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Prevent Accidents and Emergencies

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1K views4 pages

Prevent Accidents and Emergencies

Uploaded by

rajeshwarikaarthi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PREVENT ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES

Introduction
In an organisation, any small accident or unforeseen situation may turn into emergencies if not given due attention.
The emergencies can be natural, such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes or man-made emergencies such as fire, toxic gas
releases, chemical spills etc.
No one expects such emergencies and disasters that can strike anyone, anytime, anywhere.
Accidents and Emergencies
An accident is an unplanned, uncontrolled, or unforeseen event resulting in injury or harm to people and damages to
goods. For example, a person falling down and getting injured.
Emergency is a serious or crisis situation that needs immediate attention and action. For example, a customer having a heart
attack or sudden outbreak of fire in your organisation.
Each organisation has procedures and practices to handle and report accidents and to take care of emergencies. The following
are some of the guidelines for identifying and reporting an accident or emergency:
1. Notice and Correctly Identify Accidents and Emergencies
2. Get help Promptly and in the most suitable way.
3. Follow Company Policies and Procedures for preventing further injury while waiting for help to arrive.
4. Act within the Limits of your Responsibility and Authority when Accidents and Emergencies arise.
5. Promptly Follow Instructions given by Senior Staff and the Emergency Services.
Types of Accidents
The following are some of commonly occurring accidents in organisations:
1. Trip and Fall
Customers or employees can trip on carelessly left loose material, such as tripping on loose wires, goods left on aisles. This type
of accident may result in simple bruises to serious fractures.
2. Slip and Fall
Slips are mainly due to wet floors, spilling of liquids on floors. Slip and fall is generally caused by negligence or due to broken or
uneven walking surface. A “wet floor” sign should be kept on freshly mopped floors to avoid accident.
3. Injuries caused due to Escalators or Elevators (or lifts)
People may be injured in elevators by falling down due to sudden, jerking movement of elevators. They may also get stuck in
elevators resulting in panic and trauma. Escalators and elevators should be checked regularly for proper and safe functioning.
4. Accidents due to Falling of Goods
Goods can fall on people from shelves or wall hangings and injure them. This typically happens if pieces of goods have been
piled improperly.
5. Accidents due to Moving Objects
Moving objects, such as trolleys, can also injure people in the organisation. In addition, improperly kept props
can result in accidents. For example, nails coming out from props can cause cuts.
Handling Accidents
In case of an injury to a colleague in an organisation due to an accident, do the following.
1. Attend to the Injured Person Immediately.
2. Inform your Supervisor.
3. Assist your Supervisor.
Procedures to handle Emergencies
We should be aware of at least the basic procedures to handle emergencies. Here are some general emergency handling
procedures that we can follow:
First Aid
It should contain all the important items for first aid required to deal with common problems such as cuts, burns, headaches
and muscle cramps.
Electrical Safety
1. Employees must be provided instructions about electrical safety such as keeping water and food items away from electrical
equipment.
2. Electrical staff and engineers should carry out routine inspections of all wiring to make sure there are no damaged or broken
wires.
3. Regularly check that all emergency handling equipment such as the fire extinguisher and fire alarm etc.
4. Ensure that emergency exits are not obstructed and keys to such exists are easily accessible.
Evacuation
Each organization has its own evacuation procedures. Each employee should be aware of these procedures and follow them
properly during an emergency evacuation. In addition to organization’s policies, here are some general evacuation steps useful
in such situations.
1. Leave the premises immediately.
2. If possible, assist the person with disability to move towards the emergency exit.
3. Do not use the escalators or elevators (lifts) to avoid overcrowding and getting trapped.
4. Do not use the escalators or elevators (lifts) to avoid overcrowding and getting trapped.
Fire Hazards in the Workplace
Workplace fires are also commonly caused by improper storage of flammable material or combustible
dust. Both are dangerous and should be properly handled and stored. Dust explosions can be another
cause of fire hazard. Steps to follow during fire are given below:
1. All employees must know where the fire extinguishers are located, and how to properly use them.
2. Never block access to Exits, fire extinguishers, electric switches and panels.
3. Do not use flammable material near electrical panels, switches.
4. Fire extinguishers must be inspected regularly.
Identification of Material and Ignition Sources
Materials are classified by risk, and are sorted according to these fire classifications:
Class A Material: Materials such as wood, cloth, and paper, which won’t ignite on their own but will continue to burn once
exposed to a heat source.
Class B Material: All liquid, grease, and gas materials that burn when exposed to ignition sources.
Class C Material: Electrical materials and equipment. These materials cause fires very quickly and present a serious risk of arc
flash.
Class D Material: Any materials that are volatile and able to quickly ignite, such as magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
Examples of ignition sources include:
Open flames such as gas ovens, lighters in smoking areas, and welding torches.
Sparks from wood or metal saws.
Heat sources such as combustion engines, ovens, and machines that produce heat during operation.
Chemical ignition from chemicals that combust under normal working temperatures.
Fire Extinguisher
A fire extinguisher is a protection device used to extinguish fires. It is a cylindrical pressure vessel containing an
agent which can be discharged to extinguish a fire.

Steps to operate Fire extinguishers


1. Break the seal and pull the safety pin from the handle.
2. Use the fire extinguisher by squeezing the lever.
3. Sweep it from side to side.
First Aid for Electrical Emergencies
Electrical accidents cause countless injuries. Injury could be minimised and many lives can be saved if proper rescue techniques
and treatment are used.
Timely response and treatment of victims is a major concern.
Electrical Rescue Techniques
Approaching the accident
1. Never rush into an accident situation.
2. Call 108 as soon as possible
Examining the scene
1. Visually examine victims to determine if they are in contact with energised conductors.
2. Metal surfaces, objects near the victim itself may be energised.
3. Do not touch the victim or conductive surfaces while they are energised.
4. Switch off the electrical circuits if possible.
Hazards and solutions
1. In case you cannot switch off the power source, take extreme care.
2. Ensure that your hands and feet are dry.
3. Wear protective equipment, such as gloves and shoes. Stand on a clean dry surface.
4. Use non-conductive material to remove a victim from the conductor.
High voltage rescue
1. Special training is required for rescues if high voltage is present.
2. Protective equipment, such as gloves and shoes must be worn.
First Aid
• A victim may require Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).
• If the victim is breathing and has a heartbeat, give first aid for injuries and treat for shock.
• Ensure the victim gets medical care as soon as possible.

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