CIVL2321 : Smart City Technologies

(Programme Elective, Level 2)

L-T-P-S-J-C : 3-0-0-0-0-3 I(70) + E(30) = T(100) Stream: Civil
All Schools: VII Semester Total Students: 74
Timings: M-W-F (12-12:50)/G-Learn
L-T-P-S-J-C : Lecture-Tutorial-Practical-Soft Skill-Project-Credit
Dr. Hemaraju Pollayi
Unit 1: Introduction to Smart Cities (5 Hours)

Unit 2: Concepts of Energy Management (5 Hours)

Unit 3: Intelligent Transportation System - ITS (6 Hours)

Unit 4: Smart Water Monitoring System (6 Hours)

Unit 5: Principles of 3Rs in Waste Management (6 Hours)

01.07.2024 E-mail: dpollayi@gitam.edu Civil Engineering
 Course Description
❖ Help to Learn about Smart City Technologies & How to Make Best of
Smart Technologies in Your Cities Legacy Infrastructures

❖ Develop Understanding of Urban Infrastructure & Main Principles for

Urban Infrastructure Management

❖ Understand Key Components that makes Smart Urban Infrastructure

System & Develop Special Understanding of Smart Transport & Energy
Infrastructure
Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies 2
 Course Educational Objectives
(CEOs)
❖ To Provide Insight on Smart Cities

❖ To Understand Concepts of Energy Management

❖ To Create Awareness on ITS

❖ To Understand Smart Monitoring of Water Supply

❖ To Learn Principles of Reduce-Reuse-Recycle in Waste Management

Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies 3
 Pre/Co-Requisite & Preferable Exposure
Pre-Requisite
(ముందస్తు అవసరుం)

❖ None

CO-Requisite
(సహ-అవసరుం)

❖ None

Preferable Exposure
(ప్రాధాన్య అవగాహన్)

❖ None
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 Course Outcomes
At End of Course, Student will be able to:
❖ Demonstrate Knowledge on Smart Cities
❖ Apply Smart Solutions for Energy Management
❖ Analyze Various Urban Mobility Options
❖ Illustrate Different Smart Water Management Techniques
❖ Describe Effective Management of Commercial
& Domestic Waste

Bloom’s Digital Taxonomy

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 Bloom's Taxonomy Funnel Book (1949)

❖ Taxonomy (వర్గ ీకరణ శాస్తసుంు ) = Scheme of Classification

Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals

❖ Named after Benjamin Bloom

(Chairman: Committee of Educators that Devised Taxonomy)
❖ Bloom’s Taxonomy: Set of 3 Hierarchical Models
used for Classification of Educational Learning Objectives into
Levels of Complexity & Specificity

❖ 3 Cover Learning Objectives in:

- Cognitive Domain (అవగాహన్/याद रखने/knowledge-based)
- Affective Domain (ప్రరభావితమైన్/प्रभावशाली/emotion-based)
- Psychomotor Domain (మాన్సిక ప్రరప్రియ/मनोप्रेरणा/action-based)
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 Course Layout
❖ Course will be Covered in 5 Units

❖ Various Aspects of Smart Technologies will be Covered in these Units,

with Each Unit dedicated to on Equivalent Smart Solutions

❖ Assignments will be posted Periodically

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 CO-PO Mapping

❖ Approved In:
- BOS (Board of Studies) COs : Course Outcomes
- Academic Council POs : Program Outcomes
PSOs: Programme Specific Outcomes

❖ SDG No. & Statement:

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 SDG Justification
Course Provides:

✓?

✓?

✓?

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 Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs)
❑ Global Goals (ప్రరరుంచ లక్ష్యయ లు/वैश्विक लक्ष्य)

Collection of 17 Inter-Linked Objectives Designed to Serve as Shared Blue-

Print for Peace & Prosperity for People & Planet, Now & into Future

Website : https://sdgs.un.org/
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 SDGs

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 SDG No.& Statement

❖ SDG No. :

❖ Statement :

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 Unit 1
▪ Challenge of Urbanization

▪ Introduction to Smart Cities

▪ Features

▪ Digitalization

▪ General Implications of Digitalization on Cities

▪ Perspectives on Smart Cities

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 Unit 2

▪ Smart Meters & Management

▪ Renewable Sources of Energy

▪ Energy Efficient Green Buildings

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 Unit 3
▪ Smart Parking

▪ Intelligent Traffic Management

▪ Integrated Multi-Model Transport

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 Unit 4
▪ Smart Meters & Management

