Full Date: ___________________Assignment:

UNIT ONE

The Whole numbers up to 10,000 and their

order
Unit Introduction
Unit one is designed to help you acquire the basic concepts and
skills of reading, writing, comparing and ordering whole numbers
up to 10,000. You also acquire the skills of performing the four
fundamental operations on whole numbers.

Unit Outcomes

After completing
. this unit the students will be able to:
 read, write, compare and order whole numbers up to
1000
 perform the four fundamental operations on whole
numbers up to 100
 read and write multiples of 10, 100 and 1000 up to
10,000
 Read and write whole numbers up to 10,000.
 Compare and order whole numbers up to 10,000.

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1.1 Revision of whole numbers up to1000

Activity 1.1 (Counting and Reading numbers)
The purpose of this activity is just to revise whole numbers
up to 1000.

1. Match the items under column A and B by writing the letters

under column B in the blank space given (Neatness counts.).
A B
1. Nine a. 456
2. Nineteen b. 76
3. One hundred ninety c. 980
4. 7 tense and 6 ones d.463
5. 400+50+6 e.9
6. Seven hundred fifty eight f. 100
7. Five hundred ninety eight g. 19
8. The smallest three-digit number h. 190
9. 4 hundreds, 6 tens and 3 ones i. 758
10. Nine hundred eighty j. 598

2. Fill the missing numbers in each stripe. Neatness counts.

a. 203 204 208 213

b. 0 10 20 50 90

c. 100 102 105 109

d. 390 391 396 399

e. 405 406 412

f. 501 504 505 511

g. 602 603 606 611

h. 744 748 749 754

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i. 877 878 882

j. 990
979 991 981 995 985 998 989

3. Write the numeral(figure) of each of the following number

words. [The first one is done for you]Neatness counts.
a. Three hundred fifty_____ e. One hundred eighty ______
f. Four hundred forty four______
b. Five hundred sixty five ______
g. Two hundred eighty one ______
c. Five hundred sixty five ______h. Five hundred five______
i. Nine hundred ninety nine_____
d. Seven hundred and seven_____
j. Three hundred sixty five______

1.2 Revision of the Four Basic Operations Using Whole

Numbers up to 1000.
1.2.1 Addition of whole numbers up to 1000

Example: a.+ b. + c. + d. +

Exercise 1.1

1. Find the sum of the following (Neatness counts.)

a. + b. + c.37+42 =____ d. +

e. + f. + g.251+128 =_____ h. + i. 35+123=___

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2. Solve the following word problems.

Show your work!

a. On Sunday 46 men and 92
women bought tickets to the a.
theater. How many tickets were
sold?

Answer: _________ tickets were sold.

b. On a library shelf there are 142 b.

Mathematics and 49 English
books.How many books are there
on the shelf altogether?
Answer:___________

1.2.2:Subtraction of whole numbers up to 1000

Example : Subtract a._ b._ c. _ d._

Exercise 1.2
1. Subtract. Neatness counts.

a. b._ c._ d.

e. 73-32=_____ f. g. h. _

i. _ j.__ k. _ l. _

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2. Solve the following word problems.

Show your work!

a. An egg seller went to a market a.
with 39 eggs. He sold 24 eggs
on that day. How many eggs
are left unsold?

Answer: ________________ eggs

are left unsold
b. There are 476 students in a b.
school.. If the number of boys
in the school is 340, what is
the number of girls?

The number of girls is __________.

1.2.3Multiplication of whole numbers up to 1,000

Memorize the following multiplications.

0 1 2 3 4
0 0 =0 0 1 = 0 0 2= 0 0 3= 0 0 4= 0
1 0=0 1 1 = 1 1 2= 2 1 3= 3 1 4= 4
2 0=0 2 1 = 2 2 2= 4 2 3= 6 2 4= 8
3 0=0 3 1 = 3 3 2= 6 3 3= 9 3 4 = 12
4 0=0 4 1 = 4 4 2= 8 4 3 = 12 4 4 = 16
5 0=0 5 1 = 5 5 2 = 10 5 3 = 15 5 4 = 20
6 0=0 6 1 = 6 6 2 = 12 6 3 = 18 6 4 = 24
7 0=0 7 1 = 7 7 2 = 14 7 3 = 21 7 4 = 28
8 0=0 8 1 = 8 8 2 = 16 8 3 = 24 8 4 = 32
9 0=0 9 1 = 9 9 2 = 18 9 3 = 27 9 4 = 36
10 0 = 0 10 1 = 10 10 2 = 20 10 3 = 30 10 4 = 40
11 0 = 0 11 1 = 11 11 2 = 22 11 3 = 33 11 4 = 44
12 0 = 0 12 1 = 12 12 2 = 24 12 3 = 36 12 4 = 48
5 6 7 8 9
0 5= 0 0 6 = 0 0 7= 0 0 8= 0 0 9 = 0
1 5= 5 1 6 = 6 1 7= 7 1 8= 8 1 9 = 9
2 5 = 10 2 6 = 12 2 7 = 14 2 8 = 16 2 9 = 18
3 5 = 15 3 6 = 18 3 7 = 21 3 8 = 24 3 9 = 27
4 5 = 20 4 6 = 24 4 7 = 28 4 8 = 32 4 9 = 36
5 5 = 25 5 6 = 30 5 7 = 35 5 8 = 40 5 9 = 45
6 5 = 30 6 6 = 36 6 7 = 42 6 8 = 48 6 9 = 54

