B.Sc.

PHYSICS SYLLABUS UNDER CBCS SCHEME

SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION
(Revised and effective from academic year 2019-2020)

Instructions
Semester Paper [ Theory and Practical ] Marks Credits
Hrs/week

Paper – I : Mechanics & Oscillations 4 100 4

I
Practicals – I : Mechanics & Oscillations 3 50 1
Paper – II: Thermal Physics 4 100 4
II
Practicals – II : Thermal Physics 3 50 1
Paper – III : Electromagnetic Theory 4 100 4
III
Practicals – III : Electromagnetic Theory 3 50 1

Paper – IV : Waves & Optics 4 100 4

IV
Practicals – IV :Waves & Optics 3 50 1
Paper –V
Elective I: Modern Physics 4 100 4
(OR)
Elective II: Computational Physics
Practicals – V
V Elective I : Modern Physics 3 50 1
(OR)
Elective II : Computational Physics
Paper – VI
Elective I : Electronics
4 100 4
(OR)
Elective II : Applied Optics
Practicals – VI
VI
Elective I : Electronics
3 50 1
(OR)
Elective II : Applied Optics

Total credits: 30

Skill Enhancement Courses (SEC):

1. Experimental methods and Errors analysis
2. Electrical circuits and Networking
3. Basic Instrumentation
4. Biomedical Instrumentation
5. Digital Electronics

 Generic Elective (GE): Renewable Energy Resources

 Project work / Optional Paper (Nano Science)
 B.Sc. (Physics)- I Year
Semester – I
Paper – I: Mechanics and Oscillations
(DSC - Compulsory)

Unit – I
Vector Analysis (10)
Scalar and Vector fields, Gradient of a Scalar field and its physical significance. Divergence and
Curl of a Vector field and related problems. Vector integration, line, surface and volume integrals.
Stokes’, Gauss’s and Green’s theorems- simple applications.

Unit – II
Mechanics of Particles (6)
Laws of motion, motion of variable mass system, motion of a rocket, multi-stage rocket,
conservation of energy and momentum. Collisions in two and three dimensions, concept of impact
parameter, scattering cross-section.

Mechanics of Rigid Bodies (6)

Definition of Rigid body, rotational kinematic relations, equation of motion for a rotating body,
angular momentum and inertial tensor. Euler’s equation, precession of a top, Gyroscope.

Unit – III
Central Forces (7)
Central forces – definition and examples, conservative nature of central forces, conservative force as
a negative gradient of potential energy, equation of motion under a central force, gravitational
potential and gravitational field, motion under inverse square law, derivation of Kepler’s laws.
Special theory of Relativity (7)
Galilean relativity, absolute frames, Michelson-Morley experiment, Postulates of special theory of
relativity. Lorentz transformation, time dilation, length contraction, addition of velocities, mass-
energy relation. Concept of four vector formalism.

Unit – IV
Oscillations(12)
Simple harmonic oscillator, and solution of the differential equation– Physical characteristics of
SHM, torsion pendulum measurements of rigidity modulus, compound pendulum, measurement of
g, combination of two mutually perpendicular simple harmonic vibrations of same frequency and
different frequencies, Lissajous figures.
Damped harmonic oscillator, solution of the differential equation of damped oscillator. Energy
considerations, logarithmic decrement, relaxation time, quality factor, differential equation of
forced oscillator and its solution, amplitude resonance, velocity resonance.

Note: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.
Reference books:

1. Berkeley Physics Course. Vol.1, Mechanics by C. Kittel, W. Knight, M.A. Ruderman -

Tata-McGraw hill Company Edition 2008.
2. Fundamentals of Physics. Halliday/Resnick/Walker Wiley India Edition 2007.
3. First Year Physics - Telugu Academy.
4. Introduction to Physics for Scientists and Engineers. F.J. Ruche. McGraw Hill.
5. Sears and Zemansky’s University Physics by Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Pearson Education Eleventh Edition.
6. Theory of relativity - Resnick

7. Fundamentals of Physics by Alan Giambattista et al Tata-McGraw Hill Company Edition,

2008.
8. University Physics by Young and Freeman, Pearson Education, Edition 2005.
9. An introduction to Mechanics by Daniel Kleppner& Robert Kolenkow. The McGraw Hill
Companies.
10. Mechanics. Hans &Puri. TMH Publications.
 B.Sc. (Physics) – I year
Semester - I
Paper – I: Mechanics and Oscillations Practicals
(DSC - Compulsory)

1. Measurement of errors –simple Pendulum.

2. Calculation of slope and intercept of a Y= mX +C graph by theoretical method (simple
pendulum experiment)
3. Study of a compound pendulum- determination of ‘g’ and ‘k’.
4. Y by uniform Bending
5. Y by Non-uniform Bending.
6. Moment of Inertia of a fly wheel.
7. Rigidity moduli by torsion Pendulum.
8. Determine surface tension of a liquid through capillary rise method.
9. Determination of Surface Tension of a liquid by any other method.
10. Determine of Viscosity of a fluid.
11. Observation of Lissajous figures from CRO-Frequency ratio.Amlitude and phase difference of
two waves.
12. Study of oscillations of a mass under different combination of springs-Series and parallel
13. Study of Oscillations under Bifilar suspension-Verification of axis theorems

Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed. Maximum of 15 students per batch and
maximum of three students per experiment should be allotted in the regular practical class of three
hours per week.

Reference books:

1. D.P. Khandelwal, “A laboratory manual for undergraduate classes” (Vani

Publishing House, New Delhi).
2. S.P. Singh, “Advanced Practical Physics” (Pragati Prakashan, Meerut).
3. Worsnop and Flint- Advanced Practical physics for students.
4. “Practical Physics” R.K Shukla, Anchal Srivastava.
 B.Sc. (Physics)- I Year
Semester – II
Paper – II: Thermal Physics
(DSC - Compulsory)

Unit – I
Kinetic theory of gases: (4)
Introduction – Deduction of Maxwell’s law of distribution of molecular speeds, Transport Phenomena –
Viscosity of gases – thermal conductivity – diffusion of gases.
Thermodynamics: (8)
Basics of Thermodynamics- Carnot’s engine (qualitative)-Carnot’s theorem -Kelvin’s and Clausius
statements – Thermodynamic scale of temperature – Entropy, physical significance – Change in entropy
in reversible and irreversible processes – Entropy and disorder – Entropy of universe – Temperature-
Entropy (T-S) diagram – Change of entropy of a perfect gas-change of entropy when ice changes into
steam.

