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POC Automating ETL Testing

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Venkata Ramana
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14 views3 pages

POC Automating ETL Testing

Uploaded by

Venkata Ramana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Proof of Concept (POC) for Automating ETL Testing Using pytest

Objective
The goal of this POC is to validate the feasibility of automating ETL (Extract, Transform,
Load) testing using pytest.
The focus will be on ensuring data completeness, accuracy, integrity, and performance
across the ETL pipeline.

ETL Workflow Overview


1. Extract: Identify the data sources (e.g., databases, files, APIs).
2. Transform: Understand the transformation rules and business logic.
3. Load: Define the destination (e.g., data warehouse, database).

Key Test Scenarios


- Data Completeness: Verify that all data from the source is loaded into the destination.
- Data Accuracy: Validate that transformed data meets the expected rules and values.
- Data Integrity: Ensure referential integrity, primary key uniqueness, and absence of null
values.
- Performance: Assess the time taken for ETL processes (optional for POC).

Environment Setup
Prerequisites
Install the required tools and libraries:
pip install pytest pandas sqlalchemy pytest-html pytest-mock

Directory Structure
Organize the files as follows:
etl-poc/
├── etl_scripts/ # Your ETL scripts
├── test_data/ # Input and expected output data
├── tests/ # pytest test cases
├── test_etl.py
└── conftest.py # Shared pytest fixtures

Test Data Preparation


- Source Data: Create sample data files or database tables representing the input data.
- Expected Output Data: Define expected results after applying transformation logic.
- Target Data: Collect actual output data from the ETL pipeline for comparison.

Test Implementation
Writing Test Scripts
The following examples outline typical test cases for ETL pipelines.
Test Case: Data Completeness
Verify that the number of rows in the source matches the target.
import pandas as pd

def test_data_completeness(source_data, target_data):


source_count = len(source_data)
target_count = len(target_data)
assert source_count == target_count, "Data completeness failed!"

Test Case: Data Accuracy


Ensure that transformed data matches the expected data.
def test_data_accuracy(transformed_data, expected_data):
pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(transformed_data, expected_data)

Test Case: Data Integrity


Validate that primary keys are unique and no null values exist.
def test_data_integrity(transformed_data):
assert transformed_data['primary_key'].is_unique, "Primary key is not unique!"
assert not transformed_data.isnull().values.any(), "Null values found in the dataset!"

Reusable Components with pytest Fixtures


Use pytest fixtures for reusable components. Create these in a conftest.py file:
import pandas as pd

@pytest.fixture
def source_data():
return pd.read_csv("test_data/source_data.csv")

@pytest.fixture
def target_data():
return pd.read_csv("test_data/target_data.csv")

@pytest.fixture
def expected_data():
return pd.read_csv("test_data/expected_output.csv")

Executing the Tests


Run all test cases using the following command:
pytest -v

To run a specific test case, use:


pytest -v tests/test_etl.py::test_data_completeness
Test Reporting
Generate HTML Reports
Install pytest-html and generate reports:
pip install pytest-html
pytest --html=report.html

The report.html file will summarize the test results, making it easier to present and evaluate
the findings.

Evaluate the POC


1. Ensure the test cases validate the ETL pipeline effectively.
2. Compare the actual and expected outputs to confirm accuracy and completeness.
3. Highlight the benefits of automation:
- Scalability: Tests can handle growing data volumes.
- Repeatability: Tests can be reused for future ETL changes.
- Efficiency: Automates manual validation efforts.

Conclusion
This POC demonstrates that pytest is a viable tool for automating ETL testing. By using
fixtures, pandas for data validation, and reporting tools, we can establish a scalable and
reusable framework to ensure the reliability of ETL pipelines.

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