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7 5 = 35 7 6 = 42 7 7 = 49 7 8 = 56 7 9 = 63
8 5 = 40 8 6 = 48 8 7 = 56 8 8 = 64 8 9 = 72
9 5 = 45 9 6 = 54 9 7 = 63 9 8 = 72 9 9 = 81
10 5 = 50 10 6 = 60 10 7 = 70 10 8 = 80 10 9 = 90
11 5 = 55 11 6 = 66 11 7 = 77 11 8 = 88 11 9 = 99
12 5 = 60 12 6 = 72 12 7 = 84 12 8 = 96 12 9 = 108
12
0 12 =
0
1 12 =
12
10
11 2 12 =
0 10 = 0
0 11 = 0 24
1 10 = 10
1 11 = 11 3 12 =
2 10 =
2 11 = 22 36
20
3 11 = 33 4 12 =
3 10 = 30
4 11 = 44 48
4 10 = 40
5 11 = 55 5 12 =
5 10 = 50
6 11 = 66 60
6 10 = 60
7 11 = 77 6 12 =
7 10 = 70
8 11 = 88 72
8 10 = 80
9 11 = 99 7 12 =
9 10 = 90
10 11 = 110 84
10 10 = 100
11 11 = 121 8 12 =
11 10 = 110
12 11 = 132 96
12 10 = 120
9 12 =
108
10 12 = 120
11 12 = 132
12 12 = 144

1.2.3.1 Multiplication of whole numbers by one-digit number

with and without carrying (Revision)

Example1: 24
 In this example „24‟ and ‟2 are factors
x2
and „48‟ is a product.
48

Example2:  . We write 4 in ones columns below 3

and carry 2 to the tens place.
 . We add 2 to 12 and we get 14 and
write 14 to the left of 4
 So

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Note: The result of multiplication is called a product.

Activity1.2
I. Match the following products.
A B
____ 1. 3 a. 14
____ 2. 5×6 b. 5×11
_____ 3. 8×7 c. 4×3
_____4. 2×14 d. 6×5
_____5. 11×5 e. 7×8
2. What do you conclude from this activity?
___________________________________________
Note: When we multiply two whole numbers, changing the order of
the numbers does not change the product(result).
That is
If a and b are two whole numbers,
then a

This property is called Commutative property of multiplication.

Example:
a.5 x 4 = 4 x 5 b. 3 x 12 = 12 x 3
Both a and b show commutative property. Because, the result of
the product of both sides in each case is the same.

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Exercise 1.3
1. How fast can you multiply? Find the product orally
4 × 0 1 × 2 1 × 4 1 × 6 1×8 2 × 2 2 × 4 2 × 6 2 × 8 3 × 2
= = = = = = = = =
1 × 1 0 × 1 3 × 4 3 × 6 3 × 8 4 × 2 4 × 4 4 × 6 4 × 8 4 × 9
= = = = = = = = = =
1 × 3= 3 × 3 0 × 2 5 × 1 5 × 3 5 × 5 5 × 7 5 × 9 6 × 4 6 × 6
= = = = = = = = =
1 × 5 3 × 5 5 × 0 0 × 3 7 × 6 7 × 8 8 × 0 8 × 3 8 × 5 8 × 7
= = = = = = = = = =
1 × 7 3 × 7 5 × 2 6 × 7 0 × 4 8 × 9 8 × 8 9 × 8 9 × 9 9 × 1
= = = = = = = = = =
2 × 1 3 × 9 5 × 4= 6 × 8 7 × 1 0 × 5 9 × 0 9 × 3 7 × 7 5 × 5
= = = = = = = = =
2 × 3 4 × 1 5 × 6 6 × 9 7 × 3 8 × 1 0 × 6 9 × 5 8 × 8 4 × 4
= = = = = = = = = =
2 × 2 4×3 5 × 8 7 × 0 7 × 5 8 × 2 9 × 2 0 × 7 9 × 9 7 × 6
= = = = = = = = =
2 × 7 4 × 5 6 × 0 7 × 2 7 × 7 8 × 4 9 × 4 9 × 7 0 × 8 9 × 4
= = = = = = = = = =
2 × 9 4 × 7 6 × 2 7 × 4 7 × 9 8 × 6 9 × 6 8 × 9 6 × 6 0 × 9
= = = = = = = = = =
2. From the above table collect the products that are equal. The
first two are done for you.(Neatness counts.)
g. _______
a. 4 x 0=0 x 4 h. _______
i. _______
b. 3 x 4=4 x 3.
j. ___________.
c. ________ k. ____________
d. ________ l. ____________

e. _______
f. _________

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3. Complete the following table and make sure that
you know them all orally
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0 0 0 0
1 0 1 6
2
3
4 28
5 0
6
7
8 48
9
10
11
12 144

4. Multiply the following numbers. (Neatness counts.)

a)×32 b) 74 c) 21 d) 29 e) 103
x3 x 2 x 4 x 3 x 6

f) 38 g) 53 h) 32 i) 125 j) 208
x 4 x 5 x6 x4 x 2

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5. Solve each problem.(Neatness counts.)

Show your work.

a. Mohammed read 9 books with 40 pages

each. How many pages did he read in all?

There are __________ pages in each book.

Mohammed read ________ books.
Mohammed read ________ pages in all
b. How many legs do63 sheep have?

A sheep has _______ legs.

Sixty-three sheep have _________ legs.

c. The price of a book is 6 birr. What is the

price of 100 of these books?

The price of a book is ______________ Birr.

The price of 100 books is ___________ Birr.

1.2.4 Dividing Whole Numbers

Note: Unlike addition, subtraction and multiplication, we do each division

working from left to right.

Exercise 1.4
1. Complete each sentence. (Neatness counts.)
3
a. 8 24 is read as “__________ divided by 8 is equal to __________”.

b. 20 ÷ 5 = 4 is read as “_____________divided by 5 is equal to _______”.

c. 56 =8 is read as “____________ divided by 7 is equal to _.”