▪ Leakage Identification

▪ Preventive Maintenance

▪ Water Quality Monitoring

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 Unit 5
▪ Waste to Energy & Fuel

▪ Waste to Compost

▪ Wastewater Treatment

▪ Concepts of Recycling/Reduction of Commercial/Domestic

Waste 1
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 Text Books
Smart Cities – Mission Statement and Guidelines (Ministry of Urban Development, Govt. of India, 2015)

G Halegoua, Smart Cities (MIT Press, 2020)

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 References
T M Vinod Kumar, Geographic Information System for Smart Cities (Copal Publishing, 2015)

P P Anil Kumar, Introduction to Smart Cities (Pearson Publications, 2019)

L Neckermann, Smart Cities Smart Mobility (Matador, 2018)

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 Smart City

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 Smart City
❖ No Universally Accepted Definition
❖ Different Things to Different People
❖ Conceptualization Varies from City to City & Country to Country
Depending on:

➢Level of Development
➢Willingness to Change & Reform
➢Resources & Aspirations of City Residents
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 Smart City

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 City
❖ Human Settlement of Notable Size

❖ [Definition] Permanent & Densely Settled Place with Administratively Defined

Boundaries whose Members Work Primarily on Non-Agricultural Tasks

❖ Extensive Systems for Housing, Transportation, Sanitation, Utilities, Land Use,

Production of Goods, Communication

❖ Small-City Population : 100,000 People

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 Smart Cities Mission
❖ Objective : Promote Cities that provide Core Infrastructure
& Give Decent Quality-of-Life to Citizens, Clean/Sustainable
Environment & Application of Smart Solutions

❖ [Focus] On Sustainable & Inclusive Development

❖ [Idea] Look at Compact Areas, Create Replicable Model which will act like Light
House to Other Aspiring Cities

❖ Smart Cities Mission of Government is Bold, New Initiative

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 Smart City
❖ Picture of Smart City contains Wish-List of Infrastructure
& Services that Describes his/her Level of Aspiration
❖ To Provide for Aspirations & Needs of Citizens, Urban Planners Ideally Aim at
Developing Entire Urban Eco-System, which is Represented by 4 Pillars of
Comprehensive Development:
➢ Institutional Infrastructure
➢ Physical Infrastructure
➢ Social Infrastructure
➢ Economic Infrastructure
❖ Long-Term Goal & Cities can work towards developing
such comprehensive infrastructure incrementally, adding
on layers of Smartness
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 Smart City
Core Infrastructure Elements in Smart City Include:
▪ Adequate Water Supply
▪ Assured Electricity Supply
▪ Sanitation (including Solid Waste Management)
▪ Efficient Urban Mobility & Public Transport
▪ Affordable Housing (especially for poor)

▪ Robust IT Connectivity & Digitalization

▪ Good Governance (especially e-Governance & Citizen Participation)
▪ Sustainable Environment
▪ Safety & Security of Citizens (particularly women, children, elderly)
▪ Health & Education

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 Smart City
As far as Smart Solutions Concerned, Cities free to add more
applications:

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 Smart Cities Mission
❖ Purpose : To drive economic growth & improve quality of
life of people by enabling local area development &
harnessing technology (especially technology that leads to Smart outcomes)
❖ Area-based development will transform existing areas (retrofit/redevelop),
including slums, into better planned ones, thereby improving livability of whole City
❖ New areas (Greenfield) will be developed around cities in order to accommodate
expanding population in urban areas
❖ Application of Smart Solutions will enable Cities to use Technology, Information,
Data to improve Infrastructure & Services
❖ Comprehensive development will improve quality of life, create employment &
enhance incomes for all, especially poor/disadvantaged
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 Challenge of Urbanization
(రట్టణీకరణ సవాలు)
❖ Cities are Engines of Growth for Economy of Every Nation, including India
❖ Nearly 31% of India’s current population lives in urban areas & contributes 63% of
India’s GDP (Census 2011) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) : Market value of all final goods & services from Nation in Given Year
❖ With increasing urbanization, urban areas are expected to house 40% of India’s
population & contribute 75% of India’s GDP by 2030
❖ Requires comprehensive development of physical, institutional, social, economic
infrastructure
❖ All are important in improving quality of life & attracting people/investments to
City, setting in motion a virtuous cycle of growth & development
❖ Development of Smart Cities is a step in that Direction
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 Smart Cities Selection Process

