Scribd
Upload
16 views

Phy Notes

Uploaded by

garvitashawnie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views

Phy Notes

Uploaded by

garvitashawnie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID

(physics)

1. Elasticity

● Elasticity: Ability of a material to regain its original shape after the removal of
deforming force.
● Elastic Limit: Maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent
deformation.
● Plasticity: When the material doesn't return to its original shape after the force is
removed.

2. Stress and Strain

● Stress: Force per unit area.


○ Types:
1. Tensile stress (pulling/stretching)
2. Compressive stress (pushing/squeezing)
3. Shear stress (sliding layers)
● Strain: Change in dimension/original dimension (unitless).
○ Types:
1. Longitudinal strain (length change)
2. Volumetric strain (volume change)
3. Shear strain (angular distortion)

3. Hooke’s Law

● Statement: Stress is directly proportional to strain within the elastic limit.

● Young’s Modulus (E): For tensile/compressive stress.

4. Moduli of Elasticity

1. Young’s Modulus (E): Measure of stiffness, related to change in length.

2. Bulk Modulus (K): Related to volume change under uniform pressure.

3. Shear Modulus (G): Related to deformation of shape (shear stress).


5. Poisson’s Ratio (𝜈)

● Ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain.

6. Elastic Potential Energy

● Energy stored in a stretched or compressed body.

7. Stress-Strain Curve

● Describes the behaviour of materials under stress.


○ Proportional limit: Linear region (Hooke's law holds).
○ Elastic limit: Maximum stress before permanent deformation.
○ Yield point: Stress where large strain occurs with little force.
○ Ultimate stress: Maximum stress the material can endure.
○ Breaking point: Stress at which the material fractures.

8. Applications of Elastic Behavior

● Bridges, springs, and structures are designed considering the elastic properties of
materials to avoid deformation or failure under stress.

________________________________________________________________________

9. Important formulas in the chapter:

Stress (σ)
σ=F/A
(where σ = Stress, F = Force, A = Area)

Strain (ε)
ε = ΔL / L
(where ε = Strain, ΔL = Change in length, L = Original length)

Hooke’s Law
σ=E*ε
(where E = Young's Modulus)

Young’s Modulus (E)


E = (F * L) / (A * ΔL)
(where E = Young's Modulus, F = Force, L = Original length, A = Area, ΔL = Change in
length)

Bulk Modulus (K)


K = -P / (ΔV / V)
(where K = Bulk Modulus, P = Pressure, ΔV = Change in volume, V = Original volume)

Shear Modulus (G)


G = F / (A * θ)
(where G = Shear Modulus, F = Force, A = Area, θ = Angular displacement)

Poisson’s Ratio (ν)


ν = - (Lateral strain) / (Longitudinal strain)

Elastic Potential Energy (U)


U = (1/2) * σ * ε * V
(where U = Elastic potential energy, σ = Stress, ε = Strain, V = Volume)

Relation Between Moduli of Elasticity


E = 3K (1 - 2ν)
E = 2G (1 + ν)

_________________________________________________________________________

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy