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Data Presentation and Interpretation Chapter 4

PR 2

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103 views17 pages

Data Presentation and Interpretation Chapter 4

PR 2

Uploaded by

nicolebalaong7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION
Data Presentation and Interpretation
Data presentation and analysis is one
of the most essential part in your
research study.
An excellent data presentation can be
potential for winning the hearts of the
panelists, clients, or simply the
readers.
No matter how good your data, if it is
not well presented, you will not be
able to earn the preferences of those
whom you are trying to persuade. Good data presentation matters
Significant steps you need to take note in preparing and
writing your data analysis after gathering the data

Encode and organize your data for analysis


according to the data asked by your
research questions

Use your data for statistical tests you have


identified.

Present the result in tabular or graphical


form appropriate for your data and
research purpose.
Significant steps you need to take note in preparing and
writing your data analysis after gathering the data
Write the interpretation for each table or graph
highlighting the significant results and its implications

Support your findings from relevant literature and


studies you have cited in the Chapter 2 of your
research paper

Edit the grammatical and typographical errors in your


interpretation. You may use www.grammarly.com to
edit your work.

Submit your work using the format given to you.


Remember the institutional format of your school
Techniques in Data Processing
Remember to organize your data based on your research questions.
The data processing involves three actions

EDITING

CODING

TABULATION
Techniques in Data Processing
Editing
A process wherein the collected data are checked. At this
stage, handling data with honesty should be employed.
When you edit it is expected that you will not change, omit,
or makeup information if you think that the data you
collected is insufficient or does not meet your personal
expectations. The main purpose of editing is for checking the
consistency, accuracy, organization, and clarity of the data
collected. Data editing can be done manually like traditional
tallying or with the assistance of a computer or combination
of both.
Techniques in Data Processing
• Coding is a process wherein the collected data are categorized and
organized. It is usually done in qualitative research. In quantitative
research, coding is done to assign numerical value to specific indicator
especially if it is qualitative in nature. This numerical value will be useful
when you are going to analyze your data using statistical tool. Just make
sure that the categories created are aligned with your research questions.
Consider the following example.
Techniques in Data Processing
• Tabulation is a process of arranging data. In many studies, table is
used to do this process. Tabulation can done manually or
electronically using MS Excel. Organize the data based on your
research questions. Before inputting your data into the table, it will
be helpful to review your statistics class on how to arrange data
according to the statistical techniques you will use.
• Take note that the digital tool you are going to use will also matter
on how you are going to tabulate your data; like MS Excel, Minitab,
or other digital tools have different ways of entering your data.
Correct arrangement of your data will be helpful during actual data
analysis.
Presentation and Interpretation of Data
• The next step after editing, coding, and tabulating the data is to
present them into graphical or visual presentation called non-
prose materials. The purpose of presenting the data in this way is
to make the outlined of the results more presentable. Non-prose
materials are composed of graphs, bars, tables, charts, diagrams,
illustrations, drawings, and maps.
• In quantitative research, tables and graphs are usually used.
Standard format in presenting the data into a table or a graph like
its title, labels, contents, and many more can be followed as well
when school institutional format is not provided or identified. You
may visit APA, CMOS, or MLA on how to do so.
Tables
Table helps summarize and categorize data using columns and rows. It contains
headings that indicate the most important information about your study.
To interpret the tables, one needs to do the following:
1. Analyze the connections among the details of the headings.
2. Check the unusual pattern of the data and determine the reason behind these.
3. Begin with the table number and the title.
4. Present the significant figures (overall results, high and low values, the unusual
pattern).
5. Refrain from repeating again what’s inside the table.
6. Support your findings with literature and studies that confirms or contrasts your
results.
7. Establish the practical implications of the results. This will add value to your
research findings.
8. End with a brief generalization.
Graphs
Graphs focuses on how a change in one variable relates
to another. Graphs use bars, lines, circles, and pictures in
representing the data. In interpreting the graph, it is the same
process in table. In choosing what type of graph to use,
determine the specific purpose of the presentation.
Line Graph illustrates trends and changes in data over
time, Bar Graph illustrates comparisons of amounts and
quantities, while Pie Graph (Circle Graph) displays the
relationship of parts to a whole.
End..

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