BIOLOGY

CLASS - IX
 INDEX

Sl No Topic Page No
CHAPTER 5 CELL: FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE 03-09
CHAPTER 6 Tissues 10-16
CHAPTER 13 IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES 17-21

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 CLASS-9 CH- CELL: FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

SECTION A MCQ’S (ONE MARK EACH)

1. Cell theory was proposed by-

(a) Robert Brown (b) Robert Hook

(c) Schleiden and Schwann (d) Anton von Leeuwenhoek

2. Which of these is acellular?

(a) Viruses (b) Bacteria (c) Protozoans (d) Fungi

3. Select the correct pair that comprises of only unicellular organisms.

(a) Amoeba and Rhizopus

(b) Paramecium and Chlamydomonas

(c) Bacteria and fungi

(d) Plants and animals

4. Root hairs absorb water from soil by the process of

(a) plasmolysis (b) diffusion

(c) osmosis (d) endocytosis

5. Cell wall of plants is mainly composed of

(a) chitin (b) cellulose (c) lipids (d) lignin

6.What is the important function of nucleus?

(a) Photosynthesis (b) Cellular reproduction

(c) Lipid synthesis (d) Protein synthesis

7.An organism has poorly defined nuclear membrane in its cells. This organism could be a/an

(a) bacteria (b) animal (c) fungi (d) bird

8.The transportation of materials in the cell is done by

(a) Golgi complex (b) lysosomes

(c) mitochondria (d) endoplamic reticulum

9. ‘X’ is a double membraned organelle that oxidises food present in cell to release energy. X is-

(a) nucleus (b) endoplasmic reticulum

(c) mitochondrion (d) chloroplast

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10.Find the best definition of ‘vacuole’?

(a) A fluid filled structure surrounded by membrane.

(b) A thread like structure containing nuclear material.

(c) A jelly like substance which is present between nucleus and cell membrance.

(d) The basic structural units of an organism

11.Identify the organelle that exists only in plant cell but NOT in an animal cell?

(a) Centriole (b) Chloroplast

(c) Golgi apparatus (d) Ribosome

12. Amoeba acquires its food by the process of

(a) exocytosis (b) endocytosis (c) osmosis (d) diffusion

13.What are suicidal bags of a cell?

(a) Plastids (b) Mitochondria (c) Lysosomes (d) Ribosomes

14. Besides nucleus, DNA is also present in-

(a) Ribosome’s and Golgi apparatus

(b) Mitochondria and chloroplasts

(c) lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum

(d) Golgi complex and mitochondria

15.Chromosomes are composed of -

(a) DNA and protein (b) DNA and sugar

(c) sugar and protein (d) chromatin

16.Which of the following cell organelles can make complex sugars from simple sugars?

(a) Ribosomes (b) Lysosomes

(c) Endoplasmic reticulum (d) Golgi apparatus

17.A plant cell placed in a hypo-tonic solution will not burst because of presence of-

(a) plasma membrane (b) cell wall

(c) chloroplast (d) cytoplasm

18.Identify the organelle that exists only in an animal cell but NOT in a plantl cell?

(a) Centriole (b) Chloroplast

(c) Golgi apparatus (d) Ribosome

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19. Plasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as
(a) breakdown (lysis) of plasma membrane in hypotonic medium
(b) shrinkageof cytoplasm in hypertonic medium
(c) shrinkage of nucleoplasm
(d) none of them

20. Which cell organelle plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs in a cell?
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Vacuoles

SECTION :B ASSERTION-REASON TYPE QUESTIONS (ONE MARK EACH)

1. Assertion : A cell swells up when present in a hypotonic solution.

Reason : More water molecules enter the cell than they leave

2. Assertion : The endoplasmic reticulum which lacks ribosomes is called smooth endoplasmic
reticulum

Reason : SER is mainly involved in protein synthesis.

3. Assertion : Mitochondria and chloroplasts are semiautonomous organelles.

Reason : They are formed by division of pre-existing organelles and contain DNA but lack
protein synthesizing machinery

4. Assertion : Plasma membrane is selectively permeable.

Reason : Plasma membrane allows some molecules to pass through it more easily than
others

5. Assertion : Leucoplasts perform photosynthesis.

Reason : Chloroplasts store fats, starch and proteins

6. Assertion : Cell wall is a non-living part of the cell.

Reason : It offers protection, definite shape and support.