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No. of Cities allocated to States based on Urban
Population & No. of Statutory Towns

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Typical Features of Comprehensive Development in Smart Cities
(స్మా ర్ట ట సిటీలలో సమప్రర అభివృద్ధి యొకక విలక్షణమైన్ లక్షణాలు)
❖ Promoting Mixed Land Use in Area-Based Developments - Planning for Unplanned
Areas containing range of Compatible Activities & Land Uses close to one another in
order to make Land Use more Efficient
- States will enable some Flexibility in Land Use & Building Bye-Laws to adapt to Change
❖ Housing & Inclusiveness - Expand Housing Opportunities for All
❖ Creating Walkable Localities - Reduce Congestion, Air Pollution & Resource
Depletion, Boost Local Economy, Promote Interactions & Ensure Security
- Road Network is created/refurbished not only for Vehicles & Public Transport,
but also for Pedestrians/Cyclists, Necessary Administrative Services are offered
within Walking/Cycling Distance
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Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies
Typical Features of Comprehensive Development in Smart Cities
(స్మా ర్ట ట సిటీలలో సమప్రర అభివృద్ధి యొకక విలక్షణమైన్ లక్షణాలు)
❖ Preserving & Developing Open Spaces - Parks, Playgrounds, Recreational Spaces
in order to enhance Quality of Life of Citizens, Reduce Urban Heat Effects in Areas &
Generally Promote Eco-Balance
❖ Promoting Variety of Transport Options - Transit Oriented Development (TOD),
Public Transport & Last Mile Para-Transport Connectivity
❖ Making Governance Citizen-Friendly & Cost-Effective - increasingly rely on Online
Services to bring about Accountability & Transparency, especially using mobiles to
reduce cost of services & providing services without having to go to Municipal
Offices
- Form e-Groups to Listen to People & obtain Feedback & use Online Monitoring of
Programs/Activities with aid of Cyber Tour of Worksites
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Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies
Typical Features of Comprehensive Development in Smart Cities
(స్మా ర్ట ట సిటీలలో సమప్రర అభివృద్ధి యొకక విలక్షణమైన్ లక్షణాలు)

❖ Giving Identity to City - based on Main Economic Activity, such as Local

Cuisine, Health, Education, Arts & Craft, Culture, Sports Goods, Furniture,
Hosiery, Textile, Dairy

❖ Applying Smart Solutions to Infrastructure & Services in Area-Based

Development in order to make them better
- [For example] Making Areas Less Vulnerable to Disasters, Using Fewer
Resources, & Providing Cheaper Services
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Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies
 Coverage & Duration : Smart Cities Mission

❖ Mission will cover 100 Cities & Duration will be 5 years (FY 2015-16 to FY 2019-20)

❖ Mission may be continued thereafter in light of Evaluation to be done by Ministry of

Urban Development (MoUD) & incorporating learnings into Mission

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 Smart Cities Mission : Strategy (వ్యయ హుం)

Strategic Components of Area-Based Development in Smart Cities Mission are:

▪ City Improvement (Retrofitting)

3 Models
▪ City Renewal (Redevelopment) of
Area-Based Smart City Development

▪ City Extension (Greenfield Development)

▪ Pan-City Initiative (in which Smart Solutions applied Covering Larger Parts of City)

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 Retrofitting (న్రర అభివృద్ధి /అవసరమైన్ మార్పు లు)

▪ Retrofitting will introduce planning in existing built-up area to achieve Smart City
objectives, along with other objectives, to make existing area more efficient & liveable
▪ In retrofitting, area consisting of more than 500acres will be identified by city in
consultation with citizens
▪ Depending on existing level of infrastructure services in identified area & vision of
residents, cities will prepare strategy to become smart
▪ Since existing structures are largely to remain intact in this model, it is expected that
more intensive infrastructure service levels & large number of smart applications will be
packed into retrofitted Smart City
▪ Strategy may be completed in shorter time frame, leading to replication in another part
of city
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 Redevelopment (న్రర పున్ర్పదిరణ/పున్రాభివృద్ధి)

