spin
Resonance (ESR) Spectroscopy; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Chemical shift; shielding and
DE shielding of protons, Nuclear spin-spin interaction.

Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy: C.N. Banwell.
2. Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure-III Electronic Spectra and Electronic structure of polyatomic
Molecules: G. Herzberg.
3. Modern Spectroscopy: J.M. Hollas.
4. Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy: G.M. Barrow.
5. Chemical Applications of Group Theory: F.A. Cotton.

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO4 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 3

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 3: v. Material Science –I Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD2

Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 The basic principles, theory and experimental details for understanding the structure, properties and
applications of materials.
 Defects, diffusion and phase transitions in solids and how these affect the properties.
 Also gives an overview of various methods for the synthesis of single crystals, thin films and nanomaterials.

Page 21 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcome:
At the end of the course, students will be able to understand:
 The structure property relationship of solid-state materials.
 Learned about different types of advanced materials, its synthesis and properties.

Unit – I: Uniary and Binary phase diagrams (water, Iron, Lead-tin and Iron-carbon phase diagram), Lever rule,
homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, growth and transformation kinetics, micro-structural changes during
cooling and heating.

Unit – II: Preparation of bulk, thin film and nano-materials: solid state reactions method, sol-gel method,
precipitation method, nanomaterials: Bottom up method, Top down method, lithography, advantages and
disadvantages of various synthesis methods.

Unit – III: Polymers, mechanism of polymerization, Molecular weight distribution in linear polymers,
condensation. Polymers, size distribution in polymer molecules, Effect of polymer structure on properties,
conducting polymer,

Unit – IV: Ferroelectric materials, important characteristics and applications of ferro-electric materials, para, ferro,
anti-ferro magnetic properties of materials, hysteresis losses, hard and soft magnetic materials, structure and
properties of spinals, garnets and hexagonal ferrites and their uses..

References:
1. Materials Science &Engineering: V. Raghavan
2. Elements of materials science &Engineering: L.H. Van
3. The Structure and properties of materials: R.M. Rose & J. Wulff
4. KP Jain, Physics of semiconductor nanostructures, Narosa Publishing House.
5. G. Cao, Nanostructures and nanomaterials: synthesis, properties and applications, Imperial College Press.
Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 3: vi. Accelerator Physics–I Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Code: PPPCTD2
Course Objective

The course aims to develop an understanding of:

 This course will give knowledge to the students about the fundamentals of accelerators and different type of
accelerator.
 This course will help the students to understand the different ion sources and their applications.
 This course will help the students to understand the beam optics, beam transport and beam line components.
Learning Outcome
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 The students will have understanding about the fundamentals of accelerators and different type of accelerator.
 The students will be able explain different ion sources and their applications.
 The students will be able to demonstrate the beam optics, beam transport and beam line components.

Unit – I: Some Basics of Accelerator: History of Accelerators, Livingston plots, Fundamental concepts of
Accelerator, Motion of charge particle in electric and magnetic field, Achievements of Accelerators, Brief
descriptions of Accelerators centers worldwide, Accelerator Centers in India, Applications of accelerators in

Page 22 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

medical science, semiconductors, industry, food sterilization etc.

Unit – II: Accelerators: Electrostatic accelerators: DC Accelerators, Cockcroft-Walton Accelerator, Van-de-

Graaff Accelerator, Principle of Tandem Accelerator, Tandem Pelletron Accelerator,IUAC tandem pelletron
Accelerator, GGV Tandem Pelletron Accelerator
Pulsed Accelerators: Cyclotron accelerator, SynchrotronAccelerators and RRCAT Indore synchrotron,Concept of
synchrotron radiation in linear and circular accelerator, Betatron Accelerator, Radio frequency (RF) accelerators:
Linear Accelerators (LINAC);Physics of Collision and concept of Storage Rings.

Unit – III: ION SOURCES: Production of charged particles, impact ionization,I-V characteristics of electrical
discharge, Extraction & focusing geometries, positive and negative ion sources, radio frequency (RF) ion sources,
penning ionization source, plasmatron&duo-plasmatron, ECR source, TORVIS, sputter ion source: SNICS and
MC-SNICS.