7. Assertion : A cell membrane shows fluid behaviour.

Reason : A membrane is a mosaic of lipids and PROTEINS.

8. Assertion : A plant cell bursts if placed in water.

Reason : High turgor pressure causes bursting of plant cells.

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 SECTION C: (VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS-2 MARKS EACH)

Answer the following:

Q1) Name the scientist:

a. Who discovered nucleus in the cell?

b. Who discovered cell?

Q2) Draw neat and labelled diagram of nerve cell (Neuron) Q3) Identify the single celled
organisms from the following: -Cockroach, snake, bacteria, Paramoecium

Q4) Differentiate between isotonic and hypotonic solution. Q5) How does an Amoeba
obtain its food?

Q6) Why is plasma membrane called a selectively membrane?

Q7) How do substances like CO2 and water move in and out of the cell?

Q8) Mention the role of-

a) ER in membrane biogenesis
b) Chromoplasts in flowers

Q9) Name the mode of cell division –

a) For gamete formation

b) For growth & repair

Q10) . Why does the skin of your finger shrink when you

wash clothes for a long time?

SECTION D:(SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS-3 MARKS EACH)

Q1) Name the 3 types of plastids & their role.

Q2) Identify the cell organelle-

a) Transporting channels of the cell _______

b) Power house of the cell ______
c) Packaging and dispatching unit of the cell _______
d) Digestive bag of the cell _______
e) Storage sacs of the cell _______
f) Kitchen of the cell _______

Q3) List the differences between-( one point each)

a) RER & SER

b) Mitosis & Meiosis
c) Mitochondria & plastids

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Q4) Answer the following:

(a) what determines the function and development of the cell

(b) what packages materials coming from the endoplasmic reticulum

(c)what provides resistance to microbes to withstand hypotonic external media without

bursting.

Q5) What are chromosomes? Where are they found & what’s their role?

SECTION E-LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS-FIVE MARKS EACH)

Q1) Draw a plant cell and label the parts which

(a) determines the function and development of the cell

(b) packages materials coming from the endoplasmic reticulum

(c) provides resistance to microbes to withstand hypotonic external media without bursting

(d) is site for many biochemical reactions necessary to sustain life.

(e) is a fluid contained inside the nucleus

Q2) Draw a well labelled diagram of an eukaryotic nucleus. How is it different from nucleoid?

Q3). Differentiate between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. How is endoplasmic
reticulum important for membrane biogenesis?

Q4). In brief state what happens when –

(a) dry apricots are left for sometime in pure water and later transferred to sugar solution?

(b) a Red Blood Cell is kept in concentrated saline solution?

(c) the Plasma-membrane of a cell breaks down?

(d) rheo leaves are boiled in water first and then a drop of sugar syrup is put on it?

(e) golgi apparatus is removed from the cell?

Q5) If cells of onion peel and RBC are separately kept in isotonic,hypotonic solution & hypertonic
solutions. what will happen to the cells? Explain giving reasons.

SECTION F-CASE BASED QUESTION( 4 MARKS EACH)

CASE-1

Every cell has a membrane around it to keep its own contents separate from the external
environment. Large and complex cells, including cells from multicellular organisms, need a lot of
chemical activities to support their complicated structure and function. To keep these activities of
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different kinds separate from each other, these cells use membrane-bound little structures within
themselves. The cytoplasm is the jelly like fluid content inside the plasma membrane which
contains many specialised cell organelles. Such as Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi apparatus,
Lysosomes, Ribosomes, Nucleus, Chloroplast, Mitochondria and Plastids.Each of these
organelles performs a specific function for the cell. Some of these organelles are visible only with
an electron microscope. They are important because they carry out some very crucial functions in
cells.

(1) Identify the statement which is true for cells.

Statement 1 – Some cell organelles are visible only with an electron microscope.

Statement 2 – Cytoplasm is jelly like fluid present inside the cell.

Statement 3 – Cell organelles perform all the functions in cell.

