Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

DIPLOMA PROGRAMME IN COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

Sanjivani K.B.P.POLYTECHNIC , KOPARGAON

K-Scheme

SEMESTER –I

COMMUNICATION SKILLS (ENGLISH) 311303

MISS N.P.AHER
 Guidelines to improve English

• Practice makes a man perfect. So, read, write and listen in English as much as you can.

• Read newspaper, magazines, and books in English.

• Develop habit of referring dictionary.

• Watch English news.

• Think in English.

• Speak in English , record your own voice and listen to it

• Seek help especially from your teachers, talk to them in English and ask them to correct you

whenever you are wrong.

• Confidence is the key to success, so don't hesitate to make use of English.

 Index

Sr. Unit Content Wei

No No ghta
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1 Unit- I Unit - I Vocabulary 12
1.1 Phonetics :Vowels(12) Consonants (24) Diphthongs (8)
1.2 Prefix & Suffix:. Definition & Examples , List of common prefixes and
suffixes
1.3 Synonyms & Antonyms : Vocabulary expansion , Context & Usage
1.4 Homophones : Identifying Homophones , Meaning & Context ,
Vocabulary Expansion
1.5 Collocations : Definition & identification , Types of collocations

2 Unit- Unit - II Paragraph and Dialogue Writing 12

II 2.1 Types of paragraphs: Technical , Descriptive , Narrative
2.2 Dialogue Writing: i Greetings ii. Development iii. Closing Sentence
3 Unit- Unit - III Comprehension (Seen and Unseen Passages) 24
III 3.1 1 Passages from MSBTE workbook
1.Say No to Plastic bags
2.Interview of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
3.Maximum Achievements
4.Be Remarkable
5.Arunima Sinha: A Biography
6.Roses of Gratitude
3.2 Importance of Comprehension
3.3 Unseen Passages
3.4 Interpretation of passages in written and Spoken form
4 Unit - Unit - IV Communicative Language 14
IV 4.1 Technical objects : i. Heading ii. Description of technical objects
4.2 Picture Description : i. Situational picture ii. Describe in your own words
4.3 Diary Entry : i. Date ii. Content iii. Name of the writer
4.4 Translation of paragraph from English to Marathi/Hindi-Vice versa
5 Unit - Unit - V Presentation Skills 8
V 5.1 Dressing & Grooming : i. Dressing for the occasion ii. Proper
grooming
5.2 Speech Writing : i. Situation ii. Salutations iii. Introduction of the topic iv.
Description/Body v. Conclusion
5.3 Power Point Presentation : i. Layout ii. Font size iii. Color combination
5.4 Kinesics : i. Facial expressions ii Eye contact iii Postures iv
Gestures
TOTAL MARKS 70

Unit - I Vocabulary
1.1 Phonetics: Vowels (12) Consonants (24) Diphthongs (8)

Phonetics is a component of linguistics that deals with speech sounds. English has 26 letters of the
alphabet which represents 44 sounds.
Among the 44 sounds, there are 12 Pure Vowels (monophthongs), 8 Diphthongs, and 24 Consonant
Sounds.

12 Pure Vowels

1. /ɪ/ – fit /fiːt/, pick /piːk/, difficult /ˈdɪ.fɪ.kəlt/

2. /e/ – pet /pet/, sent /sent/, attention /əˈten.ʃən/
3. /æ/ – pat /pæt/, flat /flæt/, family /ˈfæ.mə.li/
4. /ʌ/ – cut /kʌt/ jump /dʒʌmp/, cover /ˈkʌ.vər/
5. /ʊ/ – put /pʊt/, book /bʊk/, cushion /ˈkʊ.ʃən/
6. /ɒ/ – pot /pɒt/, dog /dɒg/, hospital /ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl/
7. /ə/ – about /əˈbaʊt/, system /ˈsɪs.təm/, complete /kəmˈpliːt/.
8. /i:/ week /wi:k/, feet /fi:t/, media /ˈmiː.di.jə/
9. /ɑ:/ hard /ha:/, park /pa:k/, article /ɑː.tɪ.kəl/
10. /ɔ:/ fork /fɔ:k/, walk /wɔ:k/, August /ɔːˈɡʌst/
11. /ɜ:/ heard /hɜ:d/, word /wɜ:d/, surface /ˈsɜː.fɪs/
12. /u:/ boot /bu:t/, group /gru:p/, beautiful /ˈbjuː.tɪ.fəl/

8 Diphthongs

1. /eɪ/ place /pleɪs/, late /leɪt/, dangerous /ˈdeɪn.dʒə.rəs/

2. /oʊ/ home /hoʊm/, phone /foʊn/, global /ˈɡloʊ.bəl/
3. /aʊ/ mouse /maʊs/, brown /braʊn/, accountant /əˈkaʊn.t̬ənt/
4. /ɪə/ clear /klɪə/, fear /fɪə/, career /kəˈrɪə/
5. /eə/ care /keə/, wear /weə/, declare /dɪˈkleə/
6. /ɔɪ/ boy /bɔɪ/, toy /tɔɪ/, enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ.jə.bəl/
7. /aɪ/ find /faɪnd/, bite /baɪt/, tiger /ˈtaɪ.ɡə/
8. /ʊə/ tour /tʊə/, pure /pʊə/, mature /məˈtʃʊə/

24 Consonant

1. /p/ paper /ˈpeɪ.pə/

 2. /b/ trouble /ˈtrʌ.bəl/
3. /t/ better /ˈbe.tə/
4. /d/ order /ˈɔː.də/
5. /k/ / talking /ˈtɔː.kɪŋ
6. /g/ game /geɪm/ bigger /ˈbɪ.gə/
7. /f/ fine /faɪn/
8. /v/ vine /vaɪn/
9. /s/ seal /si:l/
10. /z/ zeal /zi:l/
11. /ʃ/ show /ʃoʊ/
12. /ʒ/ measure /ˈme.ʒə/
13. /ʧ/ choke /ʧoʊk/
14. /ʤ/ joke /ʤoʊk/ damage /ˈdæ.mɪdʒ/
15. /θ/ thin /θɪn/ method /ˈme.θəd/
16. /ð / then /ðen/ other /ˈʌ.ðə/
17. /l/ love /lʌv/ follow /ˈfɒː.loʊ/
18. /m/ mail /meɪl/ humour /ˈhjuː.mə/
19. /n/ nail /neɪl/
20. /ŋ/ sing /sɪŋ/ singer /ˈsɪ.ŋə/
21. /h/ heal /hi:l/ perhaps /pəˈhæps/
22. /r/ real /ri:l/ correct /kəˈrekt/
23. /j/ you /ju:/ beyond /biˈjɒnd/
24. /w/ we /wi/ showing /ˈʃoʊ.wɪŋ/

Transcribe the follow words in international phonetic alphabet.

1. top /tɒp/
2. rub /rʌb/
3. hot /hɒt/
4. bad /bæd/
5. / back /bæk/
6. bag /bæg/
7. offer /ˈɒf.ə/
8. saving /ˈseɪ.vɪŋ/
9. missing /ˈmɪ.sɪŋ/
10. face /feɪs/
11. crazy /ˈkreɪ.zi/
12. phase /feɪz/
13. pushing /ˈpʊ.ʃɪŋ/
14. rush /rʌʃ/
15. vision /ˈvɪ.ʒən/
16. asia /ˈeɪ.ʒə/
17. watching /wɒ.tʃɪŋ/
18. catch /kætʃ/
19. damage /ˈdæ.mɪdʒ/
20. large /lɑːdʒ/
21. method /ˈme.θəd/
22. both /boʊθ/
23. other /ˈʌ.ðə/
24. with /wɪð/
25. follow /ˈfɒː.loʊ/
26. well /wel/
27. humour /ˈhjuː.mə/
28. some /sʌm/
29. funny /ˈfʌ.ni/
30. fine /faɪn/
31. singer /ˈsɪ.ŋə/
32. perhaps /pəˈhæps/
33. correct /kəˈrekt/
34. beyond /biˈjɒnd/
35. showing /ˈʃoʊ.wɪŋ/

36. difficult /ˈdɪ.fɪ.kəlt/

1.2 Prefix & Suffix:. Definition & Examples, List of common prefixes and suffixes
 Prefix

Prefix Example
de Decompose, demolish decode, deactivate, degrade, depart
dis disadvantage, disability, disappear, disappoint
mis Misfortune, misunderstanding, misuse, misbehave, mismatch, misfit
semi Semi-English semifinal, semiconductor, semicolon, semisolid
un Unhappy, unable, unauthorized, unfortunate, unavailable
vice Vice-president, vice-versa, vice-principal, vice-chairman
micro Micro-teaching, micro-phone microchip, microbiology, micro-organism

2 Suffix

Suffix Example
ment arrangement, agreement, engagement
ship friendship, partnership, leadership
ion nation, admission, conclusion
al social, proposal, dismissal
ly slowly, finally, normally

