i

Attendance Monitoring System: A QR Code-Based Approach

A Capstone Project Presented to the Senior High School Department

of the Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Practical Research 2 and

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersions

By

Gian Felix Sernicula Acera

Sofhia Angela Yabut Banan

Lorrainne Tuyor Cañada

Jezriell Chris Pascu Colina

Marnere Mae Tingting Salvani

Jamaica Guiturbos Tabugoc

May 2024
 ii

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, there is neither hard copy nor soft copy data on student

attendance in most schools, including Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc. Accordingly, the

traditional method of monitoring attendance using pen and paper proved to be critical

in maintaining student attendance records. As a result, technological innovation has

shifted its focus to education. The use of Quick Response codes to monitor

attendance demonstrates that technology in education has reached its apex. They

streamline the whole attendance process and save time by making check-in quick,

simple, and error-free. This study used an experimental research methodology to

determine the significance of implementing a user-friendly QR code-based

attendance monitoring system and assess its effectiveness in capturing and

recording student attendance data. To conduct this study, the researchers utilized a

simple random sampling strategy using an evaluation form, with 30 students testing

the product. As a result, QR codes simplify and ensure the reliability of Notre Dame

of Makilala, Inc.'s attendance monitoring system, leading to the conclusion that they

can address the main problem of Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.'s student attendance

monitoring. Furthermore, the researchers recommended text message alerts for

parents, accessible attendance records for advisers, and detecting any

countermeasures of double scanning of QR codes, which leads to double entry.

Notably, the QR code-based approach allows integration with other systems as well

as increasing efficiency, accuracy, security, and reliability in attendance monitoring.

Keywords: Quick Response Code, Attendance Monitoring System, Technology in

Education, User-Friendly, Attendance Records

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The successful completion of this study would not have been possible without

the Almighty Father, for His spiritual guidance, for showering us with intellect, for

blessing us financially, and for our excellent health and strength.

To our family, especially to our parents, we express our deepest gratitude for

the endless understanding, love, and financial support bestowed in this endeavor.

To our research coordinator and subject teacher, Sir Christopher Von N.

Legaspi, for his support, teaching, understanding, and politeness despite his

workload. Thank you for providing guidance from the beginning to the end of this

journey; it will never be forgotten. The teachings and knowledge will be cherished.

To our research adviser, Mr. Jayson C. Taculod, LPT,we are immensely

grateful for the guidance and expertise in this field that made this paper possible.

Thank you for the support and for participating in the revisions to our research paper.

This study would not have been successful without you and your helping hand.

To the previous researchers, Marcos, Asuncion, Cambalon, Lapitan,

Madanguit, Nasara, Torentera, and Villacarlos, we extend our gratitude for your

research. Thank you for inspiring us to pursue this topic and continue the study you

started.

To the evaluators, panel members, and Sir Ryan James L. Navarro, thank you

for guiding us from the start and giving us valuable suggestions to ensure the

success of this research.

To Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc., where we tested our project, thank you for

allowing us to perform this research, and thank you to the entire research team for

their creative ideas. Indeed, it was a difficult and exhausting journey, but the end

result was extremely fulfilling. Congratulations, team!

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Table of Contents

TITLE PAGE.…………………………………………………………………………………i

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………..…...ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT……..……………………………………………………………...iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………….......iv

LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………………..vi

LIST OF FIGURE……………………………………………………………………….….vii

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………….1

Rationale………………………………….………………………………………….1

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………………..3

Research Questions………………………………………………………………...3

Scope and Limitation………………………………………………………………..3

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE…………………………………………………..5

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY……………….…………………………...…………………………….15

Research Methodology……………………………………………………………15

Sampling…………………………………………………………………………….15

Data Collection……………………………………………………………………..16

Data Analysis……………………………………………………………………….17

Ethical Issues……………………………………………………………………….17

Plans for Dissemination and Advocacy………………………………………….18

Chapter 4

RESULTS, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION……………………………………..…20

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Results and Discussion……………………………………………………………20

Design Considerations and Information…………………………………20

The Student Data Flowchart After QR Code Scan……………..………24

Evaluation Tally Results…………..………………..……………………..24

Conclusions…………………………………………………………………….…..27

Summary of Findings………………………………………………………………27

Recommendations…………………………………………………………………29

REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………..………30

APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………………...34

A Endorsement Form………………………………………………………...34

B Acceptance Form.………………………………………………………….35

C Permission to Conduct Survey……………………………………………36

D Evaluation Form……………….…………………………………………...37

E Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………………38
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LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Apps Used and Its Purpose 20

3 Evaluation Tally Results 25

 vii

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure Title Page

1 Flowchart of the QR Code Process 23

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Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Rationale

Monitoring attendance at school is important because it helps teachers

determine who is present, absent, or late. The typical method of monitoring

attendance is pen and paper, which requires manpower, hassle, and time. With that,

modern technological innovation has shifted its focus to education, like monitoring

attendance with Quick Response Codes. The use of QR codes for attendance is like

digital sign-in sheets. They make checking in simple, quick, and error-free, saving

time and simplifying the whole attendance process.

According to Sudha et al. (2015), student attendance plays a significant role in

justifying the academic outcome of a student, so there is a need for a tool to

systematically keep the student’s attendance record. Monitoring attendance is a

necessary task that can take a lot of time and present some challenges, and QR

codes are increasingly being used in this case. Keeping accurate records for

employees or students is important, but manually monitoring attendance can lead to

errors. Consider using a quick response (QR) code to monitor the attendance. QR

codes can streamline the attendance monitoring process in any setting and ensure

accuracy for both attendees and administrators.