Unit – II
Thermodynamic potentials and Maxwell’s equations: (6)
Thermodynamic potentials – Derivation of Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations – Clausius-Clayperon’s
equation – Derivation for ratio of specific heats – Derivation for difference of two specific heats for
perfect gas. Joule Kelvin effect – expression for Joule Kelvin coefficient for perfect and Vanderwaal’s
gas.
Low temperature Physics: (6)
Joule Kelvin effect – liquefaction of gas using porous plug experiment. Joule expansion – Distinction
between adiabatic and Joule Thomson expansion – Expression for Joule Thomson cooling –
Liquefaction of helium, Kapitza’s method – Adiabatic demagnetization – Production of low
temperatures – Principle of refrigeration, vapour compression type.

Unit – III
Quantum theory of radiation: (12)
Black body-Ferry’s black body – distribution of energy in the spectrum of Black body – Wein’s
displacement law, Wein’s law, Rayleigh-Jean’s law – Quantum theory of radiation - Planck’s law –
deduction of Wein’s law, Rayleigh-Jeans law, Stefan’s law from Planck’s law. Measurement of radiation
using pyrometers – Disappearing filament optical pyrometer – experimental determination – Angstrom
pyro heliometer - determination of solar constant, effective temperature of sun.

Unit – IV
Statistical Mechanics: (12)
Introduction, postulates of statistical mechanics. Phase space, concept of ensembles and some known
ensembles ,classical and quantum statistics and their differences, concept of probability, Maxwell-
Boltzmann’s distribution law -Molecular energies in an ideal gas- Maxwell-Boltzmann’s velocity
distribution law, Bose-Einstein Distribution law, Fermi-Dirac Distribution law, comparison of three
distribution laws.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.
Reference books:

1. Fundamentals of Physics. Halliday/Resnick/Walker.C. Wiley India Edition 2007.

2. Second Year Physics – Telugu Academy.
3. Modern Physics by R. Murugeshan and Kiruthiga Siva Prasath (for statistical
Mechanics) S. Chand & Co.
4. Modern Physics by G. Aruldhas and P. Rajagopal, Eastern Economy Education.
5. Berkeley Physics Course. Volume-5. Statistical Physics by F. Reif. The McGraw-Hill
Companies.
6. An Introduction to Thermal Physics by Daniel V. Schroeder.Pearson Education Low
Price Edition.
7. Thermodynamics by R.C. Srivastava, Subit K. Saha & Abhay K. Jain Eastern Economy
Edition.
8. Modern Engineering Physics by A.S. Vasudeva. S.Chand & Co. Publications.
9. B.B. Laud “Introduction to statistics Mechanics”(Macmillan 1981)
 B.Sc. (Physics) – I year
Semester - II
Paper – II: Thermal Physics Practicals
(DSC - Compulsory)

1. Co-efficient of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor by Lee’s method.

2. Measurement of Stefan’s constant.
3. Specific heat of a liquid by applying Newton’s law of cooling correction.
4. Heating efficiency of electrical kettle with varying voltages.
5. Calibration of thermo couple
6. Cooling Curve of a metallic body
7. Resistance thermometer
8. Thermal expansion of solids
9. Study of conversion of mechanical energy to heat.
10. Determine the Specific heat of a solid ( graphite rod )
Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed. Maximum of 15 students per batch and
maximum of three students per experiment should be allotted in the regular practical class of three
hours per week.
,

Reference books:

1. D.P. Khandelwal, “A laboratory manual for undergraduate classes” (Vani

Publishing House, New Delhi).
2. S.P. Singh, “Advanced Practical Physics” (Pragati Prakashan, Meerut).
3. Worsnop and Flint- Advanced Practical physics for students.
4. “Practical Physics” R.K Shukla, Anchal Srivastava
 B.Sc. (Physics)- II Year
Semester – III
Paper – III: Electromagnetic Theory
(DSC - Compulsory)

Unit I : Electrostatics (11 hrs)

Electric Field:- Concept of electric field lines and electric flux, Gauss’s law (Integral and differential
forms), application to linear, plane and spherical charge distributions. Conservative nature of electric
field ‘E’, Irrotational field. Electric potential:- Concept of electric potential, relation between electric
potential and electric field, potential energy of a system of charges. Energy density in an electric
field. Calculation of potential from electric field for a spherical charge distribution.

Unit II : Magnetostatics (12 hrs)

Concept of magnetic field ‘B’ and magnetic flux, Biot-Savart’s law, B due to a straight current
carrying conductor. Force on a point charge in a magnetic field. Properties of B, curl and divergence
of B, solenoidal field. Integral form of Ampere’s law, Applications of Ampere’s law: field due to
straight, circular and solenoidal currents. Energy stored in magnetic field. Magnetic energy in terms
of current and inductance. Magnetic force between two current carrying conductors. Magnetic field
intensity. Ballistic Galvanometer:- Torque on a current loop in a uniform magnetic field, working
principle of B.G., current and charge sensitivity, electromagnetic damping, critical damping
resistance.

Unit III: Electromagnetic Induction and Electromagnetic waves (13)

Faraday’s laws of induction (differential and integral form), Lenz’s law, self and mutual
Induction. Continuity equation, modification of Ampere’s law, displacement current, Maxwell
equations. Maxwell’s equations in vacuum and dielectric medium, boundary conditions, plane
wave equation: transverse nature of EM waves, velocity of light in vacuum and in medium.
Poynting’s theorem.

UNIT IV: Varying and alternating currents (6)

Growth and decay of currents in LR, CR and LCR circuits - Critical damping. Alternating
current, relation between current and voltage in pure R, C and L-vector diagrams - Power in ac
circuits. LCR series and parallel resonant circuit - Q-factor. AC & DC motors-single phase, three
phase (basics only).

Network Theorems(6):
Passive elements, Power sources, Active elements, Network models: T and π Transformations,
Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem. Reciprocity theorem and
Maximum power transfer theorem (Simple problems).