2. Divide the following numbers.

a. 56÷ 8 = __________ b. 72 ÷ 9 = __________ c. 48 ÷ 6= __________

d. 56÷ 7 = __________ e. 27 ÷ 3 = __________ f. 35 ÷ 7 = __________

g. 36÷ 6 = __________ h. 63 ÷ 7 = __________ i. 35 ÷ 5 = __________

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3. Divide the following numbers.

a. 4 52 b. 4 64 c. 7 63

d. 9 36 e. 8 72 f. 9 81

g. 60 ÷ 10 = ________ h. 80 ÷ 10 = _______ i. 90 ÷10 = ______

j. 100 ÷ 10 = _____
1.3 Place value
1.3.1 Place value of a digit in a number

Activity 1.3(Understanding Ones & Tens)

Do the following activity in pairs to complete the table.

1 One = 1
2 Ones = 2
3 Ones = 3

10 Ones = 10

Let us represent 10 Ones or 1Ten by this vertical stick.

So, =

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Activiy1.4( Understanding Tens & Hundreds)

Do the following activity in group to complete the blank spaces:

1 Ten = 10 Tens=

2 Tens = 20 Tens=

3 Tens = 30 Tens=

Tens= Tens=

Tens= Tens=

=10 Tens = 1Hundred =10

Remember that

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If we represent 10 Tensor1Hundred by , then = 200

and
= 300

Example 1

Write the number indicated in the picture below and

represent it in a place value table.

1. 2.
3.
Tens Ones Tens Ones Hundreds Tens Ones

2.

1 Ten 3 Tens 3 Tens 6 Ones

2 4 Tens 8 Ones
10 +3 =13 30 +6 =36 Hundreds
200 +40+ 8 =248
Place value table
Tens Ones Tens Ones
1 3 3 6
Thirteen Thirty six

Place value table

Hundreds Tens Ones
2 4 8
Two hundred forty eight

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Exercise 1.4

Write the number indicated in the picture below and

represent it in a place value table.

Tens Ones Tens Ones

1. 2.

Ten Ones Ten Ones

+ = + =
Place value table Place value table
Tens Ones Tens Ones

Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens

3. 4.

Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens _ Ones

+ + = + + =
Place value table Place value table
Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens Ones

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Hundreds Tens Ones Ones

5. 6.

Hundreds Tens Ones _ Tens _Ones

+ + = + + =
Place value table Place value table
Hundreds Tens Ones
Hundreds Tens Ones

Exercise 1.5
1. How many Hundreds, Tens and Ones are there in the
following numbers?
a. 146 has 1 Hundred 4 Tens and 6_Ones
b. 315 has___Hundreds____Tens and___ Ones
c. 486 has_____Hundreds___ Tens and___ Ones
d. 520 has____Hundreds____ Ten,and_____ Ones
e. 701 has_____ Hundreds____Tens and___ Ones
f. 880 has____ Hundreds Tens and____ Ones
g. 74 has____ Hundreds___Tens and____ Ones
h. 900 has____ Hundreds___Tens,and_____Ones
2. Write the numbers in figures or numerals.
a. 4 Tens and 3 Ones = 43
b. 5 Hundreds 0 Tens and 7 Ones = 507
c. 2 Hundreds 4 Tens and 1 Ones=
d. 3 Hundreds 5 Tens and 9 Ones=
e. 0 Hundred 8 Tens and 0 Ones=
f. 6 Hundreds 0 Tens and 0 Ones=
g. 8 Hundreds 0 Tens and 8 Ones=
h. 9 Hundreds 9 Tens and 9 Ones=

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1.4 Whole numbers up to10,000

1.4.1 Thousands, Hundreds, Tens and Ones

If we represent 10 Tens by ,then

= 10 Hundreds= 1000

100+100+100+100+100+100+100+100+100+100

1000 = 1 thousand = 1000

Remember that
100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 = 1000

Example 2

Write the number indicated in the picture below and

represent it in a place value table:
a Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

2 Thousands 3 Hundreds 4 Tens 5 Ones

2000 + 300 + 40 + 3 = 2345
Place value table
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
2 3 4 5
Two thousand three hundred forty five

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b Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

4 Thousands 0 Hundreds 8 Tens 9 Ones

4000 + 0 + 80 + 9 = 4089
Place value table
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
4 0 8 9
Four thousand eighty nine

Exercise 1.6

Write the number indicated in the picture below and

represent it in a place value table.
1. Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

+ + + =
Place value table
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

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[

2. Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

+ + + =
Place value table
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

3. Thousands Tens Ones

Thousands Tens Ones

+ + + =
Place value table
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

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4. Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

+ + + =
Place value table
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

10 Ones = 1 Ten = 10
10 Tens = 1 Hundred = 100
10 Hundreds = 1 Thousand = 1000

Exercise 1.7
1. How many Thousands, Hundreds, Tens and Ones are there in each of
the following numbers?
a. 2145 has 2 Thousands 1 Hundred 4 Tens and 5 Ones
b. 3306 has Thousands_______ Hundreds, ___Tens and ___Ones

c. 4420 has____ Thousands, ____ Hundreds,______ Tens and ___ Ones

d. 5211 has____ Thousands, ____Hundreds ____Tens and ____Ones

e. 602 has ___ Thousands, ____ Hundreds, ____Tens and _ _ Ones
f. 3706 has____ Thousands ___Hundreds, ____ Tens and ___Ones

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g. 2089 has ____Thousands, ____Hundreds, ____Ten, and ___ Ones

h. 904 has ____Thousands, ____Hundreds, ____ Tens, and ____Ones
i. 400 has ____Thousands, ____Hundreds, ____ Tens, and____ Ones

1.4.2. Place value and value of a digit

Activity 1.3(Identifying place value &value of a digit in a number)

The number 364 is represented in a place value table given

below.