Unit – IV: BEAM OPTICS & BEAM TRANSPORT: Motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic
Felds; Electric rigidity, Magnetic Rigidity, Beam and beam emittance, focusing devices: Magnetic Dipole, Einzel
lens, Magnetic and Electrostatic steerer, Electrostatic Raster Scanner, solenoid, Magnetic and Electrostatic
quadrupole, quadrupole matrix, Beam Line component: Beam profile monitor, Faraday cup, slit.

Reference Book
1. Accelerator Physics, S.Y. Lee, World Scientific, Singapore, 1999
2. Principles of Cyclic Particle Accelerators, J.J. Livingood, D. Van Nostrand Co. 1961
3. The physics of particle accelerators: an introduction by Klaus Wille, Oxford Press USA, 2000.
4. Particle Accelerators, J.P. Blewett, McGraw Hill Book Co.
5. Particle Accelerator physics by H. Wiedemann, Springer, Year: 2007

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5 PSO6
CO1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
CO3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 3: Respective Discipline Specific elective Lab – 3 Credit: 2 (0+0+2)

Course Code: PPPCLD2
Semester – IV
Core–9: Atomic and Molecular Physics Credit: 5 (4+1+0)
Course Code: PPPDTT1
Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop
 An understanding of Vector atom model and Coupling Schemes
 Ability to understand the splitting of spectral lines and understanding the phenomenon related to the
application of electric and magnetic field.
 Understanding the different molecular spectra and deeper understanding of branches.
 Ability to Understand Raman phenomenon and its versatile applications
 Understanding of different molecular states

Learning Outcomes:

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

At the end of this course student will demonstrate the ability to:
 Understand the classical and quantum mechanical description of the atomic structure and related
phenomena. Vector atom model and coupling of spin and angular momenta.
 Understand the origin of different spectra of alkali materials, Coupling schemes, Breit scheme, and
splitting of energy levels for lighter and heavy atoms.
 Understand the origin of different molecular spectra. Molecular symmetry, vibrational and rotational
spectra and phenomena related to it.
 Understand the relations and connections between vibrational spectra.(such as IR and Raman) and
symmetry of polyatomic molecules along with their electronic structure.
 Apply the knowledge of molecular states to explain the molecular spectra.

Unit – I: Quantum state of one electron atoms, Atomic orbits, Hydrogen spectrum Pauli’s principle, Spectra of
alkali elements, Spin orbit interaction and fine structure in alkali spectra. Selection rules, concept of parity.
Quantum mechanical description of Helium atom.

Unit – II: Equivalent and non-equivalent electrons, normal and anomalous Zeeman effect, Paschen Back
effect, Stark effect. Multi electron atom. Interaction energy in LS and JJ coupling. Hyperfine structure of
Spectral lines. X-Ray Spectra, Line broadening mechanisms.

Unit – III: Type of molecules-Diatomic linear symmetric top, asymmetric top and spherical top molecules,
Rotational spectra of diatomic molecules as a rigid rotor, Energy levels and spectra of non rigid rotor-intensity
of rotational lines. Vibration energy of diatomic molecule –PQR branches, IR spectrometer (qualitative).
General idea of IR and Raman spectroscopy, analysis of simple diatomic molecules, Intensities of vibrational
lines. Selection rules.

Unit – IV: Electronic Spectra: Franck-Condon Principle, Electronic band spectra in absorption, Rotational
structure of electronic bands, Molecular electronic states, Forbideden transitions in molecular spectra,
Determination of Molecular states.