Notably, QR codes are a worldwide phenomenon because they can hide large

amounts of numeric and alphabetic data. Moreover, these codes have found

extensive use in the telecommunications industry thanks to the widespread use of

smartphones that come with QR-code reading software. According to Baban (2014),
 2

the functional patterns in a QR-code image, such as the separator, finder, alignment,

and timing patterns, are what give the image its complexity.

Furthermore, on a local level, specifically in the Philippines, Notre Dame of

Makilala Inc. faces a great challenge in monitoring the attendance of the students

because it is manually written by the beadle-in-charge per classroom and later

checked by the Prefect of Discipline. However, for the past 58 years that the

institution has been built, there has been no hard copy or soft copy data on the

attendance of the students. It has all vanished or been lost, and the school year

2019–2020 has the oldest record of attendance. Because of this, the school is facing

a big problem in monitoring the attendance of the students, specifically the number

of absences and lateness.

As student researchers at Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc., monitoring

attendance using a QR code-based approach is multifaceted. Firstly, QR codes

provide an effective and efficient way to monitor attendance. The school personnel

can simply scan the QR codes of students upon entry, which can save time

compared to manual methods like roll calls. Secondly, it improves accuracy because

QR code scans are less prone to human error compared to traditional methods,

reducing the risk of inaccurate attendance records. Additionally, QR codes can offer

real-time data. This means that the Prefect of Discipline can instantly access

attendance information, allowing for prompt intervention in cases of discrepancies or

emergencies.

In this case, this study aims to determine how the QR code-based approach

can be an effective way for the attendance monitoring system at Notre Dame of

Makilala Inc. for the school year 2023-2024 because the manual system has a

tendency to make a few mistakes when recording students’ attendance during their
 3

daily visits to the school or in class. The objectives of this study are to determine the

significance of implementing a user-friendly QR code-based approach as an

attendance monitoring system and assess its effectiveness in capturing and

recording student attendance data. It will also provide opportunities for integration

with other systems.

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study is to determine the significance of implementing a

user-friendly QR code-based approach as an attendance monitoring system and

assess its effectiveness in capturing and recording student attendance data at Notre

Dame of Makilala, Inc. for the school year 2023-2024. The results of this study will

be applied to determine if implementing a QR code-based attendance monitoring

system proved more significant and effective than the traditional method for

capturing and recording student attendance data.

Research Question

The research questions of this study are the following:

1. What is the significance of a QR code-based approach in terms of the

attendance monitoring system?

2. How effective is the QR code-based attendance monitoring system in

capturing and recording student attendance data?

Scope and Limitation

This study focuses on two major variables: an attendance monitoring system

and a QR code-based approach. It aims to determine the significance of

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implementing a user-friendly QR code-based approach as an attendance monitoring

system and assess its effectiveness in capturing and recording student attendance

data at Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc. Recent studies and research will be used as

references. Other variables of features, such as text messages to parents regarding

their child's time in and time out, the easy access of class advisers to attendance,

and so on, will not be included in this study. This study is conducted during the

school year 2023-2024 at Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.

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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In light of the challenges facing the monitoring of the students’ attendance, a

few related texts emphasize innovations in keeping monitor of their attendance. In

relevance to the objectives of this research study, this literature review contains

different studies that tackle the attendance monitoring systems of students and

teachers. As this literature review gives light to the problem that this study is going to

look for an answer to through experimentation and as it provides a background on

where the phenomenon came from, it will be easier to determine the gap and to

regulate new innovations in the attendance monitoring system.

A. Attendance Monitoring System

A.1 Handwritten Attendance Through Scanning The Attendance Sheet

Srihari et al. (2002) studied handwriting differences using computer algorithms

to extract information from scanned images of handwriting. This study was

undertaken to determine the individuality of handwriting. The study is based on

recent breakthroughs in algorithms for machine learning for identifying handwriting in

scanned paper documents. Because it is impossible to prove the distinctiveness of

handwriting based on a single stroke of handwriting in this study, there are several

essential expansions of the work that might be done. Furthermore, the study may be

linked to the study conducted by Yadav and Yadav (2015), who present an overview

of several methods for handwriting recognition systems, including their limits and

accuracy rates. There are still numerous applications where a handwriting

recognition system is required, such as bank checks, postal addresses, and form

documents; it might even be used to scan handwritten attendance sheets.

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Keeping records of attendance helps to foster the sense of academic

community that schools and universities rely upon. It helps schools assess the

average proportion of students who attend school every day during the school year

and devise strategies to prevent dropouts. In this case, Nande et al. (2020) did

research on establishing a model for turning handwritten attendance records into

digital files with minimal human involvement, such as scanning the attendance sheet.

The program is designed to compute each student's total attendance, overall

attendance percentage, and determine whether or not the student is a defaulter.

Nande et al. (2020) propose employing the traditional neural network model for

handwriting recognition since it delivers efficient outcomes when the input is an

image. The major purpose of this project is to develop a computer program that will

evaluate scanned hand-filled attendance sheets, save the extracted data in Excel

sheets, and calculate each student's percentage attendance. They obtained the

most likely outcome as a digital attendance sheet in Microsoft Excel, which

calculated total student attendance and overall attendance.

