GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL ENGINEERING (17)

Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3131706
Semester – III
Subject Name: Measurement & Instruments

Type of course: Engineering Science

Prerequisite: Basic Electrical Engineering, physics.

Rationale: To prepare students for experiments and design with various electrical, electronic
measurements and instrumentation systems.

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Marks Total

L T P C Theory Marks Practical Marks Marks
ESE (E) PA (M) ESE (V) PA (I)
3 0 2 4 70 30 30 20 150

Content:

Sr. No. Content Total

Hrs

1 Introduction: Types of instruments: Indicating, recording, integrating, etc. 4

Experimental Data and Errors: Measurement Recording and Reporting, Graphical
Presentation of Data, Precision and Accuracy, Resolution and Sensitivity, Errors in
Measurement, Statistical Evaluation of Measurement Data and Errors
2 Analog DC and AC meters: Electromechanically meter movements,PMMC, Analog DC 5
ammeters, Analog DC voltmeters, Analog AC ammeters and Voltmeters, Analog
multimeters, Special purpose analog meters, Use of basic meters, meter errors, problems.
Extending the range of meters, Loading effects and their elimination, true rms voltmeters.
3 Digital Meters: DVM and Digital multimeter, vector voltmeters, 7 Segment and LCD 3
display.

4 Oscilloscope: Oscilloscope subsystem, Principle of Operation, Lissajous patterns 3

oscilloscope photography, Digital storage oscilloscopes (DSO), Power scope.
Attenuation probes, problems

5 Time & Frequency Measurement: Time Measurements, Frequency measurement, 3

Harmonic Analysis and spectrum analyzers, Frequency Mixer problems.

6 Power & Energy Measurement: Power in AC-DC circuits, single-phase power 4

measurements, Poly-phase power and measurements, Measurement of Power factor,
Electrical energy measurements, Power measurements problems
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w.e.f. AY 2018-19
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL ENGINEERING (17)
Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3131706

7 Measurement of Resistance & Bridges : Resistance and resistor, resistor type, 6

measurement of resistance, Wheatstone Bridge, Making balanced Wheatstone Bridge
measurement, Low value resistance measurement (Kelvin Double Bridge), problems.

Measurement of Capacitance, Inductance, and Impedance: Hays Bridge, Schering

Bridge, Maxwell bridge, Anderson Bridge, Q-factor, Capacitance and capacitors, capacitor
circuit models and losses, capacitor types, color coding of capacitor, Inductor and
Inductance, Inductor structure, Transformers, Impedance, Capacitance and Inductance,
Capacitance and Inductance measurement, complete impedance measurement, frequency
measurement, problems

8 Current and Potential transformers: Testing and Applications. 2

9 A.C. Signal Sources: Sweep Frequency generators, Pulse generators, Function generators, 3
Oscillators
Interference Signals and Their Elimination: Capacitance interference, inductive
interference and shielding, electromagnetic interference and shielding, conductive coupling
interference, ground loop interference and input guarding to reduce it internal noise.

10 Data transmission in Digital Instrument System: RS 232C Standard, 20mA Current 3

Loop

Note: Sequential Design Example* (Tutor/Instructor/Teacher has to select one case study and carry forward
same to teach all the topics of syllabus.)

Suggested Specification table with Marks (Theory):

Distribution of Theory Marks

R Level U Level A Level N Level E Level C Level

28 28 7 7 7 -

Legends: R: Remembrance; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C:

Create and above Levels (Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy)

Note: This specification table shall be treated as a general guideline for students and teachers. The actual
distribution of marks in the question paper may vary slightly from above table.

Reference Books:

1. Wolf & Smith, Student reference manual for Electron ic and Instrumentation
measurement, PHI Publication.

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w.e.f. AY 2018-19
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL ENGINEERING (17)
Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3131706
2. E.W. Golding and F.C. Widdis, Electrical measurements and measuring
instruments, Pitman Publishing.
3. Bemard Oliver and John Cage, Electronic Measurement s and Instrumentation,
Tata Mcgraw Hill.
4. William d.Cooper, Albert d. Helfrick, Electronic Instrumen tation and measurement
techniques, Prentice – Hall.
5. A.K.Sawhney, A Course in Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation,
Dhanpatrai Publication.
6. H.S. Kalsi, Electronic instrumentation.
7. Kim Fowler, Electronic Instrument Design, OUP, USA, 1996.
Course Outcomes:

Sr. CO statement Marks %

No. weightage
CO-1 Operate modern electrical and electronic instruments like C R O , DSO, 30
DMM and other digital and analog instruments for appropriate measurement
parameters.
CO-2 Able to measure time, frequency, power and energy parameter and use AC & 40
DC bridges concept and their application for relevant parameter measurement.

CO-3 Able to test and troubleshoot electronic circuits using CT and PT. Carry out 30
analysis of interference signals and their elimination for various applications.

List of Experiments:

1. Measurement of the voltage and Current using Analog Meter.

2. Extend the range of given ammeter and Voltmeter.
3. Measurement of unknown resistance with Wheatstone bridge.
4. Measurement of low resistance with Kelvin double bridge.
5. Measurement of unknown Inductance with a.c. bridge
6. Measurement of unknown capacitance with a.c. bridge.
7. Operation of CRO, DSO for voltage, current and frequency measurement, Lissajous patterns, phase
angle measurements.
8. Calibration of single phase energy meter direct loading.
9. Calibration of single energy meter.
10. Measurements of power factors.
11. Develop application using CT and PT.
12. Develop application using RS-232C and 4-20mA current Loop.

Major Equipment:

CRO, DSO, AC/DC bridges, LCR meter, Power and Energy meters, load trolley etc.

List of Open Source Software/learning website:

1. http://nptel.iitk.ac.in/courses/Elec_Engg/IIT%20Bombay/Electrical%20and%20Electronic%20Mea
sur ements.htm
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w.e.f. AY 2018-19
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– III EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2020
Subject Code: 3131706 Date:28/10/2020
Subject Name: Measurement and Instruments
Time: 02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

MARKS
Q.1 (a) Differentiate between indicating and recording instruments with examples. 03
(b) Explain the loading effect in meters 04
(c) What is full form of ‘PMMC’? Discuss working of PMMC meter with diagram 07
Q.2 (a) How Voltmeter- Ammeter method can be used to measure unknown resistance? 03
Explain in detail.
(b) Explain sweep frequency generator in brief. 04
(c) Explain Wien Bridge to find out unknown frequency. 07
OR
(c) Explain Kelvin double bridge method to find out low resistance. 07
Q.3 (a) Draw RS-232 pin diagram 03
(b) Explain ‘Potential transformers’ with applications. 04
(c) Draw and explain block diagram of Digital Multi-meter. 07
OR
Q.3 (a) Give the differences between current transformer and potential transformer 03
(b) Explain 7 segment display in short. 04
(c) Draw and explain basic block diagram of CRO. 07

Q.4 (a) Explain function generator with block diagram. 03

(b) Explain different types of measurement error. 04
(c) Explain capacitive interference, inductive interference and shielding. 07
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain power measurement in single phase. 03
(b) Explain any one method of frequency measurement in short 04
(c) How Whetstone bridge can be used to find out unknown resistance. Explain with 07
circuit diagram.
Q.5 (a) Write a short note on LCD. 03
(b) What is a Lissajous pattern in oscilloscope? Explain its applications 04
(c) Write short note on vertical deflection sub-system of oscilloscope. 07
OR
Q.5 (a) Explain in short pulse generator 03
(b) Explain Hay’s bridge. 04
(c) What is current transformer? Explain its working with construction diagram. 07

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1
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2021
Subject Code:3131706 Date:11/09/2021
Subject Name:Measurement and Instruments
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Marks
Q.1 (a) Explain the terms: Capacitance and Capacitors in detail 03
(b) Demonstrate Indicating type instruments. 04
(c) Explain special purpose analog meter. 07

Q.2 (a) Define Dynamometer. 03

(b) Explain Zero-beat Frequency Meter in brief. 04
(c) Discuss Whetstone bridge to find out unknown resistance with circuit diagram. 07
OR
(c) Explain polyphase power measurement. 07

Q.3 (a) How a PMMC instrument can be used as a flux meter? 03

(b) Explain weighted Binary Resistive type DAC. 04
(c) What are Universal Time-Counters? Explain with Block diagram. 07
OR
Q.3 (a) Define Resolution. 03
(b) How Voltmeter- Ammeter method can be used to measure unknown resistance? 04
Explain in detail.
(c) How electronics timers are working? Explain in detail. 07

Q.4 (a) Explain Current transformers with applications 03

(b) Explain Function of RS 232C Standard in detail. 04
(c) Describe how to find unknown inductor value by Maxwell bridge. 07
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain seven segment displays. 03
(b) Draw block Diagram of CRO. 04
(c) Explain Schering bridge method to measure unknown capacitance. 07
Q.5 (a) Explain the Lissajous pattern in detail. 03
(b) Define interference? Explain ground loop interference. 04
(c) Draw and explain Analog to Digital convertor. 07
OR
Q.5 (a) Define power factor. 03
(b) Give the differences between current transformer and potential transformer. 04
(c) Explain Digital multimeter with its block diagram. 07

1
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– III (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2022
Subject Code:3131706 Date:15-07-2022
Subject Name:Measurement and Instruments
Time:02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
Marks

Q.1 (a) Explain Integrating type Instruments. 03

(b) Explain Resolution & Sensitivity with Example. 04
(c) Explain Statistical Evaluation of Measurement data and errors. 07

Q.2 (a) Explain Analog DC Voltmeter. 03

(b) Explain any one Special purpose Analog meter. 04
(c) Explain D’Arsonval Galvanometer movement with necessary diagrams. 07
OR
(c) Explain the Extending the range of meter with example. 07

Q.3 (a) Explain Lissajous Pattern in brief. 03

(b) Explain Alternate and Chopped Mode for CRO 04
(c) Draw and Explain the block diagram of CRO 07
OR
Q.3 (a) Explain Wein Bridge Frequency Meter. 03
(b) Explain Digital Voltmeter (DVM). 04
(c) What is Harmonic Analysis? Explain Spectrum Analyzer. 07

Q.4 (a) Define: Power, Power factor and Energy 03

(b) Explain RS 232C standards. 04
(c) Explain Polyphase Power Measurement. 07
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain 20 mA current loop. 03
(b) Explain difference between Current Transformer and Potential 04
Transformer.
(c) Explain Electromagnetic Interference and Shielding. 07

Q.5 (a) Explain 7 Segment Display. 03

(b) Explain Oscillator in brief. 04
(c) Explain Sweep frequency Generators with its block diagram 07
OR
Q.5 (a) Explain Hay’s Bridge 03
(b) Explain Wheatstone Bridge method for Resistance Measurement. 04
(c) Explain Shearing Bridge with necessary derivation. 07

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1
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
BE - SEMESTER– III (New) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2019
Subject Code: 3131706 Date: 30/11/2019
Subject Name: Measurement and Instruments
Time: 02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Marks

Q.1 (a) Demonstrate Indicating type instruments. 03

(b) Compare: Accuracy and Precision with example. 04
(c) Explain Loading effect and its elimination in AC and DC Meters. 07
Q.2 (a) What is transformer? Write down types and application of 03
transformers.
(b) Explain frequency measurement using Zero beat frequency meter. 04
(c) Explain working principle of PMMC meter in detail with its neat 07
diagram.
OR
(c) Explain Digital multimeter with its block diagram. 07
Q.3 (a) Explain RS 232C Standards in brief 03
(b) Obtain Lissajous pattern using CRO in X-Y mode for frequency 04
measurement of 2:1, 3:1, 3:2 & 4:1 with its procedure & Waveform.
(c) Explain block diagram of CRO with function of each block in 07
details.
OR
Q.3 (a) Identify different techniques for measurement of medium resistance. 03
Explain any one in detail.
(b) Find resistance values for Ayrton shunt to provide an ammeter with 04
current ranges of 1 A, 5 A and 10 A. A basic PMMC meter with an
internal resistance of 50 Ohm and a full scale deflection current of 1
mA is to be used
(c) Explain Kelvin double bridge for low resistance measurement with 07
neat diagram
Q.4 (a) Explain Electronic Timers. 03
(b) Explain Hay’s bridge method to measure unknown Inductance. 04
(c) Explain Schering bridge method to measure unknown capacitance 07
with its circuit diagram and calculations.
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain Distortion Analyzer with example. 03
(b) Explain Sweep frequency generator. 04
(c) Explain Universal Timer-Counter with its block diagram. 07
Q.5 (a) Explain Conductive coupling interference with example. 03
(b) What is Inductive Interference? Explain How it can be reduced. 04
(c) What is Current transformer? Explain its working with construction 07
diagram.
OR
Q.5 (a) Explain Ground level interference in brief. 03
(b) Explain Power factor measurement using Analog meter. 04
(c) Explain 3 – Phase Power measurement using 2 watt meter method 07
with necessary diagrams.
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1
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE- SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2020
Subject Code:3131706 Date:04/03/2021
Subject Name:Measurement and Instruments
Time:10:30 AM TO 12:30 PM Total Marks:56
Instructions:
1. Attempt any FOUR questions out of EIGHT questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Marks
Q.1 (a) Discuss about types of ‘resistors’ 03
(b) Write short note of Zero-beat Frequency Meter. 04
(c) What is full form of ‘PMMC’? Discuss working of PMMC meter with diagram. 07

Q.2 (a) Explain weighted Binary Resistive type DAC 03

(b) Explain special purpose analog meter 04
(c) Discuss Whetstone bridge to find out unknown resistance with circuit diagram. 07

Q.3 (a) How a PMMC instrument can be used as a flux meter? 03

(b) Compare: Accuracy and Precision with example. 04
(c) With block diagram explain working of Digital Multi-meters. 07

Q.4 (a) Explain Lissajous pattern in oscilloscope in short. 03

(b) Explain in brief: Wien Bridge to find out unknown frequency. 04
(c) How electronics timers are working? Explain in detail. 07

Q.5 (a) Explain Current transformers with applications 03

(b) Explain Function of RS 232C Standard in detail. 04
(c) Describe how to find unknown inductor value by Maxwell bridge. 07

Q.6 (a) Explain seven segment display. 03

(b) Draw block Diagram of CRO. 04
(c) Explain Schering bridge method to measure unknown capacitance. 07

Q.7 (a) Explain Conductive coupling interference with example. 03

(b) Explain Universal Timer-Counter with its block diagram 04
(c) Draw and explain Analog to Digital convertor. 07

Q.8 (a) Define power factor. 03

(b) Give the differences between current transformer and potential transformer. 04
(c) Explain function generator. 07

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