SHALOM PRESIDENCY SCHOOL

REVISION TOPIC: SUB: BIOLOGY CLASS: IX

WORKSHEET NO: 1 THE FUNDAMENTAL
Answers UNIT OF LIFE

Multiple choice Questions: Ans: (b) Self-digestion

6. What is the important function of nucleus?
1. Select the odd group from the following.
(a) Photosynthesis
(a) Chlamydomonas, Paramecium, bacteria
(b) Cellular reproduction
(b) Fungi, Plants, Animals
(c) Lipid synthesis
(c) Sperm, Neuron, Amoeba
(d) Protein synthesis
(d) Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow
Ans: (b) Cellular reproduction
Ans : (c) Sperm, Neuron, Amoeba
7. The diagram below shows a magnified
Cells like Amoeba have changing shapes
view of a particular part of a human cell.
whereas
Name the part labelled X.
nerve cells and sperms have definite shape.
(a) Ribosome
2. Plasma membrane is composed of
(b) Chromosome
(a) cellulose and lipids (c) Nucleoplasm
(b) lipids and proteins (d) Mitochondrion
(c) peptidoglycan and lipids Ans : (b) Chromosome
(d) cellulose and proteins
3. What is the meaning of “Omni’s Cellulae
Cellula”?
(a) All organisms are composed of cells.
(b) Cell is basic structural unit of an organism.
(c) Cells can produce more of themselves.
(d) Cells arise from the division of pre- 8. The transportation of materials in the cell
existing cell. is done by
Ans : (d) Cells arise from the division of pre- (a) Golgi complex
existing (b) lysosomes
cell. (c) mitochondria
4. A plant cell placed in a hypo-tonic solution (d) endoplamic reticulum
will not Ans: (d) endoplamic reticulum
burst because of presence of
(a) plasma membrane 9. Which labelled organelles helped a student
(b) cell wall to conclude that it is a plant cell?
(c) chloroplast
(d) cytoplasm
Ans : (b) cell wall
5. What is ‘autolysis’?
(a) Self-replication
(b) Self-digestion
(c) Self-food producers
(d) Food decomposer

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 15. Which structures can be found in all plant
and animal cells?
(a) Cell wall and nucleus
(b) Mitochondria and centrioles
(c) Cell membrane and centrioles
(d) Mitochondria and cell membrane
Ans: (d) Mitochondria and cell membrane
16. A cell loses water by osmosis when kept
(a) P and R only in a solution having a lower concentration of
(b) P and S only water than the cell.
(c) P, R and T only The given solution is
(d) P, R and U only (a) hyper-tonic
Ans : (d) P, R and U only (b) hypo-tonic
(c) isotonic
10. Largest number of cell bodies of neuron (d) dilute
in our body are found in: 17. Chemical nature of carrier molecules
(a) retina facilitating transport across plasma
(b) spinal cord membrane is:
(c) brain (a) starchy
(d) tongue (b) sugary
Ans : (c) brain (c) proteinaceous
11.X is a double membraned organelle that (d) fatty acidic
oxidizes food present in cell to release Ans : (c) proteinaceous
energy. X is 18. ER remains associated with:
(a) nucleus (a) dictyosomes
(b) endoplasmic reticulum (b) mitochondria
(c) mitochondrion (c) nuclear membrane
(d) chloroplast (d) chloroplast
12. What is the function of the central Ans : (c) nuclear membrane
vacuole in plants? 19. .......... in animals are the longest cells.
(a) Stores water and dissolved nutrients Ans : Nerve cells
(b) Carries out photosynthesis
(c) Releases energy from stored nutrients 20. .......... are clear spaces present in the
(d) Protects the genetic material of the cell cytoplasm enclosed by a membrane.
13. Amoeba acquires its food by the process Ans : Vacuoles
of
(a) exocytosis 21.The smallest human cell is (0.0075 mm)
(b) endocytosis ..........
(c) osmosis Ans : RBC
(d) diffusion
Ans: (b) endocytosis 22........... are protein factories.
14. In chloroplasts, light is captured by Ans : Ribosomes
(a) thylakoids within grana
(b) grana within cisternae 23. The single largest cell in the world is of an
(c) cisternae within grana ..........
(d) grana within thylakoids Ans : Ostrich egg
Ans : (a) thylakoids with in grana
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24. Genes are sub units of .......... The number and ribosomes. Name the autonomous
and type of which vary from species to organelles in the cell.
species. Ans : The cell organelles with their own DNA
Ans : Chromosomes and ribosomes are mitochondria and
In the following questions, a statement of plastids. Chloroplast and mitochondria are
assertion (A) is followed by a statement of the autonomous organelles in the cells.
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: 2.Name the autonomous organelles in the
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true cell.
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of Ans : Chloroplast and mitochondria are the
assertion (A). autonomous organelles in the cells.
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true 3.What is the energy currency of the cell?
but reason (R) is not the correct explanation Ans : ATP—Adenosine Triphosphate.
of assertion (A). 4.Name the cell organelle which helps in the
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. transportation of material.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is Ans : Endoplasmic reticulum.
true. 5. Why does mitochondria have largely
1. Assertion : A cell swells up when present in folded inner membrane?
a hypotonic solution. Ans : Mitochondria have largely folded inner
Reason : More water molecules enter the cell membrane which provides the increased
than they leave. surface area for ATP- generating chemical
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are reactions. Mitochondria is the site for cellular
true and reason (R) is the correct explanation respiration and provides energy to the
ofassertion (A). cell.
2. Assertion : A plant cell bursts if placed in 6.State two conditions required for osmosis.
water. Ans :
Reason : High turgor pressure causes (i) The difference in the concentration of
bursting of plant cells. water, one should have higher concentration
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) than the other.
is true. (ii) Semi-permeable membrane is also
3. Assertion : Mitochondria and chloroplasts required through which water will flow.
are semiautonomous organelles. 7. What is plasmolysis?
Reason : They are formed by division of pre- Ans :
existing organelles and contain DNA but lack When a living plant cell loses water through
protein synthesizing machinery. osmosis there is shrinkage or contraction of
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is the contents of the cell away from the cell
false. wall. This phenomenon is known as
4. Assertion : Plant cells have very large plasmolysis.
vacuoles. 8.All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Reason : In plant cells, vacuoles are full of cell Justify?
sap. Ans :
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are All organisms around are made up of one or
true and reason (R) is the correct explanation more cells. There are single cells organism
of assertion (A). called unicellular like amoeba whereas some
single body are made up of many cells called
1. Name the cell organelles that have their multicellular organism. Cells divide to
own DNA