In the research study of Gross et al. (2015), an educator support system, also

known as Xerox Ignite, acts as data gathering software to support K–12 educators. It

scans handwritten paper, saving time and providing free time for teachers. This

software provides a chance to improve the teaching environment; however, the

students' attendance must still be entered in handwriting before being scanned by

the computer. Although several strategies are shown in these studies, it is clear that

handwriting reorganization and recognition are difficult in today's world.

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A.2 Google Spreadsheet: Managing Students' Grades and Attendance

In Mansor's (2012) study, Google Forms and Google Spreadsheets were

used to manage students' grades and attendance. The author plans to show his

innovative Google Spreadsheet methods for managing student grades and

attendance records. When creating a file in Google Forms, it is instantly linked to a

spreadsheet with the same name (Mansor, 2012). Google Spreadsheets provides a

chance to create valuable tools for managing student learning; nevertheless, the

system's effective implementation is dependent on the availability of a reliable

internet connection. With an online connection, teachers and students may fully

utilize the devices. In this context, Sheludko's (2021) study examines variations in

attendance monitoring systems that use online survey administration software

(Google Forms and Google Spreadsheets). The paper discusses a low-cost strategy

for attendance monitoring that is practical, accurate, and works with both online and

in-person meetings.

Furthermore, Ramesh et al. (2019) found that using a free online Google

spreadsheet to keep surgical data is an innovative and effective approach. However,

this system has drawbacks such as space utilization, high maintenance costs, and

difficulty in record compilation. Additionally, according to a study conducted by

Tunbunheng (2017), an Automatic Attendance System was built using Google Forms

and sheets to register student attendance time in the classroom. It is more

convenient to utilize an Automatic Attendance System (AAS) to record student

attendance in the classroom than to use a manual technique such as signing names

on paper (Tunbunheng, 2017). The use of Google Forms and Google Spreadsheets

allows you to create forms that are accessible from anywhere (Ramesh et al., 2019;

Tunbunheng, 2017). The disadvantages (compared to the traditional technique) of

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the methods used in these studies are that the guests require internet access at

sign-in, as well as an internet connection for the moderator during the verification

phase (Mansor, 2012; Tunbunheng, 2017; Ramesh et al., 2019; Sheludko, 2021).

A.3 Attendance Manager Using Quick Response Code

Galgo (2020) studied the efficiency of the Scan Attendance Manager

Application Using Quick Response Code at Dagohoy National High School in Bohol,

Philippines. It employed a descriptive-comparative study design using a survey

methodology. It was determined that the Scan Attendance Manager is a reliable tool

that teachers may use to simply monitor class attendance by scanning the QR code

embedded in each student's ID. The application, as predicted, produces efficient

data output, from identifying missing students to making reports; hence, it is

recommended for usage. In this connection, Kwilyam's (2022) study is a QR code-

based system for maintaining attendance records at Cavendish University Uganda

that enables teachers to quickly obtain relevant attendance information and generate

appropriate reports. Both studies suggest implementing a QR code-based student

attendance system to improve efficiency and effectiveness in monitoring student

attendance data. The QR code-based attendance system will make it easier to

record and monitor student attendance (Galgo, 2020 & Kwilyam, 2022).

Furthermore, smartphones have simplified and improved everyone's lives.

Selokar et al. (2021) proposes utilizing smartphone-based QR codes to track student

or staff attendance. The advantage of employing a QR Code attendance system is

that it automates and efficiently tracks student attendance. This will simplify and

improve the system for tracking staff and student attendance (Selokar et al., 2021).

However, it is advised that the school find a way to incorporate a load budget
 9

because it costs a lot to save student attendance or send a report to parents. Future

researchers should undertake a replication study to address further problems and

factors that may impact the efficacy of the Quick Response Code.

B. QR Code-Based Approach

B.1 Monitoring Attendance Using A Barcode Scanner

Barcodes were originally detected by special optical scanners known as

barcode readers. Since their inception, barcodes have been attributed to Joseph

Woodland (Saheed et al., 2016). The notion of barcodes has evolved from the initial

linear barcodes "one-dimensional" to the matrix code "two-dimensional.". The results

of these tests confirmed that barcode solutions are simple to adopt, economical, and

successful in terms of reliability and efficiency. Moreover, attendance records are

vital for establishing academic success and should be properly recorded. According

to Subramaniam et al. (2013) and Sudha et al. (2015), student attendance plays a

significant role in justifying a student's academic performance; hence, there is a need

for a tool to systematically retain the student's attendance record. This prompted

them to perform research on a barcode-based student attendance system

(B.B.S.A.S.), in which they employed a barcode scanner as the primary hardware

and stored the student identification number. The participants have already been

given a student card with a bar code, which is a machine-readable representation of

information in a visual format composed of a series of parallel, contiguous bars and

spaces.

Furthermore, Tabassam et al. (2009) found that it becomes difficult for

management to routinely update data and manually calculate the percentage of

 10

classes attended, whereas computerizing classroom attendance monitoring offers

several advantages over the old method. Data from classrooms may be simply

converted into databases for further analysis or use. This might help improve the

design of schedules and classroom reservation choices. The purpose of this project

was to test and evaluate a real-time system that used a barcode on a student's ID

card. The objective of this student attendance system in these studies is to manage

attendance information so that students can access accurate attendance information

quickly and easily as needed, thereby improving operational efficiency and

effectiveness (Saheed et al., 2016; Subramaniam et al., 2013; Sudha et al., 2015;

Tabassam et al., 2009). Although using a barcode as a student attendance system is

excellent for recording and marking student attendance, as well as facilitating

information storage and access, barcode scanners require a straight line of sight to

read the barcode. The possibility of misreads, which can lead to data errors, and the

need for a clear line of sight between the barcode and the scanner are present in

these studies, which could affect the time spent recording a student’s attendance.

B.2 Attendance Monitoring: QR Code But Manually Check The Student's Attendance

A study was undertaken at the University of Sulaimaniyah to determine how

students used the Quick Response Code in the Attendance Checking System. Due

to QR codes adaptability, compatibility with mobile devices, and capacity for both

horizontal and vertical scanning, they are versatile (Baban, 2014). In this case, using

QR codes saves time in monitoring student attendance since they can be read and

loaded faster than barcodes. According to Baban (2014), this suggested approach

allows students to readily access their attendance data for every course. However,
 11

the instructor must manually check the student's attendance in an Excel file,

including the student's name and specific dates.

Furthermore, a smart event attendance system for a university is proposed,

which uses QR codes and Excel to speed up the process of obtaining student

attendance and tracking full attendance (Ayop et al., 2018). This page is shown and

stored in the database, and students may access their information by clicking the

send request button. The system includes an admin view where event organizers

can generate an encrypted QR code and a user view where students can log in to

the university site using their unique matriculation number and password while

scanning the QR code presented by the organizer (Ayop et al., 2018). By automating

the attendance process and eliminating the need for manual intervention, the

proposed system offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional attendance systems

(Sengupta et al., 2020). This not only saves time and costs for educational

institutions, but it also improves the general accuracy and reliability of attendance

tracking. Nonetheless, there are several drawbacks to these proposed studies, such

as the possibility of errors owing to a lack of secure authentication. There is a risk of

false attendance, in which students exploit the QR code of others to access the

premises, resulting in a double entry of data. As a result, the system is still not

trustworthy enough to stand on its own, and teachers must manually verify

attendance on a regular basis, which takes a significant amount of time and requires

manpower.

B.3 Attendance Monitoring: QR Code But Students Scan The Code Manually

In another study, an Android-Based Classroom Monitoring System for

Teachers Using QR Code Technology was conducted, which allows users to scan
 12

the QR code with their smartphone, which automatically sends attendance,

schedule, and user information data into the system entitled "Web-Based Attendance

for Teachers Using QR Code," which displays the teachers' attendance and records

(Susada & Sobejana, 2021). Based on class entry, the program offers absentee,

late, and under-time marks. To scan the QR code, the user must utilize Wi-Fi as a

server to sync the Android application with the system. Similarly, Muhamad et al.

(2021) developed a system for recording student presence using QR codes. This QR

code scanner was developed to read information from the scanned QR code and

display it on the LabVIEW interface attendance system. This technology increases

attendance tracking efficiency and has an ergonomic design for better usage. The

researchers wanted to solve the constraints of traditional attendance systems while

highlighting the necessity of technology integration in education.

In addition, Masalha and Hirzallah (2014) presented a study in which students

scanned a QR code using a specialized smartphone application. This QR code,

together with the student's identity acquired by the app, acts as proof of attendance.

By incorporating QR code technology into the attendance monitoring process, the

system provides a smooth and fast way to check student attendance. The use of QR

codes improves convenience for both students and teachers by removing the need

for manual attendance and reducing administrative strain. With the capacity to swiftly

and precisely record attendance, teachers may spend more time on lecture delivery

and classroom interaction, therefore improving the overall learning experience.

However, these studies suggest that the user must utilize Wi-Fi as a server to sync

the application and system in order to scan the QR code. In this case, a single

scanner with different QR codes is advantageous because it only requires a single

scanner to have a Wi-Fi connection, as opposed to requiring users to scan the QR

 13

codes on their smartphones, which could be time-consuming, particularly in

monitoring the attendance of students at Notre Dame of Makilala Inc. when their

smartphones do not have internet access.

Student attendance management systems are now an essential component of

the digital revolution that is sweeping the globe's schools. Because of the numerous

benefits to the school, they are becoming increasingly popular in educational

institutions ( Srihari et al., 2002; Yadav & Yadav, 2015; Nande et al., 2020; Gross et

al., 2015; Mansor, 2012; Sheludko, 2021; Ramesh et al., 2019; Tunbunheng, 2017;

Galgo, 2020; Kwilyam, 2022; Selokar et al., 2021). Attending school is directly

related to better exam results, which should open up more learning possibilities and

boost employment chances. Monitoring attendance contributes to fostering the

academic community that universities and institutions place such a high value on.

Different studies were conducted to aid the monitoring system of the students’ and

teachers’ attendance (Saheed et al., 2016; Subramaniam et al., 2013; Sudha et al.,

2015; Tabassam et al., 2009; Baban, 2014; Ayop et al., 2018; Sengupta et al., 2020;

Susada & Sobejana, 2021; Muhamad et al., 2021; Masalha & Hirzallah, 2014).

These studies provide systems that monitor the attendance of students and

teachers; however, much is known about the utilization of bar codes and applying

QR codes in specific ways as attendance monitoring. It involves factors that might

affect the effectiveness of the use of QR codes as attendance monitoring systems,

such as manually checking the attendance in Excel before using the QR code to

determine the attendance rate and the necessary use of Wi-Fi services to scan the

QR code. Therefore, this study will resort to the distribution of QR codes to the
 14

users, which only require the scanner to have internet service, and bring it into

effective action as an attendance monitoring system.

