Subject: - Elements of Machine Design

(22564)

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 1 of 60

Chap Marks
ter Name of chapter With
No. Option

1 Fundamentals of Design 22

2 Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links 12

3 Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings 24

4 Design of Power screw and fasteners 26

5 Design of spring 12

6 Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears 08

Total Marks: - 104

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 2 of 60

 Q.1 Attempt any FIVE 5*2=10

a) Fundamentals of Design

b) Fundamentals of Design

c) Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links

d) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings

e) Design of Power screw and fasteners

f) Design of spring

g) Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears

Q.2 Attempt any THREE 3*4=12

a) Fundamentals of Design

b) Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links

c) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings

d) Design of Power screw and fasteners

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 3 of 60

 Q.3 Attempt any THREE 3*4=12

a) Fundamentals of Design

b) Design of Power screw and fasteners

c) Design of spring

d) Fundamentals of Design

e) Design of Power screw and fasteners

Q.4 Attempt any TWO 2*6=12

a) Fundamentals of Design

b) Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links

c) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings

Q.5 Attempt any TWO 2*6=12

a) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings

b) Design of Power screw and fasteners

c) Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears

Q.6 Attempt any TWO 2*6=12

a) Design of Power screw and fasteners

b) Design of spring

c) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 4 of 60

 COURSE: - Elements of Machine Design (22564)
PROGRAMME: - Mechanical Engineering
Syllabus: -
Course
Unit
Name of the Unit Outcome
No.
(CO)
1 Fundamentals of Design CO-564.01
2 Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links CO-564.02
3 Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings CO-564.03

Course
Q.1 Attempt any FOUR 4*2=8Marks Outcome
(CO)
a) Fundamentals of Design CO-564.01
b) Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links CO-564.02
c) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings CO-564.03
d) Fundamentals of Design CO-564.01
e) Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links CO-564.02
f) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings CO-564.03
Q.2 Attempt any THREE 3*4=12 Marks
a) Design of Joints, Levers & Offset Links CO-564.02
b) Fundamentals of Design CO-564.01
c) Design of Shafts, Keys and Couplings CO-564.03

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 5 of 60

 COURSE: - Elements of Machine Design (22564)
PROGRAMME: - Mechanical Engineering
Syllabus: -
Course
Unit Name of the Unit Outcome
No. (CO)

4 Design of Power screw and fasteners CO-564.04

5 Design of spring CO-564.05
6 Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears CO-564.06

Course
Q.1 Attempt any FOUR 4*2=8Marks Outcome
(CO)
a) Design of Power screw and fasteners CO-564.04
b) Design of spring CO-564.05
c) Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears CO-564.06
d) Design of Power screw and fasteners CO-564.04
e) Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears CO-564.06
f) Design of Power screw and fasteners CO-564.04
Q.2 Attempt any THREE 3*4=12 Marks

a) Selection of Ant frictional bearing and gears CO-564.06

b) Design of spring CO-564.05
c) Design of Power screw and fasteners CO-564.04

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 6 of 60

 COURSE: - Elements of Machine Design (22564)
PROGRAMME: - Mechanical Engineering

CO. NO. Course Outcome

Signify understanding of basic concepts in design procedure in order to

CO- 564.01
state the need for design.

Apply knowledge of stresses generated in designing mechanical joints

CO- 564.02
and levers/links for given load.

Integrate knowledge of torque transmitted, allowable shear stress,

CO- 564.03
crushing stress to design shaft, keys and couplings.

Compute the numerical for design of screw jack, toggle jack and ability
CO- 564.04 to analyze the self-locking and overhauling of power screw and integrate
the knowledge for designing the fasteners.

Enhancement in proficiency of selecting the spring as per the

CO- 564.05
application.

Apply the knowledge of antifriction bearing for selecting particular type

CO- 564.06
of bearing.

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 7 of 60

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Position in Question Paper Total Marks-22

Q.1. a) 2-Marks.
Q.1. b) 2-Marks.
Q.2. a) 4-Marks.
Q.3. a) 4-Marks.
Q.3. d) 4-Marks.
Q.4. a) 6-Marks.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Descriptive Question
1. What is factor of safety? State its importance in design of machine elements.
2. What are the factors to be considered for selection of materials for design of
machine elements?
3. Define:
a) Ductility
b) Toughness
c) Creep
4. Explain with neat sketches only
a) Methods of reducing stress concentration in cylindrical members with
shoulders.
b) Methods of reducing stress concentration in cylindrical members with holes.
5. Give the composition of:
a) 35 Mn 2 Mo 28
b) 30 Ni 4 Crl
c) 25 Cr 3 Mo 55
6. Explain the importance of Aesthetic considerations in design by giving two
examples.
7. Define Endurance or fatigue limit and draw typical S-N curve for steel.
8. Define stress-concentration. Explain any 4 methods to reduce it with neat sketches.
9. Write general equation for:
a) Bending moment
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 8 of 60
 b) Torsion Equation and explain the various terms used in it.
10. Explain ergonomics and aesthetics in automobile design.
11. Define:
a) Resilience
b) Modulus of resilience. Show modulus of resilience on stress-strain diagram
for ductile material.
12.Give the composition of:
a) X2O Cr18 Ni2,
b) 35C8
c) Fe E 230
d) FG 200
13. State and explain following theories:
a) Maximum principle stress theory.
b) Maximum shear stress theory.
14. Draw stress-strain diagram for (i) ductile material (ii) brittle material
15. Define endurance or fatigue limit and draw S-N curve for steel.
16. Define factor of safety w.r.t. mild steel and cast iron.
17. What is stress concentration? Illustrate methods to reduce it with sketches.
18. State the following material specifications.
a) FeE 230
b) FG 200
c) 3SC8
d) X20Cr18Ni12
19. State applications of maximum shear stress theory and principal normal stress
theory.
20. State and describe in brief any six ergonomics considerations in design of machine
elements.
21. Define term ‘Stress Concentration’
22. Enlist the steps involved in general design procedure.
23. Explain importance of shape and size in aesthetic design.
24. Define “Machine Design”.
25.State Six examples of ergonomic considerations in the design of a lathe machine.
26. Define factor of safety for ductile and brittle material.
27. Write the meaning of following material designation.
a) 40C8 b) SG 700/2
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 9 of 60
 c) Fe E200 d) X10Cr18Ni9
28.Explain maximum principal stress theory and maximum shear stress theory with
their uses.

MCQ Question
(Total number of Question=Marks*3=22*3=66)
Note: Correct answer is marked with bold.

