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5.8 Integration by Substitution

Math

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29 views2 pages

5.8 Integration by Substitution

Math

Uploaded by

ethanhoang0108
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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5-8 Notes: Integration by Substitution ∫(5𝑥 2 + 1)2 (10𝑥)𝑑𝑥

“U” Substitution:

Obj: Change the variables in an integral that you can’t solve so


that you have an integration formula you know how to use. Most
often it will be to take care of multiplication inside the integral.

1. Look for a piece of the function whose derivative is also in


the function. If you’re not sure what to use, try the
denominator or something being raised to a power in the
function.
2. Set 𝑢 equal to that piece of the function and take the 2𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥
derivative with respect to the variable. √𝑥 2 + 1
3. Use your 𝑢 and 𝑑𝑢 expressions to replace parts of the
original integral, and your new integral will be much easier
to solve.

The substitution method for Indefinite Integrals


Substitution is a method of integration designed to “undo” the chain
rule. It generally involves 3 steps.

Given:
∫ 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥))(𝑔′(𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 ∫(4𝑥 − 2)3 𝑑𝑥
Step 1: 𝑑𝑢
= ∫ 𝑓(𝑢) 𝑑𝑢 Let 𝑢 = 𝑔(𝑥), then 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑔′(𝑥)

Step 2. = 𝐹(𝑢) + 𝑐 Find the antiderivative of 𝑓


Step 3. = 𝐹(𝑔(𝑥)) + 𝑐 Substitute 𝑔(𝑥) back for 𝑢

Pattern Recognition

Ex.
∫ sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ∫ sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

∫ sin 𝑥 cos 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ∫ sin 𝑥 cos2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

∫ 2√5𝑥 − 3𝑑𝑥 ∫ 2√5𝑥 − 3𝑑𝑥

∫ 5𝑒 2𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥 ∫ 5𝑒 2𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥

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