Statement 4 – Every cell has a membrane around it to keep its own contents separate from the
external environment.

(a) Statement 1 & 3

(b) Statement 2 & 4

(c) Statement 1 & 4

(d) All statement are true.

(2) A suitable term for the various components of cells is ________

(a) tissue

(b) cell organelles

(c) chromosomes

(d) genes

(3) The jelly-like fluid substance present in cells is called __________

(a) Protoplasm

(b) Chromosome

(c) Chloroplast

(d) Cytoplasm

(4) a)What is cell organelles?

b) Enlist the any four cell organelles.

CASE-2
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The Golgi apparatus, first described by Camilo Golgi, consists of a system of membrane-bound
vesicles (flattened sacs) arranged approximately parallel to each other in stacks called cisterns.
These membranes often have connections with the membranes of ER and therefore constitute
another portion of a complex cellular membrane system. The material synthesised near the ER is
packaged and dispatched to various targets inside and outside the cell through the Golgi
apparatus. Its functions include the storage, modification and packaging of products in vesicles. In
some cases, complex sugars may be made from simple sugars in the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi
apparatus is also involved in the formation of lysosomes

(1) Who discovered endoplasmic reticulum?

(a) Porter and Thompson

(b) Robert Brown

(c) Robert Hooke

(d) Camilo Golgi

(2) A system of membrane-bound flattened sacs arranged approximately parallel to each other in
stacks are called as _________

(a) Cisterns

(b)Vesicles

(c) Golgi complex

(d) Vacuoles

(3) Membrane bound flattened sacs is termed as _________

(a) Cisterns

(b) Vesicles

(c) Golgi complex

(d) Vacuoles

(4a) Enlist the function of Golgi apparatus.

(4b) Name the cell organelles which is involved in the formation of lysosomes?

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 Tissues
I Section A (Multiple Choice Question) (1 mark each)
A Tissue is a group of similar kind of cells specialized to perform a particular
function in the body. Therefore presence of tissues in a multicellular organism
ensures:
a. Faster development
b. Division of labour
c. Higher reproductive potential
d. Body strength
B Intercalary meristem is associated with elongation of
a. Stems
b. Roots
c. Leaves
d. Leaves and internodes
C Cuboidal ciliated epithelium is found in
a. Urinary tubules
b. Fallopian tubes
c. Bronchioles
d. All of above
D If the tip of the sugarcane plant is removed from the field, even then it keeps on
growing in length. It is due to the presence of:

a. Cambium

b. Apical meristem

c.Lateral meristem

d. Intercalary meristem

E The tissue responsible for providing support and mechanical strength to

plants is:
a. Epithelial tissue
b. Meristematic tissue
c Connective tissue
d.Parenchyma tissue
F Xylem is the specialized tissue of the plants that transports water and nutrients
from the soil to the upper parts like stems and leaves of plant and provides
mechanical support to them. It is composed of four different types of the cells.
Which of the following is not one a type of cell found in xylem tissues?

a .Tracheids

b.Vessels

c.Xylem parenchyma

d .Sieve tubes
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G The tissue responsible for covering the body surfaces and lining body
 cavities is:
a. Epithelial tissue
b..Nervous tissue
c. Muscular tissue
d.Connective tissue
H . Cork cells possess ————- on their walls.
a. Chitin
b. Suberin
c. a & b
d. None of these
I The tissue responsible for providing insulation and storing energy in
animals is:
a. Adipose tissue
b. Nervous tissue
c. Blood tissue
d. Muscle tissue
J Water hyacinth floats on water surface because of
a. Parenchyma
b. Chlorenchyma
c. Aerenchyma
d. Collenchyma
K Light and dark bands are visible in:
a. cardiac muscle
b. smooth muscles
c .striated muscles
d. unstriated muscles
L What material comprises the husk of a coconut?
a Xylem
b Phloem
c.Sclerenchyma
d. Collenchyma
M Sprain is caused due to excessive pulling of
a. Bone
b. Ligaments
c. Tendons
d. Joints
N What is the main function of collenchyma tissue?
a. Support
b Nutrient storage
c Conduction of water and nutrients
d. Photosynthesis
O Cartilaginous tissue of the body contains following cells
a. Mast cells
b. Basophils
c. Osteocytes
d. Chondrocytes
P What is the function of meristematic tissue in plants?
a .Photosynthesis
b Growth and repair
c. Water and nutrient transport
d Storage of carbohydrates
Q Muscular tissue is specialized for:
a Absorption of nutrients

