SECURITY

STUDIES
THEORY, PRACTICES AND TYPOLOGY
PROF.DR.FIKRET BIRDIŞLI
TE SECURITY IS
FUNDAMENTAL NEED
OF HUMAN
TIPS & TRICK
SECURITY IS A
CONCEPT, INCLUDE:

•Se+cure
•Witout fear
•Welbeing
•Stability
•Routine
NEGATIVE
SECURITY

POSITIVE
SECURITY
SECURITY STUDIES: THREATS,
INTEREST, FEAR, ANXIETY
SECURITY STUDIES: THREATS,
INTEREST, FEAR, ANXIETY
SECURITY STUDIES: THREATS,
INTEREST, FEAR, ANXIETY
HUMAN SECURITY
STUDIES
•freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from
want, and freedom from fear.

•Its depend on UN Human Development Report 1994

anditstypology:
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Economic Security
Economic security requires an assured basic income for individuals, usually
from productive and remunerative work or, as a last resort, from a publicly
financed safety net. In this sense, only about a quarter of the world's people
are presently economically secure.
•While the economic security problem may be more serious in developing
countries, concern also arises in developed countries as well.
Unemployment problems constitute an important factor underlying
political tensions and ethnic violence.
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Food security
Food security requires that all people at all times have both physical and
economic access to basic food. According to the United Nations, the overall
availability of food is not a problem, rather the problem often is the poor
distribution of food and a lack of purchasing power. In the past, food
security problems have been dealt with at both national and global levels.
However, their impacts are limited. According to UN, the key is to tackle the
problems relating to access to assets, work and assured income (related to
economic security).
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Health security –
Health security aims to guarantee minimum protection from diseases and
unhealthy lifestyles.
In developing countries, the major causes of death traditionally were
infectious and parasitic diseases, whereas in industrialized countries, the
major killers were diseases of the circulatory system. Today, lifestyle-
related chronic diseases are leading killers worldwide, with 80 percent of
deaths from chronic diseases occurring in low- and middle-income
countries. According to the United Nations, in both developing and
industrial countries, threats to health security are usually greater for poor
people in rural areas, particularly children. This is due to malnutrition and
insufficient access to health services, clean water and other basic
necessities.
•
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Environmental security
Environmental security aims to protect people from the short- and long-
term ravages of nature, man-made threats in nature, and deterioration of
the natural environment. In developing countries, lack of access to clean
water resources is one of the greatest environmental threats. In industrial
countries, one of the major threats is air pollution. Global warming, caused
by the emission of greenhouse gases, is another environmental security
issue.
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Personal Security
Personal security aims to protect people from physical violence, whether
from the state or external states, from violent individuals and sub-state
actors, from domestic abuse, or from predatory adults. For many people,
the greatest source of anxiety is crime, particularly violent crime.
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Community security
Community security aims to protect people from the loss of traditional
relationships and values and from sectarian and ethnic violence.
•Traditional communities, particularly minority ethnic groups are often
threatened. About half of the world's states have experienced some inter-
ethnic strife. The United Nations declared 1993 the Year of Indigenous
People to highlight the continuing vulnerability of the 300 million aboriginal
people in 70 countries as they face a widening spiral of violence.
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Political Security
Political security is concerned with whether people live in a society that
honors their basic human rights. According to a survey conducted by
Amnesty International, political repression, systematic torture, ill-
treatment, or disappearance was still practiced in 110 countries. Human
rights violations are most frequent during periods of political unrest. Along
with repressing individuals and groups, governments may try to exercise
control over ideas and information.
 HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES

•Political Security
Political security is concerned with whether people live in a society that
honors their basic human rights. According to a survey conducted by
Amnesty International, political repression, systematic torture, ill-
treatment, or disappearance was still practiced in 110 countries. Human
rights violations are most frequent during periods of political unrest. Along
with repressing individuals and groups, governments may try to exercise
control over ideas and information.
POLITICS SECURITY

•National Security
Security Strategy (White Paper)
Security Politics (Homeland Security)
•International Security
International Order
International Society
NATIONAL SECURITY

•Security Strategy (White Paper)

National Interest
National threats
National Security Organisations
National Security Council
Intelligence Services
•Security Politics (Homeland Security)
Protection from terrorist activity directed at State and Country
Natural and man-made crisis and emergency planning
Monitor connections between illegal drug trafficking and terrorism,
coordinate efforts to sever such connections, and otherwise contribute
to efforts to interdict illegal drug trafficking
Ensure that the overall economic security of the State is not diminished by
efforts, activities, and programs aimed at securing the homeland

Keywords: National interest, threats

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

•International security is a normative area and practice that aims to protect

the international system, society, and order, respect the external sovereignty
of states, and ensure the continuity of peace by preventing war.

•International security is the responsibility of the United Nations and member

states as an international community.
ONTOLOGICAL SECURITY (BEYOND OF PHYSICAL
SECURITY)

Ontological security is a category of security related to one's self-existence. It

means the protection of the self and identity from threats that include
existential concerns.
Ontological security has brought psychological and philosophical depth to
security studies by covering the basic instinctual area defined as body, self,
and identity.

•Identıty
•Body andIndividuality (ego/self)
•Routine, unhemlich, frustration
THEORETICAL SECURITY

•Security theory
Realist security
Critical security
Onthological security
•Security philosophy