Reference Books:
1. Introduction to atomic spectra-H.E.White
2. Fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy-C.B.Benwell
3. Spectroscopy Vol. I II III- Walker & Straughen
4. Introduction of molecular spectroscopy- G.M.Barrow
5. Spectra of diatomic molecules –Herzberg
6. Molecular spectroscopy Jeanne L Michele
7. Modern spectroscopy –J.M.Holias
8. Molecular spectroscopy –J.M.Brown Spectra of atoms and molecules -P.F.Bernath

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
4
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
5
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Core–10: Electrodynamics Credit: 5 (4+1+0)

Course Code: PPPDTT2
Course Objective:
 To study basics law of electromagnetic field, Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic boundary
conditions.
 To study dielectric and polarizations and its theory.
 To study Electromagnetic wave in Matter, Propagation in linear media, reflection and transmission at
normal incident, and oblique incidence.
 To study wave Guide, Coulomb and Lorentz Gauge.
 To study the laws of electrodynamics under relativistic motion and the concept, and principle of
electromagnetic radiation.
Course outcome:
After completion of this course, the students will be able to:
 Explain basic law of Electrodynamics, Maxwell’s equations in matter and Poynting’s theorem.
 Explain laws of reflection, refraction as outcomes of electromagnetic boundary condition
 Understand the idea of electromagnetic wave propagation through waveguides and transmission lines.
 Express the laws of electrodynamics under relativistic methods and the concept and principle of
electromagnetic radiation.

Unit – I: Electromagnetic field:Motion of charged particle in electromagnetic field, Uniform E and B

fields, Nonuniform fields, Diffusion across magnetic fields, Time varying E and B fields, Adiabatic
invariants, First, second and third adiabatic invariant.
Electromotive force and Electromagnetic induction: Poynting’s theorem, Wave equations for electric
and magnetic fields and their solutions.

Unit – II: Relativistic Electrodynamics: Four-vector and Lorentz transformation in four dimensional
space, Proper time and Proper Velocity, Relativistic energy and Momentum, relativistic Kinematics,
Magnetism as Relativistic phenomenon, Relativistic Potentials, electromagnetic field tensor in four
dimensions and Maxwell’s equations, Dual field tensor.
Potentials and Fields: Vector and scalar potential, Retarded potential, LienardWienchert Potential,Gauge
Transformation, Coulomb and Lorentz Gauge.

Unit – III: Electromagnetic Wave: Electromagnetic wave in matter, Propagation in linear media,
Reflection and Transmission at Normal incident and Oblique incidence, Electromagnetic Waves in
conductors, Skin depth, relative directions, phase of E and H in conducting medium. Boundary conditions
on the field at interface of two media, Frequency dependence of Permittivity, introduction of Wave Guide.

Unit – IV: Electric Fields in Matter: Dielectric materials, Polarization, Electric field of a polarized
material, Bound charges, Gauss’s law in dielectric materials, Linear dielectric materials, Boundary
conditions at the interface of two dielectrics. Radiations: Dipole radiation, Electric and Magnetic dipole
radiation, Radiation from arbitrary source, angular distribution of power radiated, Bremsstralung,
Introduction of matter radiation interaction.

Reference Books:
1. Classical Electrodynamics, J. D. Jackson, (John Wiley).
2. Introduction to electrodynamics, D. J. Griffiths,
3. Classical theory of fields, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, (Addison-Wesley).
4. Electrodynamics of continuous media, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, (AddisonWesley).
5. Electrodynamics, A. Somerfield, (Academic Press, Freeman and Co.).
6. Classical Electricity and Magnetism, W.K.H. Panofsky and M. Phillips: (AddisonWesley).
7. Feynman Lectures Vol. II.
8. Berkeley Series Volume II.
9. Electricity and Magnetism, Reitz, Milford, Christy
Introduction to Electrodynamics, A. Z. Capri and P. V. Panat (Narosa)

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 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
4
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 4: i. Advanced Condensed Matter Physics–II

Course Code: PPPDTD1 Credit: 3 (3+0+0)

Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 Understanding of various methods of density functional theory
 Super conductivity and its applications be understood.

Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 Advanced concepts condensed matter physics be cleared
 Advanced device applications may be derived

Unit – I: Electrons in a periodic lattice: the tight-binding method, elementary ideas of cellular, APW, OPW
and pseudo potential methods of calculating band structures.

Unit – II: Many electron interactions: Hartree and Hartree-Fock approximations, self-consistent field
method,
correlation energy, dielectric screening, dielectric function of an electron gas, random phase
approximation.