1. A steel with 0.8 per cent carbon is known as___________

a) Eutectoid steel c) Hypoeutectoid steel
b) Hypereutectoid steel d) None of these
2. 18/8 steel contains ____________
a) 18 per cent nickel and 8 per cent chromium
b) 18 per cent chromium and 8 per cent nickel
c) 18 per cent nickel and 8 per cent vanadium
d) 18 per cent vanadium and 8 per cent nickel
3. The ratio of linear stress to linear strain is called
a) Modulus of elasticity c) Modulus of rigidity
b) Bulk modulus d) Poisson's ratio
4. According to Indian standard specifications, a grey cast iron designated by ‘FG200’
means that the
a) carbon content is 2%
b) maximum compressive strength is 200 N/mm2
c) minimum tensile strength is 200 N/mm2
d) maximum shear strength is 200 N/mm2
5. The material commonly used for machine tool bodies is ____
a) mild steel c) brass
b) aluminum d) cast iron
6. An aluminum member is designed based____
a) Yield stress c) proof stress
b) elastic limit stress d) ultimate stress
7. The Poisson’s ratio for steel varies from__________
a) 0.21 to 0.25 b) 0.25 to 0.33
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 10 of 60
 c) 0.33 to 0.38 d) 0.38 to 0.45
8. The energy stored in a body when strained within elastic limit is known as___
a) resilience c) strain energy
b) proof resilience d) impact energy
9. In a body, a thermal stress is one which arises because of the existence of___
a) latent heat c) total heat
b) temperature gradient d) specific heat
10.If d = diameter of solid shaft and τs = permissible stress in shear for the shaft
material, then torsional strength of shaft is written as ______
a) Pi*d^4* τs/32 c) Pi*d^4* τs/16
b) Pi*d^3* τs/32 d) Pi*d^3* τs/16
11.If di and do are the inner and outer diameters of a hollow shaft, then its polar moment
of inertia is _____
a) pi*(do^4-di^4)/64 c) pi*(do^3-di^3)/32
b) pi*(do^4-di^4)/32 d) pi*(do^3-di^3)/16
12.A load of 5 kN is to be raised by means of a steel wire. Find the minimum diameter
required, if the stress in the wire is not to exceed 100 N/mm2.
a) 7.979 mm c) 7.777 mm
b) 7.799 mm d) 7.999 mm
13.What is bearing pressure?
a) Compressive force acting on the contact area between two components
having relative motion between them
b) Tensile stress acting on the contact area between two components having relative
motion between them
c) Compressive force acting on the contact area between two components having
no relative motion between them
d) Compressive stress acting on the contact area between two components having
relative motion between them
14.The notch sensitivity q is expressed in terms of fatigue stress concentration factor Kf
theoretical stress concentration factor Kt as ______
a) (Kf + 1)/ (Kt + 1) c) (Kt + 1)/ (Kf + 1)
b) (Kf - 1)/ (Kt - 1) d) (Kt - 1)/ (Kf - 1)
15.Which of the following material has he maximum ductility?
a) Mild steel c) Zinc
b) Copper d) Aluminium
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 11 of 60
 16. Steel containing upto 0.15% carbon is known as ______
a) mild steel c) medium carbon steel
b) dead mild steel d) high carbon steel
17. Shock resistance of steel is increased by adding
a) nickel c) nickel and chromium
b) chromium d) sulphur, lead and phosphorus
18. Deformation per unit length is called as ________
a) strain c) modulus of elasticity
b) stress d) none of the above
19. In design process, which process is followed after selecting the material?
a) Selecting factor of safety c) Analysis of forces
b) Synthesis d) Determining mode of failure
20. Which design consideration deals with appearance of the product?
a) Ergonomics c) System design
b) Aesthetics d) Creative design
21. The objective of considering ergonomics in machine design is to ____
1. decrease physical stresses
2. make user adapt to the machine
3. make machine fit for the user
4. improve appearance of the product
a) only 2 c) 1 and 3
b) 3 and 4 d) 1, 3 and 4
22. In stress-strain diagram, up to proportional limit ______
a) stress is inversely proportional to strain
b) force is directly proportional to displacement
c) stress is directly proportional to strain
d) strain is directly proportional to stress
23. Which of the following materials do not have a well-defined yield point?
a) Heat treated steel c) Carbon fiber
b) Concrete d) All of the above
24. In design process, which step is followed after defining the problem?
a) Analysis c) Optimization
b) Synthesis d) Evaluation
25. For brittle materials having static load, factor of safety is given as the ratio of ______
a) endurance strength and design stress
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 12 of 60
 b) design stress and allowable stress
c) working stress and allowable stress
d) ultimate strength and design stress
26. What is meant by Aesthetics?
a) Interaction between man machine working environment
b) Appearance of the product
c) Both a. and b.
d) None of the above
27. Series of numbers offered by arithmetic progression are called as_____
a) Preferred Series c) Arithmetic series
b) Number Series d) Progression Series
28. Which of the following is the definition of Compliance?
a) Inverse of Rigidity c) Proportional to elastic Limit
b) Inverse of Stiffness d) None of the mentioned
29. Yield strength is defined as the maximum stress at which a marked increase in
elongation occurs without increase in________
a) Load c) Toughness
b) Strength d) Hardness
30. For the materials which do not exhibit a well-defined yield points, the yield strength
is defined as the stress corresponding to a permanent set of how much percentage of
gauge length?
a) 0.1 c) 0.3
b) 0.2 d) 0.4
31. Which of the following are true about plasticity?
a) Permanent Deformation
b) Ability to retain deformation under load or after removal of load
c) Plastic deformation is greater than elastic deformation
d) All of the mentioned
32. Which of the following is measure of stiffness?
a) Modulus of elasticity c) Resilience
b) Modulus of plasticity d) Toughness
33. Which of the following facts are true for resilience?
a) Ability of material to absorb energy when deformed elastically
b) Ability to retain deformation under the application of load or after removal of load
c) Ability of material to absorb energy when deformed plastically
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 13 of 60
 d) None of the mentioned
34. Which of the following are true for toughness?
a) Ability of material to absorb energy before fracture
b) Measured by Izod & Charpy test
c) Decreases with the increase in temperature
d) All of the mentioned
35. Hardness is
a) Surface property
b) Resistance to abrasion
c) Depends upon resistance to plastic deformation of the material
d) All of the mentioned
36. Which of the following relationship is true? (p=Poisson’s ratio)
a) E=2G (1+p) c) E= 2(G+ p)
b) E=G (2+p) d) No relation
37.According to principal stress theory, which option represents the correct relation
between yield strength in shear (YSS) and the yield strength in tension (YST)?
a) YSS=0.5YST c) YST=0.5YSS
b) YSS=0.577YST d) YST=0.577YSS
38.Resilience of a material is important, when it is subjected to
a) Combined loading c) Thermal stresses
b) Fatigue d) Shock loading
39.Stress concentration is caused due to
a) Variation in properties of material from point to point in a member
b) Pitting at points or areas at which loads on a member are applied
c) Abrupt change of section
d) All of the above
40.The toughness of a material _________ when it is heated
a) Does not change c) Decreases
b) Increases d) None of the Above
41.The constant factor in case of R10 series of preferred numbers is
a) 1.06 c) 1.26
b) 1.12 d) 1.58
42.Shear stress theory is applicable for
a) Ductile materials c) Elastic materials
b) Brittle materials d) All of the above
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 14 of 60
 43.Stress concentration in static loading is more serious in
a) Ductile materials c) Equally serious in both cases
b) Brittle materials d) Depends on other factors
44.If a material fails below its yield point, failure would be due to
a) Straining c) Creep
b) Fatigue d) Sudden loading
45.The property of a material which enables it to be drawn into wires with the application
of a tensile force, is called
a) Plasticity c) Ductility
b) Elasticity d) Malleability
46.Stress concentration factor is defined as the ratio of
a) Maximum stress to the endurance limit
b) Nominal stress to the endurance limit
c) Maximum stress to the nominal stress
d) Nominal stress to the maximum stress
47.The fatigue stress concentration factor is defined as
a) The ratio of endurance limit with stress concentration to the endurance limit
without stress concentration
b) The ratio of endurance limit without stress concentration to the endurance
limit with stress concentration
c) The product of the endurance limits with and without stress concentration
d) All of the above
48.Which of the following property is desirable in parts subjected to shock and impact
loads?
a) Strength c) Brittleness
b) Stiffness d) Toughness
49.In which of the following case stress concentration factor is ignored?
a) Ductile material under static load
b) Ductile material under fluctuating load
c) Brittle material under static load
d) Brittle material under fluctuating load
50.Which of the following reduces the stress concentration?
a) Use of multiple notches c) Removal of undesired material
b) Drilling additional holes d) Each of the mentioned

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 15 of 60

 51.The ratio of endurance strength and allowable stress is used to determine FOS for
_____
a) fatigue loading
b) static loading of brittle materials
c) static loading of ductile materials
d) all of the above
52.Which of the following factors are not considered while selecting values for factor of
safety?
a) Cost
b) Failure consequences
c) Degree of uncertainty about loading and material
d) None of the above
53.Match the following Group 1 items (Preferred series) and Group 2 items ( Step ratios)
and select the correct option
1. R5 ------------------------------------------------ A. 1.12
2. R20 ----------------------------------------------- B. 1.26
3. R80 ----------------------------------------------- C. 1.58
4. R10 ----------------------------------------------- D. 1.03
a) 1 – D, 2 – C, 3 – A, 4 – B c) 1 – A, 2 – C, 3 – D, 4 – B
b) 1 – B, 2 – D, 3 – C, 4 – A d) 1 – C, 2 – A, 3 – D, 4 – B
54.What is the step ratio for R40 series?
a) 1.44 c) 4.0
b) 1.05 d) 0.4
55.Which of the following is a ferrous alloy?
a) Brass c) Cast steel
b) Aluminum alloys d) All of these
56.Hardness of a material enables it to resist
a) abrasion c) plastic deformation
b) penetration d) All of these
57.The component deforming progressively under load at high temperatures is called as
a) Resilience c) Fatigue
b) Creep d) All of these
58.What is the percentage of carbon in plain carbon steel?
a) 50 to 80% c) Less than 9%
b) Less than 1.7% d) None of these
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 16 of 60
 59.Ergonomics is related to human
a) comfort c) both A and B
b) safety d) none of the above
60.The characteristics of standardization include
a) material
b) dimensions and shape of the component
c) method of testing of the product
d) all of these
61.The constant factor in case of R10 series of preferred numbers is
a) 1.06 c) 1.26
b) 1.12 d) 1.58
62.The yield point in static loading is __________ as compared to fatigue loading.
a) Higher c) Same
b) Lower d) None of these
63.The value of stress concentration factor depends upon
a) material of the part c) material & geometry of part
b) geometry of the part d) none of these
64.The endurance limit for a mirror polished material will be __________ as compared
to unpolished material.
a) same c) more
b) less d) Equal
65.The elasticity is the property of a material which enables it to
a) regain its original shape after deformation when the external forces are
removed
b) draw into wires by the application of a tensile force
c) resist fracture due to high impact loads
d) retain deformation produced under load permanently
66.Ergonomics principle suggests that
a) monitoring displays should be placed outside peripheral limitations
b) glow-in-the-dark dials made of reflective substances are good for viewing in
the nights
c) visual systems should be preferred over auditory systems in noisy
locations
d) all of the above

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 17 of 60

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Position in Question Total Marks-12

Q.1. c) 2-Marks.
Q.2. b) 4-Marks.
Q.4. b) 6-Marks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Descriptive Question
1. What is a cotter joint? State any four applications of a cotter joint.
2. Design a knuckle joint to transmit 150 KN. The design stresses may be taken as 75
MPa in tension, 60 MPa in shear and 150 MPa in compression.
3. Design a foot brake lever from the following data:
Length of lever from C.G. of the spindle to the point of application of the load = 1
meter.
Max. load on the foot plate = 800 N Overhang from the nearest bearing = 100 mm
Permissible tensile and shear stress = 70 MPa.
4. Differentiate key and cotter. Also explain why taper is provided on cotter. Give
recommended value of taper.
5. The pull in the tie rod of an iron roof truss is 50kN. Design a suitable turn buckle
(adjustable screwed joint). The permissible stresses are 75MPa in tension, 37.5MPa
in shear and 90MPa in crushing. (Use the following data for ISO screw threads for
screws, bolts and nut for course series).

6. Write the design procedure for socket and spigot cotter joint with strength equation
(any 4) with neat sketches.
7. The spindle of a drilling machine is subjected to a maximum load of 10kN. Determine
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 18 of 60
 the diameter of solid C.I. column of the machine, if tensile stress is limited to
40N/mm2. The distance between axis of spindle and axis of column is 330 mm; also
find the direct stress and stress due to bending in the column. (Ref. Fig.)

8. Write the general design procedure of bell crank lever.

9. List the applications of Turn Buckle
10. Differentiate between Knuckle joint and Cotter joint. (any four points of difference)
11. Name different Types of Lever
12. State the purpose of Cotter in Cotter Joint
13. Design single cotter joint to transmit 200 kN. Allowable stresses for the material are
75 MPa in tension and 50 MPa in shear
14. List four applications of knuckle joint.
15. Explain failure of cotter in bending with suitable sketch and strength equation.
16. Write general design procedure of the bell crank lever. (any four steps)
17. The pull in the tie rod of a roof truss is 44 kN. Design a suitable adjustable screw
joint. The permissible tensile and shear stresses are 75 MPa and 37.5 MPa
respectively.

MCQ Question
(Total number of Question=Marks*3=12*3=36)
Note: Correct answer is marked with bold

1. The length of cotter, in a sleeve and cotter joint, is taken as _______

(where d is diameter of shaft/Rod)
a) 1.5 d c) 3 d
b) 2.5 d d) 4 d

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 19 of 60

 2. In designing a sleeve and cotter joint, the outside diameter of the sleeve is taken
as____ (where d is diameter of shaft/Rod)
a) 1.5 d c) 3 d
b) 2.5 d d) 4 d
3. A cotter joint is used to transmit ____________
a) Axial tensile load only
b) axial compressive load only
c) Combined axial and twisting loads
d) axial tensile or compressive loads
4. In a turn buckle, if one of the rods has left hand threads, then the other rod will
have____________
a) right hand threads c) pointed threads
b) left hand threads d) multiple threads
5. In levers, the leverage is the ratio of ____________
a) load lifted to the effort applied
b) mechanical advantage to the velocity ratio
c) load arm to the effort arm
d) effort arm to the load arm
6. The bell crank levers used in railway signaling arrangement are of ______
a) first type of levers c) third type of levers
b) second type of levers d) None of Above
7. The cross-section of the arm of a bell crank lever is ______
a) Rectangular c) I-section type
b) Elliptical d) Any of above
8. In the levers of first type, the mechanical advantage is________
a) less than 1 c) greater than 1
b) equal to 1 d) can’t say
9. The distance between fulcrum and dead weights is 100mm. Dead weights are of
2945.2N. An effort of 294.52N acts on the other hand. Find the distance between the
fulcrum and other end of the lever.
a) 1000mm c) 10mm
b) 100mm d) 10000mm
10.If joint is to fail by crushing of socket collar then estimate the diameter of socket
collar. Given Permissible compressive stress= 126.67 N/mm².; Spigot dia=65mm;
thickness of collar=15mm

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 20 of 60

 a) 131mm c) 141mm
b) 139mm d) 149mm
11.Determine the width of the cotter used in cotter joint connecting two rods subjected
to axial load of 50kN and permissible shear stress in cotter is 50 N / (mm²). Given
thickness of cotter=10mm
a) 50mm c) 25mm
b) 100mm d) 150mm
12.Knuckle Joint can’t be used to connect two intersecting rods.
a) Yes
b) No, it can’t be used
c) It can be used with some modifications
d) It is expensive and hence isn’t used
13.____________ of the following are important parts of knuckle joint.
a) Eye c) Fork
b) Pin d) Each of the mentioned
14.Find dia. of knuckle pin for knuckle joint transmitting power 60kN. The permissible
stresses in tension, shear and compression are 70MPa, 55 MPa and 130 MPa
respectively.
a) 26 mm c) 30 mm
b) 28 mm d) 32 mm
15.Calculate the diameter of pin from shear consideration with maximum shear stress
allowed is 40NN/mm² and an axial tensile force of 50kN is acting on the rod.
a) 39mm c) 49mm
b) 44mm d) 52mm
16.In the links of suspension chains____________
a) a cotter joint is used c) both are used
b) a knuckle joint is used d) None is used
17.The loose knuckle pin in the fork will be subjected to ________
a) shearing c) crushing
b) bending d) tearing
18.The maximum effort applied by hand is ________
a) 200 N ~ 300 N c) 400 N ~ 500 N
b) 300 N ~ 400 N d) All Above
19.Find dia. of tie rod of turn buckle subjected to pull of 5 kN. The rod and nut are made
of Fe E 380and factor of safety is 5.

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 21 of 60

 a) 10 mm c) 14 mm
b) 12 mm d) 16 mm
20.A right-angled bell-crank is designed to raise a load of 5kN at short arm whose length
is 100mm. Longer arm is of length 500mm. Calculate the reaction or force acting on
the fulcrum.
a) 5.1 c) 6.1
b) 5.8 d) 6.8
21.In a steam engine, the valve rod is connected to an eccentric rod by means of
a) Cotter joint c) Universal joint
b) Knuckle joint d) Flange coupling
22.The rocker arms in internal combustion engines are of__________.
a) First type levers c) Third type levers
b) Second type levers d) None of these
23.A cotter joint is used to connect two __________ rods.
a) Co-axial c) Parallel
b) Perpendicular d) None of these
24.Stress induced on contact area between cotter and socket collar is ______
a) Tensile stress c) Crushing stress
b) Direct shear stress d) None of the above
25.A right angled bell-crank is designed to raise a load of 5kN at short arm whose length
is 100mm. Also longer arm is of length 500mm. If permissible bearing pressure on
pin is 10N/mm² and diameter of the 20mm, find the length of the pin.
a) 35.5mm c) 20mm
b) 25.5mm d) 30mm
26.A right angled bell-crank is designed to raise a load of 5kN at short arm whose length
is 100mm. Also longer arm is of length 500mm. If permissible bearing pressure on
pin is 10N/mm² and diameter of the 20mm, find the shear stress in the pin.
a) 8.12 c) 9.12
b) 8.51 d) 9.51
27.Which distance is more important from the fulcrum for a lever
a) Distance of load to be lifted
b) Distance of the force applied
c) Distances of both load as well as of effort
d) None
28.Mechanical advantage is

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 22 of 60

 a) Distance object moved / Distance effort applied
b) Distance effort applied / Distance object moved
c) Distance effort applied x Distance object moved
d) None
29.Another way of defining Mechanical advantage is
a) Input force/ Output force c) Output force x Input force
b) Output force/ Input force d) None
30.The diameter of knuckle pin in a knuckle joint is usually taken as (where d = Diameter
of the rod)
a) 0.5 d c) d
b) 0.8 d d) 1.2 d
31.The taper on cotter varies from…….
a) 1 in 24 to 1 in 20 c) 1 in 32 to 1 in 24
b) 1 in 15 to 1 in 10 d) 1 in 48 to 1 in 24
32.Find dia. of rod for knuckle joint transmitting power 60kN. The permissible stresses
in tension, shear and compression are 70MPa, 55 MPa and 130 MPa respectively.
a) 30 mm c) 34 mm
b) 36 mm d) 32 mm
33.Find dia. of rod for foot lever of 1m long and load of 800 N. The permissible stresses
in tension and shear are 73MPa and 70 MPa respectively.
a) 38 mm c) 36 mm
b) 42 mm d) 40 mm
34.The draw of cotter should not be more than
a) 3 mm c) 8 mm
b) 6 mm d) 12 mm
35.When the fulcrum is in between the load and effort, the lever is said to be of
a) First type c) Second type
b) Third type d) Any one of these
36.Which among the following is a knuckle joint?
a) Tension link in bridge structure c) Foundation bolt
b) Both a. and b. d) None of the above

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 23 of 60

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Position in Question Paper Total Marks-24

Q.1. d) 2-Marks.
Q.2. c) 4-Marks.
Q.4. c) 6-Marks.
Q.5. a) 6-Marks.
Q.6. c) 6-Marks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Descriptive Question
1. A hollow shaft for a rotary compressor is to be designed to transmit maximum
torque of 4750 N-m. The shear stress in the shaft is limited to 50 MPa. Determine
the inside outside diameter of the shaft if the ratio of inside to outside diameter of
the shaft is 0.4.
2. Design a bushed pin type flexible coupling for connecting a motor shaft to a pump
shaft for the following service conditions.
Power to be transmitted = 40 KW.
Speed of the motor shaft = 1000
RPM. Diameter of the motor shaft = 50 mm
Diameter of the pump shaft = 25 mm
The bearing pressure in the rubber bush and allowable stress in the pins are to be
limited to 0.45 N/mm2 and 25 MPa respectively.
3. Draw neat sketch of a protected type flanged coupling showing all details.
4. Explain the following types of stresses
a) Transverse shear stress
b) Compressive stress
c) Torsional shear stress
5. What are the considerations in design of dimensions of formed and parallel key
having rectangular cross section?
6. A shaft 30 mm. diameter is transmitting power at a maximum shear stress of
80MPa. If a pulley is connected to the shaft by means of a key, find the dimension
of the key so that stress in the key is not to exceed 50MPa and length of the key is
4 times the width.
7. Explain effect of keyways on strength of shaft. Name one type of key which does
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 24 of 60
 not affect strength of shaft.
8. A hollow shaft is to be designed to transmit 600 kW at 110 rpm. The maximum
torque being 20% greater than the mean. The shear stress is not to exceed 63 MPa
and angle of twist in a length of 3 mts not to exceed 1.4 degree. Find external
diameter of the shaft if the internal diameter to external diameter is 3/8. Take
modulus of rigidity 84 GPa.
9. Prove that for a square key the permissible crushing stress is twise the permissible
shear stress.
10. Write the general design procedure of a flange coupling (unprotected type).
11. Draw a neat labelled sketch of protective type flange coupling.
12. Determine the diameter of hollow shaft having inside diameter 0.6 times outside
diameter. The shaft is driven by 900 mm diameter overhung pulley placed
vertically. The weight of pulley is 600 N. The overhung is 250 mm, the tension in
the tight and slack side are 2900 N and 1000 N respectively. Assume Fs = 85
N/mm2.
13. Compare the weight and strength of hollow shaft of same external diameter as that
of solid shaft. The inside diameter of the hollow shaft being half the external
diameter. Both the shafts have same material and length.
14. What are the advantages and disadvantages of muff coupling (02 each)?
15. A 45 mm diameter shaft is made of steel with yield strength of 400 N/mm2. A key
of size 14 mm wide and 9 mm thick made of steel with yield strength of 340 N/mm2
is to be used. Find the required length of key, if the shaft is loaded to transmit the
maximum permissible torque. Use maximum shear stress theory and assume a
factor of safety as 2.
16. Classify ‘Key’
17. List the requirements of good Coupling
18. List different Shaft Materials
19. Hollow shaft is required to transmit 50 kW power at 600 rpm. Calculate its inside
and outside diameters if its ratio is 0.8. Consider yield strength of material as
380N/mm2 and factor of safety as 4.
20. Name four types of keys.
21. A lathe receives power from an overhung shaft situated exactly above the lathe
pulley by meance of the belt drive. A pulley weighing 400 N and of diameter 270
mm is fixed on the shaft at a distance of 300 mm to the right of the left-hand
bearing. The centre to centre distance between the two shaft supporting bearing is

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 25 of 60

 900 mm. The maximum power required by machine is 5 kW at 200 rpm. The belt
tension ratio is 2.5. Determine the diameter of shaft. Allowable shear stress for
shaft material is 40 N/mm2.
22. A flanged protective type coupling is required to transmit 7.5 KW at 720 r.p.m.
Assume the following stresses for the coupling components. Permissible shear
stress for shaft, bolt and key material = 33 N/mm2 Permissible crushing stress for
bolt and key material = 60 N/mm2 Find: (i) Diameter of shaft (ii) Dimensions of
key (iii) Diameter of bolt
23. A hollow transmission shaft having inside diameter 0.6 times the outside diameter,
is made of plain carbon steel 40C8 and having permissible shear stress equal to 65
MPa. A belt pulley, 1000 mm in diameter is mounted on the shaft, which overhangs
the left hand bearing by 250 mm. The belts are vertical transmit power to the
machine shaft below the pulley. The tension on tight and slack side of the belt are
3 kN and 1 kN respectively, while the weight of the pulley is 500 N. The angle of
wrap of the belt on pulley is 180°. Calculate outside and inside diameter of the
shaft.

MCQ Question
(Total number of Question=Marks*3=12*3=36)
Note: Correct answer is marked with bold

1. A sunk key fits in the keyway of the _____ only.

a) Hub c) Both hub and sleeve
b) Sleeve d) Neither hub nor sleeve
2. A shaft is designed on the basis of ________
a) rigidity c) Both a, b
b) stiffness d) None
3. The standard length of the shaft is_______
a) 5 m c) 7 m
b) 6 m d) All of these
2𝜋𝑁𝑇
4. In power transmission equation, 𝑃 =
60𝑥1000
a) P is in kw and T is the maximum torque
b) P is in NM/sec and T is the maximum torque
c) P is in NM/sec and T is mean torque
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 26 of 60
 d) P is in kw and T is mean torque
5. When a shaft is subjected to combined twisting moment (T) and bending moment (M),
then the equivalent twisting moment is equal to____
1 1
a) √(𝑀2 +𝑇 2 ) c) √𝑀 + (𝑀2 +𝑇 2 )
2 2
b) √(𝑴𝟐 +𝑻𝟐 ) d) √𝑀 + (𝑀2 +𝑇 2 )
6. A key way lowers _______________
a) the strength of the shaft
b) the rigidity of the shaft
c) both the strength and rigidity of the shaft
d) the ductility of the shaft
7. A key made from a cylindrical disc having segmental cross-section is known as___
a) feather key c) woodruff key
b) gib head key d) flat saddle key
8. The type of stresses developed in the key is/are________
a) shear stress alone
b) bearing stress alone
c) both shear and bearing stresses
d) shearing, bearing and bending stresses
9. A shaft coupling should _______
a) Be easy to connect or disconnect
b) Transmit full power of the shaft
c) Hold the shafts in perfect alignment
d) All of these
10. A universal coupling is used to connect two shafts________
a) Which are not in exact alignment
b) Which are perfectly aligned
c) Whose axes intersect at a small angle
d) Have lateral misalignment
11. Oldham coupling is used to connect two shafts___________
a) Which are not in exact alignment
b) Which are perfectly aligned
c) Whose axes intersect at a small angle
d) Have lateral misalignment
12. A muff type coupling ___________
a) Is a simple type rigid coupling
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 27 of 60
 b) Is a simple type of flexible coupling
c) Is used for coplanar shafts
d) Is used for non-coplanar shafts
13. A bushed pin flexible type coupling is used to join two shafts which_____
a) Are not in exact alignment
b) Are not coplanar
c) Change position during operation
d) Are inclined
14. In case of sunk key, the key way is cut in _____
a) shaft only c) both shaft and hub
b) bub only d) helical along the shaft
15.The sleeve or muff coupling is designed as a
a) Dun cylinder c) Solid shaft
b) Hollow shaft d) Thick cylinder
16. In a flange coupling, the flanges are coupled together by means of
a) Bolts and nuts c) Headless taper bolts
b) Studs d) None of these
17. The shaft is always stepped with ________ diameter at the middle portion and
__________ diameter at the shaft ends.
a) Minimum, maximum c) Minimum, minimum
b) Maximum, minimum d) Zero, infinity
18. ______ is used for a shaft that supports rotating elements like wheels, drums or rope
sleaves.
a) Spindle c) Shaf
b) Axle d) None of the listed
19. Is it necessary for an axle to be ______ with respect to rotating element?
a) Stationary c) Moving or stationary
b) Moving d) None of the listed
20. Which of the following act on shafts?
a) Torsional moment c) Both torsional and bending
b) Bending Moment d) None of the mentioned
21. When the shaft is subjected to pure bending moment, the bending stress is given by?
a) None of the listed c) 16M/πdᵌ
b) 32M/πdᵌ d) 8M/πdᵌ
22. When the shaft is subjected to pure torsional moment, the torsional stress is given by?
a) None of the listed b) 32M/πdᵌ
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 28 of 60
 c) 16M/πdᵌ d) 8M/πdᵌ
23. If allowable shear stress in the shaft is 70N/mm² and torsional and bending moments
are M=1185000N-mm and m=330000N-mm, find the diameter of the shaft.
a) 36.8mm c) 44.7mm
b) 39.7mm d) 40.3mm
24. Calculate the shaft diameter on rigidity basis if torsional moment is 196000N-mm,
length of shaft is 1000mm. Permissible angle of twist per meter is 0.5’ and take
G=79300N/mm².
a) None of the listed c) 35.8mm
b) 41.2mm d) 38.8mm
25. The main advantage of sunk key is that it is a _____ drive.
a) Positive c) Neutral
b) Negative d) None of the listed
26. Woodruff key permits _____ movement b/w shaft and the hub.
a) Axial c) Eccentric
b) Radial d) None of the listed
27. A muff coupling is connecting two shafts. The torque involved is 650N-m. The shaft
diameter is 45mm with length and breadth of the key being 14mm and 80mm
respectively. Find the shear stress induced in the key.
a) 30.2N/mm² c) 34.4N/mm²
b) 25.8N/mm² d) None of the listed
28. A muff coupling is connecting two shafts. The torque involved is 650N-m. The shaft
diameter is 45mm with length and height of the key being 14mm and 80mm
respectively. Find the compressive stress induced in the key.
a) 70.1 N/mm² c) 45.5N/mm²
b) 51.6N/mm² d) None of the listed
29. If shaft diameter is 40mm, calculate the diameter of sleeves in clamp coupling.
a) 100mm c) 60mm
b) 80mm d) 40mm
30. If shaft diameter is 40mm, calculate the length of sleeves in clamp coupling.
a) 80mm c) 100mm
b) 140mm d) 120mm
31. If 8 bolts are emplaced in a clamp coupling with shaft diameter 80mm d, calculate
the tensile force on each bolt if coefficient of friction is 0.3 and torque transmitted is
4000N-m.

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 29 of 60

 a) 51234.4N c) 41666.7N
b) 45968.3N d) None of the listed
32. If 8 bolts are emplaced in a clamp coupling with shaft diameter 80mm d, calculate
the diameter of each bolt if coefficient of friction is 0.3 and torque transmitted is
4000N-m. Permissible tensile stress is 80N/mm².
a) 27mm c) 23mm
b) 25mm d) 21mm
33. If shaft diameter is 60mm, how many bolts are recommended for rigid flange
coupling?
a) 2 c) 4
b) 3 d) 5
34. Determine the diameter of the bolts used in rigid flange coupling if transmitted torque
is 270N-m, pitch circle diameter=125mm and four bolts are emplace in the coupling.
Permissible shear stress in the bolts is 70N/mm².
a) 3.8mm c) 4.4mm
b) 3.6mm d) 4mm
35. Find the shear stress in a flange at the junction of hub in rigid flanged coupling if
torsional moment is 2980N-m and diameter of hub being 125mm. Also, the thickness
of flange is 25mm.
a) 6.77N/mm² c) 4.84N/mm²
b) 10.24N/mm² d) 4.22N/mm²
36. Calculate the force acting on each pin in flexible coupling if torque transmitted is
397N-m and PCD=120mm with number of pins 6.
a) 1400.3N c) 1320.3N
b) 1102.8N d) None of the listed
37. Which of the following statement is wrong?
a) A key is used as a temporary fastening
b) A key is subjected to tensile stresses
c) A key is always inserted parallel to the axis of the shaft
d) A key prevents relative motion between the shaft and boss of the pulley
38. A saddle key __________ power through frictional resistance only.
a) Transmits c) Either A or B
b) Does not transmit d) None of these
39.A tapered key which fits in a key way in the hub and is flat on the shaft, is known as
a) Feather key b) Gib-head key

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 30 of 60

 c) Wood ruff key d) Flat saddle key
40.Which one of the following loading is considered for the design of axles?
a) Bending moment only
b) Twisting moment only
c) Combined bending moment and twisting moments
d) Combined action of bending moment, twisting moment and axial thrust
41.In designing a sleeve coupling, outer diameter of the sleeve is taken as (where d =
Diameter of the shaft)
a) d + 17 mm c) 2d + 20 mm
b) 2d + 13 mm d) 3.5d
42.When the material of key and shaft is same, and the width of key is one-fourth of the
diameter of shaft (d), then length of key will be
a) 0.8 d c) 1.57 d
b) 1.2 d d) 1.8 d
43.The usual proportion for the width of key is (where d = Diameter of shaft or diameter
of hole in the hub)
a) d/8 c) d/4
b) d/6 d) d/2
44.A hollow shaft will transmit a __________ torque than a solid shaft of the same mass
and same material.
a) Smaller c) Medium
b) Greater d) None of these
45.A woodruff key is _________
a) A tapered key with head at one end
b) Fitted in pairs at right angles
c) Capable of tilting in a recess milled out in the shaft
d) All of the above
46.The taper on key is given on ______
a) Bottom side only c) On both sides
b) Top side only d) Any side
47.The angle of twist of shaft is _____
a) Directly proportional to (shaft diameter)²
b) Inversely proportional to (shaft diameter)²
c) Directly proportional to (shaft diameter)⁴
d) Inversely proportional to (shaft diameter)⁴

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 31 of 60

 48.In designing a key, it is assumed that the distribution of forces along the length of key
a) Varies linearly
b) Is uniform throughout
c) Varies exponentially, being more at the torque-input end
d) Varies exponentially, being less at the torque-input end
49.A circular shaft can transmit a torque of 5 kN-m. If the torque is reduced to 4 kN-m,
then the maximum value of bending moment that can be applied to the shaft is
a) 1 kN-m c) 3 kN-m
b) 2 kN-m d) 4 kN-m
50.In a flange coupling, the bolts are subjected to
a) Tensile stress c) Shear stress
b) Compressive stress d) None of these
51.A shaft is subjected to fluctuating loads for which the normal torque (T) and bending
moment (M) are 1000 N-m and 500 N-m respectively. If the combined shock and
fatigue factor for bending is 1.5 and combined shock and fatigue factor for torsion is
2, then the equivalent twisting moment for the shaft is
a) 2000 N-m c) 2100 N-m
b) 2050 N-m d) 2136 N-m
52.A flange coupling is used to connect two shafts
a) Which are perfectly aligned
b) Which are not in exact alignment
c) Have lateral misalignment
d) Whose axes intersect at a small angle
53.A crankshaft is a __________ shaft.
a) Transmission c) Machine frame
b) Machine d) None of these
54.A coupling used to connect two perfectly aligned shafts, is
a) Muff coupling c) Flange coupling
b) Compression coupling d) All of these
55.If a shaft made from ductile material is subjected to combined bending and twisting
moment, calculations based on which one of the following failure theories will give
the most conservative value?
a) Maximum principal stress theory
b) Maximum shear stress theory
c) Maximum strain energy theory

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 32 of 60

 d) Maximum distortion energy theory
56.The taper on a rectangular sunk key is
a) 1 in 16 c) 1 in 48
b) 1 in 32 d) 1 in 100
57.For a shaft diameter of 100 mm, the number of bolts in a flange coupling should be
a) 4 c) 8
b) 6 d) 10
58.Two shafts A and B are made of the same material. The diameter of shaft A is twice
as that of shaft B. The power transmitted by the shaft A will be __________ of shaft
B.
a) Twice c) Eight times
b) Four times d) Sixteen times
59.A hollow saddle key is
a) A taper key which fits half in the key way of hub and half in the key way of shaft
b) A taper key which fits in a key way of the hub and is flat on the shaft
c) A taper key which fits in a key way of the hub and the bottom of the key is
shaped to fit the curved surface of the shaft
d) Provided in pairs at right angles and each key is to withstand torsion in one
direction only
60.A tapered key which fits in a key way in the hub and the bottom of which is shaped to
fit the curved surface of the shaft, is known as,
a) Hollow saddle key c) Soft key
b) Hollow key d) None of these
61.The bending moment ‘M’ and a torque ‘T’ is applied on a solid circular shaft. If the
maximum bending stress equals to maximum shear stress developed, then ‘M’ is equal
to
a) T/2 c) 2 T
b) T d) 4 T
62.The distribution of the forces along the length of key fitted in a shaft
a) Varies linearly
b) Is uniform throughout
c) Varies exponentially, being more near the torque-input end
d) Varies exponentially, being less near the torque-input end
63.In designing a flange coupling, the pitch circle diameter of bolts is taken as (where d
= Diameter of the shaft)

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 33 of 60

 a) 2 d c) 3 d
b) 4 d d) 5 d
64.The sleeve or muff coupling is designed as a _
a) dun cylinder c) solid shaft
b) thick cylinder d) hollow shaft
65.A transmission shaft includes
a) counter shaft c) over head shaft
b) line shaft d) all of these
66.Two shafts A and B under pure torsion are of identical length and identical weight and
are made of the same material. The shaft A is solid and the shaft B is hollow. We can
say that
a) shaft B is better than shaft A c) both the shafts are equally good
b) shaft A is better than shaft B d) None of above
67.A shaft is subjected to a maximum bending stress of 80 N/mm2 and maximum
shearing stress equal to 30 N/mm2 at a particular section. If the yield point in tension
of the material is 280 N/mm2 and the maximum shear stress theory of failure is used,
then the factor of safety obtained will be
a) 2.5 c) 3.0
b) 2.8 d) 3.5
68.Which of the following statement is correct?
a) A parallel sunk key is a taperless key
b) A parallel sunk key may be rectangular or square in cross-section
c) A flat saddle key is a taper key which fits in a key way of the hub and is flat on the
shaft
d) all of the above
69.Which material is used for bushes in the bushed pin type of flexible coupling?
a) Gun metal c) Rubber
b) Plastic d) Aluminium
70.Which property is not required for shaft materials?
a) High shear and tensile strength c) High fatigue strength
b) Good machinability d) Good castability
71.The product of the tangential force acting on the shaft and its distance from the axis
of the shaft (i.e. the radius of the shaft) is known as
a) bending moment c) torsional rigidity
b) twisting moment d) flexural rigidity

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 34 of 60

 72.A shaft revolving at ω rad / s transmits torque (T) in N-m. The power developed is
a) 𝑻 ∗ 𝝎 𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐬 c) 2 ∗ π ∗ T ∗ ω watts
2∗π∗T∗ω 2∗π∗T∗ω
b) 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠 d) 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
75 4500

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 35 of 60

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Position in Question Paper Total Marks-26

Q.1. e) 2-Marks.
Q.2. d) 4-Marks.
Q.3. b) 4-Marks.
Q.3. e) 4-Marks.
Q.5. b) 6-Marks.
Q.6. a) 6-Marks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Descriptive Question
1. Compare welded joints with screwed joints. (Any six points) (4)
2. Define following terms w.r.t. bolts:
a) Major diameter c) Pitch
b) Minor diameter d) Lead (4)
3. a) Show that the efficiency of a self-locking screw is less than 50%.
b) What is self-locking property of threads and where it is necessary? (8)
4. a) The extension springs are in considerably less use than compression springs.
Why?
b) Explain the terms self-locking and overhauling of screw. (8)
5. State the strength equation of double parallel fillet weld and single transverse fillet
weld with neat sketches. (4)
6. Draw profiles to square and Acme threads with full details. Which one is stronger?
(4)
7. A bracket as shown in Figure is fixed to a vertical steel column by means of five
standard bolts. Determine:
a) The diameter of the fixing bolts.
b) The thickness of the arms of the bracket.

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 36 of 60

 8. Assume safe working stress of 70 MPa in tension and 50 MPa in shear. (4)
9. Show that efficiency of square threaded power screw is never greater than 50%. (4)
10. Why square thread is preferred over ‘v’ thread for power transmission? (4)
11. Draw symbolic representation of following types of weld:
a) Double V butt joint c) Single level butt
b) Double ‘U’ butt joint d) Spot (4)
12. A plate 100 mm wide and 10 mm thick is to be welded by another weld by means
of double parallel fillet welds. The plates are subjected to a static load of 80 kN.
(Take permissible = 55 N/mm2). (4)
13. Give the design procedure of screw and nut of a screw jack. (8)
14. Explain:
a) self-locking
b) overhauling of a power screw. (4)
15. Explain with neat sketch, the bolt of uniform strength. (4)
16. State any four advantages and disadvantages of welded joints over screwed joint.
(4)
17. A bracket as shown in fig no. 1 is fixed to the wall by means of four bolts.

18. Find the size of the bolts if σt = 70N/mm2 for bolt material. (8)
19. Two steel plates 120 mm wide and 12.5 mm thick are to be connected together by
double transverse fillet weld. The maximum tensile stress for the plate and welding
material is not to exceed 70 N/mm2. Find the length of weld required for maximum
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 37 of 60
 static loading. (4)
20. State the strength equations of double parallel fillet weld and double transverse
fillet weld with neat sketches. (6)
21. Write strength equations for Design of Screw spindle of toggle Jack
22. A power screw on a machine has single start square thread with a non-rotating
bronze nut. Axial force on the screw is 15 kN. Allowable stresses for screw
material in compression and shear are 85 MPa and 37 MPa respectively. Allowable
bearing pressure for the screw nut pair is 5 MPa. Find (i) Core diameter of screw
(ii) Length of the nut (iii) Efficiency of power screw in coefficient of friction
between screw and nut is 0.12.
23. Draw neat labelled sketches of Acme and square thread profile
24. List any four applications of power screw.
25. Draw freehand sketches of thread profiles (any four) with full details.
26. The lead screw of lathe has Acme thread of 60 mm outside diameter and 8 mm
pitch. It supplies drive to a tool carriage which need an axial force of 2000 N. A
collar bearing with inner and outer radius as 30 mm and 60 mm respectively is
provided. The coefficient of friction for the screw thread is 0.12 and for collar it is
0.10. Find the torque required to drive the screw and the efficiency of the screw.
27.A plate 75 mm wide and 12.5 mm thick is to be joined with another plate by single
transverse and parallel fillet weld, Maximum tensile and shear stresses are 70
N/mm2 and 56 N/mm2 respectively. Find the length of each parallel fillet weld if
joint is subjected to 90 kN.

MCQ Question
(Total number of Question=Marks*3=26*3=78)
Note: Correct answer is marked with bold

1. Neither hub nor sleeve Depending upon the holding arrangement, power screws
operate in how many different arrangements.
a) 2 c) 4
b) 3 d) 5
2. V threads are highly recommended for fastening as well as power transmission
purpose.
a) Yes b) Never
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 38 of 60
 c) In some cases d) Can’t be stated
3. Which of the following are true for buttress threads?
a) Combination of square and trapezoidal threads
b) Transmit motion in one direction only
c) They are used in vices
d) All of the mentioned
4. Tr 40 x 14(P 7), here 14 indicates
a) Pitch c) Diameter
b) Lead d) None of the mentioned
5. If nominal diameter of screw thread=50mm and pitch=10mm then the mean
diameter of the screw thread will be?
a) 40mm c) 60mm
b) 45mm d) 55mm
6. If the load itself begin to the screw and descend down, unless a restraining torque is
applied then the condition is termed as
a) Halting c) Front driving
b) Overhaulting d) None of the mentioned
7. Self-locking takes place when
a) Coefficient of friction is equal to or greater than the tangent of the helix angle
b) Coefficient of friction is lesser than or equal to the tangent of the helix angle
c) Coefficient of friction is equal to or greater than the tangent of the helix
angle
d) None of the mentioned
8. Efficiency of the screw _______ with increase of coefficient of friction.
a) decreases c) has no effect
b) increases d) cannot be determined
9. If friction angle is 30’ then the maximum efficiency of the screw is
a) 33% c) 50%
b) 66% d) Noe of the mentioned
10. Maximum possible efficiency of a self-locking screw is
a) 50% c) 66%
b) 75% d) 33%
11.In trapezoidal threads, f (coefficient of friction) can be taken as
a) f sec θ c) f sin θ
b) f cos θ d) f cosec θ

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 12.Screws used for power transmission should have
a) Very fine threads c) Low efficiency
b) High efficiency d) Strong teeth
13.When screw threads are to be used in a situation where power is being transmitted in
one direction only, then the screw threads suitable for this will be
a) Knuckle threads c) Acme threads
b) Square threads d) Buttress threads
14.The load cup of a screw jack is made separate from the head of the spindle to
a) Prevent the rotation of load being lifted
b) Enhance the load carrying capacity of the jack
c) Reduce the effort needed for lifting the working load
d) Reduce the value of frictional torque
15.A bolt ________
a) Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
b) Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to be
joined
c) Has both the ends threaded
d) Is provided with pointed threads
16.A stud _______
a) Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
b) Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to be
joined
c) Has both the ends threaded
d) Has pointed threads
17.A tap bolt _____
a) Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
b) Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to
be joined
c) Has both the ends threaded
d) Has pointed threads
18.Cap screws are _____
a) Similar to small size tap bolts except that a greater variety of shapes of heads
are available
b) Slotted for a screw driver and generally used with a nut
c) Used to prevent relative motion between parts

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 d) Provided with detachable caps
19.An alien bolt is ___________
a) Self-locking bolt
b) Same as stud
c) Provided with hexagonal depression in head
d) Used in high-speed components
20.Ball bearing type screws are found in following application
a) Screw jack c) Crane
b) Aeroplane engines d) Steering mechanism
21.Machine screws are ________
a) Similar to small size tap bolts except that a greater variety of shapes of heads are
available
b) Slotted for a screw driver and generally used with a nut
c) Used to prevent relative motion between two parts
d) Similar to stud
22.Rivets are generally specified by ___________
a) Thickness of plates to be riveted c) Diameter of head
b) Length of rivet d) Nominal diameter
23.Which of the following is a permanent fastening?
a) Bolts c) Cotters
b) Keys d) Rivets
24.Transverse fillet welded joints are designed for
a) Tensile strength c) Shear strength
b) Compressive strength d) Bending strength
25.Jam nut is a locking device in which
a) One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against
smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
b) A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
c) A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut
is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
d) Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole
in the bolt, and cotter spitted and bent in reverse direction at another end
26.The pitch of threads on a Jock nut in comparison to pitch of nut is
a) Same c) Finer
b) Coarser d) Very fine

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 27.Buttress threads are usually found on
a) Screw cutting lathes c) Spindles of bench vices
b) Feed mechanisms d) Railway carriage couplings
28.Eye bolts are used for
a) Foundation purposes
b) Absorbing shock and vibrations
c) Transmission of power
d) Lifting and transportation of machines and cubicles
29.If d is the normal diameter of a bolt in mm, then the initial tension in kg in a bolt
used for making a fluid tight joint as for steam engine cover joint is calculated by the
relation
a) 124 d c) 151 d
b) 138 d d) 168 d
30.If threads on a bolt are left hand, threads on nut will be
a) Right hand with same pitch c) Could be left or right hand
b) Left hand with same pitch d) Right hand with fine pitch
31.For tight leakage joints, following type of thread is best suited
a) Metric c) Square
b) Buttress d) NPT
32.A bolt of uniform strength can be developed by
a) Keeping the core diameter of threads equal to the diameter of unthreaded
portion of the bolt
b) Keeping the core diameter smaller than the diameter of the unthreaded portion
c) Keeping the nominal diameter of threads equal to the diameter of unthreaded
portion of the bolt
d) None of the above
33.A screw is said to be over hauling screw, if its efficiency is
a) More than 50% c) Equal to 50%
b) Less than 50% d) None of these
34.If shearing stress in nut is half the tensile stress in a bolt, then nut length should be
equal to
a) Diameter of bolt c) 1.25 × diameter of bolt
b) 0.75 × diameter of bolt d) 1.5 × diameter of bolt
35.The number of slots in a 25 mm castle nut is
a) 8 b) 4

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 c) 2 d) 6
36.The crest diameter of a screw thread is same as
a) Major diameter c) Pitch diameter
b) Minor diameter d) Core diameter
37.The following type of nut is used with alien bolt
a) Hexagonal nut c) Castle nut
b) Slotted nut d) Any one of the above
38.Set screws are
a) Similar to small size tap bolts except that a greater variety of shapes of heads are
available
b) Slotted for a screw driver and generally used with a nut
c) Used to prevent relative motion between parts
d) Similar to stud
39.A self-locking screw has
a) Fine threads
b) Course threads
c) Coefficient of friction is greater than tangent of load angle
d) Hole for inserting split pin
40.In order to obtain bolt of uniform strength
a) Increase shank diameter
b) Increase its length
c) Drill an axial hole through head up to threaded portion so that shank area is
equal to root area of thread
d) Tighten die bolt properly
41.Split nut is a locking device in which
a) One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller
one by loosening, creating friction jamming
b) A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening screw
c) A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut
is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
d) Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole
in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at the other end
42.When a nut is tightened by placing a washer below it, the bolt will be subjected to
following type of loads
a) Compression b) Tension

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 c) Shear d) Combined loads
43.When the screw in a mechanical screw jack rotates, the load kept on the top of it
moves
a) Axially upwards
b) Axially downwards
c) Axially upwards or downwards
d) None of these
44.A bolt of M 24 × 2 means that
a) The pitch of the thread is 24 mm and depth is 2 mm
b) Cross-sectional area of the threads is 24 mm²
c) The nominal diameter of bolt is 24 mm and pitch is 2 mm
d) The effective diameter of bolt is 24 mm and there are 2 threads per cm
45.The most important dimension in the design of a nut is
a) Pitch diameter c) Outside diameter
b) Inside diameter d) Height
46.The stress in the threaded part of the bolt will be __________ as compared to the
shank.
a) Same c) Lower
b) Higher d) None of these
47.Which of the following statement is correct?
a) The distance from a point on one thread to the corresponding point on the next
thread is called pitch
b) The distance which a screw thread advances axially in one rotation of the nut is
called lead
c) In single start threads, lead is equal to pitch
d) All of the above
48.The pitch diameter is the __________ diameter of an external or internal screw
thread.
a) Effective c) Largest
b) Smallest d) None of these
49.The efficiency of a square threaded screw is maximum if the helix angle is equal to
(Where φ = Angle of friction)
a) 90° - φ c) 45° - φ/2
b) 45° - φ d) 45° + φ/2
50.The process extensively used for making bolts and nuts is

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 a) Hot piercing c) Cold peening
b) Extrusion d) Cold heading
51.A double strap butt joint (with equal straps) is
a) Always in single shear
b) Always in double shear
c) Either in single shear or double shear
d) Any one of these
52.Which of the following screw thread is adopted for power transmission in either
direction?
a) Acme threads c) Buttress threads
b) Square threads d) Multiple threads
53.Depending upon the holding arrangement, power screws operate in how many
different arrangements.
a) 2 c) 4
b) 3 d) 5
54.Which type of joints is better when the product is subjected to large vibrations:
welded or threaded?
a) Welded
b) Threaded
c) Both have same results
d) Depends on the magnitude of the vibrational force
55.If a fastener is threaded into a tapped hole, then the fastener is likely to be called as
a) Screw c) Washer
b) Bolt d) Screw or bolt
56.Which of the following requires more space for the rotation of spanner?
a) Square Head
b) Hexagonal Head
c) Both require equal space of rotation
d) Cannot be stated
57.Find the torque required to raise the load of 15kN and mean diameter of triple
threaded screw being 46mm. Also given pitch=8mm and coefficient of friction is
0.15.
a) 11831.06N-mm c) 12811.06N-mm
b) 11813.06N-mm d) None of the listed

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 45 of 60

 58.For a double threaded screw, what will be the tangent of helix angle if nominal
diameter and pitch are 100mm and 12mm respectively?
a) 0.045 c) 0.094
b) 0.081 d) 0.023
59.If for a trapezoidal thread, angle of thread is 15’ then what will be the replacement of
the coefficient of friction which is 0.15.
a) 0.1553 c) 0.1667
b) 0.1335 d) 0.1776
60.What will be efficiency of the screw in case of raising the load when coefficient of
friction is 0.1553 and tangent of helix angle is 0.0813?
a) 34% c) 54%
b) 45% d) 43%
61.A machine vice whose length of the handle is 150mm and the coefficient of friction
for thread and collar are 0.15 and 0.17 respectively has a force applied at handle of
125N. Also the outer and inner diameters of collar are 55mm and 45mm
respectively. Find the screw torque in terms of clamping force W if nominal
diameter=22mm and pitch=5mm.
a) 3.567W N-mm c) 3.564W N-mm
b) 2.286W N-mm d) None of the mentioned
62.How many types of jacks are there which can be used in a screw jack?
a) 2 c) 4
b) 3 d) 5
63.Which of the following does not form the important part of the screw jack?
a) Frame c) Cup
b) Nut d) Coupling
64.The transverse shear stress at the root of the threads in the nut can be given by?
(symbols have their usual meaning, z=number of threads in nut)
a) 4W/πdz² c) 4W/πtd²
b) W/πdtz d) None of the mentioned
65.What type of friction in cup design is recommended for the set screw?
a) Sliding c) Static
b) Rolling d) None of the mentioned
66.What is the output from differential screws when pitch of the two screws is 12mm
and 8mm? Also the nut is rotated by applying a force of 120N at a radius of 300mm
and the two screws remain stationary. The torque of raising and lowering for the two