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Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This section describes how the study was conducted. The research

presentation includes research methodology, sampling, data collection, data

analysis, ethical issues, and plans for dissemination and advocacy of the data.

Research Methodology

The general research design of this study is an experimental design, and this

study aims to address the following objectives: to determine the significance of a QR

code-based approach in terms of the attendance monitoring system; and to evaluate

the effectiveness of the QR code-based attendance monitoring system in capturing

and recording students attendance data. Through this method, the researchers can

directly fulfill the main objectives of this study and identify the benefits. The

comments of experts were properly taken and incorporated into the finalization.

Sampling

The researchers looked into how utilizing QR code technology might be

effective as an attendance monitoring system. It is critical to look into more effective

alternatives to the time- and error-consuming traditional attendance monitoring

techniques. The researchers used a simple random sampling strategy to accomplish

this study. This is a method of choosing samples in which all the members of the

population are given an equal chance to be selected as respondents. It is an

unbiased method of selection, as samples are drawn by chance (Cristobal & De La

Cruz-Cristobal, 2022). The researchers will determine the success of this strategy by

using QR codes to monitor attendance and getting participant feedback. This study
 16

has the potential to improve the accuracy and usability of attendance monitoring

systems at Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.

Data Collection

Before

1. The researchers tested the system and QR code to ensure their efficiency,

accuracy, security, reliability, and effectiveness.

2. Following the test run, the researchers obtained authorization from the school

principal, research officer, and adviser to perform the study.

3. After approval, researchers produced the necessary materials, including mobile

devices and an evaluation form.

4. The researchers requested permission from randomly chosen participants

and signed informed consent after agreeing.

During

5. The researchers collect the participants data, including name, grade, section,

and student ID number, after they sign informed consent.

6. The researchers organized the obtained data and gave out the QR codes to all

participants once they were printed.

7. After that, the implementation takes place, where the researchers use mobile

devices to scan students' printed QR codes, resulting in automated attendance

on the system.

8. The researchers further tested the product to assess its effectiveness.

9. After a week of implementation and testing, the researchers conducted the

evaluation with the participants.

 17

After

10. The researchers further discuss, analyze, and comprehend the results.

11. The researchers further evaluate and re-check everything to reduce mistakes

and address potential gaps in the study.

Data Analysis

In this study, the statistical method that was utilized by the researchers was

descriptive statistics, specifically frequency distribution. According to Cristobal and

De La Cruz-Cristobal (2022), frequency distribution is the record of the number of

individuals or cases located in each category on the scale of measurement. The

attendance monitoring system is tagged as the dependent variable, whereas the QR

code-based approach is identified as the independent variable. This study will

encompass a cohort of 30 participants, spanning students from grades 7 to 12,

wherein the focus is to determine the general weighted mean of the treatment group

participants through an evaluation form. This study aims to determine the

significance of implementing a user-friendly QR code-based approach as an

attendance monitoring system and assess its effectiveness in capturing and

recording student attendance data. The interpretation of the scores is predetermined

to fall within these ranges: 1.00 - 1.89 (strongly disagree), 1.90 - 2.69 (disagree),

2.70 - 3.49 (neutral), 3.50 - 4.29 (agree), and 4.30 - 5.00 (strongly agree).

Ethical Issues

This study's ethical issues include confidentiality, plagiarism, data privacy, and

cybersecurity. The first is confidentiality, which is a critical ethical issue that ensures

information is meant for or confined to the usage of a certain individual, group, or

 18

class, according to the dictionary. All obtained data will be stored in a secure location

accessible only to the researchers. The second significant ethical issue is plagiarism,

which involves the unauthorized use of another person's ideas, techniques, findings,

or language, including those gained through confidential reading of others' research

proposals and papers (Carver et al., 2018). Adhering to the Intellectual Property

Code of the Philippines (RA 8293), the researchers will ensure the works, with the

authors' consent, are made publicly available through proper citation, paraphrasing,

quoting, and referencing.

Third, data privacy is similarly crucial, encompassing the protection of

sensitive data storage, access, retention, immutability, and security (Bigelow, 2022).

By doing so, the researchers will also comply with Republic Act No. 10173, known as

the Data Privacy Act of 2012 (DPA), which is essential for safeguarding personal

data in both government and private sector information and communication

networks. Finally, cybersecurity refers to the procedures to protect computer

systems (as on the Internet) from unauthorized access or attacks. By doing so, the

researchers will implement countermeasures such as providing verification codes for

scanning students' QR codes, which ensures an additional layer of security. These

ethical issues not only adhere to legal standards but also foster confidence and

integrity in research practices.

Plans for Dissemination and Advocacy

In this study, the project was disseminated through system implementation,

installation in the live environment, and ongoing maintenance for long-term viability.

During the implementation phase, the actual system was developed and configured

to operate as designed. Hardware and software components were set up to ensure

 19

functionality. After installation, testing occurred to verify that the system met

predefined requirements and specifications. It included various tests, such as

integration, performance, and security testing.

The researchers demonstrated the product to the students and to the Prefect

of Discipline at Notre Dame of Makilala, while on-going maintenance and periodic

upgrades were necessary to align the system with the latest technologies and

security standards. Any issues discovered during testing were resolved, and

adjustments were made to improve system security and performance. It was vital to

keep the system functional and relevant after it had been successfully deployed in

the intended setting. Backup plans or countermeasures were added to minimize

disruptions and ensure a quick restoration to normal operations in the event of

unforeseen interruptions or difficulties. This ensures that the project will eventually

become a valuable and sustainable asset in the long run.

ACTION DESCRIPTION NUMBER OF BENEFICIARY

DAYS/ WEEKS

Implementation of QR 1 week Prefect of Discipline and

Code Students

Installation of QR Code 1 week Prefect of Discipline and

Students

QR Code Test Run 1 week Prefect of Discipline and

Students

QR Code Demonstration 1 day Students

Regular Maintenance of Every after 3 weeks Prefect of Discipline and

QR Code Students

Chapter 4
 20

RESULTS, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

This section provides the results, discussion, and conclusion of the data

gathered during the study. Through experimentation and evaluation, the researchers

gained significant insights into the efficiency, accuracy, effectiveness, and design

considerations of the QR code-based approach as an effective way of monitoring

attendance. This study also contains non-prose materials such as tables and figures,

as well as extensive explanations of the statistical results. The researchers

thoroughly review the data so they can gain a better grasp of the QR code's

capabilities and potential impact.

Results and Discussion

Design Considerations and Information

This part includes the specific procedures involved in creating the system and

the QR code itself, along with some design considerations. This guide aims to

provide in-depth explanations and useful guidance. The applications used to create

the system and the QR code are displayed in the table below, along with some basic

usage information.

Table 1: Apps Used and Its Purpose

APPS INFORMATION
The Google Site was utilized to create a

home page that presents the content of

the system. It gives users a clear

overview of the website's content and

directs them to specific areas of interest.

Google Sites According to Patil (2024), Google Sites

are incredibly easy to use. Users may

 21

locate what they are seeking more

quickly and efficiently because of the

Google Site's well-organized navigation

components. As a result, the attendance

system data is arranged and visible.

According to Chernikov (2023), you can

create forms that are accessible and

automatically collect responses with

Google Forms. The questionnaires for

the student's name, section, time,

student ID number, and verification code

were created using Google Form. It was

utilized because it is a versatile and user-

Google Forms friendly tool for creating questionnaires

and surveys, and it is important for

creating QR codes that can be scanned

to verify attendance.

Google Sheets allows collaborative

editing of spreadsheets in real-time

(Team, 2022). The data, which includes

responses to the questionnaires from the

Google Form, is organized using Google

Google Sheets Sheets. The Google Spreadsheet will be

used to arrange each student's name,

student ID number, time, and verification

 22

code according to their section, along

with the status of their attendance. Most

significantly, Google Sheets provides the

data and information needed to create

QR codes. The ability of Google Sheets

to arrange data promotes teamwork,

provides transparency, coordinates with

other tools, supports robotization,

provides flexibility, and is cost-effective,

making it an essential tool for a broad

range of users and utilizing cases.

Canva is a graphic design tool that offers

a complementary feature to add static

and dynamic QR Codes and it’s a

design-first software that allows

associated marketing functions such as

adding QR Codes (Roychoudhury,

2024). The Canva software was utilized

to generate the QR code by copying the

pre-filled link from the Google form and

pasting it into the QR code generator.

Subsequently, the generated QR code

will be automatically distributed, and the

researcher also utilized the app to design

or layout the student QR codes. As a

 23

result, the QR code is useful for

monitoring attendance since it can retain

attendance data in a digital format,

making it conveniently available and

avoiding the possibility of data loss. This

type of technology can generate reports

and give real-time feedback, allowing

students to monitor their attendance. It is

a more efficient and organized alternative

to physically monitoring attendance.

Figure 1: Flowchart of the QR Code Process

The Student Data Flowchart After QR Code Scan

This part displays the direction in which the data will flow following a QR code

scan. Initially, the researchers used a mobile device to scan the student's QR code.
 24

After scanning, a link to a Google Form with the student's name, section, and ID

number pre-encoded was shown. Hence, the only questions the researchers will

need to answer are the students' time in or out and the verification code. The form

will automatically be organized based on its sheet and section after it has been

submitted. Everything is already arranged there, including their name, time, student

ID, verification code, and attendance status. The Google Sheet with the student

attendance data is only accessible by the researchers.

Furthermore, Google Site was only used to provide users with a clear

overview of the website's content and direct them to specific areas of interest. Users

may locate what they are seeking more quickly and efficiently because of the Google

Site's well-organized navigation components. Therefore, it is evident that the QR

code-based approach is an effective way of attendance monitoring system by

making it more efficient, accurate, and reliable. Providing opportunities for integration

with other systems.

Evaluation Tally Results

This part deals with the analysis of the evaluation-derived data used in the

study. Through the use of a Likert scale, the researchers gathered information from

the students on their perceptions or evaluations of the QR code-based approach as

an attendance monitoring system. Here, the evaluations findings were presented.

