Journal of Engineering Technology Vol.

10(1): 163-166, 2022

ISSN 2231-8798© 2013 UniKL BMI

Baby Monitoring System by using Arduino Uno

Wan Azrul Wan Ahmad Nazri1, Faezah Harun2
1
Section of Electrical Technology
2
Section of Electronics Technology
Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute

Corresponding email: faezah@unikl.edu.my

Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of smart baby cradle system, a new low-cost
baby monitoring system with multiple automatic functions. The system allows the cradle to swing
automatically when baby cries. It has a cry analysis system which detects crying voices using sound sensor
and automatically swings the cradle till the baby stops crying or zero voice detection. The system also has
built-in fan that switched on when an increase in surrounding temperature is detected by DHT11 sensor. If the
cradle is to be used manually, the speed of the cradle can be controlled as per the user need. Arduino Uno
module is utilized in managing all the connected electronics components. This system aids parents and
caretakers to look after the babies without high-demand physical attention.

Keywords: Sound sensor, DHT11, Arduino Uno, servo motor, monitoring system

1.0 INTRODUCTION system is utilized whenever manual safety monitoring is

challenging. Innovation has been made in such a way that
In today's fast-paced society, it is a challenge for parents to it has reduced the complexity of human job. Along these
look after their children especially after lengthy working lines, the new-born/infant care support framework has been
hours. Kids especially babies require full attention and created as an ideal option for parents or caretaker who are
monitoring most of the time including during parent’s unable to devote enough time to their children.
nighttime. There have been numerous advancements in
infant-care technology that are intended to make it easier There are several approach and research done by others
for parents to care for their children including the prior to this design project. Similar concept is applied
implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) into the which is to give adequate assistance for infant care. Firstly,
system.[1] Specifically on cradle design, many cradles Mohamad Ishak et al. proposed an infant monitoring and
design in current market incorporates latest technology alert system used in an incubator for neonatal intensive
with improved effectiveness and innovation to cater this care unit (NICU) at hospital. The system helps the hospital
issue. Figure 1 shows different designs of the electrically personnel to monitor and record real-time conditions of the
controlled baby cradle available on market. babies in NICU such as the incubator’s temperature,
humidity, and the baby’s pulse rate. These measurement
results are processed by Arduino microcontroller before
being sent to PC for continuous monitoring. In case of
irregularity in data readings, hospital personnel will be
alerted to cater the issues. This helps in improving the
productivity and efficiency in hospital.[2]

Another temperature monitoring system for baby incubator

is proposed by Latif et. al to maintain warm temperature
for baby’s comfort. An LM35 temperature sensor is used in
Figure 1: Baby cradle with automatic swing system
the system for temperature detection in the incubator,
processed by Arduino Uno microcontroller and the data
An automatic cradle designed with good characteristics
collected can be real-time displayed on a computer
will provide comfort to the baby and give good assistance
screen.[3] An automatic swinging cradle system has been
to the parents or caretakers. With the information above,
proposed in [4]. This system contains automated swing
there are numerous components and factors to be
movement of the bassinet as well as built-in alarm to alert
considered when designing this smart baby cradle. This
when specific conditions are met which are (1) when the

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mattress is wet and (2) when baby does not stop crying are connected to run the system. This system's software is
within a set time. This proposal paper is used as main based on coding in Arduino integrated development
reference to design our smart baby cradle. environment (IDE). In addition, a sound sensor, DHT11
sensor, servo motor, and DC motor are used in this
The smart baby cradle proposed in this paper incorporates project's hardware.
few useful functions. First, the use of noise sensor for the
detection of the child’s crying activity. This will start the
swinging of cradle to soothe the child. Next, the DHT
sensor detects the surrounding temperature and humidity.
When the detected temperature is higher than the set
temperature i.e room temperature, the fan will
automatically switch on. The goal of this project is to
create a system that makes monitoring easy and produces
good output. The suggested system prototype is built and
tested to demonstrate its effectiveness in terms of cost and
simplicity, as well as to assure safe operation, allowing
infant-care process to take place anywhere and at any time.

2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS

Block Diagram

Figure 2 shows the block diagram of the system. An

Arduino Uno controller is used to oversee the entire
system. It takes in external data and translate it into a
dependable output. The sound sensor, temperature, pH,
humidity sensors unit, servo motor, and fan are the sensors
and control system that are connected to Arduino. The
Arduino will be powered by the power supply and will
collect data from the sensor's unit such as DHT11, and
sound sensor. The Arduino Uno Board compiles this
procedure and makes it the primary control. The suggested
framework uses a passive-infrared (PIR) sensor that detects
infrared light from a subject in its range of view and, as a
Figure 3: Flowchart of Cradle System
result, detects the infant's movement. The noise sensor
detects the sound of crying, while the temperature sensor
Circuit Diagram
detects the temperature and sends the data to the micro-
controller
Figure 4 shows the circuit diagram that has been developed
project using Fritzing Software. The fully connected circuit
must match the coding in the Arduino Uno controller to
operate the system.