Reference books:
1. Fundamentals of electricity and magnetism By Arthur F. Kip (McGraw-Hill, 1968)
2. Telugu Academy
3. Electricity and magnetism by J.H.Fewkes& John Yarwood. Vol.I (Oxford Univ. Press, 1991).
4. Introduction to Electrodynamics, 3rd edition, by David J. Griffiths, (Benjamin
Cummings,1998).
5. Electricity and magnetism By Edward M. Purcell (McGraw-Hill Education, 1986)
6. Electricity and magnetism. By D C Tayal (Himalaya Publishing House,1988)
7. Electromagnetics by Joseph A.Edminister 2nd ed.(New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill, 2006).
 B.Sc. (Physics) – II year
Semester - III
Paper – III: Electromagnetic Theory Practicals
(DSC - Compulsory)

PHYSICS LABORATORY
1. To verify the Thevenin Theorem
2. To verify Norton Theorem
3. To verify Superposition Theorem
4. To verify maximum power transfer theorem.
5. To determine a small resistance by Carey Foster’s bridge.
6. To determine the (a) current sensitivity, (b) charge sensitivity, and (c) CDR of a B.G.
7. To determine high resistance by leakage method.
8. To determine the ratio of two capacitances by De Sauty’s bridge.
9. To determine self-inductance of a coil by Anderson’s bridge using AC.
10. To determine self-inductance of a coil by Rayleigh’s method.
11. To determine coefficient of Mutual inductance by absolute method.
12. LR circuit
13. RC circuit
14. LCR series circuit
15. LCR parallel circuit

Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed.

Maximum of 15 students per batch and maximum of three students per experiment should be
allotted in the regular practical class of three hours per week.

Suggested Books for Reference:

1. B. L. Worsnop and H. T. Flint, Advanced Practical Physics, Asia Publishing House, New Delhi.
2. InduPrakash and Ramakrishna, A Text Book of Practical Physics, KitabMahal
 B.Sc. (Physics) - II Year
Semester – IV
Paper – IV: Waves and Optics
(DSC - Compulsory)

Unit-I : Waves(12)
Fundamentals of Waves -Transverse wave propagation along a stretched string, general solution of
wave equation and its significance, modes of vibration of stretched string clamped at ends, overtones,
energy transport, transverse impedance.
Longitudinal vibrations in bars- wave equation and its general solution. Special cases (i) bar fixed at
both ends ii) bar fixed at the mid point iii) bar free at both ends iv) bar fixed at one end. Transverse
vibrations in a bar- wave equation and its general solution. Boundary conditions, clamped free bar,
free-free bar, bar supported at both ends, Tuning fork.

Unit II: Interference: (12)

Principle of superposition – coherence – temporal coherence and spatial coherence – conditions for
Interference of light.
Interference by division of wave front: Fresnel’s biprism – determination of wave length of light.
Determination of thickness of a transparent material using Biprism – change of phase on reflection –
Lloyd’s mirror experiment.
Interference by division of amplitude: Oblique incidence of a plane wave on a thin film due to reflected
and transmitted light (Cosine law) – Colours of thin films – Non-reflecting films – interference by a
plane parallel film illuminated by a point source – Interference by a film with two non-parallel reflecting
surfaces (Wedge shaped film) – Determination of diameter of wire-Newton’s rings in reflected light with
and without contact between lens and glass plate, Newton’s rings in transmitted light (Haidinger Fringes)
– Determination of wave length of monochromatic light – Michelson Interferometer – types of fringes –
Determination of wavelength of monochromatic light, Difference in wavelength of sodium D1,D2 lines
and thickness of a thin transparent plate.
Unit III: Diffraction: (12)
Introduction – Distinction between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction, Fraunhofer diffraction:-
Diffraction due to single slit and circular aperture – Limit of resolution – Fraunhofer diffraction due to
double slit – Fraunhofer diffraction pattern with N slits (diffraction grating).
Resolving Power of grating – Determination of wave length of light in normal and oblique incidence
methods using diffraction grating.
Fresnel diffraction-Fresnel’s half period zones – area of the half period zones –zone plate – Comparison
of zone plate with convex lens – Phase reversal zone plate – diffraction at a straight edge – difference
between interference and diffraction.
Unit IV: Polarization (12)
Polarized light : Methods of Polarization, Polarizatioin by reflection, refraction, Double refraction,
selective absorption , scattering of light – Brewster’s law – Malus law – Nicol prism polarizer and
analyzer – Refraction of plane wave incident on negative and positive crystals (Huygen’s explanation) –
Quarter wave plate, Half wave plate – Babinet’s compensator – Optical activity, analysis of light by
Laurent’s half shade polarimeter.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.
Reference books:
1. Optics by Ajoy Ghatak. The McGraw-Hill companies.
2. Optics by Subramaniyam and Brijlal. S. Chand & Co.
3. Second Year Physics – Telugu Academy.
4. Modern Engineering Physics by A.S. Vasudeva. S.Chand & Co. Publications.
5. Fundamentals of Optics by Jenkins A. Francis and White E. Harvey, McGraw Hill Inc.
6. K. Ghatak, Physical Optics
7. D.P. Khandelwal, Optical and Atomic Physics’ (Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay,1988)
8. Jenkins and White: ‘Fundamental of Optics’ (McGraw-Hill)
9. Smith and Thomson: ‘Optics’ (John Wiley and sons).
 B.Sc. (Physics) – II year
Semester - IV
Paper – IV: Waves and Optics Practicals
(DSC - Compulsory)
1. Thickness of a wire using wedge method.
2. Determination of wavelength of light using Biprism.
3. Determination of Radius of curvature of a given convex lens by forming Newton’s rings.
4. Resolving power of grating.
5. Study of optical rotation-polarimeter.
6. Dispersive power of a prism
7. Determination of wavelength of light using diffraction grating minimum deviation method.
8. Wavelength of light using diffraction grating – normal incidence method.
9. Resolving power of a telescope.
10. Refractive index of a liquid and glass (Boys Method).
11. Pulfrich refractometer – determination of refractive index of liquid.
12. Wavelength of Laser light using diffraction grating.
13. Verification of Laws of a stretched string (Three Laws).
14. Velocity of Transverse wave along a stretched string
15. Determination of frequency of a bar-Melde
s experiment

Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed Maximum of 15 students per batch and
maximum of three students per experiment should be allotted in the regular practical class of three
hours per week.
Suggested Books

1. D.P. Khandelwal, “A laboratory manual for undergraduate classes” (Vani

Publishing House, New Delhi).
2. S.P. Singh, “Advanced Practical Physics” (Pragati Prakashan, Meerut).
3. Worsnop and Flint- Advanced Practical physics for students.
4. “Practical Physics” R.K Shukla, Anchal Srivastav.
 B.Sc. (Physics)- III Year
Semester – V
Paper – V : Modern Physics
(DSE – Elective I)

UNIT - 1 : SPECTROSCOPY (12)

Atomic Spectra: Introduction - Drawbacks of Bohr’s atomic model - Sommerfeld’s elliptical
orbits -relativistic correction (no derivation). Stern & Gerlach experiment, Vector atom model and
quantum numbers associated with it. L-S and j-j coupling schemes. Spectral terms, selection rules,
intensity rules - spectra of alkali atoms, doublet fine structure, Zeeman Effect, Paschen-Back Effect
and Stark Effect (basic idea).
Molecular Spectroscopy: Types of molecular spectra, pure rotational energies and spectrum of
diatomic molecule. Determination of inter nuclear distance. Vibrational energies and spectrum of
diatomic molecule. Raman effect, classical theory of Raman effect. Experimental arrangement for
Raman effect and its applications.

UNIT – II : Quantum Mechanics (14)

Inadequacy of classical Physics: Spectral radiation - Planck’s law (only discussion). Photoelectric
effect - Einstien’s photoelectric equation. Compton’s effect - experimental verification.
Matter waves & Uncertainty principle: de Broglie’s hypothesis - wavelength of matter waves,
properties of matter waves. Phase and group velocities. Davisson and Germer experiment. Double
slit experiment. Standing de Brogile waves of electron in Bohr orbits. Heisenberg’s uncertainty
principle for position and momentum (x and px), Energy and time (E and t). Gamma ray
microscope. Diffraction by a single slit. Position of electron in a Bohr orbit. Complementary
principle of Bohr.
Schrodinger Wave Equation
Schrodinger time independent and time dependent wave equations. Wave function properties -
Significance. Basic postulates of quantum mechanics. Operators, eigen functions and eigen values,
expectation values.

Unit - III : Nuclear Physics (10)

Nuclear Structure: Basic properties of nucleus - size, charge, mass, spin, magnetic dipole moment
and electric quadrupole moment. Binding energy of nucleus, deuteron binding energy, p-p, n-n, and
n-p scattering (concepts), nuclear forces. Nuclear models- liquid drop model, shell model.
Alpha and Beta Decays: Range of alpha particles, Geiger - Nuttal law. Gammow’s theory of
alpha decay. Geiger - Nuttal law from Gammow’s theory. Beta spectrum - neutrino hypothesis,
Particle Detectors: GM counter, proportional counter, scintillation counter.

UNIT: IV: Solid State Physics & Crystolography (12)

Crystal Structure : Crystalline nature of matter. Cystal lattice, Unit Cell, Elements of symmetry.
Crystal systems, Bravais lattices. Miller indices. Simple crystal structures (S.C., BCC, FCC, CsCl,
NaCl, diamond and Zinc Blende)
X-ray Diffraction: Diffraction of X -rays by crystals, Bragg’s law, Experimental techniques -
Laue’s method and powder method.
Bonding in Crystals: Types of bonding in crystals - characteristics of crystals with different
bondings. Lattice energy of ionic crystals - determination of Madelung constant for NaCl crystal.
Calculation of Born Coefficient and repulsive exponent. Born-Haber cycle.
 Reference books:

1. Modern Physics by G. Aruldhas & P. Rajagopal.Eastern Economy Edition.

2. Concepts of Modern Physics by Arthur Beiser.Tata McGraw-Hill Edition.
3. Modern Physics by R. Murugeshan and Kiruthiga Siva Prasath.S. Chand & Co.
4. Nuclear Physics by D.C. Tayal, Himalaya Publishing House.
5. Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy by G. Aruldhas.Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
6. Spectroscopy -Atomic and Molecular by Gurdeep R Chatwal and Shyam Anand -Himalaya Publishing
House.
7. Third Year Physics - Telugu Academy.
8. Elements of Solid State Physics by J.P. Srivastava. (for chapter on nanomaterials)-Prentice-hall of India
Pvt. Ltd.
 B.Sc. (Physics Practical) – III year
Semester – V
Paper - V: Modern Physics Practicals
(DSE)

1. Measurement of Planck’s constant using black body radiation and photo-detector

2. Photo-electric effect: photo current versus intensity and wavelength of light; maximum
energy of photo-electrons versus frequency of light
3. To determine the Planck’s constant using LEDs of at least 4 different colors.
4. To determine the ionization potential of mercury.
5. To determine the absorption lines in the rotational spectrum of Iodine vapour.
6. To determine the value of e/m by (a) Magnetic focusing or (b) Bar magnet.
7. To setup the Millikan oil drop apparatus and determine the charge of an electron.
8. To show the tunneling effect in tunnel diode using I-V characteristics.
9. To determine the wavelength of laser source using diffraction of single slit.
10. To determine the wavelength of laser source using diffraction of double slits.
11. To determine (1) wavelength and (2) angular spread of He-Ne laser using plane diffraction
grating
12. To determine the value of e/m for electron by long solenoid method.
13. Photo Cell – Determination of Planck’s constant.
14. To verify the inverse square law of radiation using a photo-electric cell.
15. To find the value of photo electric work function of a material of the cathode using a photo-
electric cell.
16. Measurement of magnetic field – Hall probe method.
17. To determine the dead time of a given G.M. tube using double source.
18. Hydrogen spectrum – Determination of Rydberg’s constant
19. Energy gap of intrinsic semi-conductor
20. G. M. Counter – Absorption coefficients of a material.
21. To draw the plateau curve for a Geiger Muller counter.
22. To find the half-life period of a given radioactive substance using a G.M. Counter.

Reference Books:

1. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House
2. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
3. A Text Book of Practical Physics, I. Prakash& Ramakrishna, 11th Edn, 2011,Kitab Mahal

Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed.

 B.Sc. (Physics)- III Year
Semester – V
Paper – V : Computational Physics
(DSE – Elective II)

Unit I Programming in C (14 hours)

Flow charts, Algorithms, Integer and floating point arithmetic, Precision, Variable types, Arithmetic
statements, Input and output statements, Control statements, Executable and non-
executable statements, Arrays, Repetitive and logical structures, Subroutines and functions,
Operation with files, Operating systems, Creation of executable programs.

UNIT II (14 hours)

Numerical Methods of Analysis:
Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations: Iterative, bisection and Newton-
Raphson methods, Solution of simultaneous linear equations: Matrix inversion method,
Interpolation: Newton and Lagrange formulas, Numerical differentiation, Numerical
Integration, Trapezoidal, Simpson and Gaussian quadrature methods, Least-square curve
fitting, Straight line and polynomial fits.

UNIT III (14 hours)

Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations: Euler and Runge-Kutta methods.
Simulation
Generation of uniformly distributed random integers, Statistical tests of randomness, Monte-
Carlo evaluation of integrals and error analysis, Non-uniform probability distributions,
Importance of sampling, Rejection method

Unit IV (14 hours)

Metropolis algorithm, Molecular diffusion and Brownian motion as random walk problems
and their MonteCarlo simulation.
Finite element and finite difference methods, boundary value and initial value problems, density
functional methods.