Unit – III: Electron-electron interaction: quasi-particle, Landau’s Fermi liquid theory, Meissner effect,
London equations, coherence length, Cooper pair, BCS theory of superconductivity, concept of
Ginzburg-Landau theory.

Unit – IV: Electron-photon interaction: polarons, transport phenomena, Onsager relations, Boltzmann
transport equations and its linearization, relaxation time approximation, application to lattice and
electronic conduction in insulators and metals.

Reference Books:
1. Madelung : Introduction to solid state theory
2. Huang : Theoretical solid state physics
3. Kittel : Quantum theory of solids.
4. Verma&Srivastave : Crystallogrphy for solid state physics
5. Kittel : Solid state physics
6. Aschroft&Mermin : Solid State Physics,
7. M A Wahab: Solid State Physics
8. Omar: Elementary Solid State physics
9. Ziman: Electrons and Phonons

Page 26 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2
Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 4: ii. Advanced Nuclear Physics – II

Course Code: PPPDTD1 Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 To develop deep understanding about nuclear reactions
 To develop the understanding of nuclear instrumentations and learn basic electrons involved in the
experiments.

Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 Perform the experiments with basic understanding of nuclear instrumentation.
 Details of nuclear reaction theory to understand the exciting nuclear structure

Unit – I: Nuclear Reactions: Classification of nuclear reactions, Direct and Compound nuclear reaction
mechanisms, Discussion of Compound nucleus model, Resonance, level density, decay, cross-section,
entrance channel effect, Statistical model, Pre-equilibrium model, Direct reactions: elastic and inelastic
scattering, examples of direct reactions, nuclear spectroscopy from direct reactions. Concept of Optical
Model, Rearrangement collision: DWBA approach.

Unit – II: Heavy ion induced nuclear reactions: Heavy ion reactions (Semiclassical approach), Elastic
scattering, Coulomb excitation, Deep inelastic collisions, Fusion, Fission, Coulomb excitation and its
applications. Spontaneous fission, Mass energy distribution of fission fragments.

Unit – III: Measurements Techniques: Interaction of charged particles and radiation with matter,
Simplified detector model , Detection technique, detector characteristics (sensitivity, response, efficiency,
dead time), Ionizing Radiations, gas detectors, Scintillation counters : Organic and inorganic scintillators -
Theory, characteristics and detection efficiency Solid state detectors: semiconductor detectors, surface
barrier detectors, experimental techniques in particle and gamma ray spectroscopy, gamma detector arrays,
coincidence method.

Unit – IV: Nuclear Electronics and Statistics: Analog and digital pulses, Signal pulses, Transient effects
in an R-C Circuit, Pulse shaping, Linear amplifiers, Pulse height discriminators, General characteristics of
single & multi-channel methods, Introduction to data acquisition system (MCA,CAMAC and VME).
Statistics of counting, Poisson and Gaussian distribution, statistical quality of data, chi-square test.

Reference books:
1. Introducing Nuclear Physics by K. S. Krane (Wiley India., 2008 ) .
2. Introductory Nuclear Physics S. M. Wong (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)
3. Nuclear Physics - Theory & Experiments by R.R. Roy &B.P.Nigarn (New Age lnternational, 2005)
4. Kaplan Irving, Nuclear Physics, Narosa Publishing House, (2000).
5. Introduction to nuclear reaction - Carlos Bertulani, Pawel Danielewicz
6. Radiation detection and measurement, G.F. Knoll (John Wiley & Sons, 2000).
7. Theoretical Nuclear Physics, J.M. Blatt &V.F.Weisskopf (Dover Pub.Inc., 1991)
8. Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments. W.R. Leo, (Springer- Verlag,1993)

Page 27 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 4: iii. Astronomy and Astrophysics– II

Course Code: PPPDTD1 Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Objectives:
The course aims to develop an understanding of:
 The type of waves and various phenomenon of optics.
 The superposition of waves, progressive and stationary waves, optical phenomenon based on
superposition of waves such as Interference and Diffraction.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 The basic quantities used in astronomy such as coordinates, Stellar Distance, magnitude, and Stellar
Luminosity etc. and measurement techniques of astrophysical quantities as well as spectral
classification of stars.
 Formation and Evolution of Star and the fate of low and high mass stars, as well as the physics of white
dwarfs, neutron starts, pulsars and black holes.
 Binary Stars and Star Clusters, as well as their Classifications.
 The workings of astronomical instruments as well as their use.