Table 2: Evaluation Tally Results

 25

Weighted
Questions F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 Total Description
Mean
Strongly
1 17 11 2 0 0 135 4.50
Agree
Strongly
2 17 12 1 0 0 136 4.53
Agree

3 11 11 7 1 0 122 4.07 Agree

Strongly
4 15 13 1 1 0 132 4.40
Agree
Strongly
5 15 12 3 0 0 132 4.40
Agree
Strongly
6 20 9 1 0 0 139 4.63
Agree
Strongly
7 21 7 2 0 0 129 4.63
Agree
Strongly
8 19 8 3 0 0 136 4.53
Agree
Strongly
9 17 13 0 0 0 137 4.57
Agree
Strongly
10 16 12 2 0 0 134 4.47
Agree
GENERAL
Strongly
WEIGHTED 4.47
Agree
MEAN
LEGENDS:

SCALE RANGE DESCRIPTION

5 4.30– 5.00 Strongly Agree
4 3.50 – 4.29 Agree
3 2.70 – 3.49 Neutral
2 1.90 – 2.69 Disagree
1 1.00 – 1.89 Strongly Disagree

An evaluation is important in assessing an individual's perspective since it

presents information on the individual's perspective after being exposed to stimuli or

therapy. According to the definition, evaluation is the systematic determination and

 26

assessment of a subject's value, worth, and relevance using criteria imposed by a

set of standards. It assists a project or other intervention in assessing any goal,

realizable proposal, or alternative to aid decision-making. In this way, the

researchers can determine how successful the implementation of a QR code-based

approach as an attendance monitoring system is in terms of the students'

preferences. Based on Table 2 above, it presents the data that was gathered from

the participants following their involvement in the testing and deployment of the QR

code as an attendance monitoring system.

Questions 6 and 7 have the highest weighted mean of 4.67, which is verbally

described as strongly agree. It implies that the QR code-based attendance

monitoring system allows a systematic and orderly collection of attendance, and it

makes attendance monitoring efficient and hassle-free for both the Prefect of

Discipline and the beadles in charge. Additionally, question 3, which has the lowest

weighted mean of 4.07 and is verbally described as agree, indicates that there is

less chance of errors when QR codes are used instead of manual methods. Overall,

the results presented a general weighted mean of 4.47 out of 5.00, which indicates

strongly agree, indicating that most participants strongly agree with the idea of a QR

code-based approach as an efficient, accurate, secured, and reliable attendance

monitoring system at the Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.

Conclusion

The researchers concluded that a QR code approach can address the main

problem that Notre Dame of Makilala Inc. is facing with student attendance
 27

monitoring. By giving each student an individual digital code, including their personal

information, it evaluates the effectiveness of the QR code-based approach as an

attendance monitoring system by guaranteeing accurate student attendance.

Students just need to scan their QR code to the person in charge, which is

automatically recorded on their respective Google Sheets sections. The Prefect of

Discipline and the beadle-in-charges will find it easier and less time-consuming to

monitor the student data in this way. Additionally, the data on student attendance

becomes reliable, systematic, and up-to-date and provides opportunities for

integration with other systems.

To reduce errors in attendance records, the person in charge of scanning

must make sure that the QR code is correctly aligned with the scanner for effective

implementation and utilization of QR codes. Additionally, it is the responsibility of the

students to ensure that the QR codes they are given do not become moist and fuzzy.

As a result, Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.'s attendance monitoring system is made

less complex and reliable with the use of QR codes.

Summary of Findings

Due to a lack of hard copy or soft copy student attendance data, Notre Dame

of Makilala, Inc. is facing significant challenges with its attendance records.

Additionally, the school still monitors student attendance using the traditional pen

and paper method, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and disorganized. That

indicates that the use of technology in education has reached its peak, as shown by

the use of Quick Response Codes for attendance monitoring. Hence, this study

focuses on the significance of implementing a user-friendly QR code-based

approach as an attendance monitoring system and assesses its effectiveness in

 28

capturing and recording student attendance data. The findings of this study are

summarized as follows:

1. The significance of a QR code-based approach to the attendance monitoring

system, based upon the evaluation results gathered by the researchers,

consists of the following: it is a reliable tool for schools to maintain accurate

attendance data; it provides actual data; it is a systematic and orderly

collection of attendance data; and it makes it efficient and hassle-free for the

beadles-in-charge and the Prefect of Discipline. The evaluation results show

an average weighted mean of 4.47, indicating that participants strongly

agree with the idea of a QR code-based approach as an efficient, accurate,

secured, and reliable attendance monitoring system at the Notre Dame of

Makilala, Inc. Students can benefit from a streamlined and trouble-free

attendance monitoring process with a QR code-based system. When they

arrive, they can just scan their unique QR code, eliminating the necessity for

manual writing. This approach reduces the possibility of errors or disputes

over attendance records while also promoting punctuality.

2. Based on data obtained from 30 participants, the QR code-based attendance

monitoring system is effective in capturing and recording student attendance

data. The majority of participants strongly agreed with the system's efficacy,

with a general weighted mean of 4.47 out of 5.00. This indicates that

students consider the QR code-based approach for monitoring attendance to

be reliable as well as user-friendly. Student data will be automatically

recorded with only a quick scan of the QR code, which reduces manpower,

accuracy, reliability, and longevity of attendance records. Additionally, a

Google site that has everything neatly organized, including the student's
 29

name, time, student ID number, verification code, and attendance status

based on their respective section, may be used to overview the attendance

record. Thus, it highlights how the QR code-based approach is an effective

tool as an attendance monitoring system, which presents possibilities for

system integration.