 What is the place value of each digit?

 What is the value of each digit?

Example 3

Represent the number 2749 in a place value table.

What are the place value and the value of each digit
in the number?
Solution:

Thousan Hundre Ten One

ds ds s s
2 7 4 9

 The place value of 2 is Thousands and the

value of 2 is 2 Thousands = 2 ×1000 =2000
 The place value of 7 is Hundreds and the value of 7 is
7Hundreds
= 7 ×100 = 700

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 The place value of 4 is Tens and the value of 4 is 4 Tens

= 4 ×10 =40
 The place value of 9 is Ones and the value of

9 is 9 Ones = 9 ×1 = 9 Example 4

What are the place value and the value of each digit

in the number 5018? Solution:

 The place value of 5 is Thousands and the value of 5 is

5 Thousands =5 ×1000 = 5000
 The place value of 0 is Hundreds and the value of 0 is
0 Hundreds = 0 ×100 =0
 The place value of 1 is Tens and the value of 1 is 1 Ten=
1 ×10 =10
 The place value of 8 is Ones and the value of 8 is 8 Ones
=8 ×1 =8

 The value of a digit is the product of the digit and

its place value.
Value = Digit × place value
4 6 03
3×1=3
0 × 10 = 0
6 × 100 = 600
4 × 1000 = 4000

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Exercise 1.8

Write the place value and the value of the

underlined digit in the following numbers.

Place value value

a. 3462 Tens 6 Tens = 60
b. 4580
c. 9028
d. 8407
e. 6774
f.1046
g. 9903
h. 4891
i. 2787
j. 9329

1.4.3 Expanding the standard form of a number

Activity 1.4(Writing a number in expanded form)

Find the values of each digit in the number 3967 and add
them. What is the sum of all the values?
Example5
Write the following numbers in the expanded form.

Standard form
Value Expanded Form
of a
Number
6 Tens = 60
69 60 + 9
9 Ones = 9

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Standard form of a Value Expanded

number Form
5 Hundreds = 500

548 4 Tens = 40 500 + 40 + 8

8 Ones = 8

Standard form of a Value Expanded Form

number
6 Thousands =
6000
6025 0 Hundreds = 0 6000 + 0 + 20 + 5
2 Tens = 20
5 Ones = 5

Expanding a number means writing the

number as a sum of the values of itsdigits.
Example:
3582 = 3000 + 500 + 80 + 2

Exercise 1.9
1. Write the following numbers in the expanded form.
Standard form Expanded form
a. 4276 4000 + 200 + 70 + 6
b 6072
c. 1805
d 5006
e. 9960
f. 4038
g. 8184
h 9000
.

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2. Change the following expanded forms in to the standard

form.

Expanded form Standard form

a. 7000 + 100 + 50 + 9 7159
b. 4000 + 400 + 70 + 9
c. 1000 + 200 + 9
d. 3000 + 300 + 20
e. 2000 + 50 + 9
f. 5000 +4
g. 6000 + 400
h. 7000 + 500 + 2
i. 8000 + 1
j. 9000 + 900 + 90 + 9

1.4.4 Comparing and ordering numbers up to10,000

Remember that
„>‟ means “greaterthan5> 4
„<‟means “less than” 4 <5
„=‟means “equal to” 5=5

1.4.4.I Comparing Numbers by using‘<’,’>’, or ‘=’ symbols.

Example 1: Compare 64 and 75.

First look at the tens place 6 tens “is less than” 7 tens.
Therefore 64 < 75
Example 2: Compare 35 and 37
First look at the tens place of each number, they are the same.
Then look at the ones places, 6 < 7, so 35 < 37
Example 3: Compare 46 and 46.

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They have the same digit in the same place value, so 46 = 46

Example 4: Compare by using the symbols '<', '>' or '=' to

show smaller, greater or equal numbers.
a. 845 ____596 b) 473____485

c) 235_____231 d)312 ____ 300+10+2

Solution: a) Compare the digits in the hundreds
place. Since 8 > 5 845 > 596
b.473 485
Since the digits in the hundreds place are equal. We
compare the digits in the tens place.
Since 7 < 8, 473 < 485
c.235, 231
Here, the digits in the hundreds place are equal and the
digits in the tens are equal. So we compare the digits in
the ones place.
Since 5 > 1 so we write 235 > 231
d.312 300+10+2
Here 312 and 300+10+2 are the same numbers in different forms,
one in standard form and the later
in expanded form.Therefore, 312=300+10+2

For any whole number m ≠o, m-1 is the predecessor

of m, and m + 1 is the successor of m.
Note:

Example1

a) Given 43,The predecessor is 42 and the successor is 44.

b) Given 234, the predecessor is 233 and the successor is 235

c) Given 6,457 the predecessor is 6,456 and the successor is 6,458.

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Exercise 1.10
1. Compare the following pairs of numbers by putting the symbol

“<”, “>” or “=” in the box. (Neatness counts.)

a.54__________ 50 b. 89________ 90

c.87__________ 80+7 d. 123__________ 231

e. 435_________ 400+30+5 f.28__________80+2

g.200+40+3 __________ 200+40+2 h.77__________ 81

i. 643 __________ 641 j. 67+45__________ 45+67

2.For each of the following number write its predecessor and successor.

(Neatness counts.)

a.96 : Predecessor = __________________

Successor = ____________________

b.35 : Predecessor = __________________

Successor = ____________________

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c. 167 : Predecessor = __________________

Successor = ____________________

d.6,224 : Predecessor = ___________________

Successor = ______________________

Now we will learn, how to compare two or more 4-digit numbers?