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 b.Transport of oxygen
c.Contraction and movement
d.Coordination and control
R While doing work and running, you move your organs like hands, legs, etc.
Which among the following is correct?

a. Smooth muscles contract and pull the ligament to move the bones

b Smooth muscles contract and pull the tendons to move the bones

c. Skeletal muscles contract and pull the ligament to move the bones

d Skeletal muscles contract and pull the tendon to move the bones

S In a test of biology a figure of smooth muscle labeled as A, B, C and D for

different parts of the muscles. Four students P, Q, R and S in a way to attempt
the question named the four parts as given below. But only one student could
name all the four parts correctly.

Which of the following options is the answer written by that student?

a. A – Intercalated disc; B – Sarcoplasm; C – Branched fibres; D – Nucleus

b. A – Intercalated disc; B – Branched fibres; C – Sarcoplasm; D – Nucleus

c. A – Branched fibres; B – Intercalated disc; C – Sarcoplasm; D – Nucleus

d. A – Branched fibres; B – Sarcoplasm; C – Intercalated disc; D – Nucleus

T Epithelial tissue always has an exposed outer surface and an inner surface

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 anchored to connective tissue by a thin, non- cellular structure called the

a. Nonstratified layer

b. Stratified layer

c. Basement membrane

d. Fibroblast

II Section B (Assertion Reasoning (class 8)/ Match the Following / Diagram

Identification )(1 mark each)
DIRECTION: In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion is
given and acorresponding statement of Reason is given just below it. Of the
statements, given below,mark the correct answer as:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation
of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true
.(e) Both Assertion and Reason are false
A .
.Assertion: A simple tissue is made of only one type of cells.
Reason: Various simple tissues in plants are
parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.

B Assertion: Meristematic tissues constitute the major portion of the plant body
.Reason: Meristematic tissues consist of differentiated cells
C Assertion: Surface of skin is impervious to water
.Reason: Surface of skin is covered by stratified cuboidal epithelium
D . Assertion: Vascular or conductive tissue is a distinctive feature of complex
plants.
Reason: Vascular tissue has made survival of complex plants possible in
terrestrial environment
E Assertion: The inner lining of intestine has tall epithelial cells
.Reason: Columnar epithelium facilitates absorption and secretion.
F . Assertion: Ciliated epithelium helps in movement of particles.
Reason: Cilia help in movement
G . Assertion: Vessel and sieve tube both are meant for transport purposes
.Reason: Vessels are lignified
H Assertion: Most of plant tissues are dead
.Reason: Due to sedentary existence of plants, dead cells provide mechanical
strength more easily than live ones and need less maintenance
III Section C (Very Short Answer Question)(2 Marks Each)
A If a potted plant is covered with a glass jar, water vapours appear on the wall of
glass jar. Explain why?

B Differentiate between voluntary and involuntary muscles. Give one example of

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 each type.
C How muscle cells ensure movement?
D What happens to the cells formed by meristematic tissue?
E What is epidermis? What is its role?
F The root tips of a plant were cut and the plant was replanted. What will happen
to the plant and why?
G Why are plants and animals made of different types of tissue?
H What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
I a) Uma started walking fast when she noticed that some unknown faces are
following her. Name the type of tissues which facilitated the movement of her leg
bones in response to the stimulus.
J State the difference between the outer layer of the tissue of a branch of a tree
and the outer layer of a young tree stem
IV Section C (Short Answer Question) (3 Marks Each)
A Name the different components of xylem and draw well labeled diagram of a
living component.