1.3 Synonyms & Antonyms: Vocabulary expansion, Context & Usage

Synonyms

Word Synonym
accomplish achieve ,complete , finish
adversity Calamity, hardship, difficulty
bondage Slavery, burden , repression
compulsion obligation
confuse amaze, astonish Perplex ,puzzle, bewilder
dismal gloomy
enormous huge
humble meek, polite
illegal banned, forbidden, unlawful , banned
pretty attractive, beautiful
modest shy, humble
sympathy affinity, compassion
obstacle Obstruction, hindrance , impediment, barrier
timid bashful, afraid
vacation holiday
zest interest, flavor
variety Diversity, multiplicity
unique uncommon, rare
magnificent glorious, wonderful
vague indefinite, uncertain
Impediment barrier, drawback
comprehend understand
cause reason
Knowledge education, expertise
brave courageous, bold
Pretty attractive ,beautiful
Humble modest , meek
Compulsion- force , pressure
Enormous huge, immense
Magnificent- superb splendid, glorious
Vacation holiday , leave break
Modest- humble , meek , reserved
Unique sole ,single , only one of it
Timid shy , fearful , nervous

Antonyms

Word Antonym
aggravate appease, soften
benevolent greedy, selfish, mean
create destroy
deep shallow
emigrant native
frequent rare
genuine false, counterfeit
hollow solid
ideal imperfect
kindle extinguish
loquacious quite, silent
material immaterial, intangible
slender fat
original derivative
rigid flexible
strange common, familiar, normal
sympathy indifference, disdain
trivial important
victory failure, defeat
zenith bottom
Above below
Strange common
Advance retreat
Accept reject
Ancient modern
Beautiful Ugly
Brave Coward
Confident diffident
Expand contract
Industrious lazy
Transparent opaque
Knowledge ignorance
Honor dishonor
Lend borrow
Optimistic pessimistic
Imagination reality
Guilty innocent
Natural artificial
Famous unknown
Permanent temporary
Urban rural
Before after
 Black white
dangerous safe
Cheap expensive
Early late
Empty full
Fast slow
Forwards backwards
First last
good bad
thick thin
rude polite
sharp blunt
right wrong
similar different
tall short
open closed
high low
hard soft
inside outside
long short
many few
narrow wide
old new
Public private
strong weak
Sooth rough
Right wrong
Rapid slow
up down

1.4 Homophones: Identifying Homophones, Meaning & Context, Vocabulary Expansion.

Homophone is a word that is pronounced the same as another word but that has a different spelling
and meaning

a) Ancient: very old

Antique: belongings to the past

b) Accept: to receive, not to decline

Except: leaving out

c) Allude: to refer to
 Elude: to escape

d) Allusion: reference
Illusion: false

e) Compliment: regards, appreciation

Complement: anything that completes

f) Coarse: rough
Course: path, contents of study

g) Desert: barren land, to leave or abandon

Dessert: a dish of fruits and sweets, served at the end of a meal.

h) Eligible: qualified
Illegible: handwriting which cannot be read

i) Facilitate: make easy

Felicitate: congratulate

j) Flagrant: glaring, wicked

Fragrant: full of perfume and sweet smell

k) Flare: burn in flames, to get angry soon

Flair: talent, quality

l) Graceful: lovely, full of grace

Gracious: kind, merciful

m) Gentle: noble, good in behavior

Genteel: elegant, well dressed

n) Goal: destination
Gaol: jail

o) Humility: politeness, meekness, modesty

Humiliation: disgrace, insult

p) Jest: joke, fun

Zest: enthusiasm

q) Metal: an element
Mettle: courage

r) Ordinance: an authoritative declaration

Ordnance: gun or cannon
s) Personal: belonging to one’s own self
Personnel: employees working in an organization

t) Prescribe: to put in courses, to suggest as a medicine, issue commands

Proscribe: monitor

u) Perfect: complete in all respects

Prefect: monitor

v) Query: enquiry, doubt

Quarry: a mine, a storehouse of stone

w) Stationary: not moving

Stationery: writing material

x) Weak: feeble
Week: seven days

y) Rout: to defeat
Route: the way to a journey

z) Reveal: to show
Revel: enjoy , delight

aa) Specious: apparently correct but false

Spacious: having large space

bb) Reverend: deserving respect

Reverent: feeling respected or honored

cc) Momentary: temporary

Momentous: very significant
 Proceed - to continue doing something
 Precede - to happen before something
1. The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.
2. She preceded her speech with a vote of thanks to the organizing committee.
3. We must proceed with our work.
4. Class test precedes final exam
 Mill - a factory that produces materials
 Meal - an occasion when people sit down to eat food
1. Lunch is the main meal of the day.
2. He is working in a paper mill.
 Here – to this place
 Hear – to listen
1. I can’t hear you.
 2. I live here.
3. Put the box here.
 Heroin - highly addictive narcotic
 Heroine – a woman known for her special achievements.

