The Marine Phonetic Alphabet
The Marine Phonetic Alphabet
A phonetic alphabet is a list of words used to identify letters in a message transmitted by radio
or telephone. Spoken words from an approved list are substituted for letters. This practice
helps to prevent confusion between similar sounding letters, such as "m" and "n", and to clarify
communications that may be garbled during transmission.
An early version of the phonetic alphabet appeared in the U.S. Navy’s 1913 edition of The
Bluejackets’ Manual. It was paired with the Alphabetical Code Flags defined in the International
Code. Later Morse Code was added. During World War II, when it was necessary for the Navy
to communicate with the Army or Allied forces, signalmen were directed to use standard words.
These words changed again in 1957 when the current phonetic alphabet was introduced and
adopted by international agreement. The current (1957) phonetic alphabet is:
Alpha .– November –.
Bravo –... Oscar –––
Charlie –.–. Papa .––.
Delta –.. Quebec ––.–
Echo . Romeo .–.
Foxtrot ..–. Sierra ...
Golf ––. Tango –
Hotel .... Uniform ..–
India .. Victor ...–
Juliette .––– Whiskey .––
Kilo –.– X-Ray –..–
Lima .–.. Yankee –.––
Mike –– Zulu ––..
Digit Morse
0 ––––– 5 .....
1 .–––– 6 –....
2 ..––– 7 ––...
3 ...–– 8 –––..
4 ....– 9 ––––.