▪ Redevelopment will effect replacement of existing built-up environment & enable co-
creation of new layout with enhanced infrastructure using mixed land use & increased
density
▪ Redevelopment envisages area of more than 50 acres, identified by Urban Local Bodies
(ULBs) in consultation with citizens
▪ [For Example] New layout plan of identified area will be prepared with mixed land-use,
higher FSI (Floor Space Index) & high ground coverage
2 Examples of Redevelopment Model
1. Saifee Burhani Upliftment Project in Mumbai (Bhendi Bazaar Project)
2. Redevelopment of East Kidwai Nagar in New Delhi being undertaken by National Building
Construction Corporation
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 Greenfield Development (న్రర విసర
ు ణ)
▪ Greenfield Development will introduce most of Smart Solutions in previously vacant area
(more than 250 acres) using:
• Innovative Planning
• Plan Financing
• Plan Implementation Tools (Land Pooling/Land Reconstitution)
with provision for affordable housing, especially for poor
▪ Greenfield Developments are required around cities in order to address needs of
expanding population
▪ [For Example] One well known example : GIFT City in Gujarat
▪ Unlike Retrofitting & Redevelopment, Greenfield Developments could be located either
within limits of ULB (Urban Local Bodies) or within limits of local Urban Development
Authority (UDA)
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 Pan-City Development
▪ Pan-City Development envisages application of selected Smart Solutions to existing city-
wide infrastructure
▪ Application of Smart Solutions will involve use of:
• Technology
• Information
• Data
to make infrastructure & services better
▪ [For Example] Applying Smart Solutions in Transport Sector (Intelligent Traffic
Management System) & reducing average commute time/cost to citizens will have
positive effects on productivity & quality of life of citizens
▪ [2nd Example] Waste Water Recycling & Smart Metering which can make substantial
contribution to Better Water Management in City 40
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 Smart City Proposal
▪ Smart City Proposal of Each Shortlisted City is expected to encapsulate either:
Retrofitting Model
or
Redevelopment Model
or
Greenfield Development Model
or
Mix Model
&
Pan-City Feature with Smart Solution(s)
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 Smart City Proposal
▪ Note : Pan-City is Additional Feature to be Provided
▪ Since Smart City is taking compact area approach, it is necessary that all city
residents feel there is something in it for them also
▪ Additional Requirement of some (at least one) city-wide smart solution has
been put in scheme to make it inclusive
▪ For North Eastern & Himalayan States, Area proposed to be developed will be
one-half of what is prescribed for any of alternative models:
✓ Retrofitting
✓ Redevelopment
✓ Greenfield Development
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 City + Smart = Smart City

Smart + City = Smart City

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 Smart City : Focus Areas
In order to build smart & sustainable cities, different processes/functions
need to work in harmony (స్మమరసయ ుం) with each other … Each building
block is complex

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 Smart City
Core Infrastructure Elements in Smart City Include:
▪ Adequate Water Supply
▪ Assured Electricity Supply
▪ Sanitation (including Solid Waste Management)
▪ Efficient Urban Mobility & Public Transport
▪ Affordable Housing (especially for poor)

▪ Robust IT Connectivity & Digitalization

▪ Good Governance (especially e-Governance & Citizen Participation)
▪ Sustainable Environment
▪ Safety & Security of Citizens (particularly women, children, elderly)
▪ Health & Education

