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215 views51 pages

Eee 535

Uploaded by

david114barca
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LECTURES ON EEE 535: RELIABILITY &

MAINTAINABILITY OF ELECTRICAL &


ELECTRONICS COMPONENT AND
SYSTEMS

BY

PROF. O. AKINSANMI
COURSE OUTLINE
 Introduction of Reliability, Maintainability and Availability
 Elementary Reliability Theory
 Applications to Electrical and Electronics Components
 Test Characteristics of Electrical and Electronics Components
 Designing for higher Reliability
 Redundancy in Engineering Systems
 Packing, Mounting and Ventilation
 Reliability Assessment of Systems
 Protection from humidity, dust e.t.c

Text
 Reliability, Maintainability and Risk by David. J. Smith’
 Fundamental of Reliability and Testing methods by C. O. Oroge
RELIABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND AVAILABILITY


RELIABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY
AND
 AVAILABILITY
RELIABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY
AND AVAILABILITY

EQUIPMENT FAILURE PROFILE

 EQUIPMENT AVAILABILITY
AVAILABILITY

AVAILABILITY

AVAILABILITY

AVAILABILITY

 All system and equipment regardless of technology pass through
four basic phases from creation to removal from service. these
phases are
 1) Concept and Definition: This conceptualizing the idea and
defining the function of the system
 2) Design and Development: Designing and developing a
prototype of the system
 3) Manufacture and Installation: Manufacturing and installation
of the prototype
 4) Operation and Maintenance: This is limited to the consumer or
end users only. when he purchases and keep to the maintenance
procedure prescribed by manufacturer.
RELIABILITY
 Reliability in Design
 -- Reliability of a product is influenced strongly by the decision made
during the design process.
 -- Deficiencies in design affects all the items and are progressively
more expensive to correct in development proceeds, hence the new for
discipline in design to minimize failure.
 Reliability Specification
 Reliability of a System is influenced by the environment in which it is
used. Reliability specification must contain:
a. Definition of failure of the system
b. A full description of the environment of storage, transportation,
operation and maintenance
c. A statement of the reliability requirement
FAILURE
 Definition of failure

This is the termination of the ability of an item to perform required


funct ion. Eve r y it e m has ope rat ional charact e rist ics which it
possesses and exhibit in the course of usage. A deviation from this is
fault or failure
 Environment Specification

This involves the provision of statement in which an item or system is


to perform at its best. This include handling, storage, normal use. This
maintenance tools, the skill of the personnel. All these affect the
reliability of the system
FAILURE
Parts, Material Process (PMP) review
 This deals with the parts, materials and processes involved in the design.
This include
 Cyclical loading – This include frequent impact loading and fatigue
 External Environment – Storage and operation, condition must be
combined in relation to corrosion and extreme temperature effect
 Wears – wear properties of the materials must be considered for all
moving parts in contact

Non-materials Failure modes. This includes


 Noisy electronic component
 Distortion of electrical connections
 Failures of metal plating parts
 Wears in hydraulic system
 Other personnel induced failure e.g. faulty maintenance, handling or
storage
MAINTENANCE ANALYSIS
 Maintenance analysis is divided into two namely
 Preventive maintenance – This is carried out to
prevent major breakdown of the system. This is less
expensive
 Corrective maintenance – This is carried out when
major breakdown of the system has occurred. This
is capital intensive.
Note: Effective preventive maintenance prevents
corrective maintenance


REDUNDANCY
 REDUNDANCY- This is the provision of a more than one means of setting an
equipment or system to perform a given function. It is a method of improving
equipment system reliability. Applications of redundancy means the system will
continue to function satisfactorily in spite of failure of some items in the system.

 Advantage of Redundancy
 It prolongs the operating time of the system
 Provision of higher reliability
 Provision of higher availability
 There is provision of better maintenance culture

Disadvantage of Redundancy
 It increases weight of the design
 It occupies more space
 It design is more complex
 It is more expensive
 It requires more time for design
 Increase in the stress on the item
CLASSIFICATION OF REDUNDANCY
 Redundancy is classified into Active and Passive
(Standby)
 Active Redundancy - this is the case in which all
units with system are energized at the same time to
perform a given function.
CLASSIFICATION OF REDUNDANCY
 Failure of one of the items will not hinder the production process
rather there is room for maintenance during downtime. The only point
is that the stress distribution on the items will be higher
 Passive or Standby Redundancy
 This is the case in which one of the alterative units or system is
energized at a time, and there is provision of fast switching unit to
switch to another unit e.g. operating theatre of a hospital with the
provision made to switch over to the standby generator, if the mains
electricity fails
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR ACTIVE
REDUNDANCY

MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR PASSIVE OR
STANDBY

REDUNDANCY
DEDUCTION AND OBSERVATION ON
REDUNDANT COMPONENT


ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
RELIABILITY

ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
RELIABILITY

ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
RELIABILITY

THE BATHTUB CURVE
RELIABILITY

RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT STEPS
FOR ANY SYSTEM

EXAMPLE 1
1. An Electronic system works for 24hours daily and continuously for
50days. The following components listed in the table below were
used for its construction.

W e i gh t i n g f a ct or s: En v i r on m e n t ( A l l com pon e n t s) = 2.0 a n d


Temperature (All component) = 1.5. Rating: capacitor 3.0, resistor 2.0,
transistor 2.0, diode 1.5. Calculate from the data given above the
system reliability for the 50 days operating period.
EXAMPLE 1
Component No. used Base failure Environment Temperature Rating overall failure rate
rate

Transistor 30 0.08 2.0 1.5 2.0 14.4

Diodes 4 0.05 2.0 1.5 1.5 0.9

Capacitor 100 0.01 2.0 1.5 3.0 9.0

Resistor 140 0.05 2.0 1.5 2.0 42.0

Connectors 700 0.001 2.0 1.5 ---- 2.1

68.4
EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

EXAMPLE 7

EXAMPLE 8

EXAMPLE 9

MAINTAINABILITY

MAINTAINABILITY

IMPROVING AVAILABILITY
Availability of system can be improved by the two methods
 By improving the environmental factors
 By improving the maintenance process of the system

 Environmental factors – This involves providing a cooling


system to conduct excessive heat away from the system and
to reduce the dust settlement on the system. These are
capable of causing environmental stress.

 Maintenance process. This involves the use of various


maintenance strategies to keep the system in order. This
include the use of stabilizers with system to prevent voltage
f luctuations. The use of anti-surge suppressor to prevent the
effect of surge. This will reduce voltage stresses
MAINTAINABILITY
Maintenance operation should be readily available
preferable at the downtime of the system. Expertise of
the maintenance engineer is also significant for good
maintenance operation in diagnosing the problem at
hand and having a replaceable component readily
available for maintenance action.
EXAMPLE

EXAMPLE


 THANKS FOR LISTENING

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