1

Technical Drafting 10
Quarter 2, Prepare Plan Using CAD
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist
in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of
the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be
necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their
respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The
publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer : Eduardo E. Ronsairo

Jose M. Bagayana (Technical)
Editor/s :
Reviewers : Virgilio R. Cestina Jr. (Validator),
Levan A. Mendoza (Technical)
Illustrator : Edison P. Clet, Eduardo E. Ronsairo
Layout Artist : Eduardo E. Ronsairo
Management Team : Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Aurelio G. Alfonso
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Victor Javeña
OIC – Chief Curriculum Implementation Division
Wilma Q. Del Rosario
Division EPS In Charge of LRMDS

Education Program Supervisors:

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)
Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools

Division of Pasig City
 3

Quarter 2
MODULE 14
3D MODELING

Writers:

Eduardo E. Ronsairo
Jose M. Bagayana (Technical)

Validator:

Virgilio R. Cestina Jr.

 4

Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TLE 10 – Technical Drafting Module on Preparing

Plan Using CAD!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed
by its Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou
Concepcion A. Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig
through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized
the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELC) in developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5
Cs, namely: Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and
Character while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box
in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use

this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 5

For the learner:

Welcome to the TLE 10 – Technical Drafting Module on Preparing

Plan Using CAD!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while
being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and

skills that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the

lesson at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of

concepts and skills that you already know about a previous
lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to

perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in

the lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned

from the entire module.
 6

Upon completion of this lesson, you are expected to:

 enumerate the different type of 3D models and AutoCAD 3D solid commands;
 identify the different AutoCAD 3D solid commands; and
 share insights on the importance of 3D modeling.

A. Directions: Read each sentences carefully and answer the questions. Write
the letter that corresponds to the best answer on the blank.

______ 1. It provides freeform sculpting, creasing, and smoothing capabilities.

A. Mesh modeling C. Surface modeling
B. Solid modeling D. Wireframe modeling

______ 2. This offers fine control over curved surfaces for precise manipulation and
analysis.
A. Mesh modeling C. Surface modeling
B. Solid modeling D. Wireframe modeling

______ 3. It is efficient to use, easy to combine primitives and extruded profiles, and
offers mass properties and sectioning capabilities.
A. Mesh modeling C. Surface modeling
B. Solid modeling D. Wireframe modeling

______ 4. This is useful for initial design iterations and as reference geometry, serving
as a 3D framework for subsequent modeling or modification.
A. 3D modeling C. Surface modeling
B. Solid modeling D. Wireframe modeling

______ 5. It is the process of creating representation of any surface or object in three

dimensions by manipulating edges, polygons and vertices.
A. 3D modeling C. Surface modeling
B. Solid modeling D. Wireframe modeling
 7

Directions: Kindly read each item carefully and draw a check mark (/) on the column
that corresponds to your answer.
A Not
Skills A lot
little much
I can enumerate the different commands used in
drawing sections.
I can arrange the steps in drawing sections.
I understand the importance of sections in the
architectural drawing.

LESSON

LO2 PREPARE PLAN USING CAD

LO2.1 SET UP DRAWINGS ACCORDING TO STANDARD DRAWING SCALE AND
PAPER SIZE

LO2.1.14 3D MODELING

3D modeling is the process of creating 3D representation of any surface or object in

three dimensions by manipulating edges, polygons and vertices using 3D modeling
software such as AutoCAD. In architectural drawings, perspectives are well
appreciated using 3D drawings especially when rendered because it increase visual
perception.

TYPES OF 3D MODELS
Several types of 3D modeling are available in AutoCAD. Each of these 3D modeling
technologies offer a different set of capabilities. 3D modeling in AutoCAD includes
wireframes, 3D solids, surfaces, and meshes.
 8

1. Wireframe modeling is useful for initial design iterations and as reference

geometry, serving as a 3D framework for subsequent modeling or modification.
2. Solid modeling is efficient to use, easy to combine primitives and extruded
profiles, and offers mass properties and sectioning capabilities.
3. Surface modeling offers fine control over curved surfaces for precise
manipulation and analysis.
4. Mesh modeling provides freeform sculpting, creasing, and smoothing
capabilities.
To start with 3D modeling, change first the workspace.

Figure 1

1. At the bottom right

corner of the AutoCad
interface, click on the
Workspace Switching icon
(see Figure 1) and select from
workspace option the 3D
Modeling workspace (see
Figure 2).

2. This time, the 2D

Ribbon tab will change to 3D
Ribbon tabs (see Figure 3b).
Figure 2

3D Modeling Ribbon tabs

 9

Figure 3

SOLID PRIMITIVES
AutoCAD Solid primitives are basic 3D shapes in solid form such
as box, cylinder, cone, sphere, pyramid, wedge, and torus.

1. BOX – creates a 3D solid box.

Command: BOX [enter]
Specify corner of box or [CEnter]: Pick
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: @100,100 [enter]
Specify height: 100 [enter]

2. CYLINDER – creates a 3D solid cylinder.

Command: CYLINDER or CYL [enter]
Specify center pt. for base of cylinder or [Elliptical]: Pick
Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter]: 50 [enter]
Specify height of cylinder or: 120 [enter]

3. CONE – creates a 3D solid cone.

Command: CONE [enter]
Specify center pt. for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: Pick
Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 50 [enter]
Specify height of cone or: 150 [enter]

4. SPHERE – creates a 3D solid sphere.

Command: SPHERE or SPH [enter]
Specify center of sphere: Pick [enter]
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: 50 [enter]

5. PYRAMID – creates a 3D solid pyramid.

Command: PYRAMID or PYR [enter]
Specify center pt. of base: Pick
Specify base radius: 150 [enter]
Specify height: 250 [enter]

6. WEDGE – creates a 3D solid wedge.

Command: WEDGE or WE [enter]
Specify first corner of wedge or [Center]: Pick [enter]
 10

Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: @100,100 [enter]

Specify height: 150 [enter]

7. TORUS – creates a donut-shaped 3D solid. You can create a torus by

specifying the center, then the radius or diameter of the torus, then the
radius or diameter of the tube that surrounds the torus. (ACAD2018)
 Command: TORUS or TOR [enter]
 Specify center of torus: Pick
 Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 50 [enter]
 Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 10 [enter]

OTHER 3D SOLID MODELLING COMMANDS

Aside from AutoCAD Solid primitives, there are other 3D commands available that
can be used to create solids from 2D objects.

1. EXTRUDE – creates a 3D solid or surface by extruding (adding

thickness to) selected object. You can extrude an object along a
path, or you can specify a height value and a tapered angle.
 Command: EXTRUDE or EXT [enter]
 Select objects to extrude or [Mode]: Pick object (a rectangle)
 Select objects to extrude or [Mode]:
 Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper
angle/Expression] <0.00>: 1000 [enter]

2. LOFT – creates a 3D solid or surface by lofting (drawing a solid or surface)

through a set of two or more cross-section curves. Loft cross sections can
be open or closed, planar or non-planar, and can also be edge sub objects.
 Command: LOFT [enter]
 Select cross sections in lofting order or [Point/Join multiple
edges/Mode]: Specify opposite corner: 5 found [enter]
 Select cross sections in lofting order or [Point/Join multiple
edges/Mode]: 5 cross sections selected
 Enter an option [Guide/Path/Cross sections only/Settings] <Cross
sections only>: [enter]
 11

3. REVOLVE – creates a 3D solid or surface by sweeping a 2D or 3D curve

around an axis.
 Command: REVOLVE or REV [enter]
 Select object to revolve or [Mode]: select the object [enter]1 found
 Select object to revolve or [Mode]:
 Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <object>:
select the start point of axis line
 Specify axis endpoint: select the endpoint of axis line
 Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle/Reverse/Expression]
<360>:[enter]

4. SWEEP – creates a 3D solid or surface by sweeping a 2D or 3D along a

path.
 Command: SWEEP or SW [enter]
 Select object to sweep or [Mode]: select the circle [enter]1 found
 Select object to sweep or [Mode]:
 Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: select the
helix
 12

5. POLYSOLID – creates a 3D wall-like polysolid. It can create wall with

straight and curved segments of constant height and width.

 Command: POLYSOLID [enter]

 Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>: enter H
to set the height
 Specify height <80.00>: 1000 [enter]
 Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>: enter W
to set the width
 Specify width <5.00>: 150 [enter]
 Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>: enter J
to set the justification
 Enter justification [Left/Center/Right] <Center>: enter C
 Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>: pick
endpoint of line
 Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]: pick next point of line
 Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]: pick next point of line
 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Undo]: click ESC to end the command
 13

A. Directions: Enumeration.
1-4. Enumerate the different types of solids.

1. ____________________________ 3. ____________________________
2. ____________________________ 4. ____________________________

5–11. Enumerate the different solid primitives.

1. ____________________________ 5. ____________________________
2. ____________________________ 6. ____________________________
3. ____________________________ 7. ____________________________
4. ____________________________

12–15. Give at least 4 AutoCAD 3D solid commands.

1. ____________________________ 3. ____________________________
2. ____________________________ 4. ____________________________

What is 3d drawing?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What is the difference between 2D drawing and 3d drawing?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 14

Perspectives drawings are well appreciated using 3D drawings especially when

rendered because it increase visual perception. What visual characteristic/s do you
want to improve for yourself that will make you presentable and confident in the eyes
of other people?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

A. Directions: Identify what is described in each statement below. Use the blank
for your answer.

______ 1. ______ can create wall with straight and curved segments of constant height
and width.
______ 2. It can create a 3D solid or surface by sweeping a 2D or 3D along a path.
______ 3. This 3D command creates a 3D solid or surface by adding thickness to
selected object.
______ 4. It creates a 3D solid or surface by sweeping a 2D or 3D curve around an
axis.
______ 5. A ______ creates a 3D solid or surface by drawing a solid or surface through
a set of two or more cross-section curves.
______ 6. This primitive creates a donut-shaped 3D solid.
______ 7. AutoCAD ______are basic 3D shapes in solid form such as box, cylinder,
cone, sphere, pyramid, wedge, and torus.
______ 8. What is the shortcut command for EXTRUDE?
______ 9. What is the shortcut command for REVOLVE?
______ 10. What is the shortcut command for PYRAMID?
9DACE807-BC9D-4357-B47E-C6199F6AF1A2-htm.html
explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2021/ENU/AutoCAD-Core/files/GUID-
https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/autocad/learn-
AutoCAD 2018
IMCS, 2013
Livelihood Education ICT– Technical Drafting 10: Learner’s Material. Deped-
Arriola C., Bermas D., Milambiling O., Guevarra Jr. V., Technology &
REFERENCES:
PRE-TEST ACTIVITY (Enumeration) POST TEST
1. Mesh modeling 1. 3D Wireframe 12. Extrude 1. Polysolid
2. Surface modeling 2. 3D Solid 13. Loft 2. Sweep
3. Solid modeling 3. 3D Surface 14. Revolve 3. Extrude
4. Wireframe modeling 4. 3D Mesh 15. Sweep 4. Revolve
5. 3D modeling 16. Polysolid 5. Loft
5. Box 6. Torus
6. Cylinder 7. Solid primitives
7. Cone 8. EXT
8. Pyramid 9. REV
9. Sphere 10. PYR
10. Torus
11. Wedge
KEY TO CORRECTION
15