Scribd
Upload
19 views50 pages

Chapter 5

Uploaded by

danushprashad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views50 pages

Chapter 5

Uploaded by

danushprashad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

For =180o, homogeneous nucleation

For island-layer growth

Gvis –ve and  is +ve


Single Crystalline, amorphous or polycrystalline
f>0, film is in tension f<0,
film is in compression
EVAPORATION
The equilibrium vapor pressure of an element, Pe, is given by

For compounds, things are more complex.


Laser Ablation

• Excimer KrF, lambda = 248 nm; t = 25 ns; Ep = 100 mJ


• Laser Nd:YAG, lambda = 1064, 532, 355 nm; t = 10 ns; Ep = 550
mJ
The advantages:
- Easy and Versatile (external source)
- Target of any material
- High deposition rate (~ 0.1 nm/pulse)
- Multi-layer deposition
- Stoichiometric deposition congruent (the target stoichiometry is
transferred)
- High energy of the produced particles (even more than 10 eV)
- Possible temperatures lower than with other techniques
- Possible to correct the stoichiometry through reaction gases
MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY (MBE)
Main attributes of MBE
DC and RF Sputtering
Differences between evaporation and sputtering
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)
SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS

Fig. 5.19. A typical self-assembling surfactant molecule consisting


of three parts: surface group, alkyl or derivatized alkyl group, and
surface-active headgroup.
Fig. 5.21. Alkylsilanes with more than one chloride or alkoxy
groups, surface polymerization capable of forming silicon-oxygen-
silicon bonds between adjacent molecules as commonly invoked
deliberately by the addition of moisture.
LANGMUIR-BLODGETT METHOD
Fig. 5.23. Schematic showing the formation of Langmuir films,
which denote the molecular films at the water-air interface, a drop of a
dilute solution of an amphiphilic molecule in a volatile solvent, such
as CHC13, is spread on the water-air interface of a trough.
Fig. 5.24. The more conventional vertical deposition
method for the formation of LB films on substrates.
Fig. 5.26. Schaefer’s method useful for the deposition of very rigid
films, in which, a compressed monolayer is first formed at the
water and air interface, a flat substrate is placed horizontally on the
monolayer film.
ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION
SOL-GEL DEPOSITION
DIP COATING OF A SOL

where is the viscosity, Uo


the withdrawal speed, r the
density of the coating
sol, and cl is a constant.
SPIN COATING OF A SOL

where rA is the mass of volatile solvent per unit


volume, rAo its initial volume,  the angular velocity,
h the liquid viscosity, and e the evaporation rate,
which is related to the mass transfer coefficient.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy