Scribd
Upload
12 views23 pages

Phy WK 4

for ss1

Uploaded by

geogrjonathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views23 pages

Phy WK 4

for ss1

Uploaded by

geogrjonathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

CIRCULAR MOTION

UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION


Rotation along a circle,
circular path, or circular
orbit

Can be uniform or non-


uniform

• When an object is
moving in a circle and
its speed is constant
• Recall that speed is the
magnitude of velocity
VELOCITY and ACCELERATION
• The direction of the
object’s velocity is
always tangent to the
circle
• The direction of the
motion is always
changing
• The object is always
ACCELERATING
VELOCITY and ACCELERATION
• As an object moves
from point A to point B, v2
v1
its velocity changes B
A
from v1 to v2
• The direction of the
acceleration is the same
as the direction of the
change in velocity v2
(∆v=v2- v1) -v1
∆v
Examples of Circular motion

• Hard Drive
• CD Player
• DVD
• Record player
• Merry go round
• Sling-shot
• Bucket on a rope
• Orbiting planet
• Swinging Christmas
tree lights
Circular Motion
Rotational Speed: Revolutions per second
Tangential Speed: Total distance per second
Same Rotational Speed
Different Tangential Speeds
mv 2 mv 2
f  uFN 
r r
Important facts:
• An object traveling in
a circle has linear, and
rotational speed.
• Linear speed is
measured in m/s
• Rotational speed is Linear Speed
measured in cycles
per second.
(frequency)
CENTRIPETAL ACCELERATION
• The acceleration vector
points directly towards
the centre of the circle
• “Centre-seeking” or
CENTRIPETAL
ACCELERATION (ac)
• ac = v2/r
• DEFINITION OF TERMS USED IN CIRCULAR
MOTION.
• 1. Angular velocity (ω): The ratio of the angle turned through to
the elapsed time.
CENTRIPETAL FORCE
• The force causing
centripetal acceleration
always points towards the
centre of the circular path
• It is not a “type of force”
like friction or gravity
• It is a force that is
required for an object to
travel in a circular path
CENTRIPETAL FORCE
• Centripetal force can be
supplied by any type of
force.
– Gravity provides the
centripetal force that keeps
the moon in roughly a circular
orbit
– Friction provides the
centripetal force that causes
a car to move in a circular
path on a flat road
– Tension in a string tied to a
ball will cause the ball to
move in a circular path when
you twirl it.

• Fc= mv2
r
Differentiate between centripetal and
centrifugal force.
A 95-kg halfback makes a turn on the football field. The
halfback sweeps out a path which is a portion of a circle with
a radius of 12 m. The halfback makes a quarter of a turn
around the circle in 2 s. Determine the speed, acceleration
and net force acting upon the halfback.
d along the path
Speed
s
t
d circumference  (diameter )  (24m)
v     9.42m / s
t t t 8s

v 2 (9.42m / s ) 2
a   7.4m / s 2
r 12m

mv 2
FC   (95kg )(7.4m / s )  702 N
2

r
A 900-kg car moving at 10 m/s takes a turn around
a circle with a radius of 25.0 m. Determine the
acceleration and the net force acting upon the car.

1. a = (v2)/R
a = (10.0 m/s)2/(25.0 m)
a = (100 m2/s2)/(25.0 m)
a = 4 m/s2

2. F = ma = (900 kg) x (4 m/s2)


F = 3600 N
• More examples
1. A stone tied to a string is made to revolve in a horizontal circle of radius 4m
with an angular speed of 2 rad/s. With what is tangential velocity will the stone
move off the circle if the string cuts?
• Explain the following terms (i) Angular velocity (ii) Tangential velocity
• (iii) centripetal acceleration
• 2. A body of mass 10kg is attached to the end of an inelastic thread and
whirled round in a
• circular path of radius 0.3m, if the body makes a complete revolution in 3
sec find
• a. Angular velocity
• b. linear velocity
• c. centripetal acceleration
• d. centripetal force
• e. centrifugal force
•
Assignment
1. Explain the fact that a particle moving along a circular path
with uniform speed has an
acceleration.
3. An object of mass 0.50kg at the end of an inelastic string is
whirled in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0m with a constant speed
of 10m/s. Determine its angular velocity.
4. A particle moves in a circular orbit of radius 0.02m, Determine
its frequency if its speed is
0.88m/s.
5. A beam of electrons travelling at 1.0 x 108m/s is caused to
describe a circular arc of radius
0.40m by the application of a magnetic field perpendicular to
its path. Determine the
acceleration of each electron.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy