24-25 GP1 Exam Preparation [449 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 18] SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.11

(a) Express −3 + √3i in the form re , where r iθ
> 0 and
−π < θ ⩽ π . [5]

Let the roots of the equation z 3

= −3 + √ 3i be u, v and w.

(b) Find u, v and w expressing your answers in the form re , iθ

where r > 0 and −π < θ ⩽ π. [5]

On an Argand diagram, u, v and w are represented by the points U, V and W

respectively.

(c) Find the area of triangle UVW. [4]

(d) By considering the sum of the roots u, v and w, show that

cos
5π

18
+ cos
7π

18
+ cos
17π

18
= 0 . [4]

2. [Maximum mark: 20] EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.12

(a) Use the binomial theorem to expand (cos θ + i sin θ) . Give
4

your answer in the form a + bi where a and b are expressed in

terms of sin θ and cos θ. [3]

(b) Use de Moivre’s theorem and the result from part (a) to show
4 2

that cot 4θ =
cot

4 cot
θ−6 cot
3
θ−4 cot θ
θ+1
. [5]

(c) Use the identity from part (b) to show that the quadratic
π π
equation x 2
− 6x + 1 = 0 has roots cot 2
8
and cot 2 3
8
. [5]

(d) π
Hence find the exact value of cot 2 3
8
. [4]
 (e) Deduce a quadratic equation with integer coefficients, having
π π
roots cosec and cosec . [3]
2 2 3

8 8

3. [Maximum mark: 20] 24M.1.AHL.TZ1.12

Consider Φ , where a, .
3
= (a + bi) b ∈ R

(a) In terms of a and b, find

(a.i) the real part of Φ; [2]

(a.ii) the imaginary part of Φ. [1]

(b) 3

Hence, or otherwise, show that (1 + √3i) = −8 . [2]

The roots of the equation z 3

= −8 are u, v and w, where u = 1 + √ 3i and
v ∈ R .

(c) Write down v and w, giving your answers in Cartesian form. [2]

On an Argand diagram, u, v and w are represented by the points U, V and W

respectively.

(d) Find the area of the triangle UVW. [3]

Each of the points U, V and W is rotated counter-clockwise (anticlockwise)

π
about 0 through an angle of 4
to form three new points U′, V′ and W′. These
points represent the complex numbers u′, v′ and w′ respectively.

(e) Find u′, v′ and w′, giving your answers in the form re , where iθ

−π < θ ≤ π. [4]

(f ) Given that u′, v′ and w′ are the solutions of z = 3

c + di , where
c, d ∈ R, find the value of c and the value of d. [3]
 It is given that u, v, w, u′, v′ and w′ are all solutions of z n
= α for some α ∈ C ,
where n ∈ N.

(g) Find the smallest positive value of n. [3]

4. [Maximum mark: 7] 24M.1.AHL.TZ2.7

A function g(x) is defined by g(x) = 2x
3
− 7x
2
+ dx − e , where d, e ∈ R.

α, β and γ are the three roots of the equation g(x) = 0 where α, β, γ ∈ R .

(a) Write down the value of α + β + γ. [1]

A function h(z) is defined by h(z) = 2z

5
− 11z
4
+ rz
3
+ sz
2
+ tz − 20 ,
where r, s, t ∈ R.

α, β and γ are also roots of the equation h(z) = 0 .

It is given that h(z) = 0 is satisfied by the complex number z = p + 3i .

(b) Show that p = 1 . [3]

It is now given that h( 1

2
) = 0 , and α, β ∈ Z
+
, α < β and γ ∈ Q .

(c.i) Find the value of the product αβ. [2]

(c.ii) Write down the value of α and the value of β. [1]

5. [Maximum mark: 5] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.7

It is given that z = 5 + qi satisfies the equation z 2
+ iz = −p + 25i ,
where p, q ∈ R.

