GRAMMAR I present perfect simple and continuous

Lesson 1A VOCABULARY I personality adjectives; suffixes

PRONUNCIATION I weak forms of have and been

VOCABULARY suffixes
2 Complete the sentences with the adjective form of the
personality adjectives words in brackets.
1 A 5iljlChoose the correct word to complete the 1 Our new teacher's really ...............................
(help) - she
sentences. sent a list of useful websites to the group.
1 He's so .. ! He's planning to open two new 2 I'm not ..............................
(art) at all. I can't even draw
restaurants by the end of the year. simple objects.
a adventurous b ambitious c hopeful 3 Wow! That musician was so .....................
_-·-----
(talent)!
Imagine being able to play the piano like that.
2 Hilda is the most .........................
person I know. She
seems to disagree with everything I say. 4 I'm quite an __ ........ (emotion) person - I always
cry at the end of films.
a argumentative b rebellious c stubborn
5 I think you need to be more ............... (realist). Can
3 People often go through a .......................
stage of life, you really be a professional footballer?
where they want to break rules.
6 Jade isn't very ...............................
(like). She says
a rebellious b curious c stubborn
unpleasant things about people behind their backs.
4 I think I'm pretty............ . I've climbed a mountain, 7 Rupert is an (experience) lawyer with
trekked through the Amazon - that kind of thing.
over 30 years in the industry.
a outgoing b stubborn c adventurous
5 My sister's very ...... . Once she's made her mind
up, she won't change it.
GRAMMAR
a outgoing b stubborn c argumentative
6 My twin brother and I are completely different. I'm present perfect simple and continuous
quite shy, whereas he's very ..
a rebellious b ambitious c outgoing 3 A 5iljlChoose the correct word or phrase to complete the
sentences.
B Complete the conversation with the adjectives in
1 I've called/ been calling/ 'm calling the doctor's
the box.
all morning, but no one's answering.
adventurous ambitious argumentative 2 Have you had/ having/ been having your hair cut?
It's looks great!
cheerful curious outgoing rebellious
stubborn 3 Felix has been/ had/ been having lessons recently
and is making great progress so far.
A: Do you get on well with your brother and sister? 4 How many times have you visited/ been visiting/
been Canada?
B: Usually, but my brother can be a bit 1
Whatever my opinion is, he'll almost always tell me 5 I've studied /study/ been studying Japanese for
I'm wrong. He's quite 2 _, too. He never
just over a year now.
follows rules and sometimes gets in trouble at 6 She's raised/ been raising/ raising ¤1,000 for
school. charity.
A: Oh, dear! Your sister's always very 3 .............................
• She B Complete the blog post using the correct form of the
seems to enjoy life.
verbs in brackets.
B: Yeah, she does. She's quite 4 _and has got
loads of friends. I'm quieter than her. Anyway, what
about you and your brother? Something I'm working on
A: We get on fine. He's a lot older than me, so he's Ellie Behr I Fri 23 Oct I 10.27 GMT
working now. He's quite 5 __ _ . Like, he's Regular followers of my blog will know that, I 1.................... .
already going for a promotion.
always ........................
(be) a shy, quiet person who hates
B: He sounds quite 6......... . ....., as well. Doesn't he go conflict and walks away from any kind of argument.
mountain climbing?
Recently, though, I 2. . ............... (work) on being more
A: Yeah, he's very 7 .......................... about the world -
wants to know everything and try everything. assertive, by which I mean being stronger and

B: I wish my brother was more like yours! more confident. I 3.......................

(have) three sessions
with a life coach, who 4.... .......... (help) me to finally
A: Oh, he isn't perfect. He can be very 8..... .
and won't change his mind for anything! understand that being assertive is not the same as
being aggressive, and that people have more respect
for you when you stand up for yourself. Recently, I
5
....... (practise) the things we've talked about and
6
it .....................
(be) a real eye-opener!

4
 II
C Use the prompts to write present perfect simple or WRITING
present perfect continuous sentences.
1 I /see/that new Wes Anderson film / five times now. a blog post
2 You/ work/ on that report/ all morning! 6A Read the blog post. How has the writer changed?
3 Have/ you go/ anywhere interesting recently? Complete the summary with words from the text.
4 Ben / never try/ horse-riding / because he/ scared
of horses!
5 He/ take/ a year off/ go travelling.
I'm not the person I once was
6 I / look / for you / the last half an hour! When I was a young kid, I was pretty adventurous. I
was always out in the woods near home, climbing trees
PRONUNCIATION and swimming in the river.As a teenager, I was a bit
of a risk-taker and didn't think twice about the stuff I
4A Cl1.01 I weak forms of have and been I Listen and did: snowboarding, sky-diving, you name it! I think I've
choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
changed considerably since then. These days I much
1 He's never been / She's never been to Poland.
prefer indoor activities and I've been a music teacher
2 How long have you been/ have they been studying
for the last four years. I've become a lot calmer as a
in Manchester?
result! I'm still curious about the world, but I haven't done
3 What's he been / she been up to this week?
anything 'extreme' for a long time!
4 They've been/ I've been trying to book flights to
Mexico all morning.
5 She's been/ He's been waiting here for the last I'm definitely less 1 ....................... and no longer a 2
four hours. Nowadays, 3 ....................... are more my thing, and my role
as a 4 ....................... has calmed me down. That doesn't
B Cl1.01 I Listen again and repeat. mean I'm not 5.........................about what's going on around
me. I just choose not to take part in 6 ...................... sports
like snowboarding and sky-diving anymore!
LISTENING
B Read the comments. Underline examples of the
5 A Cl1.02 I Listen to an interview about identity. Put the present perfect simple and continuous.
topics in the order they are discussed.
a Other factors that influence our identity I would say that I've actually changed very
little. I've always been very close to my
b Howtofindyou~e~
family and we agree on most things. You'll
c The elements that form our identity
often find us all on the golf course, too -
d How we develop our sense of self
Astrid94 recently I've taken up the sport so I can join
e The importance of self-identity I 2 Nov
14.07
my parents and brothers for a game!
B Cl1.02 I Listen to the interview again. Complete the I've changed loads! As a young child I
sentences with no more than three words from the
recording.
1 Identity is a combination of your ............................................
your likes and dislikes, your moral code and what
.
*
••
was quiet like my mum, who brought me
up on her own, but in my teenage years
I was rebellious and hated school with a
motivates you. JosephER passion. I think I've outgrown that, and I've
14.22 I 2 Nov
2 Without a clear sense of self, it can be difficult been channelling my energy into being
to ambitious instead.
3 Parents provide ...............................................
for how their
I've always had two sides to my personality.
children should behave.
In my work as a gym instructor, I'm patient
4 Your identity isn't .............................................
- it develops
over the course of your life. and cheerful, but in my personal life, I'm a
5 Our relationships and experiences ... total stress-head, though I've been working
our sense of self. I_Kara on that! I still love nothing more than
14:39 I 2 Nov
getting together with friends and debating
Cl
C 5ilil 1.03 I Listen to the speaker's final advice again
all the issues important to us.
and write what you hear. You will hear the sentence
only once.
C Make notes about how these things have changed as
you have got older. Then write a blog post. Write
100-140 words.
• your personality
• your interests
• your values

5
 GRAMMAR I infinitive and -ing forms
Lesson 1B VOCABULARY I collocations about memory; idioms: memory
PRONUNCIATION I chunking: two-part collocations

VOCABULARY PRONUNCIATION
3 A Cl1.04 I chunking: two-part collocations I Listen and
collocations about memory complete the sentences.
1 5iljlChoosethe correct word or phrase to complete the 1 My...... . ...is better than my ...
sentences. 2 I've got ......................
when it comes to phone numbers!
1 I remember every detail/ learn things by heart/ 3 This song brings back a lot of
brought back memories of that day - the sunlight
on my pillow, the smell of my mother's cooking B Cl1.04 I Listen again and repeat.
downstairs ...
2 My short-term / long-term / perfect recall
memory is terrible. I can't even remember what I GRAMMAR
had for breakfast!
3 You need to learn your lines by recall/ memory/ infinitive and -ing forms
heart when you're acting on stage.
4 Oh, that programme remembered every detail/ 4A Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
brought back memories/ had a good memory for 1 I think the plan is to meet/ meeting Max outside
me. I used to work in the building that was featured the venue.
in it.
2 Annoyingly, he forgot to set/ setting a timer and
5 What are your earliest long-term / short-term / burnt the dinner.
childhood memories?
3 I remember to get up/ getting up early and
6 I haven't brought/ got/ learned a good memory - I watching TV.
never remember anything!
4 No, he stopped to go / going to Spanish classes
idioms: memory last month.
5 Mum rang - she wants to have/ having dinner with
2A Match the idioms (1-6) with the sentences which have you tonight.
a similar meaning (a-f).
6 Remember to lock/ locking the door when you
1 Things go in one ear and out the other. leave.
2 It slipped my mind.
B Complete the anecdote with the correct form of the
3 Can you refresh my memory?
verbs in brackets.
4 It's on the tip of my tongue.
5 That rings a bell.
As a child, my primary goal was 1 .................. (climb)
6 My memory's playing tricks on me.
the really big mountain I could see from my
a It sounds familiar. bedroom window. I did some exercise every
b I forgot.
day - which involved running up and down the
c I quickly forget.
stairs - 2 ....................... (improve) my stamina, so I
d I've remembered that incorrectly.
could make the climb.
e I can't quite remember it!
f Please remind me. Then, one morning, I remember 3............
B Complete the sentences with the correct form of the (set off) with some sandwiches in my
idioms in the box. schoolbag, announcing to my dad I'd be back
in time for dinner after my day's climbing.
in one ear and out the other I walked and walked, and eventually turned
memory is playing tricks on me
back so as 4............ (make sure) I was home
on the tip of my tongue refresh my memory
rings a bell slip my mind before dark. I was tired and looking forward to
.......................
(have) a big bowl of soup.
1 Now, what was it? No, don't tell me -
it's In reality, I'd only been gone an hour, with my
2 That name definitely... . ..................
Did she used to dad trailing me from a distance. The whole
work here?
family still laugh about my adventure - but I'm
3 I thought I'd sent that already. I guess
my
going to try 6.........................
(reach) the top of that
mountain one day!
4 Now, .....................................
-what time are we starting
tomorrow again?
5 You never listen! Honestly, it all goes
6 I forgot the milk! Sorry, it totally

6
 READING
Why you can't trust your
5 A Skim the article and tick the topics that are mentioned. own memory
1 What happens in the brain
2 How we adapt stories to our audience Ayodele Odetoyinbo I Mon 27 Jun
3 How and why we adapt stories
Have you got a good memory? If you answered
4 Why we forget things
'yes', then you might want to think again.
5 What the research tells us
Research has shown that our memories may not
6 How people experience things differently
be as reliable as we think. Since our memories
B Scanthe article again and underline the following help us recall past events, learn from our mistakes
information. and play a part in creating our identities, this may
1 Why our memories are useful to us not be the best news!
2 Why we make minor changes every time we tell a When we describe something that has happened
story
to us, we often make tiny adjustments each time
3 What we call memories that are entirely invented
we tell it, without even realising we're doing it.
4 The name for the process of changing our memory The reason for this could be because we wish
according to who we're talking to
that what we are saying is true, or we want our
5 What we do when we can't remember something
listener to think in a particular way about what
C Readthe article again choose the correct option (a-c). we're telling them. For example, we might want
1 What does the writer say in the second paragraph? to make them laugh or feel sorry for us - in which
a We often change stories that we think make us case, we may make changes consciously. When we
look bad. recall the story again in the future, it is likely to be
b We may or may not be aware that we are rather different to what we really experienced.
adapting our stories.
And think about those times when you were
c We usually know how someone will react to a
story. with friends and you experienced something
2 What point does the writer make in the fourth amazing, exciting or terrible together. You can be
paragraph? almost certain that their memory of the occasion
a Despite changes, memories are likely to be isn't quite the same as yours, even though you
relatively accurate. experienced exactly the same thing. Sometimes
b We invent more 'facts' each time we recall a we even create 'false memories' based on
memory. stories we know about ourselves that we don't
c A memory becomes what we last described it remember. But because we have heard them so
to be. many times, as we imagine them, we turn them
3 What would make the best alternative title for the into memories.
article?
a How our memories change as we get older Also, when we talk about what we remember to
b Your memory may not be as good as you think it is different people, the way we tell the story may
c Why it is sometimes difficult to remember things change - and when we do that, the memory
changes, too. This is known as the 'audience-
tuning' effect. The way you tell a story to someone
becomes your memory of what happened,
whether or not it is accurate. Our memories
change over time depending on our reasons for
re-telling them and how we re-tell them. Even as
we go over a memory in our heads, we are likely
to make small changes to it. And if we can't bring
to mind some of the smaller details, we will fill
in the gaps over time. What's more, we tend not
to question our memories once they are made.
So, whatever was our most recent version of the
memory becomes the memory itself.
So, next time someone asks whether you're telling
the truth and you think you are -you actually may
not be!