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 46 of 60

 screws is 5k N-mm and 2.5k N-mm where k is the effective axial weight on the
screw.
a) 13200 N-mm c) 19200 N-mm
b) 15200 N-mm d) 17200 N-mm
67.What is the efficiency of differential screws when pitch of the two screws is 12mm
and 8mm? The nut is rotated by applying a force of 120N at a radius of 300mm and
the two screws remain stationary. The torque of raising and lowering for the two
screws is 5k N-mm and 2.5k N-mm where k is the effective axial weight on the
screw.
a) 6.48% c) 23.1%
b) 8.48% d) 42.8%
68.If core diameter of bolt is 13.8cm the it’s nominal diameter is given by?
a) 17.27mm c) 14.67mm
b) 15.34mm d) 16.34mm
69.Refer to fig 1.Two plates are fastened by means of two bolts. The yield strength of
bolt is 400N/mm² and factor of safety is 4. Determine the permissible shear stress in
the bolts.

a) 100N/mm² c) 25N/mm²
b) 50N/mm² d) 75N/mm²
For questions 70-77.
The following data is given for bracket
P=20kN, e=100mm, S(yt)=400N/mm², FS=3

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 47 of 60

 70.Find the direct shear stress in bolts if diameter =18mm
a) 16.9N/mm² c) 78.6 N/mm²
b) 19.6 N/mm² d) 76.8 N/mm²
71.If distance between the bolts from the axis of tilting is 125mm and 25mm, then find
the effective tensile force acting on the bolts lying at 125mm from tilting axis.
a) 6765.2N c) 7692.3N
b) 8798.2N d) 7962.11N
72.If distance between the bolts from the axis of tilting is 125mm and 25mm, then find
the effective tensile force acting on the bolts lying at 25mm from tilting axis.
a) None of the listed c) 2345.2N
b) 7692.3N d) 1538.46N
73.Which bolt can be used as criteria for designing?
a) Left top bolt c) Left bottom bolt
b) Both top bolts d) Both bottom bolt
74.Find the principal shear stress in the top bolts in terms of area A?
a) None of the listed c) 6308.2/A
b) 5309.2/A d) 6980.4/A
75.Find the size of the bolt using maximum shear stress theory.
a) 11mm c) 13mm
b) 12mm d) 14mm
76.Find the size of the bolt using maximum principal stress theory.
a) None of the listed c) 15.3mm
b) 19.2mm d) 21.2mm
77.All welding processes require pressure along with heat.
a) Yes c) Can’t be stated
b) No, fusion doesn’t require d) None of the listed
78.If force act in a direction parallel to the direction of weld, then fillet weld is called
as?
a) Transverse c) Parallel
b) Longitudinal d) Longitudinal or Parallel
79.Relation between throat and leg for a parallel fillet weld is
a) t =h Cos (45’) c) h= t
b) h =t Cos (45’) d) None of the listed

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 48 of 60

 80.Referring to figure 1, determine the required length of the weld joining two steel
plates which are 10mm wide and 10mm thick. The permissible shear stress in the
weld is 80N/mm²

a) 18mm c) 16mm
b) 15mm d) 14mm
81.Find the total length of weld required to with stand the load of 100kN. Permissible
shear stress in weld is 70kN/mm².
a) None of the listed c) 202.06mm
b) 101.03mm d) 30309mm
82.If a circular shaft is welded to the plate by means of circumferential fillet, then the
shaft is subjected to torsional moment M. If throat of weld is t, then torsional shear
stress is given by
a) M/2πtr² c) M/4πtr²
b) M/πtr² d) None of the listed
83.A rivet is specified as a 20mm rivet. What does it mean?
a) None of the mentioned c) Head dia 20mm
b) Shank dia 20mm d) Both head and shank dia 20mm
84.Calculate the diameter of the rivets by shear considerations if permissible shear
stress in rivets is 60N/mm² and P=15kN.
a) 6mm c) 9mm
b) 7mm d) 8mm

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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Position in Question Paper Total Marks-12

Q.1. f) 2-Marks.
Q.3. c) 4-Marks.
Q.6. b) 6-Marks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Descriptive Question
1. Define following terms with respect to springs:
a) Free length c) Spring rate
b) Solid height d) Spring index
2. A helical valve spring is to be designed for an operating load range of approximately
135 N. The deflection of the spring for the load range is 7.5 mm. Assume spring
index of 10. Permissible shear stress for the material of the spring = 480 MPa and
its modulus of rigidity = 80 KN/mm2.Design the spring.
3. Take Wahle’s factor = (4C-1/4C-4)+(0.615/C) ‘C’ being the spring index. (4)
4. A helical spring is made from a wire of 8 mm diameter and has outside diameter 90
mm; if the permissible shear stress is 350 N/mm2 and modulus of rigidity 84
kN/mm2, find the axial load which the spring can carry and the deflection per active
turn. i) Neglecting the effect of curvature. ii) Considering the effect of curvature.(8)
5. A closed coil helical spring is used for front suspension of an automobile. The
spring has stiffness 90 N/mm with square and ground ends. The load on the spring
causes a total deflection of 8.5 mm. By taking permissible shear stress of material
as 450 MPa. Find : i) Spring wire diameter ii)Length of spring
6. Write the equation with Wahl’s factor, used for design of helical coil spring. State
the SI units of each term in the equation. (4)
7. A helical compression spring carries a load of 500 N with a deflection of 25 mm.
The spring index may be taken as 8. Assume permissible shear stress = 350 MPa.
Modulus of rigidity N = 84 kN/mm2, Wahl’s factor as (4C-1/4C-4)+(0.615/C)
where C is spring index. Find the no. of active turns of spring.
8. Design a close coiled helical compression spring for service load ranging from2250
N to 2750 N, the axial deflection of the spring of the load range is 6 mm. Assume
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 50 of 60
 a spring index of 5. The permissible shear stress intensity is 420 N/mm2 and
modulus of rigidity, G = 84 kN/mm2. Take design stress 25% of permissible stress
for severe condition and intermittent operation. (8)
9. List the desirable properties of spring Material
10. A closed coil helical spring is used for front suspension of an automobile. The
spring has stiffness 90 N/mm with square and ground ends. The load on the spring
causes a total deflection of 8.5 mm. By taking permissible shear stress of material
as 450 MPa. Find i) Spring wire diameter ii) Length of spring. Assume spring index
= 6 and G = 80 × 103 N/mm2
11.Classify springs.
12.State any four applications of spring.
13.Design helical compression spring for - maximum load of 1000N for deflection of
25 mm using value of spring index as 5. The maximum permissible shear stress for
spring wire is 420 MPa and modulus of rigidity is 84 kN/mm2
4𝑐−1 0.615
Take Wahl’s factor, 𝐾 = + , Where c = spring index.
4𝑐−4 𝑐

MCQ Question
(Total number of Question=Marks*3=12*3=36)
Note: Correct answer is marked with bold

1. Which of the following function can the spring perform?

a) Store energy c) Measure force
b) Absorb shock d) All of the mentioned
2. The helix angle is very small about 2⁰. The spring is open coiled spring.
a) Yes c) That small angle isn’t possible
b) It is closed coiled spring d) None of the listed
3. The longest leaf in a leaf spring is called centre leaf.
a) It is called middle leaf c) Yes
b) It is called master leaf d) None of the listed
4. If spring index=2.5, what can be concluded about stresses in the wire?
a) They are high c) They are moderate
b) They are negligible d) Cannot be determined
5. If the spring is compressed completely and the adjacent coils touch each other, the
length of spring is called as?
a) Solid length b) Compressed length
Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 51 of 60
 c) Free length d) None of the mentioned
6. If number of coils are 8 and wire diameter of spring 3mm, then solid length is given
by?
a) None of the listed c) 24mm
b) 27mm d) 21mm
7. Pitch of coil is defined as axial distance in compressed state of the coil.
a) Yes
b) It is measured in uncompressed state
c) It is same in uncompressed or compressed state
d) None of the listed
8. If uncompressed length of spring is 40mm and number of coils 10mm, then pitch of
coil is?
a) 4 c) 40/11
b) 40/9 d) None of the mentioned
9. Active and inactive, both types of coils support the load although both don’t
participate in spring action.
a) Active coils don’t support the load
b) Inactive coils don’t support the load
c) Both active and inactive don’t support the load
d) Both active and inactive support the load
10.If a spring has plain ends then number of inactive coils is?
a) 1 c) 3
b) 2 d) 0
11.The angle of twist for the equivalent bar to a spring is given by? (Symbols have their
usual meaning)
a) 8PD²N/Gd⁴ c) 16PDN/Gdᵌ
b) 16PD²N/Gd⁴ d) 8PDN/Gdᵌ
12.The axial deflection of spring for the small angle of θ is given by?
a) 328PDᵌN/Gd⁴ c) 16PDᵌN/Gd⁴
b) 8PDᵌN/Gd⁴ d) 8PD²N/Gdᵌ
13.Find the Wahl’s factor if spring index is 6.
a) 1.2020 c) 1.2525
b) 1.2424 d) 1.5252
14.Find the shear stress in the spring wire used to design a helical compression sprig if
a load of 1200N is applied on the spring. Spring index is 6, and wire diameter 7mm.

