Scribd
Upload
23 views26 pages

Chapter 5 Global Population and Mobility

Global-Population-and-Mobility

Uploaded by

Cecilia Rebose
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
23 views26 pages

Chapter 5 Global Population and Mobility

Global-Population-and-Mobility

Uploaded by

Cecilia Rebose
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

Global Population

and Mobility
Unit V
1. The Global City
2. Global Demography
3. Global Migration
GLOBAL CITY
“Just as the great industrial cities grew
from the industrial era, global cities are the
product of the global economy. Any
definition of a global city starts with its
economy and with its place in the larger
global economy” (Longhorn,2015)
GLOBAL CITY
An urban center that enjoys significant competitive advantages and that
serves as a hub within a globalized economic system. The term has its
origins in research on cities carried out during the 1980s, which examined
the common characteristics of the world’s most important cities. However,
with increased attention being paid to processes of globalization during
subsequent years, these world cities came to be known as global cities.
GLOBAL CITY

• Global cities are “strategic


sites” that manage and guide
the global economy. Many of
these cities were already
centers for international trade
and banking.
Indicators of a Global City
1. Seats of Economic Power
2. Economic Opportunities
3. Economic Competitiveness
4. Centers of Authority
5. Centers of Political Influence
6. Centers of Higher Learning and
Culture
Global Demography
Lesson 2
Demography: Meaning and Its Origin

➢The term demography was derived from the Greek words demos for
“population” and graphia for “description” or “writing,” thus the
phrase, “writings about population.”

It was coined by Achille Guillard, a Belgian statistician, in


1855
➢The origins of modern demography can be traced back to
the John Graunt’s analysis of ‘Bills of Mortality’ which was
published in 1662.
Demographic transition started in mid- or late 1700’s in Europe. During that time,
death rates and fertility began to decline

High to low fertility happened 200 years in France and 100 years in the United States.

In other parts of the world, the transition began later. It was only in the 20th century that
mortality decline in Africa and Asia, with the exemption of Japan. In India, life expectancy in
India was only 24 years in the early 20th century while the same life expectancy occurred in
China in 1929 until 1931.

Fertility decline in Asia did not begin until the 1950’s and so on. 184 In the case of Japan, it was until
the 1930’s that “total fertility rate did not drop below five births per woman” 185 This resulted in rapid
population growth after the Second World War affecting the age structure of Asia and the developing
world.

Specifically, the baby boom in the developing world was caused by the decline of infant and
child mortality rates. The West, on the other hand, experienced baby boom that resulted from
rising birth rates.
Effect of Demographic Transition
A remarkable effect of the demographic transition is ‘the enormous gap in
life expectancy that emerged between Japan and the West on the one
hand and the rest of the world on the other.”
” By 1820, the life expectancy at birth of Japan and the West was 12 years greater than
that of other countries. It increased by 20 years by 1900. Although there was an
improvement in life expectancy all throughout the world in 1900-1950, the gap had
reached 22 years. In 1999, the gap declined to 14 years. These differences in time of
transition affected the global population.

During the 19th century, Europe and the West had an increased in share in the world’s
population, from 22.0 percent to 33.0 percent, while Asia and Oceania’s contribution
dropped from 69.0 percent to 56.7. India and China suffered from economic
stagnation and decline during that time.
Theory of Demographic Transition

Stage 1 - Pre-industrial society, death rates and birth rates are


high and roughly in balance.
Stage 2 - Developing country, death rates drop rapidly due to
improvements in food supply and sanitation, which increase life spans
and reduce disease. Afghanistan is currently in this stage
Stage 3- Birth rates fall.
Stage 4 - There are both low birth rates and low death rates.
Stage 5 (Debated) – Increased in infertility rates
Global Migration
Lesson 3
➢GLOBAL MIGRATION is a situation Global Migration:
in which people go to live in foreign Meaning and
countries especially to find a job.
Though it can be often seen as a Concept
permanent move rather than a
complex series of backward or
onward series.
➢MIGRATION is often conceptualized
as a move from an origin to a
destination, or from a place of birth
to another destination across
administrative borders within a
country or international borders.
INTERNAL MIGRATION - This refers to people
moving from one area to another within one
Types of country.
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION - This refers to
Migration the movement people who cross the borders
of one country to another.
A. IMMIGRANTS B. WORKERS

C. ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS D. MIGRANTS

E. REFUGEES
A push factor induces people to move
Reasons for
out of their present location Migration
A pull factor induces people to move into
a new location.
Can be especially a compelling push factor,
forcing people to emigrate from a country.
Forced international migration has historically
occurred for two main cultural reasons: slavery
and political instability.

Cultural
Factor
Situation of war,
oppression and the lack of
socio-political rights are
the major factors of
migration in contemporary
Socio-political time. Lack of political
rights and prevalent
Factor exploitation of a particular
group or community in any
nation state act as push
factors for migration to get
away
Environmental
Factor

“Environmental migrants are persons or groups of persons who, for compelling


reasons of sudden or progressive changes in the environment that adversely affect
their lives or living conditions, are obliged to leave their habitual homes, or choose
to do so, either temporarily or permanently, and who move either within their
country or abroad”. This definition comprises the people who have been displaced
by natural disasters and those who choose to migrate because of worsening
environmental condition of a particular area. The environmentally caused
migration can be internal as well as international
‘Remittances are more stable and predictable
as compared to other financial flows and, more
importantly, they are counter-cyclical providing
Economic
buffer against economic shocks. In conflict or
post–conflict situations, remittances can be
crucial to survival, sustenance, rehabilitation,
Factors
and reconstruction. In providing primarily for
household livelihoods, remittances are spent
on general consumption items in local
communities that contribute to local economies
by supporting small businesses.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy