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Divisions of Genetics

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11 views1 page

Divisions of Genetics

Uploaded by

andrademarjorie37
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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 Classical Genetics (Mendelian Genetics): This is the study of inheritance patterns and the

principles first outlined by Gregor Mendel. It deals with how traits are passed from one
generation to the next through discrete units (genes). It includes concepts like dominant and
recessive traits, segregation, and independent assortment.

 Molecular Genetics: This area focuses on the structure and function of genes at a molecular
level. It includes the study of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. Molecular genetics explores
how genetic information is encoded, replicated, and expressed.

 Population Genetics: This branch examines genetic variation within populations and how it
changes over time due to factors like natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation. It
provides insights into evolutionary processes and the genetic structure of populations.

 Quantitative Genetics: This field studies traits that are controlled by multiple genes
(polygenic traits) and their interaction with the environment. It involves statistical methods to
understand the genetic basis of traits such as height, weight, and susceptibility to diseases.

 Genomics: Genomics involves the comprehensive analysis of genomes (the complete set of
genes or genetic material in an organism). It includes the study of whole-genome sequencing,
functional genomics, and comparative genomics, among others.

 Epigenetics: This area focuses on changes in gene expression that do not involve changes to
the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications can be influenced by environmental
factors and can affect gene activity and expression patterns.

 Developmental Genetics: This field studies how genes control the development and
differentiation of organisms from a single cell to a complex multicellular organism. It looks at
how genetic regulation influences developmental processes and morphogenesis.

 Clinical Genetics: Clinical genetics applies genetic principles to the diagnosis and
management of genetic disorders. It includes genetic counseling, testing, and the development of
treatments or interventions for genetic conditions.

 Pharmacogenetics: This branch examines how genetic variations affect an individual's


response to drugs. It aims to personalize medical treatment based on genetic profiles to optimize
efficacy and minimize adverse effects.

 Behavioral Genetics: This field explores the role of genetics in shaping behavior and
psychological traits. It studies the heritability of behavioral traits and the genetic underpinnings
of mental health conditions.

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