4
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 Digitalization
❖ Foundation of Smart City
❖ With almost 70% of world’s population expected to live in cities by 2050,
increased pressure on cities will need new, innovative solutions
❖ At same time as digital revolution is happening, humanity is facing threat of
climate crisis (వాతావరణ సుంక్షోభుం)
❖ Link between digitalization & sustainability (స్తసిిరత) offers opportunities &
challenges
❖ Digital technologies enable sustainable innovation & can help solve challenges
(increased demand of energy, smart transportation)
❖ Examples (social aspects) of digital technology that can transform cities
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Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies
 Digitalization
❖ Social Aspects of Digital Technology:
▪Safety in Cities
▪Availability of Education
▪Availability of Health Services
❖ Rapid change to digital society puts pressure on society to adjust to new
world
❖ Sweden (in Northern Europe):
o World leading in digital competitiveness & innovation
o Offers solutions within areas (renewable energy, smart grids, water,
waste-to-energy, sustainable construction) that help shape better
tomorrow
Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies 47
 Digitalization
Digitalization [Definition] : Transformation of Business/Industry by using Digital
Technologies to Improve Processes
Digitalization can Improve Cities Liveability in Multiple Domains:
• Security in Streets (cameras/smart surveillance systems)
• Healthcare & Wellbeing (with telemedicine, real-time air quality monitoring)
• Economic Development & Housing (peer-to-peer accommodation platforms)
• Engagement & Community (local connection platforms)
• Management & Operation of Mobility (smart traffic signals)
• Water (leakage detection)
• Waste (optimization of waste collection routes)
• Energy (smart buildings, smart street lighting)
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 Digitalization
• Every Day more than 180,000 People move to City to Live
• Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD) forecasts that by 2050
world population will reach 9 Billion (900 Crore), of whom 70% will live in Urban Centres
• With metropolises already consuming over 75% of world’s energy production &
generating 60% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, many cities opted to strategically
recycle & digitally transform in response to Global Challenges:
➢ Population Growth
➢ Pollution
➢ Scarcity of Resources
➢ Water Management
➢ Energy Efficiency
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 Digitalization
World’s Smartest Cities
According to Smart City
Index (2022),
5 Smartest & Most
Efficient Cities on Planet
in terms of Mobility,
Health, Safety & Productivity:
▪ Shanghai
▪ Seoul
▪ Barcelona
▪ Beijing
▪ New York
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 Digitalization
Possible Blockchain Solutions According to Smart City Digitalization Strategy:

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 Digitalization
Digital Transformation Components in Smart Cities:

Phases of Digital Transformation in Smart Cities:

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 Digitalization
Smart Applications Effect on Cities through 2025:

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 General Implications of Digitalization on Cities
(న్రరాలపై డిజిట్లైజేషన్ యొకక స్మధారణ ప్రరభావాలు)

Perspectives on Smart Cities

(స్మా ర్ట ట సిటీలపై ప్రరభావమ)

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 Smart Cities Initiatives : Indicator Framework
▪ Evaluate Smart Cities Initiatives along their contribution to Societal,
Environmental, Economical, Institutional Improvements

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 6 Dimensions of Smart City
(By European Smart Cities Project)
▪ Focus both on effectiveness (how well intervention is performing against goals) & efficiency
(whether intervention is right course of action to achieve desired impact at least cost), notably
key areas of public service delivery, water, energy, circular economy, mobility, housing, built
environment
Cybersecurity : How well city able to protect digital network/systems & respond to attacks

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 General Implications of Digitalization on Cities
(న్రరాలపై డిజిట్లైజేషన్ యొకక స్మధారణ ప్రరభావాలు)

Opportunities
▪ Improve integration & delivery of public services

▪ Enhance environmental sustainability & resilience

▪ Reduce barriers to entry for entrepreneurs & small firms

▪ Improve city governance & innovation capacity

▪ Engage better with citizens

▪ Improve tourism information & management

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Civil Engineering Smart City Technologies
 General Implications of Digitalization on Cities
(న్రరాలపై డిజిట్లైజేషన్ యొకక స్మధారణ ప్రరభావాలు)

Challenges
▪ Data

▪ Governance

▪ Capacity & skills

▪ Regulatory frameworks

▪ Financing

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 Perspectives on Smart Cities
(స్మా ర్ట ట సిటీలపై ప్రరభావమ)

Blue Rows : Smart Characteristics White Rows : Vision Characteristics

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 Sample Smart City Scenario

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 INDIA

https://www.mygov.in/

https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/smart-cities-mission-step-towards-smart-india

https://smartcities.gov.in/

https://climateclock.world/

https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/india-population/

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 QUIZ-1

Syllabus : Unit-1

Date : 12.07.2024

Time : 12Noon-12:50PM

Mode : Online/G-Learn

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 EVALUATION
(Assessment of Student’s Performance in Theory Course)
❖ Continuous Evaluation : 70 Marks

100M = 70M + 30M

❖ Semester-End Examination : 30 Marks

❖ 5 Class Tests : 5 x 4M = 20M

❖ 2 Mid-Term Examinations (30M Each, Average) = 30M 70M = 20M + 30M + 20M

❖ Assignments + PPT + Coursera = 20M

❖ Mid-I : 19-23 Aug 2024
❖ Mid-II : 21-25 Oct 2024
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 Unit 2

▪ Smart Meters & Management

▪ Renewable Sources of Energy

▪ Energy Efficient Green Buildings

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