APPLIED MATHEMATICS B154 / TOEGEPASTE WISKUNDE B154

Tutorial 8 (ANSWERS) / Tutoriaal 8 (ANTWOORDE)

30 September 2024

Problem 1
The smooth surface of the vertical cam is defined in part by the curve
𝑟𝑟 = (0.2 cos 𝜃𝜃 + 0.3) m. The forked rod is rotating with an angular
acceleration of 𝜃𝜃̈ = 2 rad/s2 , and when 𝜃𝜃 = 45° the angular velocity
is 𝜃𝜃̇ = 6 rad/s. Determine the force the cam and the rod exert on the 2-
kg roller at this instant. The attached spring has a stiffness 𝑘𝑘 =
100 N/m and an unstretched length of 0.1 m.
[Hibbeler 13-104]

𝐹𝐹𝑁𝑁 = 5.76 N
𝐹𝐹 = −6.48 N

Problem 2
The pilot of the airplane executes a vertical loop which in
part follows the path of a cardioid, 𝑟𝑟 = 200(1 + cos 𝜃𝜃) m,
where 𝜃𝜃 is in radians. If his speed at A is a constant 𝑣𝑣𝑝𝑝 =
85 m/s, determine the vertical reaction the seat of the
plane exerts on the pilot when the plane is at A. He has a
mass of 80 kg. Hint: To determine the time derivatives
necessary to calculate the acceleration components 𝑎𝑎𝑟𝑟 and
𝑎𝑎𝜃𝜃 , take the first and second time derivatives of 𝑟𝑟. Then, for
further information, use the magnitude of the velocity to
calculate 𝜃𝜃̇.
[Hibbeler 13-106]
𝑁𝑁 = 2.95 kN

Problem 3
The pilot of an airplane executes a vertical loop which in part follows
the path of a “four-leaved rose”, 𝑟𝑟 = (−180 cos 2𝜃𝜃) m, where 𝜃𝜃 is
in radians. If his speed at 𝐴𝐴 is a constant 𝑣𝑣𝑝𝑝 = 24 m/s, determine the
vertical reaction the seat of the plane exerts on the pilot when the
plane is at 𝐴𝐴. He weights 650 N.
Hint: To determine the time derivatives necessary to compute the
acceleration components 𝑎𝑎𝑟𝑟 and 𝑎𝑎𝜃𝜃 , take the first and second time
derivatives of 𝑟𝑟 = (−180 cos 2𝜃𝜃) m. Then, for further information,
use Eq. 12–26 to determine 𝜃𝜃̇. Also, take the time derivative of Eq.
12–26, noting that 𝑣𝑣̇ 𝐶𝐶 = 0 to determine 𝜃𝜃̇.
[Hibbeler 13-108 14th ed]

𝐹𝐹𝑁𝑁 = 410 N

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Problem 4
The particle has a mass of 0.5 kg and is confined to move along the
smooth horizontal slot due to the rotation of the arm 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂. Determine
the force of the rod on the particle and the normal force of the slot
on the particle when 𝜃𝜃 = 30°. The rod has an angular acceleration
of 𝜃𝜃̈ = 3 rad/s 2 when 𝜃𝜃̇ = 2 rad/s at 𝜃𝜃 = 30°.
[Hibbeler 13-110 14th ed]

𝑁𝑁 = 6.37 N
𝐹𝐹 = 2.93 N

Problem 5
Tube 𝐴𝐴 rotates about the vertical 𝑂𝑂-axis with a constant angular rate
𝜃𝜃̇ = 𝜔𝜔 and contains a small cylindrical plug 𝐵𝐵 of mass 𝑚𝑚 whose
radial position is controlled by the cord which passes freely through
the tube and shaft and is wound around the drum of radius 𝑏𝑏.
Determine the tension 𝑇𝑇 in the cord and the horizontal component
𝐹𝐹𝜃𝜃 of force exerted by the tube on the plug if the constant angular
rate of rotation of the drum is 𝜔𝜔0 first in the direction for case (a)
and second in the direction for case (b). Neglect friction.
[Example from Meriam&Kraige]

Case (a): Case (b):

𝑇𝑇 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝜔𝜔2 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝜔𝜔2
𝐹𝐹𝜃𝜃 = 2𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝜔𝜔0 𝜔𝜔 𝐹𝐹𝜃𝜃 = −2𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝜔𝜔0 𝜔𝜔

Problem 6
The collar has a mass of 2 kg and is free to slide along
the smooth rod, which rotates in the horizontal plane.
The attached spring has a stiffness 𝑘𝑘 = 1 kN/m, and
when no force is applied to the spring the length 𝑑𝑑 =
0.5 m. Determine the length 𝑑𝑑 if the collar is at rest
with respect to the rod, yet due to the rod’s rotation it
is moving with a constant speed 𝑣𝑣 = 6 m/s.
[A3 2011]

𝑑𝑑 = 0.383 m

Problem 7
The smooth pin 𝑃𝑃 has a mass of 80g. It is attached to an elastic
cord extending form 𝑂𝑂 to 𝑃𝑃 and, due to the slotted arm guide,
moves along the horizontal circular path 𝑟𝑟 = (0.8 sin 𝜃𝜃) m. If the
cord has a stiffness 𝑘𝑘 = 30 kN/m and an unstretched length of
0.25m, determine the force of the guide and he normal force of
the circular path on the pin when 𝜃𝜃 = 60°. The guide has a
constant angular velocity of 𝜃𝜃̇ = 5 rad/s.
[Hibbeler 13-95]
𝑁𝑁 = 12.1 N
𝐹𝐹 = 7.67 N

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