MTHGUGR: Algebraic Avpelegy = Lactuve 3 Teens Somestev ; 2023-24 CL) Plan. 1 Free abedion grenps. 2) Fran greubs os Oniguanens Exiskenes Recall, Df A free abekion group qreeh FCS), tegether arith 0 fection the follooing elds + Given omy aloaLiow group A and omy femckion wt so A, af grub trowonrurplrcen yes & ae om a gak § % am aboolinn eS ECS) Such thot Ditheocem ( Uniqueness ) Kat FCS) aed ECS) be free abeliom gronbs on a with the Punchiens PLSPIFOS) rh qespeckiv Then there 2xtsfs a wrigur As BCS ECS) Sach Hot Set s_ tegetior es Sa #’Cs) group isonrarphise s ey ca a Com mks - The ea isfomer Eo free ebelionn_ gqrobs Before geing fo Hee existence tharem f Fru shel greups, we prove & preposition thet As vaed fo prone ha exkrbemee thterem. bat 0 coat tos following sef up+ F demotes the weak product ol tia fanedy LFhier i (a; eI he wahwrol monewrorplisms CET. S Simet S595 owe paw dae debint a pumdie = Ys SF Reopacition. Fis a bree gpomb aloclian group on the tek $ with reper tte $ Go SOF. ph. tek ke given omy alin group ond WS see ves Yuneckion. T5o show = WW 2 a group hemonupliem f: fA sh. 6 Sie N# Commukes; be. vif. dy Ungquonm sf Ff. ESA aye sah 8 4 Aer ery ACT ‘ wv af Roe : ‘ 5; Te grp Rom. Sb. watt Commauke der every ies 2 t= «GlWe hewe a family of Pavoubr 4A f5¢, GR FL te weak product ne toe Piatti ond ae & Rownldy of grup hemonaphny A XS obalion - By Adkiwthin of Beak produc, We howe felleudy: A wrique grip — homonamplaitn LiF oA Gb. 2 te Nf tommuter Gor every DET Puk the diagrams ond © tygethen omd of w& d Cigat seeeate eine WHA : , A 3, Th, ¢ > 1S 44 Cowenkes fev a | ter Commules HIET . ¥ iM S$ —F ws er Commutes . Uniqueness of £ Gar |G) eee ie je omy gveub —homonceplifn uth the, requeved = pvopacty, te £ Sosa ie ySA4Dikine bs Bey, Fro OEE eos eye 2; ay a Aa nasmemenpothe- YS & fr ths 4, We howe Frog, Po Se F; mee " > totseg) th if 4+ 4|5, = oat Smee Fi is brea abolion grup om Sj der & % Ur felleses that 4; t AS Wrique Simez the Biagvarn €; Mee as av Crrmntles Pex PEM toe qose tate etic taeea ke rere ba > of {Fh tk Aelleess Anat Py aaatgne- ee Bphbicatin te Sal eke oe > Fy = dan tt hE, oe F fn Jnea] © F - weak preductd af eee - Thenom. = F Free abeadion gveub m SsBee geet Motivation. wm CP we) - Free group where [Fo 4 gvobh . Tafonmally, a kvee gvenp m & cok S WW a Qveub with = oaasS. Bass ff oa greub 1 Wel im +e conhext f veuey spaces, @ the woltn af bam iy Welbenown. Recall, tee Vo te a wv. &, hk subsot «6S Sf V ie a babs of Vf tefellecring (nalds » » Given a Aavgek verter Space “I Given © kundim 4+ Thou exists saw a unique Linean trans tan Li Vvaw stk. Llg= fs 08 eguavalenthy As diagram 6 cto Sy b temutes, ushine 2. SOON palining a. Pe the nelusin Sundin. ple tek Ske gqonerobed by imelusion funckion Kellocing — holds: * Given a donget greub th a 8 futon fi Sk a eek. A bree grok FCS) 1% a group —togete esith on At $e FCS) Such thot the omTho