metal pot magi pobre crn pa room teemperatu tee eects are presen in metals — se ET random motion of fet Sicrons in dons the rant when a potential difference is 7 es nani ge carriers in a Dede the te it velcy of charge amis ~ od write its relationship wit pare icc Ci op sied across the ends Qin pet ie ye in eecons rated tothe relation time ? potential, does it mean that ail the free electrons of the ina conductor carrying ‘of roe electrons in 9 xd of thermal velocity an ‘does the relaxation time of change ? one change, ifthe potential difference applied sero ge onducor is doubled. keeping the length and {emperature ofthe conductor constant ? A potential difference Vis applied acros a condor offength How is the drift velocity affected where ‘doubled and lis halved ? [Case Fig, Two conducting wires X and Y of same diameter bt itferent materials arejoined in series ace the number density of electrons in Xie find the ratio of drift velocity of electrons in the bro [CBSE OD 10) Oar wo poameesvtch deminer of a material 17 Define the term mobility of conductor. Write its Sumit, [CBSED 14; 0D 15 18, Define mobility ofa charge carter. Whats its relation with relaxation time ? charge carves in a 19. How does the mobility of electrons in a conductor change, ifthe potential difference applied acoss the cond doubled, keeping the length and tempe- rature of the conductor constant? [case 01)is the cause of resistance of 4 we switch on an electric bi ‘almost instantaneously though dri ve | ~ ‘electrons in copper wires ig very small, ; op ar formula V=IR true for on-homic resistancy 3, IsV =/ROhm’s law ? Giy The current flowing thro 50 V and 3 mA at 60 V, Is it an ohmic i pore OF Non-ohmic Conductor 7 ulb, © correct form of Ohmm’s law, ugh a conductor is2 mA at 25. What is a non-ohmic device ? State one example. [Punjab 02 26. What is a linear resistor 2 : 27. Give an example of non-ohmic di up negative resistance. 28, Plot a graph showing variation Of current versus voltage for the material GaAs, [CBSE D 14) The I-V characteristics of ey ( resistor are observed to ‘ deviate from a straight line for higher values of current as shown in Fig. 3.20. Why ? [CBSE SP 08] vo . Fig. 3. 30. Graph showing the ae variation of =. ‘evice which shows Scanned with Ciregion oF | k G) negative resistance i) where Ohm's law is obeyed. [CBSE D 15) Fig. 3.21 loys of metals have their constituent met 3 greater resistivity than that Is. Why ? : : together mf. Find the ratio ofthe Short Answer Questions 2 marks each pons in the we ae 1, Derive the expression for the drift vel electrons in terms of relaxatior applied across a conductor. of free tric field (CBSE SP 29] Explain the term ‘drift velocity’ of electrons in a conductor. Hence obtain the expression for th current through a conductor in terms of ‘dr 14, What are ohmic and example of each, w 5 electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area. velocity’. {CBSE OD 13, 13¢, 15C) 25% 107 m? camying a caveat of ae <7 3) Prove that the current density of a metallic conductor —_ensity of ee is directly proportional to the drift speed of electrons. {BSE D 08, © en 5 Vo @&peine relaxation time of electrons in a conductor. Explain how it varies with increase in tem- ion betwe {CBSE D 2000}‘Pari 02) ‘conduction of electric eurente (anche aie 9 Dat nic mebty. We Nal ot device which shows variation of current versus [CBSE D 14) lunderstand the temperature depends tivity of a semiconductor Pingo The current [flows through a wire of radius rand the free electrons drift with velocity What isthe drift velocity of electrons through a wite of same material the but having double the radius, when a current2 flows ont through ie? 12, The number densities of free electrons in three conductors X,Y and Zare in the ratio4 : 1:8, and their electrical conductivities are in the ratio 2: 1 2. For which conductor will the relaxation time of free electrons be (a) maximum, and (8) minimum ? [C386 F 20) Fig. 3.21 & ‘Two metallic wires, P, and P, of the same material | and same length but different cross-sectional areas, fay tian that fp and), = joined together and connected to a source of emf. Find the ratio of the drift velocities of free electrons in the two wires when they are 2 marks each connected (i) in series, and (i) in parallel. (CBSE F 17] aad non ahmic mncichare ? Give one rift volowity af froa 64 thle on Scanned with C:1.2mm’, whe’ cectron mobilit : 3 marks each answer questions | Long secity and relaxa the terms deift vel 1 on pal 4 conductor of length L is connected 1 - Hs conductor is replace’ ounce of emt , If this co repel the drift velocity change ? 2. What is meant by aft velocity of free electrons ? ave Ohn’s law on the basis of the theory of [CBSE D 03) electron drift. re the paths of electrons straight lines between -ccessive collisions (with positive ions of the metal) in the () absence of electric field (fi) presence of electric field ? Establish a relation between Gp velocity ‘2,’ of an electron in a conductor ef Fame ‘A, carrying current ‘I’ and concen- eo in’ of free electrons per unit volume of ctor. i 1. Hence obtain the relation between current ¢ [density and drift velocity. BSAA Si hea ith Civeo ot order of magnitudes of uniform cross-sectional pcroen 0 AC SOURCE of variable volt, h showing variation of drift veloe yagraP” |< a function of current dengy [CBSE F I relationship between mobility S ty ina current carrying conductor, “jin it. write the drift veloc 9 aluninium wires have their lengths in Ore 2:3 and radii in the ratio 1 : 3. These arg connected in parallel across a battery of emf and of negligible interna! resistance. Find the ratio of drift velocities of the electrons in the two wires. [CBSE F 2 ata granh shawine the variation of current density, 6aha is estimated to a of cs order, current of the order of s"?. Yet a large the wire. Explain briefly. mm s onan amperes can be se-uP i peutiged 7 14 ted to a dic. source ctor of iength |’ is connect ‘of cmrential“V" If the length of the conductor i : tripled, by stretching it, keeping ‘V’ constant, explain how do the following factors vary in the conductor» (9 Drift speed of electrons, (ii) Resistance and of of EoD 0s) (aif) Resistivity. {CBSE D 2001! — e ( potential difference V is applied to a conductor of r length I, diameter D. How are the electric field E, the 4 drift velocity v, and the resistance R affected when ina : ae ‘the Vis doubled (ii) lis doubled (iii) Dis doubled ? | ber {CBSE OD E12. The following si. + 2 | +t er wuveren Ciin y? 119) and manganin, are used tors ? [CBSE Dos, 16) : hm’s law, Wire whose cross-sectional ares linearly from its one end to the 2 is increasing other, is con- nected across a battery of V volts. Which of the following quantities remains constant in the wire ? (a) drift speed (b) current density (c) electric current —_(d) electric field (CBSE D 17] Justify your answer. I i nt ina 4. Clarify your elementary notions about curre j aacurorino the followi Scanned with Ci