ABHISHEK KUMAR

ABHI
SHEKKUMAR
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have taken efforts in this project.However,it would not havebeen possible

without the kind support and help of many individuals.I would like to
extend my sincere thanks to all of them.

I express my deepest gratitude to our respected Prof.Shiv Prakash Singh

(HOD) and Prof.Abhishek Kumar for encouragingstudents and providing
us with an environment to complete myproject successfully.His constant
guidance and willingness to share his vast knowledge made us understand
this project and it’s manifestations in great depth ad helped us to complete
the assigned tasks on time.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents for their kind

cooperation and encouragement which help me incompletion of this project

My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleagues in

developing the project and people who have willingly helpedme out with
their abilities.
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED WORK

3. METHODOLOGY

4. WORKING PRINCIPLE

5. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

6. ADVANTAGES, APPLICATION & FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

7. CONCLUSION

8. REFERENCES
 Chapter 1
Introduction

Dustbins (or Garbage bins, Trash Cans, whatever you call them) are small plastic (or metal)
containers that are used to store trash (or waste) on a temporary basis. They are often used in
homes, offices, streets, parks etc. to collect the waste. In some places, littering is a serious
offence and hence public waste containers are the only way to dispose small waste. The smart
dustbin is a carefully designed solution that solves the social issue of waste disposal; the
smart dustbin identifies the kind of material being thrown inside it and segregates it into bio
or non-biodegradable.

With growing concerns over waste management and hygiene, the need for innovative
solutions in garbage disposal is increasing. The Automatic Object Sensing Smart Dustbin
addresses this issue by incorporating automation to enhance efficiency and cleanliness in
waste disposal. This project combines object sensing technology and automatic lid
mechanisms to reduce human contact, making it hygienic and user-friendly. Studies show
that traditional waste disposal methods can lead to contamination and inconvenience. Smart
dustbins integrated with object sensing technology have proven to reduce touch points and
enhance user experience. Various sensors like ultrasonic, infrared, and proximity sensors are
widely used for object detection in smart systems.

We are going to build a smart dustbin using Arduino Uno and an ultrasonic Sensor.
 Chapter 2
Objectives of the proposed work

 To design a smart dustbin that automatically opens its lid when an object is detected
near its sensor.
 To promote hygiene by minimizing contact with the dustbin.
 To improve waste management in households, offices, and public spaces.
 To conserve power by enabling the dustbin to operate only when necessary
 To get familiar with the Arduino and the respective sensors how to use them for a
cause.
 To analysis the dustbin program and set it up according to the physical distance for
best Working.
 Chapter 3
Methodology
The smart dustbin operates using a sensor-based mechanism to detect objects and
trigger an automated lid-opening system. Arduino is an open-source platform used for
building electronics projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable
circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE
(Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and
upload computer code to the physical board.

The system comprises:

 Microcontroller: The brain of the system, controlling the sensor and motor
operations.
 Ultrasonic Sensor: To detect objects in proximity to the dustbin.
 Servo Motor: To operate the dustbin lid.
 Power Supply: Provides energy to the system.
 LED Indicators (Optional): For user feedback, such as "Bin Full" or "Ready to
Use."

Components Used

1. Microcontroller: Arduino Uno

2. Sensor: Ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04)
3. Motor: Servo motor (SG90 or MG996R)
4. Power Supply: 9V battery or USB-powered
5. Chassis: Dustbin structure (plastic or metallic)
6. Miscellaneous: Connecting wires, breadboard, and mounting hardware.
 Chapter 4
Working Principle

1. The ultrasonic sensor continuously emits sound waves.

2. When an object approaches the sensor, the waves reflect back, and the sensor
calculates the distance.
3. If the distance is below a predefined threshold (e.g., 20 cm), the microcontroller sends
a signal to the servo motor.
4. The servo motor rotates, opening the lid of the dustbin.
5. After a set duration (e.g., 5 seconds), the microcontroller instructs the servo motor to
close the lid.

Circuit Diagram

The circuit connects the ultrasonic sensor and servo motor to the Arduino microcontroller.
The power supply ensures continuous operation.

BLOCK DIAGRAM
 Chapter 5
Software Implementation

The system is programmed using the Arduino IDE. Below is a simplified version of the code:

#include <Servo.h>

Servo servo;

const int trigPin = 9;

const int echoPin = 10;

long duration;

int distance;

void setup() {

servo.attach(3);

pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);

servo.write(0); // Lid closed

Serial.begin(9600);

void loop() {

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

delayMicroseconds(2);

digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;

 if (distance < 20) { // Object detected within 20 cm

servo.write(90); // Open lid

delay(5000); // Keep open for 5 seconds

servo.write(0); // Close lid

}
 CHAPTER 6

6. Advantages, Applications & Future Enhancements

 Promotes hygiene by eliminating physical contact.

 Reduces the risk of germ transfer.
 Efficient and responsive waste disposal system.
 Can be implemented in various environments

Applications

 Households for daily waste management.

 Public spaces like parks and malls.
 Offices and workplaces to maintain cleanliness.
 Hospitals to reduce contamination risks.

Future Enhancements

 Integration with IoT for monitoring waste levels remotely.

 Adding solar panels for sustainable energy usage.
 Voice commands for accessibility.
 Smart segregation for automatic sorting of recyclable and non-recyclable waste.
 CHAPTER 7

7. Conclusion

The Automatic Object Sensing Smart Dustbin is a practical and efficient solution to modern
waste management challenges. By automating the dustbin's operation, this project promotes
hygiene, reduces contamination risks, and enhances convenience. It is a step toward smarter,
cleaner, and more sustainable environments.
 CHAPTER 8

8. References

1. Arduino Documentation - https://www.arduino.cc

2. HC-SR04 Datasheet
3. Servo Motor Specifications
4. Research papers on automation in waste management systems.