Find the value of p and the value of q. [5]

6. [Maximum mark: 17] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.12
(a) Find the binomial expansion of (cos θ + i sin θ) . Give your
5

answer in the form a + bi where a and b are expressed in terms

of sin θ and cos θ. [4]

(b) By using De Moivre’s theorem and your answer to part (a), show
that sin 5 θ ≡ 16 sin
5
θ − 20 sin
3
θ + 5 sin θ . [6]

π π
(c.i) Hence, show that θ = and θ =
3
are solutions of the
5 5

equation 16 sin 4
θ − 20 sin
2
θ + 5 = 0 . [3]

(c.ii) Hence. show that sin

π 3π 5

5
sin
5
= √
4 [4]

7. [Maximum mark: 5] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.7

It is given that z = 5 + qi satisfies the equation z 2
+ iz = −p + 25i ,
where p, q ∈ R.

Find the value of p and the value of q. [5]

8. [Maximum mark: 17] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.12

(a) Find the binomial expansion of (cos θ + i sin θ) . Give your
5

answer in the form a + bi where a and b are expressed in terms

of sin θ and cos θ. [4]

(b) By using De Moivre’s theorem and your answer to part (a), show
that sin 5 θ ≡ 16 sin
5
θ − 20 sin
3
θ + 5 sin θ . [6]

π π
(c.i) Hence, show that θ = and θ = 5
are solutions of the
3

equation 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 = 0.

4 2
[3]

(c.ii) Hence. show that sin

π 3π 5
5
sin
5
= √
4 [4]
9. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.AHL.TZ1.7
Consider P (z) = 4m − mz +
36

m
z
2
− z
3
, where z ∈ C and
m ∈ R .
+

Given that z − 3i is a factor of P (z), find the roots of P (z) = 0 . [6]

10. [Maximum mark: 22] 23M.1.AHL.TZ2.11

Consider the complex number u = −1 + √ 3i .

(a) By finding the modulus and argument of u, show that

[3]
2π

u = 2e
i
3
.

(b.i) Find the smallest positive integer n such that u is a real n

number. [3]

(b.ii) Find the value of u when n takes the value found in part (b)(i).
n
[2]

(c) Consider the equation z 3

+ 5z
2
+ 10z + 12 = 0 , where
z ∈ C.

(c.i) Given that u is a root of z 3

+ 5z
2
+ 10z + 12 = 0 , find the
other roots. [5]

(c.ii) By using a suitable transformation from z to w, or otherwise,

find the roots of the equation 1 + 5w + 10w + 12w = 0, 2 3

where w ∈ C. [4]

(d) Consider the equation z 2

= 2z
*
, where z ∈ C z ≠ 0, .

By expressing z in the form a + bi, find the roots of the

equation. [5]

11. [Maximum mark: 18] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.12

 Let z be the complex number defined as z
n n = (n
2
+ n + 1) + i for n .
∈ N

(a.i) Find arg(z ).

0 [2]

(a.ii) Write down an expression for arg(z n) in terms of n. [1]

Let w n = z 0 z 1 z 2 z 3 … z n−1 z n for n ∈ N .

(b.i) Show that arctan (a) + arctan (b) = arctan (

a+b

1−ab
) for
a, b ∈ R
+
, ab < 1 . [2]

(b.ii) Hence or otherwise, show that arg(w 1) = arctan (2) . [3]

(c) Prove by mathematical induction that

arg(w ) = arctan(n + 1) for n ∈ N.
n [10]

12. [Maximum mark: 7] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.5

Consider the equation z 4
+ pz
3
+ 54z
2
− 108z + 80 = 0 where z ∈ C and

p ∈ R.

Three of the roots of the equation are 3 + i, α and α , where α

2
∈ R .

(a) By considering the product of all the roots of the equation, find
the value of α. [4]

(b) Find the value of p. [3]

13. [Maximum mark: 18] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.12

Let z be the complex number defined as z
n n = (n
2
+ n + 1) + i for n ∈ N.