B It is a liquid connective tissue’-

a) What is it’s name?
b) How many different types of cells does it have?
c) What is the special name of it’s matrix?
C Name any two parts of our body where areolar tissue is found. Wirte its two
functions.
D Describe the structure and function of stomata.
E Give reasons:
(a) Intercellular spaces are absent in sclerenchymatous tissues..
(b) Branches of a tree move and bend freely in high wind velocity.
(c) It is difficult to pull out the husk of a coconut tree.
V Section D (Long Answer Question) (5 Marks Each)
A Write the function and location of the following epithelial tissue:
a) Stratified squamous epithelium
b) Ciliated columner epithelium
c) Glandular epithelium
d) Squamous epithelium
e) Cuboidal epithelium
B

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 a) What type of tissue is this?
b) Where is it situated?
c) Why this tissue is important?
d) What will you find in this tissue?
C (a) Analyse the reason behind the following statements:
(i) Epidermis is thicker in desert plants though it is usually single layered.
(ii) Presence of waxy layer (secreted by epidermis) on the outer surface of
plants.
(b) Discuss the cell arrangement which supports the fact that epidermis is a
protective tissue.

D (a) Give reason for the following:

(i) The cells of meristematic tissue have dense cytoplasm, thin walls and
prominent nuclei.
(ii) Vacuoles are absent in the cells of this tissue.
(b) Identify the type of meristem present in the following:
(i) At the base of leaves.
(ii) Girth of stem increase due to this.
(iii) Increase the length of the stem.
E What is a nervous tissue? Give its functions. Explain the structure of a neuron
with a diagram.
VI Section E (Case Based Question) (4 Marks Each)
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follows:
A The cells of connective tissue are loosely spaced and embedded in an
intercellular matrix. The matrix may be jelly like, fluid, dense or rigid. The nature
of matrix differs in concordance with the function of the particular connective
tissue.

(1) A connective tissue

(a) Has no matrix
(b) Covers the skin

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 (c) Has abundant matrix
(d) None of these
(2) Areolar connective tissue is found between
(a) Skin and muscles
(b) Blood vessels and nerves
(c) Both a & b
(d) None of these
(3) Two bones are connected to each other by another type of connective
tissue called__
(a) Ligament
(b) Cartilage
(c) Bone marrow
(d) Blood
(4) What are the function of connective tissue?

B A few layers of cells beneath the epidermis are generally simple permanent
tissue. Parenchyma is the most common simple permanent tissue. It consists of
relatively unspecialized cells with thin cell walls. They are living cells.
Collenchyma allows bending of various parts of the plant-like tendrils and stems
of climbers without breaking. Sclerenchyma tissue makes the plant hard and
stiff. We have seen the husk of a coconut. It is made of sclerenchymatous
tissue. They are long and narrow as the walls are thickened due to lignin. The
tissue is present in stems, around vascular bundles, in the veins of leaves and in
the hard covering of seeds and nuts.
1. The flexibility in plants is due to
a.collenchyma
b.parenchyma
c.chlorenchyma
d.aerenchyma

2.Function of aerenchyma:
a.It performs photosynthesis
b.It helps the aquatic plant to float
c.It provides mechanical support
d.none of these

3.Which of the following tissues has dead cells?

a Parenchyma
b.Sclerenchyma
c.Collenchyma
d.Epithelial tissue

4.Which of the following statement is incorrect

i.Parenchyma tissues have intercellular spaces.
ii.Collenchymatous tissues are irregularly thickened at corners.
iii.Apical and intercalary meristems are permanent tissues.
iv.Meristematic tissues, in its early stage, lack vacuoles, muscles
a (I) and (II)
b.(II) and (III)
c.(III) and (I)
d.Only (III)

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 CHAPTER- 13
IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Which one is an oil yielding plant among the following?
(a) Lentil
(b) Sunflower
(c) Cauliflower
(d) Hibiscus
2. Which one is not a source of carbohydrate?
(a) Rice
(b) Millets
(c) Sorghum
(d) Gram
3. Find out the wrong statement from the following.
(a) White revolution is meant for increase in milk production
(b) Blue revolution is meant for increase in fish production
(c) Increasing food production without compromising with environmental
quality is called as sustainable agriculture
(d) None of the above
4. To solve the food problems of the country, which among the following is
necessary?
(a) Increased production and storage of food grains
(b) Easy access of people to the food grains
(c) People should have money to purchase the grains
(d) All of the above
5. Find out the correct statement
(i) Hybridisation means crossing between genetically dissimilar plants
(ii) Cross between two varieties is called as inter specific hybridisation
(iii) Introducing genes of desired character into a plant gives genetically
modified crop
(iv) Cross between plants of two species is called as inter varietal
hybridisation
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
6. Weeds affect the crop plants by
(a) Killing of plants in fields before they grow
(b) Dominating the plants to grow
(c) Competing for various resources of crops (plants) causing low availability
of nutrients
(d) All of the above.
7. Which one of the following species of honey bee is an Italian species?
(a) Apis dorsata
(b) Apis florae
(c) Apis cerana indica
(d) Apis mellifera
8. Find out the correct sentence about manure
(i) Manure contains large quantities of organic matter and small quantities of
nutrients.
(ii) It increases the water holding capacity of sandy soil.
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 (iii) It helps in draining out of excess of water from clayey soil.
(iv) Its excessive use pollutes environment because it is made of animal
excretory waste.
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)

9. Cattle husbandry is done for the following purposes

(i) Milk Production
(ii) Agricultural work
(iii) Meat production
(iv) Egg production
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
10. Which of the following are Indian cattle?
(i) Bos indicus
(ii) Bos domestica
(iii) Bos bubalis
(iv) Bos vulgaris
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
11. Which of the following are exotic breeds?
(i) Brawn
(ii) Jersey
(iii) Brown Swiss
(iv) Jersey Swiss
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
12. Poultry farming is undertaken to raise the following
(i) Egg production
(ii) Feather production
(iii) Chicken meat
(iv) Milk production
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
13. Poultry fowl are susceptible to the following pathogens
(a) Viruses
(b) Bacteria
(c) Fungi
(d) All of the above
14. Which one of the following fishes is a surface feeder?
(a) Rohus
(b) Mrigal
(c) Common carps

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 (d) Catla
15. Animal husbandry is the scientific management of
(i) animal breeding
(ii) culture of animals
(iii) animal livestock
(iv) rearing of animals
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)

16. Which one of the following nutrients is not available as fertilizers?

(a) Nitrogen
(b) Phosphorus
(c) Iron
(d) Potassium
17. Preventive and control measures adopted for the storage of grains
include
(a) Strict cleaning
(b) Proper disjoining
(c) Fumigation
(d) All of the above
18. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are examples of
(a). Micro-nutrients
(b). Macro-nutrients
(c). Fertilizers
(d). Both I and II
19. The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) designed and implemented
the world’s largest dairy development programme, called “Operation Flood”,
which came out to be the reason behind White Revolution in India. Can you
name the man who is known as the Father of White Revolution?
(a) Dr. G Nammalvar
(b) Abdul Rashid
(c) Dr. Jagadish Chandra Bose
(d) Dr. V. Kurien
20. There are present numerous exotic breeds of poultry which have been
successfully acclimatized in India. One of the most popular exotic breeds of fowl
in India, which produces long white eggs, has a very small body size, so needs
less feed for its maintenance. Choose the right name for the breed with all these
characteristics.
(a) Rhode Island Red
(b) White Leghorn
(c) Light Sussex
(d) Black Minorcha
Assertion and reasoning Questions
a) Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
b) Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

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 d) Assertion and Reason are false.
1. Assertion: Cattle husbandry is done for milk production, meat production and
for daily products.
Reason: Cattles are reared with nutritious food and fodder crops to produce
quality products.

2. Assertion: Green Revolution is the revolution to grow more crops.

Reason: Green revolution does not support sustainable farming.

3. Assertion: Inter cropping prevents pests.

Reason: Plant pests can be controlled biologically by their natural parasites and
pathogens.

4. Assertion: Blue Revolution is a step taken for the increase in the production of
fisheries.
Reason: Blue revolution also indicates the revolution against oil production.

5. Assertion: Crops such as gram, peas, kidney peas are source for
carbohydrates.
Reason: We obtain proteins from rice.

6.. Assertion: Presence of weeds affects the crop field.

Reason: Weeds compete for food, space, and light

7. Assertion: Layers are given more of vitamin A and K.

Reason: Layers are raised for eggs.

