Journal of Science and Technology

ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 06, Issue 01, JAN-FEB 2021

www.jst.org.in DOI: https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i01.pp180-184

IN HEAVY INDUSTRIES, A SAFETY SYSTEM FOR MINE

WORKERS
P.ANIL KUMAR, KRUPA PRASAD, P.MOUNIKA,
B.SIVA KUMAR, ABDUL NIZAM, A.PRADEEP KUMAR
Department Of ECE
Ellenki College Of Engineering And Technology, Ts, India.

Abstract: This paper describes the work that was done to design and construct a prototype mine protection device using a wireless sensor
network, with the aim of creating a safety system to monitor the environmental parameters of the mining region. A overview of the most
recent studies on miner health and welfare, as well as mine safety initiatives, is included. Subsystems of the test system are then simulated.
The hardware consisted of electrical circuits with a microcontroller as the primary processing unit. A graphical user interface is often used.

Mine Security; Wireless Sensing Networks; WIFI Module; Arduino Mega; LCD Display; Sensors

1. Introduction
In terms of worker safety and health, a mining operation is a hazardous enterprise. These dangers arise from the
various methods used to harvest various minerals. The higher the danger, the deeper the mine. These safety concerns
are particularly concerning in the coal industry. As a result, worker safety should always be a top priority in any
kind of mining, whether it's for coal or other minerals. Because of the difficulties with ventilation and the possibility
for collapse, underground coal mining poses a greater danger than open pit mining. In all kinds of mining, however,
the use of heavy equipment and the techniques used during excavations pose a safety risk.
Modern mines often employ a variety of safety measures, worker education and training, and health and safety
regulations, all of which result in significant changes and advances in both opencast and underground mining safety.
Coal has traditionally been India's main source of energy, and it has played a key role in the country's fast
industrialization. Coal is responsible for about 70% of all power production, making its significance in the energy
industry unavoidable. However, the manufacturing process generates additional byproducts, which pose a possible
danger to the environment and the individuals involved. In lieu of that, the current effort is a genuine endeavor to
analyze the gravity of the situation and develop a real-time detection monitoring system based on ZigBee
technology.

2. SURVEY ON LITERATURE:
This paper describes the work that was done to design and construct a prototype mine protection device using a
wireless sensor network, with the aim of creating a safety system to monitor the environmental parameters of the
mining region. A overview of the most recent studies on miner health and welfare, as well as mine safety initiatives,
is included. Subsystems of the test system are then simulated. The hardware consisted of electrical circuits with a
microcontroller as the primary processing unit. A graphical user interface is often used. For certification, a variety of
tests are administered. Temperature, humidity, airflow, and noise sensor readings are accurate to 89.01 percent,
98.55 percent, 90.5 percent, and 89.53 percent, with a resolution of 0.105?? C, 0.12 percent RH, 0.05 m/s, and 0.23
dB SPL, respectively. Two monitored outputs were added in the form of ventilation switching and a noise
prevention system. [Reference Number 5]
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Published by: Longman Publishers www.jst.org.in 180 | 5

Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 06, Issue 01, JAN-FEB 2021

www.jst.org.in DOI: https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i01.pp180-184

Figure 1: Block Diagram

EXISTING SYSTEM:
Wired networking was the emphasis of the previous system. The physical limitation of wired technology is that
wires may be easily broken. Workflow will be disrupted while workers rewire sections inside the business. It's risky
and difficult to rely on such a gadget. It is inflexible and lacks a connected infrastructure.
SYSTEM RECOMMENDED:
The suggested gadget is built on wireless sensor technologies. The proposed system combines the sensor sheet, the
logic layer, and the development layer. Real time becomes more important in a multi-threat scenario. This machine,
to a great extent, saves human initiative and time.
2. HARDWARE MODULES:
1.ARDUINO (2560): MEGA
The Arduino Super 2560 is a microcontroller module that relies on the ATmega2560-based ATmega2560-based
ATmega2560-based ATmega2560-based ATm It includes 54 specialized information/yield pins, 16 basic data
sources, 4 UARTs (equipment sequential ports), a 16 MHz precious stone oscillator (of which 15 may be used as
PWM yields), and a 16 MHz precious stone oscillator (of which 15 can be used as PWM yields).
2. MODULE WI-FI:
The ESP8266 Wi Fi Module is an isolated SOC with a built-in TCP/IP convention stack that connects any
microcontroller to your Wi Fi network. The ESP8266 will either promote or unload all Wi-Fi organizing functions
from the application's other CPU.
3. POWER SUPPLY:
The portion of the force that allows the components to work with +5V is known as the versatile zone of force. The
IC LM7805 is used to provide a constant voltage of +5V. The air conditioner's voltage, which is typically 220V, is
linked to a transformer, which lowers the voltage to the degree of the optimum dc yield.
RELAY MODULE NO. 4:
Switch Shield employs top-notch hand-off with four channel input and four channel yield. It may be linked to the
most severe part of 250V/10A AC or 24V/10A DC and used to power lights, engines, and other devices along these
lines.
5. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display):
LCDs consume much less power than LED and gas display displays, a type of flat panel display that utilizes liquid
crystals as its main mode of activity, since they operate on the idea of blocking light rather than LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display). LEDs may be found in a broad variety of applications for consumers and businesses, including