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

Reference Books:

1. Computational Methods in Physics and Engineering: Wong.

2. Computer Oriented Numerical Methods: Rajaraman.
3. Computer Programming in FORTRAN 77: Rajaraman.
4. Applied Numerical Analysis: Gerald.
5. A Guide to Monte Carlo Simulations in Statistical Physics: Land
 B.Sc. (Physics)- III Year
Semester – V
Paper – V : Computational Physics Practicals
(DSE – Elective II)

1. Jacobi Method of Matrix Diagonalization

2. Solution of transcendental or polynomial equations by the Newton Raphson method
3. Linear curve fitting and calculation of linear correlation coefficient
4. Matrix summation, subtraction and multiplication
5. Matrix inversion and solution of simultaneous equation
6. Lagrange interpolation based on given input data
7. Numerical integration using the Simpson’s method
8. Numerical integration using the Gaussian quadrature method
9. Solution of first order differential equations using the Runge-Kutta method
10. Numerical first order differentiation of a given function
11. Fast Fourier Transform
12. Monte Carlo integration
13. Use of a package for data generation and graph plotting.
14. Test of randomness for random numbers generators

Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed. Maximum of 15 students per batch and
maximum of three students per experiment should be allotted in the regular practical class of three
hours per week.
 B.Sc. (Physics)- III Year
Semester – VI
Paper – VI : Electronics
(DSE- Elective I)

Unit – I: (12 Hrs)

Band theory of P-N junction: Energy band in solids (band theory), valence band, conduction
band and forbidden energy gap in solids, insulators, semiconductors and pure or intrinsic
semiconductors and impure or extrinsic semi-conductors. N-type semi-conductors, P-type semi-
conductors, Fermi level, continuity equation.
Diodes: P-N junction diode, Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifier. Zener diode & its
characteristics. Zener diode as voltage regulator.

Unit-II: (12 Hrs)

Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) – p-n-p and n-p-n transistors, current components in
transistors, CB, CE and CC configurations – transistor as an amplifier - RC coupled amplifier –
Frequency response (Qualitative analysis).
Feedback concept & Oscillators: Feedback, General theory of feedback – Concepts of
oscillators, Barkhausen’s criteria, Phase shift oscillator – Expression for frequency of oscillation.

Unit-III : (10 hrs)

Special devices- Construction and Characteristics: Photo diode - Shockley diode - Solar cell,
Opto-couplers - Field Effect Transistor (FET) - FET as an Amplifier - Uni Junction Transistor
(UJT), UJT as a relaxation oscillator - Silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) - SCR as a switch.

Unit-IV: (14 Hrs)

Digital Electronics: Binary number system, convertion of binary to decimal and vice-versa.
Binary addition and subtraction (1’s and 2’s complement methods). Hexadecimal number system.
Conversion from binary to hexadecimal and vice-versa, Decimal to hexadecimal and vice-versa.
Logic gates: OR, AND, NOT gates, truth tables, realization of these gates using discrete
components. NAND, NOR as universal gates, Exclusive – OR gate (EX-OR). De Morgan’s Laws
– Verification.

NOTE: Problems should be solved from every chapter of all units.

Reference books:

1. Electronic devices and circuits – Millman and Halkias. Mc.Graw-Hill Education.

2. Principles of Electronics by V.K. Mehta – S. Chand & Co.
3. Basic Electronics (Solid state) – B. L. Theraja , S. Chand & Co.
4. A First Course in Electronics- Anwar A. Khan &Kanchan K. Dey, PHI.
5. Physics of Semiconductor Devices- S. M. Sze
6. Physics of Semiconductors- Streetman.
7. Basic Electronics – Bernod Grob.
8. Third year Electronics – Telugu Academy
9. Digital Principles & Applications – A.P. Malvino and D.P. Leach
 B.Sc. (Physics Practical) – III year
Semester – VI
Paper - VI: Electronics
1. Construction of logic gates (AND, OR, NOT, gates ) with discrete components – Truth
table Verification
2. AND, OR, NOT – gates constructions using universal gates – Verification of truth tables.
3. Construction of NAND and NOR gates with discrete components and truth table
verification
4. Characteristics of a Transistor in CE configuration
5. R.C. coupled amplifier – frequency response.
6. Verification of De Morgan’s Theorem.
7. Zener diode V-I characteristics.
8. P-n junction diode V- I characteristics.
9. Zener diode as a voltage regulator
10. Construction of a model D.C. power supply
11. R C phase shift Oscillator –determination of output frequency
 Every student should complete minimum 06 experiments.
Reference books:

1. B.Sc. Practical Physics – C. L. Arora – S. Chand & Co.

2. Viva-voce in Physics – R.C. Gupta, Pragathi Prakashan, Meerut.
3. Laboratory manual for Physics Course by B.P. Khandelwal.
4. Practical Physics by M. Arul Thakpathi by Comptex Publishers.
5. B.Sc. practical physics – Subbi Reddy.

Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed.

 B.Sc. Semester VI-Theory Syllabus
Subject : (Physics) (DSE- Elective-II)
Paper-VI: APPLIED OPTICS

Unit I ( 11hrs)

Principles of Lasers: Emission and absorption of Radiation – Einstein Relations. - Pumping

Mechanisms – Optical feedback - Laser Rate equations for two, three and four level lasers. Pumping
threshold conditions. – Properties of Laser beams. Classification of laser systems – Gas, Liquid and
Solid Lasers: He- Ne, and Argon lasers, their energy level schemes - Ruby laser and YAG laser,
GA-As laser, and their applications in various fields.
Unit II (11 hrs)
Holography: Basic Principles of Holography- Recording of amplitude and phase- The recording
medium- Reconstruction of original wave front- Image formation by wave front reconstruction-
Gaber Hologram- Limitations of Gaber Hologram-Off axis Hologram- Fourier transform
Holograms- Volume Holograms, Applications of Holograms.

Unit III (10 hrs)

Fourier and Non-Linear Optics:Fourier optics- Thin lens as phase transformation – Thickness
function- Various types of lenses- Fourier transforming properties of lenses – Object placed in front
of the lens- Object placed behind the lens.
Non-Linear Optics: Harmonic generation- Second harmonic generation- Phase matching
condition- Optical mixing- Parametric generation of light – Self focusing of light.

Unit IV (10 hrs)

Optical Fibers: Fiber types and their structures. Ray optics representation, acceptance angle and
numerical aperture. Step index and graded index fibers, single mode and multimode fibers. Fiber
Materials for glass fibers and plastic fibers. Signal attenuation in optical fibers: Absorption,
scattering and bending losses in fibers, core and cladding losses. Material dispersion, wave guide
dispersion, intermodes distortion and pulse broadening.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

Reference books:
1. Opto Electronics- An Introduction – Wilson & JFB Hawkes 2nd Edition.
2. Introduction to Fourier optics – J.W. Goodman
3. Lasers and Non-Linear optics – B.B. Laud
4. Optical Electronics – Ghatak nd Thyga Rajan.
5. Principles of Lasers – O. Svelto
6. Optical Fiber Communications – by Gerad Keiser
7. Optical Fiber Communications – by John M. Senior (PHI)
 B.Sc. Semester VI-Theory Syllabus
Subject : (Physics) (DSE- Elective-II)
Paper-VI: B.APPLIED OPTICS Practical

Applied Optics

1. Study of the profile of a laser beam.

` 2. Determination of the diameter of a thin wire using laser.
3. Determination of wavelength of He-Ne laser by transmission grating.
4. Construction and recording of a hologram.
5. Study of Fourier transforming properties of lenses.
6. Study of second harmonic generation by KDP crystal.
7. Measurement of numerical aperture of an optical fiber.
8. Measurement of coupling losses in optical fibers.
9. Measurement of bending losses in optical fibers.
10. Study of audio signal transmission through optical fibers.
11. To study the interference of light using optical fibers.
Note: Minimum of eight experiments should be performed. Maximum of 15 students per batch and
maximum of three students per experiment should be allotted in the regular practical class of three
hours per week.

Reference books:

1) Introduction to Fourier Optics – J. Goodman

2) Optical Fiber Communications- John M. Senior
3) Principles of Lasers- O. Svelto
4) Modern Optics- Grant Fowles.
5) Principles of Optics – Born & Wolf
6) Fundamentals of Optics- Jenkins & White
Skill Enhancement course I

Experimental methods and error analysis

(Credits: 02) 30 hours

Unit-I (15 hrs):

Experimental methods: Least count of instruments, Instruments for measuring mass, length, time,
angle, current, voltage. Fundamental units. Precision and accuracy of measurements, source of error
in measurements, necessity of estimating errors , types of errors, reading error of instrument,
calibration error, random error, systematic error, significant digits, order of magnitude and rounding
of numbers, rounding error, absolute and relative errors, Errors of computation- addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division, error in power and roots, Propagation of errors, analysis of
data, standard deviation, calculation of mean value.

Unit II ( 15 hours)
Stastistical Analysis of errors: Mean, Median and Mode and standard deviation, standard deviation
of mean, Least squares fitting, Normal distribution, covariance and correlation, Binomial
distribution, passion distribution, chi square test

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

Reference books:

1. The theory of Errors in Physical Measurements- J C Pal- New Central Book Agency- 2010

2. Data reduction and Error analysis for the physical sciences by DK Robinson and P R
Bevington
Skill Enhancement course II

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT NETWORKING

(Credits: 02) 30 Hours

Unit I ( 15 hours)
Basic Electricity Principles: Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Power. Ohm's law. Series, parallel,
and series-parallel combinations. AC Electricity and DC Electricity. Familiarization with
multimeter, voltmeter and ammeter.
Understanding Electrical Circuits: Main electric circuit elements and their combination. Rules to
analyze DC sourced electrical circuits. Current and voltage drop across the DC circuit elements.
Single-phase and three-phase alternating current sources. Rules to analyze AC sourced electrical
circuits. Real, imaginary and complex power components of AC source. Power factor. Saving
energy and money.
Electrical Drawing and Symbols: Drawing symbols. Blueprints. Reading Schematics. Ladder
diagrams. Electrical Schematics. Power circuits. Control circuits. Reading of circuit schematics.
Tracking the connections of elements and identify current flow and voltage drop.
Generators and Transformers: DC Power sources. AC/DC generators. Inductance, capacitance,
and impedance. Operation of transformers.)
Electric Motors: Single-phase, three-phase & DC motors. Basic design. Interfacing DC or AC
sources to control heaters & motors. Speed & power of ac motor.
Solid-State Devices: Resistors, inductors and capacitors. Diode and rectifiers. Components in
Series or in shunt. Response of inductors and capacitors with DC or AC sources

Unit II ( 15 hours)
Electrical Protection: Relays. Fuses and disconnect switches. Circuit breakers. Overload devices.
Ground-fault protection. Grounding and isolating. Phase reversal. Surge protection. Interfacing DC
or AC sources to control elements (relay protection device)
Electrical Wiring: Different types of conductors and cables. Basics of wiring-Star and delta
connection. Voltage drop and losses across cables and conductors. Instruments to measure current,
voltage, power in DC and AC circuits. Insulation. Solid and stranded cable. Conduit. Cable trays.
Splices: wirenuts, crimps, terminal blocks, split bolts, and solder. Preparation of extension board.

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

Reference Books:
 A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand & Co.
 A text book of Electrical Technology - A K Theraja
 Performance and design of AC machines - M G Say ELBS Edn..
Skill Enhancement course III

BASIC INSTRUMENTATION
(Credits: 02)
30 hours
Unit I ( 15 hours)
Basics of Measurement: Instruments accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution range etc. Errors in
measurements and loading effects. Multimeter: Principles of measurement of dc voltage and dc current, ac
voltage, ac current and resistance. Specifications of a multimeter and their significance)
Electronic Voltmeter: Advantage over conventional multimeter for voltage measurement with respect to
input impedance and sensitivity. Principles of voltage, measurement (block diagram only). Specifications of
an electronic Voltmeter/ Multimeter and their significance. AC millivoltmeter: Type of AC millivoltmeters:
Amplifier- rectifier, and rectifier- amplifier. Block diagram ac millivoltmeter, specifications and their
significance
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope: Block diagram of basic CRO. Construction of CRT, Electron gun, electrostatic
focusing and acceleration (Explanation only– no mathematical treatment), brief discussion on screen
phosphor, visual persistence &chemical composition. Time base operation, synchronization. Front panel
controls. Specifications of a CRO and their significance.

Use of CRO for the measurement of voltage (dc and ac frequency, time period. Special features of dual trace,
introduction to digital oscilloscope, probes. Digital storage Oscilloscope: Block diagram and principle of
working.

Unit II ( 15 hours)
Signal Generators and Analysis Instruments: Block diagram, explanation and specifications of low
frequency signal generators. pulse generator, and function generator. Brief idea for testing, specifications.
Distortion factor meter, wave analysis.

Impedance Bridges & Q-Meters: Block diagram of bridge. working principles of basic (balancing type)
RLC bridge. Specifications of RLC bridge. Block diagram & working principles of a Q- Meter. Digital LCR
bridges.

Digital Instruments: Principle and working of digital meters. Comparison of analog & digital instruments.
Characteristics of a digital meter. Working principles of digital voltmeter.

Digital Multimeter: Block diagram and working of a digital multimeter. Working principle of time interval,
frequency and period measurement using universal counter/ frequency counter, time- base stability, accuracy
and resolution.

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

Reference books:

 A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand and Co.

 Performance and design of AC machines - M G Say ELBS Edn.
 Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Logic circuit design, Shimon P. Vingron, 2012, Springer.
 Digital Electronics, Subrata Ghoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
 Electronic Devices and circuits, S. Salivahanan & N. S.Kumar, 3rd Ed., 2012, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
 Electronic circuits: Handbook of design and applications, U.Tietze, Ch.Schenk, 2008, Springer
 Electronic Devices, 7/e Thomas L. Floyd, 2008, Pearson India
Skill Enhancement course IV

BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
(Credits: 02) 30 hours

Unit I ( 15 hours)
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Cell and its structure – Resting and Action Potential – Nervous system and its fundamentals - Basic
components of a biomedical system- Cardiovascular systems- Respiratory systems -Kidney and
blood flow - Biomechanics of bone - Biomechanics of soft tissues - Basic mechanics of spinal
column and limbs -Physiological signals and transducers - Transducers – selection criteria – Piezo
electric, ultrasonic transducers - Temperature measurements - Fibre optic temperature sensors.

NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS MEASUREMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

Measurement of blood pressure - Cardiac output - Heart rate - Heart sound - Pulmonary function
measurements – spirometer – Photo Plethysmography, Body Plethysmography – Blood Gas
analysers, pH of blood –measurement of blood pCO2, pO2, finger-tip oxymeter - ESR, GSR
measurements.

Unit II ( 15 hours)
ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS ACQUISITION AND ANALYSIS
Electrodes – Limb electrodes –floating electrodes – pregelled disposable electrodes - Micro, needle
and surface electrodes – Amplifiers, Preamplifiers, differential amplifiers, chopper amplifiers –
Isolation amplifier - ECG – EEG – EMG – ERG – Lead systems and recording methods – Typical
waveforms - Electrical safety in medical environment, shock hazards – leakage current-Instruments
for checking safety parameters of biomedical equipments.

IMAGING MODALITIES AND ANALYSIS

Radio graphic and fluoroscopic techniques – Computer tomography – MRI – Ultrasonography –
Endoscopy – Thermography –Different types of biotelemetry systems - Retinal Imaging - Imaging
application in Biometric systems - Analysis of digital images.

LIFE ASSISTING, THERAPEUTIC AND ROBOTIC DEVICES

Pacemakers – Defibrillators – Ventilators – Nerve and muscle stimulators – Diathermy – Heart –
Lung machine – Audio meters – Dialysers – Lithotripsy - ICCU patient monitoring system - Nano
Robots - Robotic surgery – Advanced 3D surgical techniques- Orthopedic prostheses fixation.

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

References:

1. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, Tata Mc Graw Hill

2. J. G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation, Application and Design, John Wiley and Sons
Skill Enhancement course V

B.Sc. (Physics) – II/III Year

Semester –III/IV/V/VI
Digital Electronics

(SEC)

(Credits: 02) 30 hours

Unit I ( 15 hours)

Number Systems: Decimal, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal.

Conversion: Binary to Decimal, Octal to Decimal, Hexadecimal to Decimal, Decimal to Binary,
Decimal to Octal and Decimal to Hexadecimal.
Binary coded decimal, Exess-3 code, grey code, ASCII code.
Logic Gates: OR, AND, NOT, EX-OR, NAND, NOR, Universal gates.
Half adder and Full adder.

Unit II ( 15 hours)

Boolean algebra: Boolean laws, DeMorgan’s theorems, Sum of products, Product of sums and
Karnaugh maps. Multiplexers and Demultiplexers.
Flip-Flops: RS flip-flop, D flip-flop, JK flip-flop and MS flip-flop.
Registers: Types of registers
Counters: Synchronous and Asynchronous counters and their differences.

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

References

1. Digital Electronics by Gothman

2. Digital principles and applications by Malvino and Leach
 GENERIC ELECTIVE

Renewable Energy Resources

Total: 48 hrs
(4 Hrs / week)

Unit I: Principles of Solar Radiation and Collection (Qualitative only): (12 Hrs)
Non-renewable energy resources – Principles of power generation and transmission. A model of
conventional thermal power plant. Advantages and disadvantages of conventional power plants.
Role and potential of new and renewable sources, the solar energy option, environmental impact of
solar power, physics of the sun, the solar constant, solar radiation on tilted surface, instruments for
measuring solar radiation and sun shine, solar radiation data.

Unit II: Solar Energy Storage and Applications: (12 Hrs)

Solar energy collectors - Flat plate and concentration collectors, classification of concentration
collectors and orientation, advanced collectors. Different sensible, latent heat and stratified storage,
solar ponds. Solar Applications – solar heating/ cooling technique, solar distillation and drying,
photovoltaic energy conversion.

Unit III: Wind and Bio-Mass Energy: (12 Hrs)

Resources and potentials, horizontal and vertical axis windmills, performance characteristics.
Principles of Bio-Conversion, Energy from waste, types of bio-gas digesters, gas yield, combustion
characteristics of bio-gas, utilization for cooking, LPG and CNG.

Unit IV: Geothermal and Ocean Energy: (12 Hrs)

Resources, types of wells, methods of harnessing the energy, potential in India. OTEC, principles of
utilization, setting of OTEC plants, thermodynamic cycles. Tidal and wave energy, Potential and
conversion techniques, mini-hydel power plants, land and their economics.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Non-Conventional Energy Sources - G.D Rai, Khanna Publishers
2. Renewable Energy Resources-Twidell & Wier, CRC Press ( Taylor & Francis)

Reference Books:

1. Renewable energy resources - Tiwari and Ghosal, Narosa.

2. Renewable Energy Technologies - Ramesh & Kumar, Narosa
3. Non-Conventional Energy Systems - K Mittal, Wheeler
4. Renewable energy sources and emerging technologies by D.P. Kothari, K.C. Singhal.
 Paper in lieu of project
(Credits: 04) 56 hours

Nano Science
Unit I (14 hours)
Length scales in physics, Nanostructures: 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures (nanodots, thin films,
nanowires, nanorods), Band structure and density of states of materials at nanoscale, Size Effects in
nano systems, Quantum confinement in 3D, 2D, 1D nanostructures and its consequences.