Unit – I: Variable Stars: Classification of Variable Stars, Cepheid Variables, Period-Luminosity Relations
of Cepheid Variables, RV Tauri Variables, Mira Variables, Red Irregular and Semi-regular Variables, Beta
Canis Major Variables, U Geminorum and Flare Stars, Pulsation theory of Variable Stars.

Unit – II: Milkyway Galaxy and Normal Galaxies: The Milkyway Galaxy: Structure of the Milkyway,
Oort’s Theory of Galactic Rotation, Dynamics of the Spiral Arms, Distribution of Interstellar matter,
Central regions of the Milkyway. Normal Galaxies: Classification of galaxies, Hubble Sequence: Elliptical,
Lenticulars and Spiral Galaxies, and Their Properties, Distribution of Light and Mass in Galaxies,
Brightness Profiles, Distribution of Gas and Dust in Galaxies.

Unit – III: Active galaxies: Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), Seyfert galaxies, BL Lac Objects, LINERs,
and Radio Galaxies: General Properties, Superluminal motion, Quasars: Properties and Energy
Requirements, Nature of Quasar redshifts, Supermassive Black Hole Model and Unified model of AGNs.

Unit – IV: Cosmology: Cosmology: Cosmological Principle, Robertson-Walker Line Element,

Cosmological Red shift, Hubble’s Law, Models of the Universe, Friedman Models, Density Evolution,
Critical Density, Models with the Cosmological Constant, Observable Quantities – Luminosity and
Angular Diameter Distances, Red shift- Magnitude Relation, Steady State Cosmology.
Relics of the Big Bang, Early Universe, Thermodynamics of the Early Universe, Primordial Neutrinos,
Helium Synthesis and Other Nuclei, Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB).

Reference Books:
1. Modern Astrophysics, B.W. Carroll and D.A. Ostlie, Addison-Wealey publishing Co.
2. The Physical Universe: An Introduction to Astronomy, F. Shu, Mill Valley: University Science Books.
3. Universe, R.A. Freedman and W.J. Kaufmann, W.H. Freeman & Co

Page 28 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

4. Fundamental of Astronomy, H. Karttunen et al., Springer

5. The Physics of Stars, A.C. Phillips, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
6. An Introduction to Astrophysics, Baidyanath Basu, Prentice Hall of India.
7. Textbook of Astronomy and Astrophysics with Elements of Cosmology, V.B. Bhatia, New Delhi,
Narosa Publishing House.
8. Theoretical Astrophysics, Vol. I: Astrophysical processes T. Padmanabhan, Cambridge University
Press.
9. Theoretical Astrophysics, Vol. – II: Stars and Stellar Systems, T. Padmanabhan, Cambridge University
Press.
10. Theoretical Astrophysics, Vol. – III: Galaxies and Cosmology, T. Padmanabhan, Cambridge University
Press.
11. Introductory Astronomy and Astrophysics, M. Zeilik and S.A. Gregory, 4th edition, Saunders College
Publishing.
12. The New Cosmos, A. Unsold and B. Baschek, Newyork, Springer Velas.
13. Galactic Astronomy, J. Binney and M. Merrifield, Princeton University Press.
14. Galactic Dynamics, J. Binney and S. Tremaine, Princeton University Press.
15. An Introduction to Active Galactic Nuclei, B.M. Peterson, Cambridge University Press.
16. Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei, A.K. Kembhavi and J.V. Narlikar, Cambridge University Press.
17. Introduction to Cosmology, J. V. Narlikar, 3 rd edition, Cambridge University Press.
18. General relativity and Cosmology, J. V. Narlikar-Delhi: Macmillan Company of India Ltd.
Structure Formation in the Universe, T. Padmanbhan, Cambridge University Press.

