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Contemporary World - Chapter 1 Reviewer

Contemporary World

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16 views4 pages

Contemporary World - Chapter 1 Reviewer

Contemporary World

Uploaded by

Blu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Globalization

Concepts of Globalization

The emergence of globalization - More sociable


brought us to become? - Increases our awareness on technological aspect

Different spheres of globalization 1. Political


2. Social
3. Cultural
4. Economic
5. Technology

What happened before the global - People, things, information, places, and objects
age? tend to harden over time
- A form of solidity

What is “solidity”? - The characteristic of being limited to one place


- Persistence of barriers that prevented free
movement of people, information, and objects

What is “fluidity”? - The face of te global age

What aspects have enabled - Technological developments in transportation and


greater global movement? communication

What then characterizes - Flows of liquid phenomena: people, objects,


globalization? decisions, information, and places

Concept of globalization can also - Heavy, light, and weightless


be assessed through metaphors.
What are these metaphors?

What type of societies were - Pre-industrial and industrial societies


characterized as heavy? - Diffiult to move

What made goods, people, and - Advances in transpo ang technology


places lighter?

Different definitions of Globalization from different authors

How many definitions were there? - 4 definitions:


1. Hamilton (2008)
2. Appelbaum and Robinson (2005)
3. Schirato and Webb (2003)
4. Mittelman (2000)

Hamilton (2008) - Globalization is the worldwide integration of


economic, technological, political, cultural, and
social aspects between countries

Appelbaum and Robinson (2005) - Globalization is reshaping how we have


traditionally gone about studying the social world
and human culture and a field of globalization
studies is now emerging across the disciplines

Schirato and Webb (2003) - Globalization as a ‘discursive regime, a kind of


machine that eats up anyone and anything in
its path’. They suggest that ‘globalization
functions as a set of texts, ideas, goals, values,
narratives, dispositions, and prohibitions, a
veritable template for ordering and evaluating
activities whihc is “filled in” or inflected with the
interests of whoever can access it

Mittelman (2000) - Manifestations of globalization include spatial


reorganization of production, interpenetration of
industries across borders, spread of financial
markets, diffusion of identicl consumer goods to
distant countries, massive transfers of population

It is a historical process that - globalization


began on trade and migration in
the past

Broad approaches involved in - First: process that has been going on since the
globalization dawn of history, hence a 5000 to 10000 year time
frame
- Second: a process coterminouse with spread and
development of capitalism and modernity, hence
a 500 year time frame
- Third: phenomenon associated with processes of
post-industrialization, post modernization or the
restructuring capitalism, hence a 20-30 year time
frame

6 core claims of globalism by 1. Globalisation is about the liberalization and global


STEGER, 2005 integration of markets
2. Globalization is inevitable and irreversible
3. Nobody is in charge of globalization
4.

Facts about Globalization

Globalization in economics - Prevalent internal movement of goods, capital


services, technology and information
- Increasing economic integration and
interdependence of national, regional and local
economies

Globalization in Politics - Politics can take place above the state through
political integration patterns such as European
Union
- Political activities can transcend through national
borders through global movement and NGOs

Globalization in Culture - Transmission of ideas, meanings, and values as


to extend and intensify social relations

Globalization in religion - Religious pluralism


- Development of religion as a political and cultural
resource

Globalization in Technology - Technological diffusion

Global Issues

Global issues are contemporary - Political


issues that involve dimensions - Social
such as? - Economic
- Historical
- Geograpical

What are these global issues? 1. Population


2. Food production
3. The energy
4. Military Issues
5. Economic
6. Environmental
7. Poverty

In richer countries, what is helping - Information Revoution


forge a sense of global community
and transnational solidarity?

Theorizing Globalization

How many underlying - There were three (3):


philosophies of varying definitions 1. Imperialism
of globalization? 2. Colonialism
3. Neo-Liberalism

Imperialism - Broad concept


- Methods employed by a country to gain control of
another country, sometimes thru territorial
conquest
- Exercise that control over the country

Colonialism - Generally involves settlers


- Much more formal mechanisms of political
control

Neo-liberalism - View the west as a map for global development


(modernization theory) Hulme and Turner 1990
What is the process of revealing - Decolonization
or dismantling colonialist power in
all forms?

What ideologies favor free trade, - Neo-liberal and laissez-faire economic ideologies
free circulation of capital, and Filmer(1995)
freedom to invest?

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