IILI06130 TERMODYNAMICS HOMEWORK # 07 (Chapter 04)

Instructor: Dr. Sergio Cano Andrade (sergio.cano@ugto.mx)

Reference: Moran M.J. and Shapiro H.N., Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, West
Sussex, 3rd Ed., 1996

• 4.55. Refrigerant 134a enters a heat exchanger operating at steady state as a superheated vapor at 10 bars, 60◦ C, where
it is cooled and condensed to saturated liquid at 10 bars. The mass flow rate of the refrigerant is 10 kg/min. A separate
stream of air enters the heat exchanger at 37◦ C with a mass flow rate of 80 kg/min. Ignoring heat transfer from the outside
of the heat exchanger and neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the exit air temperature, in ◦ C.
• 4.58. Carbon dioxide gas is heated as it flows through a 2.5 cm-diameter pipe. At the inlet, the pressure is 2 bars, the
temperature is 300 K, and the velocity is 100 m/s. At the exit, the pressure and velocity are 0.9413 bar and 400 m/s,
respectively. The gas can be treated as an ideal gas with constant specific heat cp = 0.94 kJ/kgK. Neglecting potential
energy effects, determine the rate of heat transfer to the carbon dioxide, in kW.
• 4.60. The cooling oil of an air-conditioning system is a heat exchanger in which air passes over tubes through which
Refrigerant 22 flows. Air enters with a volumetric flow rate of 40 m3 /min at 27◦ C, 1.1 bars, and exits at 15◦ C, 1 bar.
Refrigerant enters the tubes at 7 bars with a quality of 16% and exits at 7 bars, 15◦ C. Ignoring heat transfer from the
outside of the heat exchanger and neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine at steady state
a) The mass flow rate of refrigerant, in kg/min.
b) The rate of energy transfer, kJ/min, from the air to the refrigerant.
• 4.63. As shown in Fig. P4.63 steam enters a de-superheater operating at steady state at 30 bars, 320◦ C, where it is
mixed with liquid water at 25 bars, 200◦ C to produce saturated vapor at 20 bars. Heat transfer between the device and its
surroundings and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. Determine the mass flow rate of liquid, in kg/h,
for a steam mass flow rate of 50,000 kg/h.
• 4.64. An open feedwater heater operates at steady state with liquid water entering at inlet 1 at 7 bars, 42◦ C, and a mass
flow rate of 70 kg/s. A separate stream of water enters at inlet 2 as a two-phase liquid-vapor mixture at 7 bars with a
quality of 98%. Saturated liquid at 7 bars exits the feedwater heater at 3. Ignoring heat transfer with the surroundings
and neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the mass flow rate, in kg/s, at inlet 2.
• 4.65. Figure P4.65 shows data for a portion of the ducting in a ventilation system operating at steady state. Air flows
through the ducts with negligible heat transfer with the surroundings, and the pressure is very nearly 1 atm throughout.
Determine the temperature of the air at the exit, in ◦ F, and the exit diameter, in ft.
• 4.66. Refrigerant 134a enters the expansion valve of a refrigeration system with a pressure of 1.2 MPa and exits at 0.24
MPa with a quality of x = 0.3 (30%). If the refrigerant undergoes a throttling process, what is the temperature, in ◦ C, of
the refrigerant entering the expansion valve?
• 4.67. Ammonia vapor enters a valve at 10 bars, 40◦ C, and leaves at 6 bars. If the refrigerant undergoes a throttling
process, what is the temperature of the ammonia leaving the valve, in ◦ C?
• 4.71. Steam flows at steady state through a well-insulated pressure-reducing valve. At the inlet, the pressure is 4 MPa,
the temperature is 320◦ C, and the velocity is 60 m/s. The pressure of the steam at the exit is 0.7 MPa. The inlet and
exit have equal diameters, and potential energy effect are negligible. Determine the specific enthalpy, in kJ/kg, and the
velocity, in m/s, at the exit of the valve.
• 4.74. Air is an ideal gas flows through the turbine and heat exchanger arrangement shown in Fig. P4.74. Data for the two
flow streams are shown on the figure. Heat transfer to the surroundings can be neglected, as can all kinetic and potential
energy effects. Determine temperature T3 , in K, and the power output of the second turbine, in kW, at steady state.
• 4.76. A residential heat pump system operating at steady state is shown schematically in Fig. P4.76. Refrigerant 134a
circulates through the components of the system, and property data at the numbered locations are given on the figure.
The mass flow rate of the refrigerant is 4.6 kg/min. Kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. Determine the
rates of heat transfer, in kJ/min,
a) From the refrigerant to the return air passing through the condenser.

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 b) Between the compressor and the surroundings.
c) From the outside air to the refrigerant passing through the evaporator.
• 4.77. Figure P4.77 shows a simple vapor power plant operating at steady state with water circulating through the com-
ponents. Relevant data at key locations are given on the figure. The mass flow rate of the water is 130 kg/s. Kinetic and
potential energy effects are negligible. Determine
a) The heat transfer rate to the steam passing through the steam generator, in kW.
b) The net power developed for adiabatic operation of the turbine and pump, in kW.
c) The mass flow rate of the cooling water passing through the condenser, in kg/s, if the cooling water experiences a
temperature rise of 15◦ C and a negligible pressure drop.
• 4.78. A simple gas turbine power plant operating at steady state is illustrated schematically in Fig.P4.78. The power plant
consists of an air compressor mounted on the same shaft as the turbine. Relevant data are given on the figure. Kinetic and
potential energy effects are negligible. Using the ideal gas model, determine for adiabatic operation of the compressor
and turbine
a) The work input to the compressor, in Btu per lb of air flowing.
b) The temperature at the turbine inlet, in ◦ R
c) The heat transfer rate, Q̇in , in Btu/s.
• 4.83. A well insulated rigid tank of volume 10 m3 is connected to a large steam line through which steam flows at 1.5
MPa and 280◦ C. The tank is initially evacuated. Steam is allowed to flow into the tank until the pressure inside is 1.5
MPa. Calculate the amount of mass that flows into the tank, in kg.
• 4.87. A tank of volume 1 m3 initially contains steam at 6 MPa and 320◦ C. Steam is withdrawn slowly from the tank until
the pressure drops to 1.5 MPa. Heat transfer to the tank contents maintains the temperature constant at 320◦ C. Neglecting
all kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the heat transfer, in kJ.

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