Adjective.

Adverb
Comparison Patterns

as + adjective / adverb + as
not so / as + adjective / adverb + as

Comparison patterns

Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.

Their house is three times as big as ours.
He is twice as old.
This room is half the size…
He is half my age ….
My suitcase is half the weight of yours.

Ex. 1. Make sentences with “the same as”:

Example: (your hair / the same colour / mine) Your hair is the same colour as mine.
1) (this suit / same size / that one)
2) (I arrived here / the same time / you)
3) (we / live / the same house / you)
4) (They / wear the same uniform / the other team)
5) (Their house / looks / the same / every other house in the street).
6) (They all / received / the same mark / me on the test).
 Comparative Degree

Tom drives more carefully than his wife.

Tom runs faster (more quickly) than the other children.

Personal Pronouns
Subject Form Object Form
I me
You you
He him
She her
It it
We us
 You you
They them

You are younger than I am / me.

Maya runs faster than he does / him.

Children deal with computers better than we do / us.

We came home later than they did / them.

They have writer a dictation better than we have / us.

I can run as fast as he can / him.
They have more free time than we have / us.

Exercise 2.

a bit bigger The bed is a bit (a little/ slightly) more comfortable.

a little faster
slightly better Let’s go by train. It’s much (a lot / far) cheaper.
Don’t go by plane. It’s much (a lot) more expensive.
much more expensive A bus is much (a lot / far) cheaper than a taxi.
a lot more interesting iPhone is much more expensive than Samsung.
far (=a lot)
harder Her illness was far more serious than we at first thought.
more slowly They are working much (a lot / far) harder today.

Ex. 3. Use a bit / a little / much / a lot + comparative. Use than where necessary.

Our History teacher is __much more serious than __ we at first thought. (much / serious)

1. It’s _______________ today _______ it was yesterday. (a little / warm)

2. A: Did you enjoy your visit to the museum?
B: Yes, I found it __ __________ I expected. (much / interesting)
3. I prefer this armchair. It’s ______________ the other one. (much / comfortable)
 4. You looked depressed this morning but you look ___________ now. (a bit / happy)
5. This flat is too small for me. I need something ____________ (much / big).
6. It’s _________ to learn a foreign language in the country where it is spoken. (a lot / easy)
7. She looks about 20, but in fact she’s ___________ she looks. (much / old)
8. We always go camping when we go on holiday. It’s ___________ staying in a hotel. (much
/ cheap)
9. You’re driving too fast. Can you drive ____________ (a bit / slowly)?
10. His songs are ___________________than his operas. (much / famous)
11. It is __________________ in February than in March. (a bit / windy)
12. I am _____________________ today than I was yesterday. (a lot / tired)

Exercise 4.

Superlative degree (Найвищий ступінь)

Superlative degree
The quickest way is along this path.
The last question is the most difficult.
What is the longest river in the world?
What was the most enjoyable holiday you’ve ever had?
That was a delicious meal. It’s one of the best I’ve ever had.
Why does he always come to see me at the worst possible moment?
What is the longest day of the year?

! Note the pattern one of.

Madonna is one of the most famous pop singers ever.
Today is one of the happiest days of my life!
KhNPU is one of the best universities in the world!
It is also one of the oldest universities in Ukraine.

After a superlative we can use in or of.

 In + places / groups of people
It’s the most expensive hotel in Oxford.
Who is the best player in the team?
Who is the oldest person in your family?
What is the biggest square in your city?
What is the most popular monument in London?
Who is the most responsible student in your group?

Of + other cases
This question is the most difficult of all.
August is the wettest month of the year.
February is the shortest month of the year.

We often use a clause after a superlative.

That was the most delicious meal (that) I’ve ever eaten.

Melanie is the nicest person you could meet.

Exercise 2.5.
Exercise 6.

Less and least

We use less and least with both long and short words.

It is less hot today than it was yesterday.

A bus is less expensive than a taxi.
I feel better today, less tired.
You should do less work. You do too much.
Watching TV is less interesting than going out.

I’m the least musical person in the world, I’m afraid.

Exercise 7.
Exercise 8.

more and more

more and more intelligent

She is getting cleverer and cleverer.

The days are getting colder and colder.
Your English is improving. It is getting better and better.
The queue was getting longer and longer.

She is getting more and more intelligent.

The crowd is becoming more and more excited.
It’s becoming more and more difficult to find a job.
These days more and more people are learning English.
The country is rapidly losing its workers, as more and more people are emigrating.

We can also use less and less for something decreasing.

As each new problem arose, we felt less and less enthusiastic.

Exercise 9. More and more _________ .Complete the sentences as in the example:
1. She gets __more and more beautiful__ every day. (beautiful).
2. My toothache is getting _____________ ____ (painful).
3. Your ability to remember things is getting ___________ as the years go by. (bad).
4. As I waited for my interview, I became ______________. (nervous)
5. The hole in your pullover is getting ___________________. (big)
6. As the day went on, the weather got __________________. (bad)
7. As the conversation went on, he became _________________. (talkative)
8. The suit case seemed to get _____________ as I carried it along the road. (heavy)
9. Since she has been in Britain, her English has got __________________. (good)

Exercise 10.

the + comparative the better

“What size box do you want?” “The bigger the better”
the…. the (with two comparatives)
The warmer the weather, the better I feel.
The higher the price, the more reliable the product.
The more expensive the hotel, the better the service.
The more electricity you use, the higher your bill will be.
Are you looking for a cheap holiday? – Yes, the cheaper the better.

Exercise 11.4
Exercise 12. Complete each sentence as in the example:
1. (It is dangerous.) The faster you drive, the more dangerous it is.
2. (Your marks will be good.) The harder you work, _____…._______ .
3. (I feel fit.) The more I exercise, ________________________________ .
4. (We'll get there late.) The later we leave, __________________________ .
5. (It is quiet.) The further we are from the city, _____________________ .
6. (The roads became busy.) The nearer we got to the city centre, __________ .
7. (The rent is high.) The bigger a flat is, _______________________________.
8. (The roads are quiet.) The earlier you leave, _____________________________.
9. (The choice is wide.) The bigger a supermarket is, _________________________.
10. (I get confused.) The more I try to work this out, __________________________.
11. (The beaches get crowded.) The better the weather is, _______________________.

Set phrases
As well as = in addition to something
I studied Japanese as well as Spanish.
I have known you for five years as well as I’ve known Jack.
My friends as well as your friends are learning English now.
As well as birds, some mammals can fly.
I like dancing as well as reading.
We will call you as well as him.
This includes emails as well as letters.
She has invited Jill as well as Kate.
When they go to Austria, they like walking as well as skiing.

As soon as = at the same time or a very short time after

I fell asleep as soon as I closed my eyes.
As soon as we hear any news, we’ll call you.
We always have an ice cream as soon as we get to the beach.
As soon as I came up, they got into a taxi and went away.
As soon as we get off the train, I will see my relatives.

As long as = provided that, on condition that

I’ll give you $100 as long as you pay me back.
You can take my car as long as you drive carefully.
You are allowed to go as long as you let us know when you arrive.
Everything will be OK as long as nobody else finds out.
It will be our secret as long as you keep mine.

As far as = with reference to

He’s still a teacher as far as I know.
She didn’t mean to do it as far as I can tell.
As far as I am aware, they are a happily married couple.
No one got drunk as far as I can remember.

Revision
Exercise 12.1.

Exercise 20.
 Exercise 13.

TEST

1. That's ____________ film I've ever seen.

a) a good b) the goodest c) the best d) a better

2. Public transport in London is _______________ in Europe.

a) the expensivest b) the most expensive c) more expensive
d) more expensive than

3. Pluto is _________________ of all the planets.

a) the coldest b) coldest c) colder d) the most coldest

4. Life is _________________ it used to be.

a) so easy as b) more easy than c) the easiest d) easier than

5. I'm getting ____________ and __________________.

a) the fattest and the fattest b) fatter and fatter c) fat and fat d) more and more fatter

6. The problem was ____________________ we expected.

a) seriouser than b) so serious than c) the most serious than d) more serious than

7. Let's go by train. It's much _______________.

a) cheap b) cheaper c) the cheapest d) cheapest

8. Your cottage isn’t _______________ I thought.

a) so far as b) further as c) as farther as d) farther

9. _______________ I get, _______________ I am.

a) The oldest, the happiest b) Older, happier c) The elder, the happier
d) The older, the happier

10. Which is ______________: five, fifteen or fifty?

a) little b) less c) the least d) smaller

11. That painting is ___________________ than the one in your living room.
a) impressive b) less impressive c) the least impressive d) impressiver

12. This place gets _________________ crowded with tourists every summer.
a) always more b) crowded and more c) from more to more d)
more and more

13. He was offered the job because he was _____________ candidate.

a) the best b) good c) better d) best

14. The sooner she moves out, ______________ it will be for all of us.
a) the better b) the best c) better d) good