Unit II (14 hours)

SYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURE MATERIALS: Top down and Bottom up approach,
Photolithography. Ball milling. Gas phase condensation. Vacuum deposition. Physical vapor
deposition (PVD): Thermal evaporation, E-beam evaporation, Pulsed Laser deposition. Chemical
vapor deposition (CVD). Sol-Gel. Electro deposition. Spray pyrolysis. Hydrothermal synthesis.
Preparation through colloidal methods. MBE growth of quantum dots.
CHARACTERIZATION: X-Ray Diffraction. Optical Microscopy. Scanning Electron Microscopy.
Transmission Electron Microscopy. Atomic Force Microscopy. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.

Unit III (14 hours)

OPTICAL PROPERTIES: Coulomb interaction in nanostructures. Concept of dielectric constant
for nanostructures and charging of nanostructure. Quasi-particles and excitons. Excitons in direct and
indirect band gap semiconductor nanocrystals.
Quantitative treatment of quasi-particles and excitons, charging effects. Radiative processes: General
formalization-absorption, emission and luminescence. Optical properties of heterostrctures and
nanostructures.
ELECTRON TRANSPORT: Carrier transport in nano structures. Coulomb blockade effect,
thermionic emission, tunneling and hoping conductivity. Defects and impurities: Deep level and
surface defects.

Unit IV (14 hours)

APPLICATIONS: Applications of nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires and thin films for
photonic devices (LED, solar cells). Single electron devices (no derivation).
CNT based transistors. Nanomaterial Devices: Quantum dots heterostructure lasers,
optical switching and optical data storage. Magnetic quantum well; magnetic dots - magnetic data
storage. Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS), Nano
Electromechanical Systems (NEMS).

NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.

Reference books:
1. C.P. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.).
2. S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company)
3. K.K. Chattopadhyay and A. N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience and Technology (PHI
Learning Private Limited).
4. Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
5. M. Hosokawa, K. Nogi, M. Naita, T. Yokoyama, Nanoparticle Technology Handbook (Elsevier,
2007).
6. Bharat Bhushan, Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2004).
 Question paper pattern

Faculty of Science
Physics
Title of the paper:
Paper:
Duration: 3Hrs] [Max. Marks : 80

Section-A: Short Answer Questions (8 x 4 = 32)

Answer any EIGHT questions

1. Unit – I
2. Unit – I
3. Unit – I (Problem)
4. Unit – II
5. Unit – II
6. Unit – II (Problem)
7. Unit – III
8. Unit – III
9. Unit – III (Problem)
10. Unit – IV
11. Unit – IV
12. Unit – IV (Problem)

Section B: Essay Answer Questions (4 x 12 = 48)

13 (a) Unit – I
OR
(b) Unit – I

14 (a) Unit – II
OR
(b) Unit – II

15 (a) Unit – III

OR
(b) Unit – III

16 (a) Unit – IV
OR
(b) Unit – IV
 Department of Physies
Osmania University, Hyderabad

credit system
Semester-VI under choice based
Scheme for B.Sc.,(Physics)I1-Year,
Proposed
Project Guidelines

5HPW-Credits-4
Title: Project

batch to batch depending

. Number of students who will be offered project work will vary
facilities and may vary each year (Not exceeding 5 students per group)
upon infrastructural
Electronics
Experimental work reiated
to Physics/
2. Project work will involve Theoretical or

Medical Physics. Bio

with allied subjects like Geo Physics. Astro Physics.
or any topic
The studenl wll have
simulation work related to Physics/Electronics.
Physics etc., or any
to complete this in stipulated time
internal and
project work will be assessed by a panel involving
3. The final evaluation of the
Examination branch.
of Osmania University
external examiners per the instructions
as
and all
at the beginning of 6
senmester

4. Students will be asked their choice for project work

within a week.
formalities of topic and Guide
selection will be completed
infrasructural facilities of the
work will be offered to lieu
of expertise and
5. Project
evaluated for 4 credits
department and will be
project work will be:
6. The distribution of marks for
Marks for research skills+25
(50 Marks for dissertation+ 25
Project work: 100 Marks
Presentation)
Marks for research work

Distribution of Hours

PROJECT PHASE-I20 Hours

1. Project Group
work. Each group should nol have more

Divide the students in to groups

based on the project
than 5 students.
2. Guide Allocation
Any fulltume Physics/Electronics faculty (Ratified by OU) working in Osmania Universily

Constituenu Afiliated is eligible to Guide the students. The number of students under a guide

should not exceed 40 (8 batches). Guide can be from the same college or from ditlerent college.

he faculty who are interested in guiding the students for projects should obtain Formal approval

from BoS. Physies. Dept. of Physics, Ou.

For each group one Guide is allocated and project topic should be selected based on the student

interest and facilities available.

3. Weekly review of project work
Discussion with guide maintained in Project log book and project booklet.
4. Progress Monitoring

Pre-Seminar/s & Reviewing of First stage of Project work by Departmental Project Evaluation

&Review committee (PERC)

PROJECT PHASE -II 30 Hours

5. Feedback & Suggestions

Given by Examiners are Laken into account by Student

6. Participation in Project Based Events (Optional)

Project Exhibition. Poster Presentation, Paper Publication in Journals and Conferences etc..

7. Pre-Exam Projeet Evaluation

Demonstration ofworking model in front of Internal Project Evaluation Committee (IPEC)
8. Submission of Project Report

Report in Prescribed format containing all event participation certificates

9. University Semester-VI Exam

Final evaluation of the project work will be through a panel involving internal and external

examiners
 Formatfor writingtheProjeetReport

1. Title Page 12. Literature Survey

2. Certificate Page 13. Problem Statement

3. Certificate from Company 14. Objectives

(Sponsored if any)
4. Index Page 15. Methodology
5. Abstract 16. Specilications ofthe System (if any)
6. Acknowledgements 17. Resuls and Discussion
7. List of Tables 18. References
8. List of Figures 19. Summary of the project and Paper Publications (if any)
9. List of Abbreviations 20. Hard copy of published paper at International Journal
and Certificates
10. Outcome of the project 21. Field visit minutes of meeting and
photo (if allowed)
for sponsored projects
11. Introduction (2-4 pages) 22. CD must attached at the end of the report containing
projectdemo video. presentation. project report. paper
pubished, ceriuficates

Yours Sincerely

Prof. M. Srinivas
Chairman. BoS in Physics HEAD
Dept. of Physics Departtment o hysics
University Cliege of Science
Osmania University. Hyd. Osmana University,
Hydera büu-SC0 C07, T.S.