(a.i) Find arg(z ).

0 [2]

(a.ii) Write down an expression for arg(z n) in terms of n. [1]

 Let w n = z 0 z 1 z 2 z 3 … z n−1 z n for n ∈ N .

(b.i) Show that arctan (a) + arctan (b) = arctan (

a+b

1−ab
) for
a, b ∈ R , ab < 1. [2]
+

(b.ii) Hence or otherwise, show that arg(w 1) = arctan (2) . [3]

(c) Prove by mathematical induction that

arg(w ) = arctan(n + 1) for n ∈ N.
n [10]

14. [Maximum mark: 7] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.5

Consider the equation z 4
+ pz
3
+ 54z
2
− 108z + 80 = 0 where z ∈ C and

p ∈ R.

Three of the roots of the equation are 3 + i, α and α , where α

2
∈ R .

(a) By considering the product of all the roots of the equation, find
the value of α. [4]

(b) Find the value of p. [3]

15. [Maximum mark: 6] 22M.1.AHL.TZ1.9

Consider the complex numbers z 1 = 1 + bi and z 2 = (1 − b
2
) − 2bi, where

b ∈ R, b ≠ 0.

(a) Find an expression for z 1 z2 in terms of b. [3]

(b) π
Hence, given that arg(z 1 z2 ) =
4
, find the value of b. [3]

16. [Maximum mark: 18] 22M.1.AHL.TZ2.12

In the following Argand diagram, the points Z , O and Z are the vertices of 1 2

triangle Z OZ described anticlockwise.

1 2

The point Z represents the complex number z

1 1 = r1 e
iα
, where r 1 > 0 . The
point Z represents the complex number z
2 2 = r2 e
iθ
, where r 2 > 0 .

Angles α, θ are measured anticlockwise from the positive direction of the real
axis such that 0 ≤ α, θ < 2π and 0 < α − θ < π.

(a) Show that z 1 z2

∗
= r1 r2 e
i(α−θ)
where z 2
∗
is the complex
conjugate of z . 2 [2]

(b) Given that Re(z 1 z2

∗
) = 0 , show that Z 1 OZ 2 is a right-angled
triangle. [2]

In parts (c), (d) and (e), consider the case where Z 1 OZ 2 is an equilateral triangle.

(c.i) Express z in terms of z .

1 2 [2]

(c.ii) Hence show that z 1

2
+ z2
2
= z1 z2 . [4]

Let z and z be the distinct roots of the equation z

1 2
2
+ az + b = 0 where
z ∈ C and a, b ∈ R.

(d) Use the result from part (c)(ii) to show that a 2

− 3b = 0 . [5]
 (e) Consider the equation z 2
+ az + 12 = 0 , where z ∈ C and
a ∈ R.

Given that 0 < α − θ < π, deduce that only one equilateral

triangle Z OZ can be formed from the point O and the roots
1 2

of this equation. [3]

17. [Maximum mark: 22] 21N.1.AHL.TZ0.12

Consider the equation (z − 1) . The roots of this equation are ω ,
3
= i, z ∈ C 1

ω2 and ω , where Im(ω

3 2) > 0 and Im(ω 3) < 0 .

π
(a.i) Verify that ω 1 = 1 + e
i
6
is a root of this equation. [2]

(a.ii) Find ω and ω , expressing these in the form a + e , where

2 3
iθ

a ∈ R and θ > 0. [4]

The roots ω , ω and ω are represented by the points A, B and C respectively

1 2 3

on an Argand diagram.

(b) Plot the points A, B and C on an Argand diagram. [4]

(c) Find AC. [3]

Consider the equation (z − 1) .

3 3
= iz , z ∈ C

(d) By using de Moivre’s theorem, show that α =

1
π is a root of
i
1−e 6

this equation. [3]

(e) Determine the value of Re(α). [6]

18. [Maximum mark: 8] 21M.1.AHL.TZ1.7

 Consider the quartic equation
z
4
+ 4z
3
+ 8z
2
+ 80z + 400 = 0, z ∈ C .