Figure 2: Block Diagram of Cradle System

Flowchart

Figure 3 depicts the flowchart implementation project,

which is divided into two sections. The major element
consists of software setup and hardware development, both Figure 4: Circuit diagram of Cradle System

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ISSN 2231-8798© 2021 UniKLBMI

Sensors and Components baby. This project required a few tools and components,
including a servo motor, a sound sensor, a moisture sensor,
1) Sound Sensor a DC motor, and an Arduino Uno. The complete prototype
of this project is shown in Figure 5. The data extraction
A KY-037 microphone sound sensor module was utilized from the system will be explained in the next sections.
in this project. The sensor's circuit board is made up of
three key components: the sensor, amplifier, and
comparator. The sensor unit, positioned at the front of the
module, physically measures the area or detection before
delivering an analogue signal to the amplifier. The signal is
amplified by the amplifier and sent to the module's
analogue output based on the resistance value of the
potentiometer. The comparator turns on the digital output
and the LED when the signal falls below a particular
threshold. The potentiometer can be changed to change the
sensitivity.

2) DHT11 Sensor

The DHT11 is a basic digital temperature and humidity

sensor with a modest price tag. It measures the ambient air
with a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor. Then,
it gives out a digital signal output on the data pin (no
analogue input pins needed). It is also simple to use. One
of the drawbacks of this sensor is, data collection needs
careful scheduling.[5]
Figure 5: Front view of the Cradle System
3) Servo Motor
Analysis of sound detection
SG90 Micro Servo Motor used in this system is a small
and light server motor with a high output power. The servo Table 1 shows the sound sensor's responses; before and
can rotate 180 degrees in total with 90 degrees at two after it detects a noise. When it is unable to identify a
opposite directions. This is to allow swinging movement to sound, the sound sensor's LED will not light up (green
the cradle. It functions in the same way as regular servos circle). The LED will light up (blue circle) as an indication
but in a smaller size. To control these servos, a servo code of sound/noise detection and it will send signal to the
or library is required.[6] server. The shaft of the electric driven motor will actuate
the links, and the links will actuate the bed at a consistent
4) DC Motor (Fan) speed, which is connected to the carriage.

Fan is powered by using a DC motor with a fixed voltage

potential, such as the voltage of a battery. DC motor fan is
typically considered to be the most energy efficient. It uses
a fraction of the energy that AC motor fans do . DC motor
fan uses up to 75% less energy to create the same amount
of output as standard AC motor fan. This means a 25-watt
DC motor fan produces the same energy efficiency as a
100-watt AC motor fan.

3.0 RESULTS
Table 1: Detection of sound sensor
Analysis Result
Analysis of temperature and humidity detection
This chapter’s analysis was based on the system analysis
that looked at the results of a sound sensor that detected a Figure 6 shows the reading record for sensing both
sound or noise from the baby and a DHT11 sensor that temperature and humidity from the surrounding of the
detects temperature and the environment surrounds the cradle. The temperature sensor can detect the room

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ISSN 2231-8798© 2021 UniKLBMI

temperature, and if it is too hot, the fan will automatically Technology, vol. 7, no. 1, 2020, doi:
switch on. The temperature value is converted into a 10.17148/IARJSET.2020.7108.
suitable number in the Celsius scale using the sensor's [2] D. N. F. Mohamad Ishak, M. M. Abdul Jamil, and
output. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) signals are used to R. Ambar, “Arduino Based Infant Monitoring
control the fan speed. Finally, the system displays humidity System,” IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, vol. 226, p.
and temperature on the Arduino IDE while the fan runs.[7] 012095, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.1088/1757-
899X/226/1/012095.
[3] A. Latif, A. Z. Arfianto, J. E. Poetro, T. N. Phong,
and E. T.Helmy, “Temperature Monitoring System
for Baby Incubator Based on Visual Basic,”
Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 2, no.
1, 2021, doi: 10.18196/jrc.2151.
[4] R. Palaskar, S. Pandey, A. Telang, A. Wagh, and
R. M. Kagalkar, “An Automatic Monitoring and
Swing the Baby Cradle for Infant Care,”
Figure 6: DHT11 sensor reading International Journal of Advanced Research in
Computer and Communication Engineering, vol. 4,
4.0 DISCUSSION p. 4, 2015, doi: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2015.41242.
[5] EvilMadScientist,
Analysis of overall system “https://shop.evilmadscientist.com/productsmenu/7
16”.
According to the findings, the output of the sensors [6] TRobotics,
detection, as well as the production of the prototype with “https://www.tertiaryrobotics.com/micro-servo-
system that is stimulated by the sensors, are demonstrated. motor-sg90.html.”
All sensors are functioning, and data provided is tally with [7] CircuitDigest,
the intended outcomes. According to this study, the sensors “https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-
must first be constructed by supplying the appropriate projects/automatic-temperature-controlled-fan-
information in the coding to be transferred to the project.”
microcontroller before the sensor can run efficiently based
on the data provided.

5.0 CONCLUSION

A smart baby cradle system is intended to solve the

problem that parents, babysitters, and anybody else with a
baby face when caring for their child. This project made it
easier for individuals to look after their children, especially
for working parents, or even while they sleep at night. It is
no longer necessary for parents to go to their children to
swing the cradle. The project reduces human effort and the
stress of parents during working hours. A motor, sensors,
and an oscillating carriage are the components needed for a
baby care equipment. The overall mechanism is movable,
allowing for easy transfer between rooms too. The benefit
of this system is that it has a low initial cost and allows for
minimal operational costs. The technology has a lot of
room for improvement and operational efficiency, to be
commercially viable and appealing.

REFERENCES

[1] A. B. Tupkar, P. Chahare, S. Rade, R. Wakade,

and S. Bahirseth, “Development of IoT Based
Smart Baby Cradle,” International Advanced
Research Journal in Science, Engineering and

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