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produce cells of their own kind. Hence, all (ii) It also stores, modifies and helps in the
cells come from pre-existing cells. packaging of products in vesicles.
9. What is the function of plastids? (iii) In some cases, complex sugars may be
Ans : made from simple sugars in it.
Plastids are present only in plant cells. There (iv) It also helps in the formation of
are two types of plastids chromoplasts lysosomes.
(coloured plastids) and leucoplasts (white or
colourless). 12. Give difference between diffusion and
Chromoplast : Consists of coloured pigments osmosis.
and given different colours to flowers, fruits Ans :
and leaves. Diffusion :
The green colour pigment present in leaf is 1. Diffusion can occur in any medium.
called chlorophyll which helps in the 2. The diffusing molecules may be solids,
photosynthesis and a plastid with chlorophyll liquids or gases.
is called chloroplast. 3. Semipermeable membrane is not required.
Leucoplast : It stores starch, oil and protein 4. An equilibrium in the free energy of
granules in it. diffusion molecules is achieved in the system.
10.How does amoeba obtain its food? Osmosis :
Ans : 1. It occurs only in liquid medium.
Amoeba take its food by the cell membrane 2. It involves movement of solvent molecules
which forms the food vacuole. only.
3. Semipermeable membrane is required.
4. Equilibrium in the free energy of solvent
molecules is never achieved.
13. What is membrane biogenesis?
Ans :
The endoplasmic reticulum helps in the
manufacture of proteins and fat molecules or
lipids which are important for the cell
function. These proteins and lipids helps in
the building of the cell membrane. This
process is known as membrane biogenesis.
14. What are the function of endoplasmic
reticulum and lysosome.
11.Explain the structure and function of Golgi
Ans :
bodies.
(a) Functions of endoplasmic reticulum :
Ans :
(i) It forms supporting skeletal framework of
Structures: Golgi bodies consist of a system
the cell.
of membrane-bound vesicles arranged in
(ii) ER provides a pathway for the distribution
stacks parallel to each other called cisterns.
of nuclear material from one cell to the
These membranes have connections with the
other.
membrane of endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
(b) Functions of lysosomes :
Functions :
(i) Lysosomes serve as intracellular digestive
(i) The material synthesized near the ER is
system. They destroy any foreign material
packaged and dispatched to various targets
which enters the cells such as bacteria and
inside and outside the cell through Golgi
virus.
apparatus.
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(ii) Lysosomes also remove the worn out and 2. Exosmosis : The movement of water out
poorly working cellular organelles by from a cell or a body through a
digesting them to make way for their new semipermeable membrane
replacements. is called exosmosis. This can be
1. (a)Name the organelle which provides demonstrated as follows :
turgidity and rigidity to the plant cell. Name (i) We place the swollen raisins (from above
any two substanceswhich are present in it. activity) into a beaker containing a
(b) How are they useful in unicellular concentrated solution of sugar or salt.
organisms? (ii) Observation: When swollen raisins are
Ans : placed in concentrated sugar or salt solution,
(a) Plant cells have big vacuoles that provide they shrink because the solution surrounding
them turgidity and rigidity. Plant vacuoles the raisins is having low water concentration.
store amino acids, sugars, various organic Thus, raisins loose water by osmosis, this
acids and some proteins. process is called exosmosis.
(b) In unicellular organism they can serve the
following works :
(i) Forming food vacuoles : In single celled
organisms like amoeba, the food vacuole
contains the food items that the amoeba
has engulfed. After that the food items are
digested by the enzymes.
(ii) Removal of excess water and wastes : In 3. How do lysosomes perform their function?
some unicellular organisms, vacuoles play Ans : Functions of lysosomes :
important roles in egesting excess water and (i) Extracellular digestion : Sometimes
some wastes from the cell. lysosome enzymes are released outside the
2.Describe an activity to demonstrate cell to break down extracellular material.
endosmosis and (ii) Destruction of foreign material :
exosmosis. Draw a diagram also. Lysosome also destroys any foreign material
Ans : which enters inside the cell such as bacteria.
1. Endosmosis : The movement of water in (iii) Cellular digestion : Enzymes are released
the cell or a body through a semipermeable in damaged cells, ageing cells or dead cells.
membrane is called endosmosis. It can be These enzymes digest their own cell.
demonstrated as follows : Lysosomes contain about 40 hydrolytic
(i) Take some raisins with stalks and put them enzymes.
in plain water in a beaker. Lysosomes burst and their enzymes digest
(ii) Observation: Raisins absorb water and their own cell when the cell gets damaged.
swell. So, lysosomes are called ‘suicide bags’.
Raisins have high concentration of sugar Foreign materials entering the cell, such as
than surrounding plain water. Because of bacteria or food, as well as dead old
this, water from the outside passing through organelles in the lysosomes break up into
semipermeable membrane enters into the small pieces.
cell. This is endosmosis.

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