Two of the roots of this equation are a + bi and b + ai, where

a, b ∈ Z.

Find the possible values of a. [8]

19. [Maximum mark: 5] 20N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_4

Consider the equation 2z

3−z*
= i , where z = x + iy and x, y ∈ R .

Find the value of x and the value of y. [5]

20. [Maximum mark: 7] 19N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_5

Consider the equation z 4
= −4 , where z ∈ C .

(a) Solve the equation, giving the solutions in the form a + ib,
where a, b ∈ R. [5]

(b) The solutions form the vertices of a polygon in the complex

plane. Find the area of the polygon. [2]

21. [Maximum mark: 7] 18N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_8

Consider the equation z 4
+ az
3
+ bz
2
+ cz + d = 0 , where a, b, c,
d ∈ R and z ∈ C.

Two of the roots of the equation are log26 and i√3 and the sum of all
the roots is 3 + log23.

Show that 6a + d + 12 = 0. [7]

22. [Maximum mark: 16] 18N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_11
(a) Find the roots of z 24
= 1 which satisfy the condition
0 < arg (z) <
π

2
, expressing your answers in the form re iθ

, where r, θ ∈ R
+
. [5]

Let S be the sum of the roots found in part (a).

(b.i) Show that Re S = Im S. [4]

(b.ii) By writing π

12
as ( π

4
−
π

6
) , find the value of cos π

12
in the form
√a+√ b

c
, where a, b and c are integers to be determined. [3]

(b.iii) Hence, or otherwise, show that S =

1

2
(1 + √ 2) (1 + √ 3) (1 + i) . [4]

23. [Maximum mark: 14] 18M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_11

Consider w = 2 (cos π

3
+ i sin
π

3
)

(a.i) Express w2 and w3 in modulus-argument form. [3]

(a.ii) Sketch on an Argand diagram the points represented by w0 , w1 ,

w2 and w3. [2]

These four points form the vertices of a quadrilateral, Q.

(b) Show that the area of the quadrilateral Q is 21√ 3

. [3]
2

(c) Let z = 2 (cos + i sin ),

π

n
π

n
n ∈ Z
+
. The points represented
on an Argand diagram by z , 0 1
z , z
2
, … , z form the
n

vertices of a polygon P . n

Show that the area of the polygon P can be expressed in the n

form a (b − 1)sin , where a, b ∈ R.

n π

n
[6]
24. [Maximum mark: 7] SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.8
The complex numbers w and z satisfy the equations

w
= 2i
z

z
∗
− 3w = 5 + 5i .

Find w and z in the form a + bi where a, b ∈ Z . [7]

25. [Maximum mark: 10] 24M.2.AHL.TZ2.8

π π
Let z = 1 + cos 2θ + i sin 2θ , where − 2
< θ <
2
.

(a) Show that

(a.i) arg z = θ ; [3]

(a.ii) |z| = 2 cos θ . [4]

(b) Hence or otherwise, find the value of θ such that

2
arg (z ) = z . 3
[3]

26. [Maximum mark: 7] 21M.2.AHL.TZ1.8

π π
Consider the complex numbers z = 2(cos
5
+ i sin
5
) and
π π
, where k .
2k 2k +
w = 8(cos − i sin ) ∈ Z
5 5

(a) Find the modulus of zw. [1]

(b) Find the argument of zw in terms of k. [2]

Suppose that zw ∈ Z .
 (c.i) Find the minimum value of k. [3]

(c.ii) For the value of k found in part (i), find the value of zw. [1]

27. [Maximum mark: 5] 21M.2.AHL.TZ2.8

Consider z = cos θ + i sin θ where z ∈ C, z ≠ 1 .

Show that Re( 1+z

1−z
) = 0 . [5]

28. [Maximum mark: 6] 20N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_4

9
Find the term independent of x in the expansion of 1

x3
(
1

3x 2
−
x

2
) . [6]

29. [Maximum mark: 7] 20N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_7

At a gathering of 12 teachers, seven are male and five are female. A group of five
of these teachers go out for a meal together. Determine the possible number of
groups in each of the following situations:

(a) There are more males than females in the group. [4]

(b) Two of the teachers, Gary and Gerwyn, refuse to go out for a
meal together. [3]

30. [Maximum mark: 6] 19N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_5

Consider the expansion of (2 + x) , where n
n
⩾ 3 and n ∈ Z .

The coefficient of x is four times the coefficient of x . Find the value

3 2

of n. [6]
31.

32.

33.
(a)

(b)

(c.i)

(c.ii)

(c.iii)
a.
⎩

E (X)

⎪
[Maximum mark: 6]
Let P (z) = az − 37z

[Maximum mark: 19]

.
3

One of the roots of P

the median of X.

[Maximum mark: 8]
2

(z) = 0
+ 66z − 10

= 5 .
,
, where z

A random variable X has probability density function

3a

f (x) = ⎨a (x − 5) (1 − x)
,

,
0 ⩽ x < 2

2 ⩽ x ⩽ b

otherwise
∈ C and a

is 3 + i. Find the value of a.

a, b ∈ R
∈ Z.

Find, in terms of a, the probability that X lies between 1 and 3.

Consider the case where b

Sketch the graph of f . State the coordinates of the end points

and any local maximum or minimum points, giving your
answers in terms of a.

Find the value of

19N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_6

, 3 < b ⩽ 5.

19N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_8
Eight boys and two girls sit on a bench. Determine the number of possible
arrangements, given that
[6]

19N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_10

[4]

[4]

[4]

[3]

[4]
 (a) the girls do not sit together. [3]

(b) the girls do not sit on either end. [2]

(c) the girls do not sit on either end and do not sit together. [3]

34. [Maximum mark: 5] 19M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_2

π

Solve z 2
= 4e 2
i
, giving your answers in the form

(a) re
iθ
where r, θ ,
∈ R r > 0 . [3]

(b) a + ib where a, b ∈ R . [2]

35. [Maximum mark: 7] 19M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_6

Let z = a + bi, a, b ∈ R
+
and let arg z .
= θ

(a) Show the points represented by z and z − 2a on the following

Argand diagram.

[1]

(b.i) Find an expression in terms of θ for arg (z − 2a). [1]

(b.ii) Find an expression in terms of θ for arg ( z

z−2a
) . [2]

(c) Hence or otherwise find the value of θ for which

) = 0. [3]
z
Re (
z−2a
36. [Maximum mark: 17] 19M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_11
Consider the equation x 5
− 3x
4
+ mx
3
+ nx
2
+ px + q = 0, where m, n, p,

q ∈ R.

The equation has three distinct real roots which can be written as log 2
,
a log 2 b

and log c.
2

The equation also has two imaginary roots, one of which is di where d ∈ R .

(a) Show that abc = 8 . [5]

The values a, b, and c are consecutive terms in a geometric sequence.

(b) Show that one of the real roots is equal to 1. [3]

(c) Given that q = 8d

2
, find the other two real roots. [9]

37. [Maximum mark: 8] 19M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_9

Consider the polynomial P (z) ≡ z
4
− 6z
3
− 2z
2
+ 58z − 51, z ∈ C.

(b) Sketch the graph of y = x − 6x − 2x + 58x − 51, stating

4 3 2

clearly the coordinates of any maximum and minimum points

and intersections with axes. [6]

(c) Hence, or otherwise, state the condition on k ∈ R such that all

roots of the equation P (z) = k are real. [2]

38. [Maximum mark: 7] 19M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_8

(a) Find the roots of the equation w 3
,
= 8i w ∈ C . Give your
answers in Cartesian form. [4]

(b) One of the roots w satisfies the condition Re (w

1 1) = 0 .
 Given that w =
z
, express z in the form a + bi, where a,
1 z−i
[3]
b ∈ Q.