Activity 1.5

The national Museum at 5 Kilo had the following

number of visitors in the last three days.

Day Number of visitors On which day did most

Saturday 1405 people visit? Order the

Sunday 1450 number of visitors from the

Monday 1250 largest to the smallest.

Illustration
From the table we see that all of the numbers are 4 digit numbers. Since 4 > 2,
The smallest number is 1250. when we compare the tens digits we see that 5 >
0.
So, The largest number is 1450.
- Most people visited on Sunday.
- The order of number of visitors is 1250, 1405, 1450.

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Steps to compare 4-digit numbers

Example: A man wants to buy a television. Model A costs 4843 birr and
Model B costs 4456 birr. Which model is more expensive

Step 1. Line up the digits in their appropriate places

4843
Since the Thousands are equal (4 = 4), we must continue 4456
comparing the hundreds.
Step 2. Compare the Hundreds.
4843
Since 8 > 4 or 800 > 400, 4843 > 4456 4456
Therefore Model A Television is more expensive.

Example 7 Grade 3 section A students contributed 1755 birr for the charity
day, and Grade 3 section B students contributed 1750 birr. Which
section contributed less?

Solution:

The two numbers differ in their Ones

1755
Since 0 < 5, 1750 < 1755. So section B contributed
1750 less.

Example 8 A small town has 9467 men and 9476 women. Does the
town has more men or women?
Solution:
9467
9476 The two numbers differ in their Hundreds

Example 9

Since 7 > 6, 9476 > 9467

So there are more women than men in the town Write the numbers, 7089,
7090 and 7290 in an increasing (ascending) order; that is from the smallest to
the largest.

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Solution The three numbers differ in their Hundreds

Since 2 > 0, 7290 is the largest. Next compare the first two number.

7 89
70 9 Since 9 > 8, 7090 > 7080
7 90
70 0 Therefore, 7080, 7090, 7290
7 90

Exercise 1.11

1. Compare the following numbers using’ >’,’ <’ or’=’

a) 457_____475 b) 774_____ 477 c) 605_____599 d)2699….2996

e)4045_____4105 f)471_____400+70+1 g) 3461_____3464

h) 5000+1000+200+10+1_____6000+200+10+1

2. Write the following numbers in an increasing order; that is from the

smallest to the largest. (Neatness counts.)

a) 346, 324, 365, 393 b) 244, 431, 959, 361, 741

________, ______, ______,_______ ________, ______, ______,_____

a) 34, 32, 36, 39 d) 25, 23, 50, 42

________, ______, ______,_______ ________, ______, ______,_______

e) 45, 32, 25, 34, 54 f) 201, 198, 340, 165, 98

________, ______, ______,________ _______, ______, ______,_______

g) 20, 10, 30, 50, 90 h) 370, 240, 427, 908, 405

________, ______, ______,________ _______, ______, ______,_______

i) 6490, 6940, 6094, 6904 j) 4532, 4323 , 4550,

4330
________, ______, ______,________ _______, ______, ______,_______

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UNIT TWO
Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers
up to 10,000

Unit Introduction
Unit two is designed to help you acquire skills to perform the basic
mathematical operations like adding and subtracting whole
numbers up to 10,000 and solving word problems.
Unit Outcomes:
After completing this chapter the studentswill be able to:

 Add whole numbers up to 10,000

 Subtract whole numbers up to 10,000
 Solve word problems using addition and subtraction.
2.1 Adding of Whole Numbers up to 10,000
2.1.1 Adding two Whole numbers without carrying.

Example 1: Example 2:

+ +

Note: When we add numbers,wealways move from right to left.

Exercise 2.1
I. Add the following numbers.(Neatness counts.)

a) + b) + c) +

d)+ e)+ f)+

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g) + h)+ i) +

2.1.2 Adding a one digit number to a two or more digit whole

number with renaming.
Example 3: 96 + 7
= 96 + 4 + 3
= 100 + 3
= 103

Example 4: 346 + 5
= 300 + 40 + 6 + 5
= 300 + 40 + 11
= 300 + 51
= 351
Example 5 4496 + 8
= 4496 + 4
= 4500 + 4
= 4504
Exercise 2.2
1) Find the sum of the following numbers.
a) 236 + 7 = __________ e) 835 + 8 = __________

b) 354 + 7 = __________ f) 925 + 6 = __________

c) 578 + 9 = __________ g) 754 + 7 = __________

d) 876 + 5 = __________ h) 426 + 9 = __________

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2.1.3 Addition of whole numbers with carrying

Example 6. Add +

Solution:
Step 1. Add the ones .5 + 9 =14 .14 ones that is 1ten and4 ones.
Write 4 below the line in ones place and carry 1ten.
Step 2. Add the tens. 1+ 5 + 6 =12 tens. That is 10 tens and 2 tens,
that is 1 hundred and 2 tens. Write 2 below the line in the tens
place and carry 1 hundred.
Step 3. Add the hundreds. 1+ 7+ 4 =12 hundreds. Write 2 below
the line in the hundreds place and 1 in the thousands place.

There fore
Exercise 2.3
Add the following numbers.

1) + 2) + 3) +

4)+ 5) + 6) +

7) + 8) + 9) +

10) + 11) + 12)+

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2.2 Subtracting Whole Numbers up to 10,000

2.2.1:Subtracting Whole Numbers without Borrowing.

Example7: - Example 8: -

Note: Like addition, when we subtract numberswealways move from right to

left.
 For any whole numbers “a” and “b”, a + b = b + a.

 For any whole numbers “a” and “b”, a – b ≠ b – a.

Exercise 2.4
Subtract the following numbers. (Neatness counts.)

1) - 2) - 3) - 4-

5) - 6) - 7) - 8) -

9) - 10) - 11) - 12) -

2.2.2: Subtracting one-digit numbers with Borrowing.

Example 9 or
523-5
= 500 + 20 + 3 ─ 5
= 500 + 10 + 13 ─ 5
= 510 + 8
= 518
Example 10 405 ─ 7
= 405 ─ 5 ─ 2 or
= 400 ─ 2
= 398

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Example 11 3008 ─ 9
= 3008 ─ 8 ─ 1 or
= 3000 ─ 1
= 2999

Exercise 2.5
1) Find the difference of the following numbers.
a) 106 ─ 7 = __________ c) 804 ─ 6 = __________

b) 104 ─ 5 = __________ d) 904 ─ 9 = __________

3) Fill in the blank spaces of the table with differences.
F G f-g
346 146
578 289
713 521
632 148

2.2.3: Subtracting Whole Numbers with Borrowing.

Example1
Borrow1hundreds Subtract the
1. Write1tensfrom 2 2. 3.
from 6 hundreds hundreds .we
621 tens and write 2
- 259 and write6 get
tens and1ones one
2 hundreds and 1 5-2=3and
tens as“11 ones.”
tens as “5 hundreds write 3 under
Thensubtract the
and 11 tens.” Then the hundreds
ones. We get 11-9
subtract the tens column
=2 and write 2
under the ones .we get 11-5 =6 Hence:
column. and write 6 under 621
621 the tens column - 259
- 259 621 362
2 -259
62
Note: In the above example,
621 is called minuend,
259 is called subtrahend, and
362 is called difference.

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 For any whole numbers „a‟ and „b‟, if „b‟ is greater than „a‟ we cannot
subtract „a‟ from „b‟.

Exercise 2.3
I. Subtract the following numbers. (Neatness counts).

1) - 2) - 3) -

4) - 5) - 6) -

7) - 8) - 9)-

2.3.Adding and Subtracting of Whole Numbers in Word

Problems.

 The following words are helpful to solve the word problems that are
related to addition and subtraction.

A) For addition B) For subtraction

i. Together i. Remain

ii. Both ii. Left

iii. Total iii. Difference

iv. And iv. Fewer than

v. Sum v. Older than

vi. All vi. More than

Example1:

In a basketball game, one team scored 36 points. The other team scored
27 points. How many total points were scored in the game?
Solution:

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One team scored 36 points and the other team scored 27 points.
From the given word problem we are required to find the total points scored in
the game.
We can see the word „total‟ in the given question. Therefore, our
operation is addition.
1
Therefore, 36
+ 27
63

The answer is 63.

From the above word problem, how many more points did one team score than

the other team?

Solution:

One team scored 36 points. The other scored 27 points. From the given

word problem, we are required to find the difference in points scored in

the game. We can see thewords„ more than‟ in the given question.

Therefore our operation is subtraction. Therefore

Exercise 2.3

I. Solve each of the following word problems.(Neatness

counts.)

1. Semir has 15 birds, 33 turtles, 48 hamsters, Show Your Work!

and 8 dogs. How many pets does he have
altogether?
Semir has __________ birds.
Semir has _________ turtles.
Semir has _________ hamsters.
Semir has _________ dogs.
The operation is ____________
Semir has ___________ pets.

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2. Two local high schools have 12,561 students

and 1,782 students. How many students are
there at both high schools?

One high school has __________ students. The

other high school has __________ students.
There are __________ students in both high
schools.
3. Mrs. Lemelem has 6,534 pencils.

Mrs. Rehana has 2,193 pencils.

How many more pencils does Mrs.
Lemelemhavethan Mrs. Rehana?
Mrs. Lemlem has ___________ pencils.
Mrs. Rehana has __________ pencils.
The Operation is ______________.
Mrs. Lemlem has ___________ more pencils
than Mrs. Rehana.
4. Abigiya had 48,344 birr. She gave 8,344 Birr
to Hana. How much money does
Abigyahaveleft?

Abigiya had ____________ Birr

Abigiya gave _____________ Birr to Hana.
The operation is ______________.
Abigiya has _______________ Birr left.

Review Exercise
I. Write true of false. (Neatness counts.)
__________1. When we add or subtract numbers, we always move from left
to right.
__________2. For any whole numbers „a‟ and „b‟, a - b = b –a.
__________3. For any whole numbers „a‟ and „b‟, if „b‟ is greater than „a‟,we
can subtract „a‟ from „b.‟

II. Fill in the blank spaces. (Neatness counts.)

1) The result of multiplication is called ____________________.
2) The result of division is called __________________________.
3) For any whole number m ≠ 0, m – 1 is the ____________ of m.
4) Unlike addition, subtraction and multiplication, we do each division
from ________________ to _______________

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III. Add the following numbers.(Neatness counts.)

1) 2) 3)
1) + 2) + 3) +

4) + 5) +

IV. Subtract the following numbers. (Neatness counts.)

1) - 2) - 3) -

4) - 5) -

V. Write the following numbers in expanded form.

(Neatness counts.)

1) 469 = ______________________.996 = ______________________.

2) 4,821 = ____________________.2,813 = ____________________.

3) 36,549 = ___________________.

VI. Compare the following numbers by using ‘<’, ‘>’ or ‘=’.

(Neatness counts.)
1) 4,630 ______________ 4,63169,526 ______________69,601

2) 221 ________________ 122502 _________________ 500

3) 5,680 ______________ 5,608

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VII. Solve the following word problems.(Neatness counts.)

Show your work!
1. Blen read 954 pages last week and 1,000
pages this week. How many pages did Blen
read in both weeks?

2. In the year 2012, Deborah was 10 years old. In

what year was she born?

3.If we divide 30 oranges between 6 students,

what will be the share for each student?

There are _______________ oranges.

There are ______________ students.
Each student will receive ________ oranges.

4.The number of male students in a G.S.S. school

exceeds that of female students by 145. If there
are 2,576 male students, what is the number
of female students?

There are __________ male students.

There are ___________ female students.
5.The difference between two numbers is 100. If
the lesser number is 520, find the larger
number.

The lesser number is ________________.

The larger number is ________________.

6.The sum of two numbers is 780. One of the
numbers is 240. What is the other number?

7. There are 4,682 students in a school. What is

that number rounded to the nearest
thousand?___________________________________

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UNIT THREE
Multiplication and Division of whole numbers up to
10,000

Unit Introduction

Unitthree is developed to help you gain the fundamental concepts and

skills of finding multiples of 100, 1000 and 10,000 with one digit numbers,
dividing multiples of 10 and 100 with one digit numbers up to 10,000, and
dividing whole numbers up to 10, 000 with one digit numbers with and without
remainder.
Unit Outcomes
After completing this unit the students will be able to:
 Multiply one digit numbers by the multiples of 100.
 Multiply whole numbers less than 10,000 with one digit numbers.
 Multiplying one digit numbers by the multiples of 1,000.
 Divide whole numbers 1-10,000by multiples of 10 and one digit numbers
with and without remainder.
 Relate the basic rules of multiplication and division to solve word
problems.
3.1Multiplying multiples of 100 by one digit numbers
Remember the multiples of 100 such as 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600
……are multiples of 100

Example:1
500  The easy way is first, multiply 5
X2 by 2
1,000
5x 2 = 10
Then put two zeros to the right of
the given answer.
Therefore, the answer is 1,000

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Example: 2  Like in the above example

3600 or 36
X3 X3
10,800 108

Then put two zeros to the right of

the given answer.
Therefore, the answer is 10,800

Exercise3.1
I. Multiply the following numbers.(Neatness counts)
1) 200 2) 300 3) 100 4) 1800

X2 x5 x9 x3

5) 6,100 6) 900 7) 800 8) 9,200

X4 x9 x7 x 7

1. Fill the remaining multiples of 100.

200 500

3.2 Multiplying a two digit number by 100 and 1000

 When a whole number is multiplied by 100, we add two zeros to the
end of the numbers. The result is called 100 folds of the original
number.

 When a whole number is multiplied by 1000, we add three zeros to the

end of the number. The result is also called 1000 folds of the original
number.

Example: 72 x 100 = 7, 200 9 x 1000 = 9,000

83 x 100 = 8,300 6 x 1000 = 6,000

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Exercise 3.2:
I. Multiply the following numbers (Neatness counts.)
a) 56 x 100 = ____________________. d) 62 x 1000 = ___________________.

b) 94 x 100 = ___________________. e) 70 x 1000 = ___________________.

f) 76 x 100 = ____________________.

3.3 Multiplying Multiples of 1000 by one Digit numbers.

Multiply each digit in the multiple of 1000 by the one digit
Example:1
4,000
X8
32,000

 The easy way is first, multiply 4 by 8

4 x 8 = 32
Then, put the remaining three zeros to the right of the given answer.
Therefore, the answer is 32,000

Example:2
First, multiply 6 by 3, 6x3=18
6,000
X 3 Then put three zeros at the right of
18000 the given answer.
Therefore, the answer is 18,000.
Exercise 3.3
I. Multiply the following numbers.(Neatness counts.)
a) 2,000 b) 4,000 c) 12,000 d) 5,000

X 5 x 4 x 8 x 5

e) 9,000 f) 18,000 g) 1,000 h) 8,000 i) 4,000

X9 x 5 x 9 x 9 x 5

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3.4 Multiplying whole numbers by one digit numbers up to 10,000.

Example:1 4,830 Example :2 2,103

left X 2 right x 2
_______________ _____________

9,660 4,206

Remember: For any whole numbers „a‟ and „b,‟ a x b = b x a.

 We do each multiplication from the right side to the left side.

Exercise 3.4
I. Multiply the following numbers.(Neatness counts.)
1) 254 2) 456 3) 3,321

X 3 x 1 x3

4) 2,468 5) 3,521 6) 699

x2 x 2 x 9

3.5 Dividing multiples of 10 and 100 by 10 up to 10,000.

3.5.1. Dividing Multiples of 10 by 10
Remember the following multiples.
Multiples of 10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 ………

Examples: 150 ÷ 10 = 15 40 ÷ 10 = 4
170 ÷ 10 = 17 80 ÷ 10 = 8
900 ÷ 10 = 90 7,000 ÷ 10 = 700

Note: If a number endingin zero is to be divided by 10, then the last zero
is removed. But, if the last digit of a number is not 0, then that digit is
the remainder.

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Exercise 3.5
I. Divide the following numbers.(Neatness counts.)
1) 40 ÷ 10 = ____________. 6) 30 ÷ 10 = ____________.

2) 90 ÷ 10 = ____________. 7) 50 ÷ 10 = ____________.

3) 600 ÷ 10 = ___________. 8) 2,000 ÷ 10= ________________.

4) 900 ÷ 10 = ___________. 9) 8,000 ÷ 10 = ____________.

5) 7,000 ÷ 10 = __________. 10)9,000 ÷ 10 = ____________.

3.5 .2 Dividing by 100 and 1000

i) Dividing by 100

Multiples of 100 = 100, 200, 300, 400………..

 If a number ending with two zeros is to be divided by 100, then those last
two zeros are removed.