8.. Assertion: Crop rotation is the practice of growing two or more varieties of
crops in the same region in sequential seasons.
Reason: Cauliflower and chilli plants grown together in alternating rows are
examples of crop rotation.

2 marks questions
1. 1 If there is low rainfall in a village throughout the year, what measures will
you suggest to the farmers for better cropping?
2. What is a GM crop? Name any one such crop which is grown in India.
3. List out some useful traits in improved crops?
4. Define the term hybridization and photoperiod.
5. Differentiate between compost and vermicompost?
6. An Italian bee variety A mellifera has been introduced in India for honey
production. Write about its merits over other varieties.
7. In agricultural practices, higher input gives higher yield. Discuss how?
8. What are the advantages of composite fish culture?
9. What are the desirable characters of bee varieties suitable for honey
production?
10. What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production?
3 marks questions
1. What is “green manuring”? List any two commonly used green manure crops
and name two 3 macronutrients provided by green manure.
2. Why is irrigation important for crops? Describe in brief any four different kinds
of irrigation systems adopted to supply water to agricultural lands.

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 3. Which variety of bee is advantageous – Apis cerena indica or Apis mellifera
and Why? (b) What is pasturage? How is it related to honey production?
4.How are cultivation practices and crop yield related to weather? Describe any
three factors for which variety improvement is done.
5. Describe any two irrigation systems adopted in India to supply water to
agricultural lands. (b) Write two advantages of building check dams.
5 marks questions
1. What is lactation period? Name two breeds of cattle which are selected for
their long lactation period. Why are they crossed with local breeds? (b) What are
roughage and concentrates?
2. Define animal husbandry. List any three basic aspects covered by animal
husbandry? (b) Mention any two basic requirements of shelter facilities for
animals so that their health is not affected? (c) Give two examples of Exotic
breeds of cows which is selected for long lactation period.
3. Mention the two ways of obtaining fish. (b) Explain composite fish culture
system with the help of an example. (c) Mention the major problem in fish
farming. How can this problem be overcome?
4. List the different ways in which biotic and abiotic factors affect stored food
grains? (b) What preventive and controlling measures need to be taken before
and after storing the grains?
5. A farmer found that xanthium and parthenium are also growing along with
paddy in the field? What are such plants called? How the presence of these
plants affects the crop yield? (b) List any four methods for controlling and
preventing the growth of such plants?

Case study :1
Milk production depends on the duration of the lactation period, meaning the
period of milk
production after the birth of a calf. So, milk production can be increased by
increasing the lactation
period. Proper cleaning and shelter facilities for cows and buffaloes are required
for humane farming,
for the health of the animals and for production of clean milk as well. The food
requirements of dairy
animals are of two types. Cattle suffer from a number of diseases. The diseases,
besides causing
death, reduce milk production. The external parasites live on the skin and mainly
cause skin diseases.
The internal parasites like worms, affect stomach and intestine while flukes
damage the liver.

a. What are the food requirements of dairy animals?

b. How can you increase the milk production after the birth of a calf in cattle
husbandry?
c. Animal feed includes roughage and concentrates differentiate between the
two.
d. Name two exotic breeds of cattle.

Case study :2
Popular marine fish varieties include pamphlet, mackerel, tuna, sardines, and
Bombay duck. Marine fish are caught using many kinds of fishing nets from

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 fishing boats. Some marine fish of high economic value are farmed in seawater.
This includes finned fishes like mullets, bhetki, and pearl spots, shellfish such as
prawns’ mussels and oysters as well as seaweed. Oysters are also cultivated for
the pearls they make. As marine fish stocks get further depleted, the demand for
more fish can only be met by such culture fisheries, a practice called mariculture.
Fresh water resources include canals, ponds, reservoirs and rivers. Brackish
water resources, where seawater and fresh water mix together. Most fish
production from these resources is through aquaculture

a. List one difference between the integrated and composite fish culture.
b. Give the two methods by which the fisherman locates the large schools of
fish.
c. Name one marine and one fresh water prawns.
d. Mention the method used by the farmers to overcome the availability of good
quality seeds for fish culture.

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