Module 7.

INVERTEBRATES
NATIONAL STOCK ASSESSMENT PROGRAM (NSAP) STANDARD
TRAINING FOR ENUMERATORS
 Module 7. Invertebrates

Outline
 Marine Invertebrates overview
 Commercially important taxa, with examples of
representative families and species
 Crustaceans
 Mantis shrimps
 Shrimps and prawns
 Lobsters
 Crabs
 Molluscs
 Cephalopods
 Gastropods (no list ?)
 Bivalves (no list ?)
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Module 7. Invertebrates
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CRUSTACEANS
Mantis shrimps
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STOMATOPODA Diagnostic
Mantis shrimps characteristics
•elongate, flattened, shrimp-like or lobster-like crustaceans massive, conspicuous,
praying mantis-like
“raptorial” claws which
are folded under the sides
of the carapace
large, often T-shaped,
movable eyes
very short carapace, not
more than about 1/3 the
total length and not
covering the eyes
only 3 pairs of walking
legs
a long, flattened tail
(which includes part of
the thorax, the abdomen,
and the terminal telson)
 Module 7. Invertebrates

Family Odontadactylidae
Raoulius cultifer Odontodactylus scyllarus
Pastel odontodactylid mantis shrimp Reef odontodactylid mantis shrimp
(local name) (local name)

the largest “smasher”

one of the most brightly
coloured stomatopods
appendages lined with
colour primarily in
bright red setae
pastels, with pink or
purple uropods and
antennal scales blue uropods lined with
bright red setae
 Module 7. Invertebrates

Family Lysiosquillidae Family Harpiosquillidae Family Squillidae

Lysiosquillina maculata Harpiosquilla harpax 5 Species
Common banded shrimp Robber harpiosquillid mantis shrimp

v v
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Family Squillidae
Cloridopsis scorpio (Latreille, 1828) Other species:
Spotted squillid mantis shrimp
Erugosquilla woodmasoni (Kemp, 1911)
Smooth squillid mantis shrimp.
Miyakea nepa (Latreille, 1828)
Smalleyed squillid mantis shrimp
Oratosquillina gravieri (Manning, 1978)
Vietnamese squillid mantis shrimp
Oratosquillina solicitans (Manning, 1978)
Variable squillid mantis shrimp
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CRUSTACEANS
Shrimps and prawns
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Phylum ARTHROPODA or Jointed-legged animals

Class CRUSTACEA or Shelled animals
Subclass MALACOSTRACA or Soft-shelled Crustacea
Order DECAPODA or Ten-footed Crustacea
Suborder NATANTIA or Swimming Decapods
Infraorder PENAEIDAE (Shrimps and Prawns)
Superfamily SERGESTOIDAE (2 family)
Family SERGESTIDAE (Sergestoid shrimp)

Superfamily PENAEOIDAE (4 family)

Family PENAEIDEA (Shrimp or Prawns)
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Family Sergestidae Diagnostic

Sergestoid shrimps, Paste shrimps characteristics
(Alamang)
Usually microscopic to
small sized, with a body
Rostrum short or absent
length from 1 to about 5
cm

Body strongly
compressed laterally, shell
soft

Rostrum very short and

small, sometimes absent

Acetes indicus Acetes intermedius Acetes sibogae fourth and fifth legs
Jawla paste shrimp Taiwan mauxia shrimp Alamang shrimp
reduced or absent
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Family Penaeidae Diagnostic

Penaeid shrimps characteristics

Rostrum well developed

and generally extending
beyond eyes
No styliform projection
at base of eyestalk and
no tubercle on its inner
border
All 5 pairs of legs well
developed, fourth leg
bearing a single well-
developed arthrobranch

Difference between the 2 most commercially important genera:

Penaeus Metapenaeus

No teeth on lower
Teeth on lower border
border
Rostrum lateral view
 Module 7. Invertebrates
Family Penaeidae
Genus Penaeus
Penaeus monodon Penaeus merguiensis
Giant tigar prawn Banana prawn
(local name) (local name)

Penaeus semisulcatus Penaeus latisulcatus

Green tiger prawn Western king prawn
(local name) (local name)
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Family Penaeidae
Genus Penaeus
Penaeus indicus Penaeus canaliculatus
Indian white prawn Witch prawn
(local name) (local name)

Penaeus japonicus
Kuruma prawn
(local name)
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Family Penaeidae
Genus Metapenaeus, Metapenaeopsis
Metapenaeus ensis Metapenaeus dalli
Greasyback shrimp Western school shrimp
(local name) (local name)

Metapenaeus endeavouri
Endeavour shrimp Metapenaeopsis palmensis
(local name) Southern velvet shrimp
(local name)
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Family Penaeidae
Genus Trachypenaeus
Trachypenaeus curvirostris Entire body hairy, with grooves and crests on carapace obscure.
Southern rough shrimp
(local name) Rostrum slightly upcurved at tip, armed with 6 to 8
upper teeth (including those on carapace) and extending to
about distal antennular article.

