DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

Curriculum of M. Sc. In Information Technology

Total Credit of the Course = 96

1st SEMESTER Total Credit= 24

S. No. Paper Code SUBJECT CREDIT

1 MIT101 Introduction to Information Technology 4
2 MIT102 Data Structure and Algorithm 6
3 MIT103 Digital Communication & Computer Networks 6
4 MIT104 Computer Architecture 4
5 MIT105  Programming in C & C++ 4
 Programming Languages & Concepts
 Object Oriented Concepts

2nd SEMESTER Total Credit= 24

S. No. Paper Code SUBJECT CREDIT

1 MIT201 Network Security 4
2 MIT202 Operating System & Systems Programming 6
3 MIT203 Data Base & Data Warehousing 6
4 MIT204 Software Engineering 6
5 MIT205  JAVA Programming, 2
 Window Programming
 VC++

3rd SEMESTER Total Credit= 24

S. No. Paper Code SUBJECT CREDIT

1 MIT301 Computer Graphics 4
2 MIT302 Software Testing & Quality Assurance 6
3 MIT303 Selected Topics in Information Technology 6
4 MIT304  Web Technology 4
 Advance Software Engineering
 Dot NET Technology
5 MIT305 Educational Tour, Industrial Visit/ Minor Project 4

4th SEMESTER Total Credit= 24

S. PARER SUBJECT CREDIT

No. CODE
1 MIT401 Dissertation & Comprehensive Viva 24
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

DETAILED SYLLABUS- M. SC. (IT)

MIT101-INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

UNIT-1 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT OF INFORMATION

Definition of information, Data Vs Information, Introduction to Information
representation in Digital Media, Text, image, graphics, Animation, Audio, Video etc.,
Need, Value and Quality of information, Concept of Information Entropy. MPEG, RTF,
TIFF JPEG, MPEG.
Unit-2 CONCEPTS IN COMPUTER & PROGRAMMING
Definition of Computer, History, Generations, Characteristic and Application of
Computers, Classification of Computers, RAM/ROM, Computer Hardware, CPU,
Various I/O devices, Peripherals, Storage Media, Role and Categories. Computer
Languages, Generation of Languages, Translators-Interpreters, Compiler/Interpreters,
Compilers, Flow, Charts, Dataflow Diagram, Assemblers, Introduction to 4GLs,
Software Development Methodology, Life Cycles.
UNIT-3 DIGITAL DEVICES AND BASIC NETWORK CONCEPTS
Decimal, binary, hexa decimal conversion, floating numbers, gates, flip flops, adder,
multiplexes, need for Data Transmission over distances, Types of Data Transmission,
Media for Data Transmission, AM, FM, Digital Modulation, Concepts in Computer
Networks, Networking of computers- Introduction of LAN & WAN. Network
Topologies.
UNIT-4 INTERNET AND WEB TECHNOLOGIES
Hypertext Markup Language, DHTML, WWW, Gopher, FTP, Telnet, Web Browsers,
Net Surfing, Search Engines, Email, ISP, EDI, E-Commerce, Public Key Private Key,
Safety of Business Transaction on web. Elementary Concepts of E-Commerce, Electronic
Token, Security Threats, Electronic Payment Systems, Digital Signatures, Network,
Security, Firewall, Introduction to Web Technologies.
UNIT-5 CONCEPTS IN OPERATING SYSTEM & DATA MANAGEMENT
Elementary Concepts in Operating System, textual Vs GUI Interface, Introduction to
DOS, MS Windows, MS office Tools, MS WORD, MS EXCEL, MS Power Point, Basics
of Database management system, Introduction to basic Commands of Dbase, SQL Etc.

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. D S Yadav, “Foundations of IT”, New Age, Delhi

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Curtin, “Information Technology : Breaking News”, TMH
2. Rajaraman, “Introduction to Computers”, PHI
3. Peter Nortans “Introduction to Computers”, TMH.
4. Leon & leon “Fundamental of information Technology”, Vikas
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT102-DATA STRUCTURE & ALGORITHM

UNIT-1 REVIEW OF C++

Object oriented programming, concepts of OOP, advantages of OOP, C++ program
structures classes, objects, friend functions, overloading member functions,
constructors, destructors, operator overloading and type conversion, inheritance,
virtual base classes, abstract classes, inheritance, arrays, memory models, new and
delete operators binding, polymorphism and virtual functions, exceptional handling,
strings.

UNIT -2 RECURSION AND POINTERS

Factorial, surface analysis of recursion; Recursion as a natural means of expressing
algorithms for solving certain kinds of problems- Arithmetic expression evaluation,
Towers of Hanoi; Backtracking techniques, Applications-Polish notation, Infix to Polish
conversion, Polish conversion to code. Introduction to pointers.

UNIT -3 DYNAMIC DATA STRUCTURES, STACK, QUEUES & LINKED

LIST
Dynamic data / dynamic memory -- allocation and de-allocation; Class constructors
(default constructors; copy constructors); Dynamically sized arrays - collections of
varying sizes, Stack definition, basic stack operations, stack linked list
implementation, queue definition, queue operations, queue linked list design, Linked
lists: Traversals – search, Insertion / deletion; Doubly linked lists, Circularly linked lists.

UNIT –4 SEARCHING, SORTING AND TREES

Searching algorithms, Algorithm analysis for best, worst, and average cases, sorts:
selection and insertion, sorts: Shell sort, heap sort, and quick sort, Trees: Binary search
trees, Binary tree traversal, Binary expression trees. AVL Tree, B Tree, B+ Tree.

UNIT –5 GRAPHS
Graphs, graph operations, graph storage structures, graph algorithms.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Gottfried, “Schaum’s Outline series in C Programming”, McGraw Hill.
2. Horowitz, E. and Sahni, S., “Fundamentals of Data Structures”, Galgotia
Publications. 2002

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Kernighan and Ritche, “The C programming Language”, PHI. 1999
2. Lipschultz, “Schaum’s Outline series in Data Structures”, McGraw Hill.
3. Hutchison, R., “Programming in C”, McGraw Hill. 1999.
4. Johnsonbaugh,R.and Kalin M.,“Applications programming in C”,PHI.
5. Rajaraman, V., “Computer programming in C”, PHI. 2003
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT103- DIGITAL COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

Introduction to digital communication, analog Vs Digital Communication, Fourier
Analysis, Band Width limitation, data rate of a channel, Error detection and
correction; nature of errors, parity check, CRC, hamming code, Modulation;
Multiplexing: SDM, FDM, TDM, STDM.

UNIT-2 INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK

Introduction to computer networks and application; network hardware, network
software, OSI reference model, TCP/IP model, network standardization, physical
layer: circuit switching, packet switching, message switching, terminal handling,
telephone system, modems, connections, transmission media- Guided media and
unguided media.

UNIT-3 PHYSICAL & DATA LINK LAYER

Duties of Physical Layer; Signals - Transmission impairment; Transmission Mode -
Serial and Parallel transmission; Analog Transmission - Telephone Modems;
Transmission media -; Circuit switching and telephone network, Duties of DLL; Error
detection and correction; Data link control and protocols; Multiple access – Random
access and Controlled access; Local Area Networks - Ethernet; Connecting devices;
Virtual Circuit switching – Frame Relay & ATM

UNIT-4 NETWORK AND TRANSPORT LAYER

Host-to-Host Delivery – Internetworks, Addressing and Routing; Network layer protocols
– ARP, IPv4, ICMP and IPv6; Unicast routing – RIP and OSPF; Multicast routing –
IGMP; Duties of Transport layer; Process- to-process delivery- UDP, TCP.

UNIT-5 APPLICATION LAYER

Application layer - Issues, DNS, E-mail and FTP; HTTP and WWW; Security –
Cryptography

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. Behrouz A Forouzan, “Data communication and networking” Tata McGraw Hill –
2004.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, “Computer Networks” PHI – 2003
2. William Stallings, “Data and computer communications” PHI 1997
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT104 -COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

UNIT-1 INSTRUCTION SET DESIGN

Alternatives and Principles: classifying instruction set architectures, operations in the
instruction set, type and size of operands, instruction representations, interactions
between languages and instruction sets, measuring instruction set usage, instruction set
examples.

UNIT-2 ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT & BASIC PROCESSOR IMPLEMENTATION

TECHNIQUES
Arithmetic and logic operations, arithmetic and logic operands, constructing an arithmetic
logic unit. processor data path, basic steps of execution, hardwired control, Interrupts.

UNIT-3 PIPELINING
Pipelined datapaths, pipelined control, pipeline hazards, pipeline implementations,
Dynamic instruction scheduling , taking advantage of more instruction-level parallelism,
Branch prediction

UNIT-4 MEMORY SYSTEMS

Principle of locality, principles of memory hierarchy, caches design and optimization,
main memory, virtual memory design, memory protection, memory coherency,
evaluating memory hierarchy performance

UNIT-5 I/O & MULTIPROCESSORS

I/O interface. Buses, Multiprocessor organizations. Cache coherence, Types and uses of
storage devices, interfacing I/O to the rest of the system, reliability and availability, I/O
system design, classifying parallel architectures, centralized vs. distributed shared
memory, interconnection topologies, synchronization, memory consistency

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. D. Patterson and J. Hennessy, Computer Organization and Design: The
Hardware/Software Interface, Third Edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1 J. Hennessy and D. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach
(3rd Edition), Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2003.
2. Mark Hill, et al, Readings in Computer Architecture, Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers.
3. Kai Hwang, Advanced Computer Architecture, McGraw Hill, 1993.
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT-201 NETWORK SECURITY

UNIT-1 FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SECURITY

Threats & Countermeasures, Terminology: Security Objectives and Services,
Cryptographic Algorithms and Protocols, Cryptography and Cryptanalysis, Primitives:
Symmetric Encryption, Asymmetric Encryption / Signing, Modification Check Values,
Random Number Generation, Cryptographic Protocols, Access Control

UNIT-2 NETWORK SECURITY INTEGRATION AND LINK LAYER SECURITY

PROTOCOLS
Basic Design Space of Security Integration, Pragmatic Internet Computing Model and
Different Security Requirement Levels, Discussion of Integration into Lower vs. Higher
Protocol Layers and into End Systems vs. Intermediate Systems, Link Layer Security
Protocols: Point to Point Protocol, Point to Point Tunneling Protocol, Layer 2 Tunneling
Protocol, Virtual Private Networks: Definition and Design Alternatives

UNIT-3 INTERNET SECURITY ARCHITECTURE

Basic Security Deficits of the Internet Protocol, Security Objectives of IPSec, Overview
on Concepts: Security Associations, Security Association Database, Security Policy
Database, Security Protocols, Transport Mode and Tunnel Mode, Authentication Header
(AH), Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), Authentication and Key Management

UNIT-4 TRANSPORT LAYER SECURITY PROTOCOLS AND FIREWALLS

Secure Socket Layer / Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS), Secure Shell (SSH), Basic
Firewall Concepts, Firewall Architectures, Packet Filtering, Proxy Services and Bastion
Hosts

UNIT-5 SECURITY IN WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORKS

Specific Threats in Mobile Communications, Security of Wireless Local Area Networks
according to IEEE 802.11, GSM/GPRS/UMTS Security Concepts and Protocols, Outlook
on Security for Mobile Internet Communications, Electronic Payment Systems, Secure
Electronic Transaction (SET), CyberCash, iKey Protocols, Ecash (DigiCash)
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT202-OPERATING SYSTEM & SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM

Introduction-What is an OS-OS structures-Process management-Process concept-Process
creation-Operation on processes–Inter process communication

UNIT-2 MEMORY MANAGEMENT

Storage management - Memory management - Logical Vs Physical address space -
Swapping – Contiguous allocation – Paging – Segmentation - Virtual memory - Demand
paging - Page replacement - Page replacement algorithms – Thrashing

UNIT-3 FILE SYSTEM & DEADLOCKS

File system interface-file concept-access methods-directory structure, Process
Synchronization, Deadlocks - Deadlock characterization – Preventions - Deadlock
avoidance. Detection recovery from Deadlock

UNIT-4 ASSEMBLER AND MACROS

Assemblers: - Two pass and one pass assemblers. Macros:- Macro definition, macro call,
macro expansion, nested macro calls, macro processors.

UNIT-5 COMPILER
The phases of a compiler, the role of the lexical analyzer, a simple approach to the lexical
analysis- transition diagram. The syntactic specification of a programming language-
Context frees grammar derivations and parse tree, unambiguous grammar. Basic parsing
techniques- bottom-up and top-down parses, representation of a parse tree,

TEXT BOOKS
1. D. M. Dhamdhere, System Programming & Operating Systems, Tata McGraw
Hill, 1993 (Reprinted 1994, 1995).
2. Silberschatz Galvin et. al.– “Operating system concepts” - John Wiley & Sons –
2004

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Milan Milenkovic – “Operating System Concepts and Design” - McGraw Hill –
2003
2. Andrew S. Tennenbaum – “Modern Operating System” – PHI – 1997.
3. Deital - “An Introduction to Operating System” – Pearson Education–1990
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT203- DATA BASE AND DATA WAREHOUSING

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION
Purpose of Database system - Advantages of DBMS over File Processing System –
View of Data - Data Abstraction - Data Independence – Data models – Database
languages – Database Administrator – Database users – DBMS system structure

UNIT-2 LOGICAL DATABASE DESIGN

ER model basic concepts – Attributes and its types – Entity and Entity set –
Relationship & Relationship set - Mapping Constraints – Keys – ER Diagram –
Weak entity sets

UNIT-3 RELATIONAL, OBJECT MODEL & DESIGN TECHNIQUES

Structure of Relational Database - Relational Algebra - Extended Operations - Tuple
relational Calculus & Domain Relational Calculus – Aggregate Functions-
Modification of the database-Views – Object Oriented Database - Object Relational
Database, Pitfalls in relational database design- Decomposition - 1 NF, 2 NF, 3 NF,
BCNF, 4 NF & 5 NF.

UNIT-4 PHYSICAL IMPLEMENTATION, TRANSACTION & RECOVERY

Storage and File Structure, Indexing & Hashing, Transaction Concurrency Control,
Recovery System, Parallel & Distributed Database.

UNIT-5 DATA WAREHOUSE CONCEPTS AND TERMINOLOGY

Data Warehouse Definition, Data Warehouse Properties, Data Warehousing
Terminology, Components of a Data Warehouse, Oracle Warehouse Vision,
Products, and Services, Online Analytical Processing (OLAP).

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B. Navathe, “Fundamentals of Database
Systems”, Fourth Edition, Pearson Addison Wesley;

REFERENCE BOOKS
1 Peter Rob and Carlos Coronel, Thomson Learning, “Database Systems Design,
Implementation and Management”, 5th edition, Course Technology,
2. “Modern Database Management (6th Edition)”, Prentice Hall.
3. Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Mary B. Prescott, and Fred R. McFadden, “Database
Systems, A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation, and
Management”, Thomas M. Connolly and Caroline E. Begg, Addison-Wesley.
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT204- SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

UNIT-1 SOFTWAREENGINEERING PARADIGMS

Software Characteristics – Software myths – Software Applications - Software
Engineering Definitions – Layered Technology – Software Process – Introduction to
CMM and Umbrella Activities – Various Software Process Models, Overview of Quality
Standards like ISO 9001, SEI-CMM

UNIT-2 PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING

Software Project Management Spectrum – Team Organization – Software Metrics and
Measures – Process Metrics –Project metrics - Software Project Planning – Empirical-
Putnam, COCOMO – Risk Identification and Projection – RMMM – Project Scheduling
and Tracking.

UNIT-3 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

System Engineering - Requirement Analysis – Analysis Concept and Principles -Analysis
Modeling – Software Design concepts and Principles – Effective modular design

UNIT-4 SCM AND SOFTWARE RELIABILITY

SCM – SCI – Change control, Version control – Configuration Audit - Software Re-
engineering – Benefits and Activities – Forward and Reverse Engineering, Reverse
Engineering, Software Re-engineering, Software Reliability Engineering – Software
Reliability Metrics – MTTF, MTBF, POFOD, ROCOF, Software Reliability, Mistake
Proofing for Software.

UNIT-5 SOFTWARE TESTING AND MAINTENANCE

Software Testing Objectives and Principles – Testing Techniques – Testing strategies –
Debugging Principles – Testing for specialized environments, Management of
Maintenance, Maintenance Process, Maintenance Models.

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. Roger S. Pressman – “Software Engineering: A Practitioner Approach” - McGraw
Hill – 6TH Edition 2005.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Carlo Ghezzi, Mehdi Jazayari, Dino Mandrioli – “Fundamentals of Software
Engineering - Prentice Hall of India
2. Farley – “Software Engineering Concepts” - McGraw Hill
3. Sommerville I. – “Software Engineering” - Addison Wesley
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT301- COMPUTER GRAPHICS

UNIT-1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND DISPLAY DEVICES

Interactive Graphics, Passive Graphics, Referesh CRT, Random-Scan and Raster Scan
Monitor, Vector, Inner Product and vector product, Distance between a point and a line,
Projection of a point on line, scan conversion of Line, Circle, and ellipse.

UNIT-2 2-D GRAPHICS TRANSFORMATIONS

Geometric and Co-Ordinate Transformation- Rotation, Scaling, and Reflection.

UNIT-3 2-D VIEWING AND CLIPPING

Windowing concept, Clipping algorithms(line, Sutherland, mid-point subdivision),
window to viewport transformation, Be’zier curves, B-Spline curve fitting.

UNIT-4 3-D GRAPHICS & PROBLEM OF PROJECYION

3-D Graphics Transformations- - Rotation, Scaling, and Reflection, Parallel projection,
perspective projection, Z-Buffer Algorithm.

UNIT-5 HIDDEN SURFACE ELIMINATION

Hidden Line Surface Removal Algorithms, Z-Buffer, Scan Line, Sub Division Shading:
Modeling Light Intensities: Diffuse Reflection, Refracted Light, Half toning, Surface
Shading Methods: Const ant Intensit y Method, Gouraud Shading, Phong Shading.

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. D.P. Mukherjee, “Fundamentals of Computer Graphics and Multimedia”, PHI,
2002.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. David Hillman, “Multimedia Technology & Applications”, Galgotia Publications.
2. Rajneesh Agrawal, “Multimedia Systems”, Excel Books.
3. Nigel Chapman & Jenny Chapman, “Digital Multimedia”, Wiley Publications.
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT302 -SOFTWARE TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

UNIT-1 SOFTWARE TESTING FUNDAMENTALS

Introduction; Software Testing Perspective Related Terminology; Myths; Purpose, Goal
and Objectives; Challenges and Issues; Effective Software Testing; Types of Testing;
Principles of Software Testing; Testing and Debugging, Testability Artifacts Testability
Facilitators, Testability Analysis

UNIT-2 STATIC TESTING & TESTING STRATEGY

Introduction, Principles of Static Analysis, Static Testing Perspective, General

Methodology, A Taxonomy of Static Testing, Manual Techniques, Walkthrough, Formal
Reviews, Inspection, Automated Testing, Syntax Parser, Static Verification, Symbolic
Execution, Static Vs Dynamic Testing, Strategic Issues Strategic Premises A Generic
Testing Strategy Models for Software Testing

UNIT-3 BLACK BOX TESTING & WHITE BOX TESTING

Introduction, Black Box Techniques, Equivalence Partitioning, Scope and Prospects, Test
Case Generation, Boundary Value Analysis, Robustness Testing, Syntax Testing, Finite
State Testing White Box Technique White Box Modeling Basis Path Testing Control
Structure Testing Mutation Testing

UNIT-4 SOFTWARE AND QUALITY CONCEPT

Objectives, Quality: An Overview, Software Perspective, Software Quality Factors&
Planning Software Quality Assurance, Software Quality Models, Software Quality
Measurement and Metrics, Software Quality Assurance Software Quality Assurance Life
Cycle Establishing Software Quality Assurance Program SQA Activities

UNIT-5 SQA PLANNING & STANDARS

Building Blocks of Software Quality Assurance Plan, SQA Planning Assurance, Journey
of Standards SQA Standards: Purpose and Role SQA Standards: Requirements and
Activities ISO 9000 Quality Standard Series
Software Metrics, Software Quality Metrics Framework, Software Quality Metrics
Features, Developments of Software Quality Metrics, Selection of Software Quality
Metrics, Quality Models: Hierarchical Models Quality Models: Non- Hierarchical
Models, Capability Maturity Models, CMM Maturity Levels
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MIT-304 WEB TECHNOLOGY

UNIT – 1 INTRODUCTION
Introduction and overview of Internet & Web; Web Design: Key issues in web site
design, Introduction to HTML, Structure of a Web Page, Various HTML Tags, Table
Handling, Frames, Forms & Interactivity;

UNIT –2 DESIGN TOOLS

Usage of various web based tools like Microsoft Front page, Adobe Photoshop, Ulead
Gif Animator, Macromedia Flash etc.; Various Security methods like firewalls etc.

UNIT – 3 E-COMMERCE
Types of E-Commerce applications, Architectural Framework & Order Management
Cycle of E-Commerce, Components and public issues of i-way , media convergence,
challenge response system, Electronic Market place, types of electronic payment systems
and electronic tokens, challenges in electronic payment systems, Mercantile process and
Mercantile consumer Models;

UNIT-4 M-COMMERCE
WAP features and applications, WAP Architecture & Workability, WML skeleton
framework.

UNIT – 5 WEB TECHNOLOGIES

Brief Overview & usage of various web technologies. ASP Application Development
Framework - ASP request object, ASP response object, ASP server object, ASP session
object, ASP components, Creating interactive applications using active server pages.
JAVA: Embedding java applets and jeva script in web page. .NET technology & C# -
Overview
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

Electives

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

UNIT –1 INTRODUCTION
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Simulation of sophisticated & Intelligent Behavior
in different area problem solving in games, natural language, automated reasoning, visual
perception.

UNIT-2 STATE SPACES, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND SEARCH

State Space representation of problems. Problem solving as search. Constraints.
Definition and examples of Production Systems. Heuristic search techniques. Two person
games.

UNIT-3 KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION

First order predicate calculus, Horn Clauses, Introduction to PROLOG, Partitioned Nets,
Minskey frames, Case Grammar Theory, Production Rules Knowledge Base, The
Interface System, Forward & Backward Deduction.

UNIT-4 WEAK SLOT AND FILLER STRUCTURES

Semantic Nets and Frames. Scripts for representing prototypical combinations of events
and actions, Pattern-matching algorithms. The problem of Control in Rule Based
Systems. The Rete Algorithm

UNIT-5 PATTERN RECOGNITION

Introduction to Pattern Recognition, Structured Description, Symbolic Description,
Machine perception, Line Finding, Interception Semantic & Model, Object Identification,
Speech Recognition.

TEXT BOOK(S)
1. Elaine Rich and Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Mc Graw Hill,
2nd Edition, 1991.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach,
Prentice Hall, 2nd edition, 2003.
2. Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial, MIT Press, 3rd Edition (2nd
printing), 1998.
3. Guy Steele, Common Lisp: The Language, Digital Press, 2nd Edition, 1990.
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM DESIGN

UNIT-1 ARCHITECTURE
Review of Z80, the instruction cycle, registers and stacks etc., external interface;
introduction to 8086 series; register architecture, external interface

UNIT-2 80X86 PROGRAMMING

Addressing modes, branching and conditions; stack commands; subroutines, port I/O,
interrupts; Internal Operation of the Processor: register transfer logic, instruction formats;
microcode, timing diagrams; design techniques: pipelining etc.

UNIT-3 SYSTEMS DESIGN

Memory: Static/Dynamic RAM, technology and timing; ROM, PROMs, EPROMs,
PLAs,DMC chips address decoding ,EDAC;

UNIT-4 INPUT/OUTPUT
Parallel, serial I/O, DMA; interrupts and interrupt control circuits; Microcomputer Buses:
the system bus, bus interface and arbitration circuits; bus standards

UNIT-5 PERIPHERALS
Keyboards, CRT controllers, printers; secondary memory; A/D and D/A Conversions;
Engineering: noise, reliability etc. Putting a System Together: the development cycle
(h/w and s/w), development aids; cost of development and production

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO THE DIGITAL IMAGE

Why digital images; The digital camera; Data types and 2d representation of digital
images; Discrete sampling model; Quantisation; Noise processes; Image attributes

UNIT-2 SEGMENTATION & IMAGE TRANSFORMATIONS

Thresholding and thresholding algorithms; Performance evaluation and ROC analysis;
Connected components labeling; Region growing and region adjacency graph (RAG);
Split and merge algorithms; Grey level transformations; Histogram equalization;
Geometric transformations; Affine transformations; Polynomial warps

UNIT-3: MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATION & FEATURE CHARACTERISATION

Erode and dilate as max and min operators on binary images; Open, close, thinning and
other transforms; Medial axis transform; Introduction to grey-level morphology;
Calculation of region properties; Moment features; Boundary coding; Fourier descriptors
Line descriptors from boundary coding and from moments

UNIT-4 IMAGE FILTERING& EDGE DETECTION

Linear and non-linear filtering operations; Image convolutions; Separable convolutions
Sub-sampling and interpolation as convolution operations; Alternative approaches; Edge
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

enhancement by differentiation; Effect of noise, edge detection and Canny;

implementation; Edge detector performance evaluation

UNIT-5 CORNER DETECTION & COLOUR IMAGES

Image structure tensor; Relationship to image auto-correlation; Characterisation and
Harris corner detector; Sub-pixel accuracy and performance evaluation; Representations
of colour in digital images; Colour metrics; Pixel-wise (point) operations; Colour
invariants and Finlayson colour constancy algorithmSimilarity and dissimilarity matching
metrics; L2 metric and relationship to cross-correlation; Image search and multi-
resolution algorithms; 2D object detection, recognition, location

ADVANCE JAVA PROGRAMMING

UNIT-1 JAVA SERVLET

Servlet life cycle , servlet basics , HTTP servlets, The Servlets API, request server side –,
session tracking , databases and non-HTML content , request dispatching , shared
attributes, resource abstraction. advantages of Servlets over CGI; Servlet sessions;
Servlet class hierarchy; Servlet interaction with the client

UNIT-2 JDBC
JDBC versus ODBC; JDBC driver types; JDBC-ODBC bridge; two tier versus three tier
models; Java Database Connectivity: JDBC overview , Architecture , Drivers, database
connection statements Result sets, transaction, Metadata and Aggregate functions ,
callable statements.

UNIT-3 JAVA NETWORKING

Remote Method –introduction , architecture, defining remote objects, creating stubs
and skeleton, object serialization, dynamically loaded classes, RMI activation,
registrating remote objects, marshaled objects. CORBA-concepts, object bus,
distributed objects, interoperability of distributed objects, concept of open object bus, a
java interface to CORBA, creating a basic CORBA server, creating CORBA clients with
Java IDL, RMI v/s CORBA

UNIT-4 JAVA BEAN

Basics of designing JavaBeans, creating and using properties, using events to
communicate with other components, Enterprise Java Beans- basics of EJB, implementing
session beans , implementing Entity Beans , Deploying an Enterprise Java Beans.

UNIT-5 REVIEW OF OTHER JAVA TECHNOLOGIES

JSP(Java Server Pages: Introduction to JSP, Use of JSP, JSP Architecture, JSP
tags, Implicit and Explicit objects, Request forward, Request –time include ,use of
Beans in JSP and their scopes. Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI); Java
Transaction Service (JTS); Java Message Service (JMS); Java in small memory spaces,
eg PDAs
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

SOFT COMPUTING

UNIT – 1 INTRODUCTION
Neural Networks: History, overview of biological Neuro-system, Mathematical Models
of Neurons, ANN architecture, Learning rules, Learning Paradigms-Supervised,
Unsupervised and reinforcement Learning, ANN training Algorithms-perceptions,
Training rules, Delta, Back Propagation Algorithm, Multilayer Perceptron Model,
Hopfield Networks, Associative Memories, Applications of Artificial Neural Networks.

UNIT – 2 FUZZY LOGIC

Introduction to Fuzzy Logic, Classical and Fuzzy Sets: Overview of Classical Sets,
Membership Function, Fuzzy rule generation. Operations on Fuzzy Sets: Compliment,
Intersections, Unions, Combinations of Operations, Aggregation Operations.

UNIT – 3 FUZZY ARITHMETIC

Fuzzy Numbers, Linguistic Variables, Arithmetic Operations on Intervals & Numbers,
Lattice of Fuzzy Numbers, Fuzzy Equations. Fuzzy Logic: Classical Logic, Multivalued
Logics, Fuzzy Propositions, Fuzzy Qualifiers, Linguistic Hedges. Uncertainty based
Information: Information & Uncertainty, Nonspecificity of Fuzzy & Crisp Sets,
Fuzziness of Fuzzy Sets.

UNIT-4 FUZZY IMAGE PROCESSING

Introduction to fuzzy image processing, Fuzzy Data Fusion; Fuzzy Diagnosis; Neural
Networks: Supervised Learning: Hopfield Nets, Perceptrons, gradient descent, multilayer
nets, backpropagation, overfitting.

UNIT – 5 NEURO-FUZZY SYSTEMS

Introduction of Neuro-Fuzzy Systems, Architecture of Neuro Fuzzy Networks.
Application of Fuzzy Logic: Medicine, Economics etc. Overview of Genetic Algorithm,
GA in problem solving, Implementation of GA

ROBOTICS

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION
History, robot architectures, technical concepts of robotics, actuation and sensing, robotic
system design, applications.

UNIT-2 COORDINATE SYSTEMS

Cartesian coordinates, transformation matrices, reference frames, relative and general
transformations, orientation, inverse transformations, graphs.

UNIT-3 KINEMATICS- POSITION

Joints, members, reference frames, trigonometric solution, Homogeneous
transformations, direct and inverse kinematics, orientation, precision,
efficiency/complexity of kinematics solutions.

UNIT-4 KINEMATICS- MOTION

Derivatives, velocity and acceleration of a rigid bodies, differential movement, Jacobian,
and singularities.
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

UNIT-5 SENSORS, MEASUREMENTS AND PERCEPTION

Sensors hierarchy, interfaces, internal and external sensors, location, computer vision,
applications, Basic concepts in control systems, digital control for position, System
integration: mechanism, actuators and sensors
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

ADVANCE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

UNIT-1 THE WIDER SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CONTEXT

Embedded software and systems engineering: overview, examples and industrial realities;
Project Management - Project Planning and Scheduling; Standards, e.g. PSS-05; Case
studies

UNIT-2 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PROCESS

Unified Software Development Process; Software Process Improvement; Software
Economics; Software Quality

UNIT-3 SOFTWARE METRICS

Software Metric definition; Various metrics available; Measurement, Estimation and
Prediction; Requirements Management; Configuration Management; Risk Management;
Testing and Inspection

UNIT-4 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

Architecture Description Languages; Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture;
Component-based Development; Distributed Software Architectures using Middleware;
Enterprise Application Integration; Architectures for Mobile and Pervasive Systems;
Model Driven Architecture

UNIT-5 ADVANCED MODELLING

UML Extension Mechanisms; Object Constraint Language; Model Checking

DOT NET TECHNOLOGY

UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO MICROSOFT .NET

Business requirements fulfilled by the .NET initiative, core services and features
provided in the .NET platform, features and benefits of XML Web services, clients
available for the .NET platform and the different types of .NET–compatible smart
devices, Benefits of the .NET Framework, components of the .NET Framework.

UNIT-2 INTRODUCTION TO DESIGNING BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

MSF Process Model and the MSF Team Model, key activities of each phase in the MSF
Process Model and the deliverables associated with each phase.

UNIT-3 CREATING THE CONCEPTUAL, LOGICAL AND PHYSICAL DESIGN

Purpose of the planning phase of the MSF Process Model, role of the functional
specification in the planning phase, purpose of conceptual design, Analysis and
optimization of a conceptual design, benefits of logical design, logical design model for a
business solution, Documentation of the outputs of logical design, role of physical design
in the MSF Process Model, steps of physical design, Designing a programming model.

UNIT-4 DESIGNING SECURITY SPECIFICATIONS

Identifying potential threats, Applying mitigation technologies.

UNIT-5 STABILIZING AND DEPLOYING THE SOLUTION

 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow

Goal, milestones, and deliverables of the MSF stabilizing phase, tasks involved in testing
and piloting a solution, goal, milestones, and deliverables of the MSF deploying phase,
steps for deploying the solution to a production environment, recommended activities
involved in completing a project