39. [Maximum mark: 6] 18M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_1

Consider the complex number z =
2+7i

6+2i
.

(a) Express z in the form a + ib, where a, b ∈ Q . [2]

(b) Find the exact value of the modulus of z. [2]

(c) Find the argument of z, giving your answer to 4 decimal places. [2]

40. [Maximum mark: 28] 22M.3.AHL.TZ1.2

This question asks you to explore cubic polynomials of the form
(x − r)(x − 2ax + a + b ) for x ∈ R and corresponding cubic equations
2 2 2

with one real root and two complex roots of the form
(z − r)(z − 2az + a + b ) = 0 for z ∈ C.
2 2 2

In parts (a), (b) and (c), let r = 1, a = 4 and b = 1 .

Consider the equation (z − 1)(z 2

− 8z + 17) = 0 for z ∈ C .

(a.i) Given that 1 and 4 + i are roots of the equation, write down the
third root. [1]

(a.ii) Verify that the mean of the two complex roots is 4. [1]

Consider the function f (x) = (x − 1)(x

2
− 8x + 17) for x ∈ R .
(b) Show that the line y = x − 1 is tangent to the curve y = f (x)

at the point A(4, 3). [4]

(c) Sketch the curve y = f (x) and the tangent to the curve at
point A, clearly showing where the tangent crosses the x-axis. [2]

Consider the function g(x) = (x − r)(x

2
− 2ax + a
2 2
+ b ) for x ∈ R where
r, a ∈ R and b ∈ R, b > 0.

(d.i) Show that g′(x) = 2(x − r)(x − a) + x

2
− 2ax + a
2
+ b
2
. [2]

(d.ii) Hence, or otherwise, prove that the tangent to the curve

y = g(x) at the point A(a, g(a)) intersects the x-axis at the

point R(r, 0). [6]

The equation (z − r)(z − 2az + a

2 2 2
+ b ) = 0 for z ∈ C has roots r and
a ± bi where r, a ∈ R and b ∈ R, b > 0 .

(e) Deduce from part (d)(i) that the complex roots of the equation
(z − r)(z − 2az + a + b ) = 0 can be expressed as
2 2 2

a ± i√ g′(a) . [1]

On the Cartesian plane, the points C 1 (a,

√ g′(a)) and C 2 (a, − √ g′(a))

represent the real and imaginary parts of the complex roots of the equation
(z − r)(z − 2az + a + b ) = 0.
2 2 2

The following diagram shows a particular curve of the form

y = (x − r)(x − 2ax + a + 16) and the tangent to the curve at the point
2 2

A(a, 80). The curve and the tangent both intersect the x-axis at the point

R(−2, 0). The points C and C are also shown.

1 2
(f.i) Use this diagram to determine the roots of the corresponding
equation of the form (z − r)(z − 2az + a + 16) = 0 for
2 2

z ∈ C. [4]

(f.ii) State the coordinates of C .

2 [1]

Consider the curve y = (x − r)(x − 2ax + a + b ) for a ≠ r, b > 0. The

2 2 2

points A(a, g(a)) and R(r, 0) are as defined in part (d)(ii). The curve has a
point of inflexion at point P.

(g.i) Show that the x-coordinate of P is 1

3
(2a + r) .

You are not required to demonstrate a change in concavity. [2]

(g.ii) Hence describe numerically the horizontal position of point P

relative to the horizontal positions of the points R and A. [1]

Consider the special case where a = r and b > 0 .

(h.i) Sketch the curve y = (x − r)(x 2

− 2ax + a
2 2
+ b ) for
a = r = 1 and b = 2. [2]
(h.ii) For a = r and b > 0, state in terms of r, the coordinates of
points P and A. [1]

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