Post-rostral crest low and extending almost to posterior margin

of carapace.

Trachypenaeus malayana
Entire body hairy, with grooves and crests on carapace obscure.
Malayan rough shrimp
(local name)
Rostrum armed with 9 or 10 upper teeth (including those on
carapace), nearly straight or slightly curved upward
at tip, extending to about second antennular article.
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CRUSTACEANS
Lobsters
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LOBSTERS (8 FAMILIES)

 NEPHROPIDAE – True lobster & lobsterettes

 THAUMASTOCHELIDAE – Pincer lobster
 ENOPLOMETOPIDAE – Reef lobster
 POLYCHELIDAE – Blind lobster
 GLYPHEIDAE – Fenix lobster
 SYNAXIDAE – Furry lobster
 PALINURIDAE – Spiny lobster, langoustes
 SCYLLARIDAE – Slipper lobster
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Section MACRURA
Large tailed Decapods: Spiny lobsters and slipper Lobsters

Family PALINURIDAE Family SCYLLARIDAE

(Spiny lobster) (Slipper lobster)
 Genus Panulirus  Genus Thenus
 Panulirus ornatus  Thenus orientalis
 P. versicolor  Genus Ibacus
 P. homarus  Ibacus ciliatus
 P. longipes
 P. penicillatus
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Family Palinuridae
Genus Panulirus
Panulirus ornatus Panulirus versicolor Panulirus homarus Panulirus longipes Panulirus penicillatus
Ornate spiny lobster Painted spiny lobster Scalloped spiny lobster Long-legged spiny lobster Pronghorn spiny lobster
(local name) (local name) (local name) (local name) (local name)
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Family Scyllaridae
Thenus orientalis Parribacus antarcticus
Flathead lobster Sculptured mitten lobster
(local name) (local name)
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CRUSTACEANS
Crabs
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Phylum ARTHROPODA or Jointed-legged animals

Class CRUSTACEA or Shelled animals

Subclass MALACOSTRACA or Soft-shelled Crustacea

Order DECAPODA or Ten-footed Crustacea

Suborder NATANTIA or Swimming Decapods

Infraorder ANOMURA (Irregular-tailed Decapod)

Infraorder BRACHYURA (Short-tailed Crabs)

 Module 7. Invertebrates

Section ANOMURA
Irregular-tailed crab-like Decapod
Family Coenobatidae Family Thalassinidae
Birgus latro Thalassina anomala
Coconut crab Mud lobster
(local name) (local name)
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Section BRACHYURA
Short-tailed crab
Family Raninidae – Spanner crabs Family Calappidae – Box and moon
Ranina ranina crabs
Coconut crab Matuta victor
(kuratcha) Common moon crab
(local name)
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Section BRACHYURA Diagnostic
Family Portunidae - Swimming crabs characteristics
Carapace hexagonal,
transversely ovate to
transversely hexagonal,
sometimes circular
Carapace margin usually
multidentate; usually 5 to 9
teeth on each anterolateral
margin
Endopodite of second
maxillipeds with strongly
developed lobe on inner
margin
Legs laterally flattened to
varying degrees, last 2
segments of last pair
paddle-like
Male abdominal segments
3 to 5 completely fused,
General shape (dorsal view) of a brachyuran crab immovable
(Family Portunidae)
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Family Portunidae
Genus Charybdis
Charybdis feriata Charybdis natator
Crucifix crab Ridged swimming crab
(local name) (kantugas)
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Family Portunidae
Genus Portunus
Portunus pelagicus Portunus sanguinolentus
Flower crab, Blue swimming crab Three-spotted swimming crab
(alimasag, kasag, masag, lambay) (local name)
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Family Portunidae
Genus Scylla
Scylla serrata Scylla olivacea Scylla paramamosain
Giant mud crab Orange mud crab Green mud crab
(alimango) (local name) (local name)
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Family Portunidae
Podophthalmus vigil Thalamita crenata Thalamita spinimana
Sentinel crab; Long-eyed swimming crab Crenate swimming crab Spiny claw swimming crab
(local name) (dawat, suga-suga) (local name)

Eyes very long, reaching to or Overall color bright red

Overall color dark to olive green
extending beyond edge of carapace
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Other edible crabs

Matula lunares (?) Varuna literata Cardisoma carnifex
Armed crab Shore crab Lanad crab
(Parag-parag) (Talangka) (Kagang)
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Other edible crabs

Ocypode ceratophthalma Ocypode cordimanus
Horned-eye ghost crab Ghost or sand crab
(Biokoy) (Agoyokoy)
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MOLLUSCS
Cephalopods
 Module 7. Invertebrates

Family Nautilidae Diagnostic

Chambered Nautiluses characteristics

Coiled, pearly, external shell

punctuated with chambers
Nautilus pompilius (Linnaeus, 1758)
with the animal living in the
Emperor nautilus
outermost chamber
2 pairs of gills
up to 47 pairs of arm-like
appendages around mouth
suckers and hooks lacking
eyes simple, without lenses
funnel (or infundibulum)
consisting of 2 lobes which
fold together to form a tube-
like structure that serves for
locomotion
Chromotophores and ink
sac absent
 Module 7. Invertebrates

Family Sepiidae
Cuttlefishes
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Family Loliginidae
Squids
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Family Octopodidae
Benthic Octopuses
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Family Sepiidae
Cuttlefishes
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Family Loliginidae
Squids

Uroteuthis bartschi Loliolus Photololigo Sepioteuthis

Characteristic fin shapes of loliginid genera (dorsal view)

 Module 7. Invertebrates
Family Loliginidae
Squids

•Nipponololigo beka (Sasaki, 1929)

•Nipponololigo sumatrensis (Orbigny, 1835)
•“Photololigo chinensis” Gray, 1849 species complex
•Photololigo duvaucelii (d’Orbigny, 1835)
•“Photololigo edulis” (Hoyle, 1885) species complex
•Photololigo singhalensis (Ortmann, 1891)
•“Sepioteuthis lessoniana” Lesson, 1830 ? species complex
•Uroteuthis bartschi Rehder, 1945
•Loliolus affinis Steenstrup, 1856
•Loliolus noctiluca Lu, Roper, and Tait, 1985
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Family Loliginidae
Squids
Photololigo chinensis Photololigo duvaucelii Photololigo edulis Photololigo singhalensis
Mitre squid Indian squid Swordtip squid Longbarrel squid
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Family Loliginidae
Squids
Nipponololigo beka Nipponololilgo sumatrensis Loliolus affinis Loliolus noctiluca
Beka squid Kobi squid Steenstrup’s bay squid Luminous bay squid
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Family Loliginidae
Squids
Sepioteuthis lessoniana Uroteuthis bartschi
Bigfin reef squid Bartsch’s squid
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Family Octopodidae
Benthic octopus
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Family Octopodidae
Benthic octopus

Hapalochlaena lunulata – no fisheries value but extremely venomous while

Octopus aculeatus – only known in the Philippines
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END of LECTURE
 Module 7. Invertebrates

REVIEW GAME

-work as a group
-correctly identify the species shown and accumulate points!
 Module 7. Invertebrates

To which FAMILY do these invertebrates belong? (1 point)

1
 Module 5. Pelagic Fishes

Give the (a) Family, (b) Common English name, and (c)
Scientific name of the invertebrate shown (3 points)

2
 Module 5. Pelagic Fishes

Give the (a) Family, (b) Common English name, and (c)
Scientific name of the invertebrate shown (3 points)

3
 Module 7. Invertebrates

To which FAMILY do these invertebrates belong? (1 point)

4
 Module 5. Pelagic Fishes

Give the (a) Family, (b) Common English name, and (c)
Scientific name of the invertebrate shown (3 points)

5
 Module 5. Pelagic Fishes

Give the (a) Family, (b) Common English name, and (c)
Scientific name of the invertebrate shown (3 points)

6
 Module 7. Invertebrates

To which FAMILY do these invertebrates belong? (1 point)

7
 Module 5. Pelagic Fishes

Give the (a) Family, (b) Common English name, and (c)
Scientific name of the invertebrate shown (3 points)

8
 Module 7. Invertebrates

To which FAMILY do these invertebrates belong? (1 point)

9
 Module 7. Invertebrates

To which FAMILY do these invertebrates belong? (1 point)

10