exlats a unigne grewh homomsrphism @ : £05) > tt Such Atone the diagram 5 ea Ns 2% a u commutes; te, $7 Gok wm w a free greub gemeraked Soy saat. twhar oabewk the existemen and free gvewb ECs) Qenorntad Ly $7 Eq. Q@ Given a sek S, A amrguaness of a Unignenes: Bebure shoving eunener of bree greeks, we prove umiguenns therrem, Rist lee Peron toe group ertaks teem ik 7 Uatgue. On parckieutan, we chads the Aollowing Herrermn: ‘ Thenem@) vot eee oak Supbest Ets) punk FCS) oe 6 together urtth inclusions Pape ap Ca ronda A ia £1C5), “Then there enriches a FCS)» FICS) Suds took & VR gine grouh jgormmorphism = Wits Sete pain ee aes i Le ras pcs) Commurkes - broel, ECS) - Free Qveub. © tawider «F'CS) GH) w tongol gvoub , uh gy eles) a bundio. By the dakinrhin of bree eer Bl gveuh Womonerphin Os ECs) cs) et. 6 £04) © i ‘ = ane ebowntbal = # New, UF anky temsins fo Sid gig am isomerphism.+ Siwwihory as im the previous item interchanging the wles of f(s) ond EC) 5 oh Lod V/, we howe thot ay pr cs) — FCS) gyeub Tespoentati Sudh Hak Hae ddogran ene pics) 36 oles €cs) commd25 Pak the dingrams G omb GD fegctrer, avd sak anne a! RSI-g FCS) PFs) HPF cy) pep poy v y Uniqueness => Nd Ad this Combleler tee proof, The existenen of vee grubs. We wh provide Constructive prosh of exe the exighmee of eae gvoubs. fy tte purpeae. cosider the Gollocaing definitions . pelt) Far ave sk S, we dealing g-{ Bi \ 483 ~ Ths i Guha seh sy ft melwed wr (hk. Laka] | ue ecut, nz0} werd uith no Note, fr n= o- wo: C) - om tatters, called the smb. wverd. The set WO cabled the eb of coords asks bikers m Bae ID Prodmek fer De CLia-- > Mn) ond Se Of, - Rew we dc Cie de, ieee oan) 5) Moves . Q Gueettation, ies Meee A hs See ie <4) ee CN ii tee oe ite: Qy Insersion. Revevse eperation/ vnove to Cahewlabiun (Bore Me, Mien oo Ba) Chas oe ALA Megane) 6) Equivalence yelakin. fy ww ew, wou! owe OY owt om ee olstaimed fern orien Say Rinahely wrony moves of. type Yond CyD define FCs > Yn. PRE OEY Goris co! «whe O24 2, stare iy Se sites, whew Them wie ~ Wai, Bok By lemma® the prodaut” * debined im item® imduees Predud iy €Cs) #2 FCS) x Fes) —, es) *CloLtapes (ye @,) =[o» 2) Theerom @ CFCs), Sl ol aera wigs een RT SEE arta ie ee EC, ¥) 3 * erock, < f= TID He eanvatemee alate of the amply wrk 18 He Mondtly clement. CO, -2 de} has Inverse (Ge has Leet SHG) ey Viet tomt FCS) bee Gvoub om 5 ath Pit 9 FG), defied dong sho (y) slo HH ke given torgeh — gveup and 4: s44 de oom Rumbo,8 Extend £ b Sus by hellecsing SOR. = FE fo ome FO ee Fe) demotes tra imvers2e of $05) tm Hae grovh th. Sele = a ECS) eH 12 haan BC Le. --3,0) = 2h)» Cnet . Ten Hw well-defined — and, Sven homonunpltimn CS) | D> Ex.® Prove thot a beer grows Mm oO won-emaphy. sat 5 5 ahookion f omd only dS has exadly ont —_clemment-- Ex@ Reve thal tha comter ff a yee greah ow a al bowing, wrere trom ane. clement Gomis of the idemsihy, alerrent> abone .