Recommendations

The researchers recommended a few concepts or ideas for further

improvement and development in regards to this study. First is text message alerts

for parents, in which they should develop a system that sends automatic text

messages informing parents about their child's attendance. Messages should

contain a specific time when their child arrived and departed school for the day. Most

importantly, apply a user-friendly platform that allows parents to opt in and

personalize notification settings. The second is accessible attendance records for

advisors, which may be created via a centralized database or digital platform that

class advisers can access. Ensure that the platform is easy to navigate and provides

real-time updates on student attendance, and include security measures to secure

sensitive student information.

The third recommendation is to detect any countermeasures for double

scanning of QR codes, which results in double input. To ensure that each student's

attendance is only scanned once. Finally, ensure that the QR code-based

attendance monitoring system is user-friendly in terms of time encoding, especially

when being scanned and automatically recorded in the system.

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APPENDICES

APPENDIX A
 34

ENDORSEMENT FORM

APPENDIX B

ACCEPTANCE FORM
 35

APPENDIX C

PERMISSION TO CONDUCT SURVEY

 36

APPENDIX D

EVALUATION FORM
37
 38

APPENDIX E

CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Gian Felix S. Acera

Sex : Male
Birthday : October 24, 2006
Birthplace : Manggahan, Pasig City
Religion : Roman Catholic
Civil Status : Single
Home Address : Purok Bagong Lipunan, Bulakanon,
Makilala, Cotabato
E-Mail : gianfelixacera@gmail.com

FAMILY BACKGROUND

Parents : Melvin G. Acera

: Maria Farra S. Acera
Siblings : Sean Andrei S. Acera
Pauline Nicole S. Acera

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School 2023-2024

Academic
Science Technology Engineering
and Mathematics (STEM)
Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Junior High School 2021-2022

Bulakanon High School
Bulakanon, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Primary School 2017-2018

Bulakanon Central Elementary School
Bulakanon, Makilala,
North Cotabato
 39

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Sofhia Angela Y. Banan

Sex : Female
Birthday : September 06, 2005
Birthplace : Amas Kidapawan Hospital
Religion : Roman Catholic
Civil Status : Single
Home Address : Purok Maligaya, Guangan, Makilala,
Cotabato
E-Mail : sofhiaangelaa@gmail.com

FAMILY BACKGROUND

Parents : Ogie A. Banan

: Armelyn Y. Banan
Siblings : N/A

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School 2023-2024

Academic
Science Technology Engineering
and Mathematics (STEM)
Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Junior High School 2021-2022

Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Primary School 2017-2018

Guangan Elementary School
Brgy. Guangan, Makilala,
North Cotabato
 40

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Lorrainne T. Cañada

Sex : Female
Birthday : December 14, 2005
Birthplace : Amas Kidapawan Hospital
Religion : Roman Catholic
Civil Status : Single
Home Address : Purok 1, Sta. Felomina, Makilala,
Cotabato
E-Mail : lorrainne141205@gmail.com

FAMILY BACKGROUND

Parents : Apolonio B. Cañada

: Rubellin T. Cañada
Siblings : Kimberly T. Cañada
Czarina Remedios T. Cañada

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School 2023-2024

Academic
Science Technology Engineering
and Mathematics (STEM)
Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Junior High School 2021-2022

Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Primary School 2017-2018

Sta. Felomina Elementary School
Brgy. Sta. Felomina, Makilala,
North Cotabato
 41

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Jezriell Chris P. Colina

Sex : Male
Birthday : January 16, 2006
Birthplace : Amas Kidapawan Hospital
Religion : United Pentecostal Church
Civil Status : Single
Home Address : Purok 16, Poblacion, Makilala,
Cotabato
E-Mail : jezriellchriscolina@gmail.com

FAMILY BACKGROUND

Parents : Ariel Q. Colina

: Julieta P. Colina
Siblings : Princess Abbey P. Colina
Juriel Kenth P. Colina

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School 2023-2024

Academic
Science Technology Engineering
and Mathematics (STEM)
Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Junior High School 2021-2022

Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Primary School 2017-2018

Matina Central Elementary School
Matina Crossing, Davao City
 42

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Marnere Mae T. Salvani

Sex : Female
Birthday : October 17, 2005
Birthplace : Acosta Hospital, Davao City
Religion : Roman Catholic
Civil Status : Single
Home Address : New Caridad, Tulunan,
North Cotabato
E-Mail : marneremae@gmail.com

FAMILY BACKGROUND

Parents : Rene Cainglet Salvani

: Mardith Tingting Salvani
Sibling : Maxwell Zion Tingting Salvani

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School 2023-2024

Academic
Science Technology Engineering
and Mathematics (STEM)
Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Junior High School 2021-2022

Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Primary School 2017-2018

Makilala Central Elementary School
Poblacion, Makilala,
North Cotabato
 43

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Jamaica G. Tabugoc

Sex : Female
Birthday : August 27, 2005
Birthplace : Amas Kidapawan Hospital
Religion : Roman Catholic
Civil Status : Single
Home Address : Purok San Isidro, Saguing,
Makilala,North Cotabato
E-Mail : majjamaica2@gmail.com

FAMILY BACKGROUND

Parents : Noel R. Tabugoc

: Merly G. Tabugoc
Siblings : Nice G. Tenajeros
Micah Ella G. Tabugoc

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School 2023-2024

Academic
Science Technology Engineering
and Mathematics (STEM)
Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Junior High School 2021-2022

Notre Dame of Makilala, Inc.
Poblacion, Makilala 9401,
North Cotabato

Primary School 2017-2018

Saguing Central Elementary School
Brgy. Saguing, Makilala,
North Cotabato