Note:Every multiple of 100 can be the multiple of 10 but every multiple of

10cannot be the multiple of 100.
Examples: 800 ÷ 100 = 8
4800 ÷ 100 = 48
1000 ÷ 100 = 10
ii) Dividing by 1000
Multiples of 1000 = 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000…
 If a number ending with three zeros is to be divided by 1000, then those last three
zeros are removed.

Examples: 4000 ÷1000 = 4

7,000 ÷ 1000 = 7
Exercise 3.6
I. Divide the following numbers.(Neatness counts.)
1) 400 ÷ 100= ____________. 2) 3000 ÷ 100= ____________.

3)9000÷ 100 = ____________. 4) 5000 ÷ 100 = ____________.

5)6000 ÷ 100 = ___________. 6) 2,000 ÷ 1000= ________________.

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7)5000÷ 1000 = ___________. 8) 8,000 ÷ 1000 = ____________.

9) 6,000 ÷ 1000 = __________. 10)9,000 ÷ 1000= ____________.

II. Factorize each of the following as a product of

1000.(Neatness counts.)

a) 2,000 = __2 x 1000___ d) 10,000 = ______________.

b) 6,000 = ______________ e)8,000 = ______________.

c) 9,000 = _____________.

3.6 Dividing whole numbers up to 10,000 by one digit

numbers. with and without remainder

3.6.1Dividing whole numbers by one digit numbers, without

remainder

Note:Unlike addition, subtraction and multiplication, we do each division

workingfrom left to right.

Example:1

121
4 484 .put 1 above 4
-4
=8
=8 8 4 = 2. put 2 above 8
-8
The answer for 484 4 = 121

Example: 2
1 cannot be divided by 2, so we
633 divide 12 by 2
2 . put 6 above2
- 12
6 6 2 = 3.put 3 above 6
-6
= 6 6 2 = 3. put 3 above 6
-6

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=
The answer for 1266 2 = 633

 For any whole numbers“a” and “b,” a †b ≠b †a.

 b a can be written as

Exercise 3.7

I. Divide the following numbers and write the corresponding

multiplication. (Neatness counts.)

1) 3 936 2) 2 680 3) 2 806

4) 4 480 5) 2 680 6) 2 806

7) 4 804 8) 3 369 9) 8 424

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II. Divide the following numbers. (Neatness counts.)

1) 2) 3)

4) 5) 6)

3.5.2:Dividing Whole Numbers by one Digit Number (with

remainder)
Example :1
21
2 43
-4

3
-2
1 remainder, because 1 < 2.

1
Example:2 35
-3
2 remainder, because 2 < 3.

Note: When you divide a number by a divisorand if the last number is less

than that of the divisor, then that number is a remainder.

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Exercise 3.7

I. Divide the following numbers and show your work in the

space provided.(Neatness counts.)

1. 7 9 5

Remainder = __________________

2. 4 13 3

Remainder = _________________

3. 5 743
Remainder = _________________

3.6.3: Dividing Whole Numbers by 10, 100 and 1000 (with

remainder)

1) When a whole number is divided by 10,

 If the last digit of a number is not 0, then that digit is the remainder.
 The number formed by the remaining digit(s) is the quotient.

Example3: Determine the remainder and quotient of 245 ÷ 10

The last digit is 5, so the remainder is 5. The number formed by the remaining
digits is 24, the quotient.

2) When a whole number is divided by 100,

 If the last two digits are not all zeros, then the number formed in the same order is
the remainder.
 The number formed by the remaining digit(s) is the quotient

Example 4: Determine the remainder and quotient of 482 ÷ 100

 The number formed by the last two digits is 82, so the remainder is 82

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 The number formed by the remaining digit(s), 4, is the quotient.

3) When a whole number is divided by 1000,

 If the last three digits are not all zeros, then the three digit number formed in the
same order is the remainder.
 The number formed by the remaining digit(s) is the quotient.

Example 5: Determine the remainder and quotient of 9200 ÷ 1000.

 The number formed by the last three digits is 200, so the remainder is
200.
 The number formed by the remaining digit(s), 9, is the quotient.

Exercise 3.3
I. Divide the following numbers.(Neatness counts)

1) 430 ÷ 100= ____________. 6) 3015 ÷ 100= ____________.

2) 9003÷ 100 = ____________. 7) 5092 ÷ 100 = ____________.

3) 6010 ÷ 100 = ___________. 8) 2,000 ÷ 1000= ________________.

4) 5042÷ 1000 = ___________. 9) 8,025÷ 1000= ____________.

5) 6,008 ÷ 1000 = __________. 10) 9,121 ÷ 1000 = ____________.

Review Exercise
I. Write true or false.(Neatness counts.)
__________1. We do each multiplicationfromthe right side to the left side.
__________2. For any whole numbers „a‟ and „b,‟ a x b ≠ b x a.
__________3. For any whole numbers „a‟ and „b‟, a † b = b † a.
__________4. If a number ending in a zero is to be divided by 10, then that
last zero is removed.
__________5. We do each division from the right side to the left side.

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II. Multiply the following numbers. (Neatness counts.)

1) 600 2) 400 3) 8,000
X 3 x 7 x 8

4) 800 5) 9,000 6) 825

X 9 x 2 x 7

III. Divide the following numbers. (Neatness counts.)

1) 80 ÷ 10 2) 800 ÷ 10 3) 282 ÷ 10

4) 5 178 5) 7 52

remainder ________. remainder _________.

IV. Solve Each Problem
1) The school office received 457 books. If there are 8 classrooms receiving
the books, how many books will go to each classroom? How many books
will be left?
Each classroom will receive books.
There will be extra books.
2) A science club needs to sell 592 tickets to win a trip. If there are 9
members who want to go on the trip, how many tickets does each
member need to sell? How many extra tickets are left?
Each member needs to sell tickets.
There will be extra tickets.

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