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
3
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1
4

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 4: Astronomy and Astrophysics–II Lab

Course Code: PPPDLD1 Credit: 2 (0+0+2)
Name of the experiments
1. Study of Quasar
2. Study of the Orbit of a visual Binary Star
3. Determine the mass of Saturn and its rotational velocity
4. Verification of Hubble’s law and determination of Hubble’s constant and age of the Universe
5. Study of light curves of Cepheid variable stars
6. Study of proper motion of stars
7. Determination of period and distance of pulsar
8. Photoelectric photometry of Pleiades star cluster
9. Study of expansion of the universe and calculate the age of universe using computer program CLEA
10. Determine the distance of small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) using Period-Luminosity Relation of
Cepheid Variable star

DSE – 4: iv. Molecular Spectroscopy– II

Course Code: PPPDTD1 Credit: (3+0+0)

Page 29 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

DSE – 4: v. Material Science – II

Course Code: PPPDTD1 Credit: (3+0+0)

DSE – 4: vi. Accelerator Physics– II

Course Code: PPPDTD1 Credit: (3+0+0)

Course Objective

The course aims to develop an understanding of:

 This course will help to know about the ion-solid interactions and its consequences.
 Student will gain knowledge about the use of ion beam induced materials modification, materials
synthesis, synthesis of nanostructures and nanopatterns.
 This paper will help students to understand various nuclear/ion beam analysis techniques.
 This paper will be useful to the students to understand heavy ion nuclear reactions.
Learning Outcome
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to address following points:
 The students will understand the basics of ion-solid interactions.
 The student will be able design different experiments using ion beam.
 The students will understand various nuclear/ion beam analysis techniques.
 The students will understand heavy ion nuclear reactions.

Unit – I: Ion-Solid Interaction: Interaction of an energetic charged particle with a free electron gas, ion-
solid interaction, and Energy loss process: nuclear stopping and electronic stopping, Synergic Effects of
nuclear and electronic energy Loss, Coulomb explosion, Thermal spike, and pressure spike models, Range
of ions, energy and range straggling, Basic ion beam simulation programs, SRIM & TRIM, limitations and
modifications, stopping and range of ions in matter by Monte-Carlo methods,

Unit – II: Materials Modification with Ion Beam: Ion implantation, Ion Irradiation, radiation damage
and structural change; Ion sputtering, phase transformations; Ion beam mixing, impurity incorporation;
Synthesis of nanostructured materials under electronic excitation, Ion induced crystallizations and epitaxial
crystallization, ion induced structural phase transitions, buried layers, Ion induced surface nano-structuring,
nanostructures using self-organization

Unit – III: Nuclear Techniques/Ion Beam Analysis Techniques: Applications of Accelerator: Trace
element analysis: various methods, Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RB)S, RBS-channeling,
Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA), Particle Induced X-ray emission (PIXE), Nuclear Reaction
Analysis (NRA), Particle Induced g-ray Emission (PIGE), Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) technique,
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS).

Unit – IV: Heavy Ion Nuclear Reactions: Special features of heavy ions scattering (Q-and L-window),
semi classical models, deflection functions, rainbow and Glory scattering, quasi elastic and transfer
reactions, deep inelastic scattering, complete and incomplete fusion, fission

Reference Book:
1. Ion Implantation and Synthesis of Material, M Nastasi and J W Mayer, Springer 2006.
2. Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiment by W.R. Leo
3. Ion-Solid Interaction: Fundamentals & Applications By M. Nastasi, J.W. Mayer & J.K. Hirvonen.
4. Nano Fabrication by Ion Beam Sputtering, T Som and D Kanjilal.
5. Swift heavy ions for materials engineering and nanostructuring, D.K. Avasthi and G.K. Mehta, Capital
publishing company, New Delhi (2011).
6. Material Science with Ion Beam, Harry Bernas, Springer 2010.

Page 30 of 31
 M.Sc. (Physics)

Course Outcomes and their mapping with Programme Outcomes:

PO PSO
CO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
1
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
2
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
3
CO 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1
4

Weightage: 1-Sightly; 2-Moderately; 3-Strongly

DSE – 4: Respective Discipline Specific elective Lab – 4

Course Code: PPPDLD1 Credit: 2 (0+0+2)

Page 31 of 31