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 a) 452.2N/mm² c) 512.2N/mm²
b) 468.6N/mm² d) None of the listed
15.Find the mean coil diameter of a helical compression sprig if a load of 1200N is
applied on the spring. Spring index is 6, and wire diameter 7mm.
a) 7/6mm c) 1200×6/7 mm
b) 42mm d) None of the listed
16.Find total number coils in a spring having square and ground ends. Deflection in the
spring is 6mm when load of 1100N is applied. Modulus of rigidity is 81370N/mm².
Wire diameter and pitch circle diameter are 10mm and 50mm respectively.
a) 7 c) 5
b) 6 d) 4
17.Railway wagon moving with a speed of 1.5m/s is brought to rest by bumper
consisting of two springs. Mass of wagon is 100kg. The springs are compressed by
125mm. Calculate the maximum force acting on each spring.
a) 1200N c) 1800N
b) 1500N d) 2000N
18.If the spring have same solid length and number of coils in the two springs are 8 and
10, then find the diameter of the spring with 8 coils. It is given diameter of spring
with 10 coils is 12mm.
a) 9.6mm c) 12mm
b) 9mm d) 15mm
19.Two spring having stiffness constants of 22N/mm and 25N/mm are connected in
parallel. They are to be replaced by a single spring to have same effect. The stiffness
of that spring will be?
a) None of the mentioned. c) 47N/mm
b) 3N/mm d) 11.7N/mm
20.What will happen if stresses induced due to surge in the spring exceeds the
endurance limit stress of the spring.
a) Fatigue Failure c) None of the listed
b) Fracture d) Nipping
21.For a helical torsion sprig, the stress concentration factor at inner fibre is? Give
spring index=5.
a) 1.005 c) 1.223
b) 1.175 d) 1.545

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 22.For a helical torsion sprig, the stress concentration factor at outer fibre is? Give
spring index=5.
a. 0.78 c) 1.87
b) 0.87 d) 0.69
23.Spiral spring is quite rigid.
a) Yes c) It is of moderate rigidity
b) No it is flexible d) Rigidity can’t be determined
24.Calculate the bending stress induced in the strip of the helical spring. The spring is
subjected to a moment of 1250N-mm with breadth and thickens of the strip being
11mm and 1.5mmm respectively.
a) 508.8N/mm² c) 606.1N/mm²
b) 612.2N/mm² d) 564.3N/mm²
25.A leaf spring consists of 3 extra full length leaves and 14 graduated length leaves.
The maximum force that can act on the spring is 70kN and the distance between
eyes of the spring is 1.2m. Width and thickness of the leaves are 100mm and 12mm
respectively. If modulus of elasticity is 207000N/mm², calculate the initial nip.
a) 26.8mm c) 22.5mm
b) 24.9mm d) 23.1mm
26.A leaf spring consists of 3 extra full length leaves and 14 graduated length leaves.
The maximum force that can act on the spring is 70kN and the distance between
eyes of the spring is 1.2m. Width and thickness of the leaves are 100mm and 12mm
respectively. Calculate the initial pre load required to close the nip.
a) 4332.2N c) 4985.4N
b) 4674.1N d) Can’t be determined
27.Belleville spring can only produce linear load deflection characteristics.
a) Only linear c) Non-linear
b) Linear as well as non linear d) None of the mentioned
28.When two Belleville sprigs are arranged in series, half deflection is obtained for
same force.
a) One fourth deflection c) Four time deflection
b) Double deflection d) None of the listed
29.When two Belleville springs are in parallel, half force is obtained for a given
deflection.
a) Half force c) Same force
b) Double force d) Can’t be determined

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 30.The strain energy stored in a spiral spring is given by?
a) 12M²L/Ebtᵌ c) 8M²L/Ebtᵌ
b) 6M²L/Ebtᵌ d) None of the listed
31.Free length for helical compression springs having square ends is given as
________.
a) pn + 2d c) 2(p + d)
b) pn + 3d d) pn + 4d
32.In which condition the axial distance between two adjacent coils is called as pitch?
a) Compressed condition c) Both a. and b.
b) Uncompressed condition d) None of the above
33.Solid length for helical compression springs having square and ground ends is given
as _________.
a) (n + 2)d c) (n + 1)d
b) (n + 3)d d) None of the above
34.In spring balances, the spring is used
a) To apply forces c) To store strain energy
b) To absorb shocks d) To measure forces
35.The most important property for the spring material is
a) High elastic limit c) Resistance to fatigue and shock
b) High deflection value d) All of these
36.The springs in brakes and clutches are used
a) To apply forces c) To absorb shocks
b) To measure forces d) To absorb strain energy
37.In a watch, the spring is used to store energy. The energy is released
a) To stop the watch c) To change the time
b) To run the watch d) All of these
38.A spring used to absorb shocks and vibrations is
a) Close-coil helical spring c) Spiral spring
b) Open coiled helical spring d) Leaf spring
39.The spring used in mechanical toys is
a) Leaf spring c) Helical spring
b) Spiral spring d) All of these
40.The laminated springs are given initial curvature
a) To have uniform strength
b) To make it more economical

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 c) So that plates may become flat, when subjected to design load
d) None of these
41.When a close-coiled helical spring is subjected to an axial load, it is said to be under.
a) Bending c) Torsion
b) Shear d) Crushing
42.The close-coiled helical springs ‘A’ and ‘B’ are of same material, same coil dia.,
same wire diameter and subjected to same load. If thenumber of turns of spring ‘A’
is half that of spring ‘B’, the ratio of deflection of spring ‘A’ to spring ‘B’ is
a) 1/2 c) 1
b) 2 d) 4

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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Position in Question Paper Total Marks-08

Q.1. g) 2-Marks.
Q.5. c) 6-Marks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Descriptive Question
1. What are rolling contact bearings? State their advantages over sliding
contact bearings. (4)
2. i) Define following terms as applied to rolling contact bearings:
a) Basic static load rating
b) Basic dynamic load rating
c) Limiting speed
ii) List important physical characteristics of good bearing material. (8)
3. Differentiate between rolling contact and sliding contact bearing on the basis of:
a) Size c) Coefficient of friction
b) Life d) Resistance to shock (4)
4. Write Lewis equation for the strength of gear tooth. Give the meaning of
each term. (4)
5. Explain the following modes of failure of gear tooth:
a) Pitting c) Abrasive wear (6)
b) Scoring
6. Write down the procedure for selection of bearing from manufacturer’s catalogue.
(4)
7. Explain gear tooth failures (i) Scoring (ii) Pitting (4)
8. State any six design considerations while designing the spur gear. (4)
9. Explain the principle of working of hydrodynamic formal bearing with a
neat sketch. (4)
10.Give classification of bearings. (4)
11.Write the design steps involved in selection of bearing from manufacturer’s
catalogue. (4)
12.Name any four manufacturers of Bearing
13.Write down the procedure for selection of bearing from manufacturer’s catalogue
with suitable example
14.Give four applications of gear drive

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MCQ Question
(Total number of Question=Marks*3=08*3=24)
Note: Correct answer is marked with bold

1. Which of the following are functions of bearings?

a) Ensure free rotation of shaft with minimum friction
b) Holding shaft in a correct position
c) Transmit the force of the shaft to the frame
d) All of the listed
2. A_______ bearing supports the load acting along the axis of the shaft.
a) Thrust c) Longitudinal
b) Radial d) Transversal
3. In gear boxes and small size motors, rolling contact bearings are used.
a) True b) False
4. Deep groove ball bearings creates a lot of noise.
a) Yes
b) They create very less noise
c) Depends on the application
d) No reference frame for comparison is mentioned
5. There is problem of alignment in deep groove ball bearings.
a) Yes
b) No, it is self-aligning
c) It aligns itself only in some particular cases
d) Can’t be determined
6. In angular contact bearings, ____ bearings are required to take thrust load in both
directions.
a) 1 c) 2
b) 4 d) 3
7. The angular play bearing must be mounted without axial play.
a) Yes c) Little tolerance is necessary
b) Little tolerance is adjusted d) Can’t be stated
8. Taper rolling supports
a) Axial loads b) Thrust loads

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 c) Both axial and thrust loads d) None of the mentioned
9. Which of the following isn’t the property of taper roller?
a) High rigidity
b) Easy dismantling
c) Take low radial and heavy loads
d) All are the properties of tapper roller
10.Which of the following cannot take radial load?
a) Cylindrical Roller bearing c) Thrust ball bearing
b) Taper roller bearing d) None of the listed
11.Which of the following cannot tolerate misalignment?
a) Angular contact bearing c) Thrust ball bearings
b) Cylinder roller bearing d) All of the listed
12.Deep groove ball bearing has immense rigidity.
a) True
b) No it has point contact and hence low rigidity
c) It has surface contact
d) It has line contact
13.When the bearing is subjected to large fluctuations of load and heavy impacts, the
bearing characteristic number should be _________ the bearing modulus.
a) 10 times c) 15 times
b) 5 times d) 20 times
14.Which of the following can be used for power transmission in intersecting shafts.
a) Spur Gear c) Bevel Gear
b) Helical Gear d) None of the listed
15.Which of the following is not true about gears?
a) Positive drive c) Transmit large power
b) Constant velocity ratio d) Bulky construction
16.Bevel gears impose ____ loads on the shafts.
a) Radial and thrust c) Thrust
b) Radial d) Neither radial nor thrust
17.Spur gears used for machine tool gearboxes must have the contact ratio
a) Equal to 1 c) More than 1.4
b) Less than 1 d) Equal to 2
18.In case of spur gears, Lewis form factor depends upon
a) Module b) Number of teeth

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 c) Pressure angle d) Both (B) and (C)
19.In Lewis equation, gear tooth is considered as
a) Simply supported beam c) Curved beam
b) Cantilever beam d) None of the above
20.Buckingham’s equation of gear tooth is based on
a) Maximum crushing stress in gear tooth
b) Maximum bending stress in gear tooth
c) Maximum shear stress in gear tooth
d) Maximum contact stress in gear tooth
21.Maximum efficiency of a pair of spur gears is
a) 99 % c) 50 %
b) 80 % d) 92 %
22.In case of spur gears, increasing pressure angle results in
a) Wider base & stronger teeth c) Bigger size of gear
b) Weaker teeth d) Higher pitch line velocity
23.If two springs are in parallel then their overall stiffness will be
a) Half c) Double
b) Same d) None of the above
24.Antifriction bearings are
a) Sleeve bearings c) Thin lubricated bearings
b) Hydrodynamic bearings d) None of the above
25.The rated life of a bearing varies
a) Inversely as fourth power of load c) Inversely as square of load
b) Inversely as cube of load d) Directly as load

Prepared By: Prof. M.S.Gaidhani (Department of Mechanical Engineering) Page 60 of 60