Published by: Longman Publishers www.jst.org.in 181 | 5

Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 06, Issue 01, JAN-FEB 2021

www.jst.org.in DOI: https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i01.pp180-184

laptops, TVs, computer displays, and instrument panels. In terms of the technologies they have replaced, such as
light-emitting diode (LED) and gas-plasma display, LCDs have made a considerable leap.
BUZZER:
Bell is a kind of electronic sound collector with a networked architecture. As a speech device, it's frequently found
in electronic products like PCs, scanners, duplicating devices, caution contraction, electronic games, auto electronic
devices, tablets, and so forth.
7. LDR SENSORY:
The LDR sensor module measures the intensity of light. It applies to both the basic yield pin and the advanced yield
pin, which are labeled AO and DO on the board. When there is light, the LDR obstacle shrinks to a minuscule size
because to the force of light. The LDR blockage is smaller the stronger the light force is. The potentiometer on the
sensor has a handle that may be acclimatized to alter the LDR's affectability to light.
SENSOR DE TEMPERATURES:
The temperature sensor LM35 semiconductor is used in this LM35D Analog Temperature Sensor Module. The
LM35 Linear Temperature Sensor module is helpful for determining the air temperature. Affectability is measured
in millivolts per degree Celsius.
9. ENGINE:
The motor with direct current (DC) and the motor with alternating current (AC) are the two types of electric motors
(AC). In this article, we will study about the DC motor and its operation. As well as, for example, the DC engine
gear.

3. RESULT:
Step 1: When the circuit is powered up, the Arduino mega (2560), three sensors, LCD, wifi module, and motor are
all activated. Temperature, gas, and LDR sensors all begin detecting at the same time.

Figure 1
Step2:Microcontroller gets triggerd and send the information through wifi module by using TCP/IP protocol to the
base station.

Published by: Longman Publishers www.jst.org.in 182 | 5

Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 06, Issue 01, JAN-FEB 2021

www.jst.org.in DOI: https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i01.pp180-184

Figure 2

FLOW CHART:

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE:

Published by: Longman Publishers www.jst.org.in 183 | 5

Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 06, Issue 01, JAN-FEB 2021

www.jst.org.in DOI: https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i01.pp180-184

Fire is a major threat that may cause significant damage to the mine's environment. Fire suppression is an additional
subsystem that may be included in the mining safety architecture. This will need the use of a smoke sensor and a
monitorable fire retardant equipment.
CONCLUSION: A complete mine protection system has been constructed using a combination of mechanical
hardware, electrical hardware, and specialized software, resulting in a system that is lightweight and adaptable. This
gadget will compute environmental parameters in the setting of a mine.

REFERENCES:
1 Occupational Health and Safety ISO 45001, Int. Org. Standardization, UK, 2016.
2 X. Chen and P. Yu, ``Research on hierarchical mobile wireless sensor network architecture with mobile sensor nodes,'' in Proc. Int. Conf.
Biomed. Eng. Informat. Oct. 2010, pp. 2863_2867.
3 P. Deshpande and M. S. Madankar, ``Techniques improving throughput of wireless sensor network: A survey,'' in Proc. Int. Conf. Circuit,
Power Compute. Technol., Mar. 2015, pp. 1_5.
4 S. Kasera, N. Narang, and S. Narang, ``Network topology and extent in Communication Networks: Principles and Practice”. New York,
NY, USA: McGrawHill, 2005.
5 Y.-S. Choi, Y.-J. Jeon, and S.-H. Park, ``A study on sensor nodes attestation protocol in a wireless sensor network,'' in Proc. Int. Conf.
Adv. Commun. Technol., Feb. 2010, pp. 574_579.
6 W. Bing, X. Zhengdong, Z. Yao, and Y. Zhenjiang, ``Study on coal mine safety management system based on `hazard, latent danger and
emergency responses,''' Procedia Eng., vol. 84, pp. 172_177, Nov. 2014.
7 Y. K. Tan and K. Tseng, ``Low-voltage, DC grid-powered LED lighting system with smart ambient sensor control for energy conservation in
green building,'' in Smart Grid Infrastructure & Networking. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2013.
7 L. Yan-Fang et al., ``Fiber laser methane sensor and its application in coal safety,'' Procedia Eng., vol. 26, pp. 1200_1204, Sep. 2011.
8 J. Dickens and R. Teleka, ``Mine safety sensors: Test results in a simulated test stope,'' in Proc. 6th Robot. Mechatronics Conf., Oct. 2013.
pp. 105_110
Y. K. Tan Y.-and K. Tseng, ``Low-voltage, DC grid-powered LED lighting system with smart ambient sensor control for energy
conservation in green building,'' in Smart Grid Infrastructure & Networking. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2013.

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