1. The story of the movie moves round the heroine, who is shown addicted to heroin.
 Eligible - fit to be chosen
 Legible - which can be read , neatly written
1. He is eligible for the post.
2. His writing is legible.
 Sight - power of seeing
 Site - construction area
1. You can meet me at the site.
2. He lost his sight in the recent accident.
3. Due to old age his sight has become little weak.
 Desert - dry region
 Dessert – a sweet dish served at the end of meal.
1. The Sahara desert is the largest one in the world.
2. We shall move on to dessert, if the meals are over.
 Decent - a good quality
 Descent - a slope going downward.
1. There is a gradual descent to the sea.
2. Everyone said that he was a decent sort of guy.
 Lose - not to win
 Loose - not tight
1. The sportsman’s shoe lace was so loose that he had to lose the running trophy.
 Complement - which completes
 Compliment - regards
1. Husband and wife are complementary to each other.
2. Please convey my best compliments to your parents
 Hail means to greet or to come from and as a noun it is frozen raindrops;
hale means healthy or (as a verb) to haul.
 Heal – to cure

1. This medicine will help you in quick healing.

2. She hails from Texas
 Check - to verify
 Cheque - a bank document to withdraw money.
1. Hari was told to deposit a cheque.
2. He checked my passport.
 Beside means by the side of;
 Besides means in addition to.
1. Doctor was sitting beside the patient.
2. I can speak English besides Hindi & Marathi.
 Storey a floor of a building
 Story a tale, a narrative.
1. I live in a multi storey building.
2. It is an interesting story.
 Right means correct;
 rite is a ceremony, usually religious;
 write means to make words.
1. I am writing a poem on nature.
2. His reaction on the issue was quite right.
 Council a group of people called together to meet on an issue
 Counsel advice
1. The staff council decides the provisional detention of students.
2. He never gives wrong counsel to anybody.
 Practice the use of an idea or method; the work or business of a doctor, dentist, etc.
 Practise to do something repeatedly to gain skill; to do something regularly
1. Practice makes man perfect.
2. Don’t preach but practise.
 Principal -most important; the head of a school
 Principle a fundamental rule or belief
1. The Principal of my college published a book on “Principles of Electronics”
 Rise when the object is lifting itself
 Raise when the object is being risen by another force
1. She raised her hand at the teacher’s request.
2. I rise each morning at six.
 Personal - private or individual
 Personnel - people employed in an organization.
1. Don’t interfere in my personal matter.
2. They are government personnel.

Exercise : The underlined words in the following sentences are used incorrectly.
Replace them with the correct words and rewrite the sentences:

a) The principle of the college was present for the meeting.

The principal of the college was present for the meeting.

b) The rein of Akbar was spectacular in history.

The reign of Akbar was spectacular in history.

c) A hoard of dacoits looted the village.

A herd of dacoits looted the village.

d) They had morning in their house at the death of their mother.

They had mourning in their house at the death of their mother

e) We salute our army personal.

We salute our army personnel.
 f) No deserts were served after the dinner.
No desserts were served after the dinner.

g) I do not know weather my dad will come or not.

I do not know whether my dad will come or not.

h) The goods train is stationery.

The goods train is stationary.

i) Ram is very week.

Ram is very weak.

j) My new home is very specious.

My new home is very spacious.

k) The soldiers show a lot of metal during wars.

The soldiers show a lot of mettle during wars.

l) The boss complemented his employees on their success.

The boss complimented his employees on their success.

m) The jasmine flowers are flagrant.

The jasmine flowers are fragrant.

1.5 COLLOCATIONS
A collocation is a combination of words that are commonly used together. The
simplest way of describing collocations is to say that they ‘just sound right’ to native English speakers. It
is important to learn collocations because they naturalize one’s speech. Besides, they broaden one’s scope
for expression.
Collocations starting with the verb ‘Do’
a) Do me a favour: The boss asked Varun to do him a favour.
b) Do the cooking: As the guests came home unannounced, mother asked her daughter to
do the cooking.
c) Do the housework: The maid was directed to do the housework.
d) Do the shopping: On the last day of our exams, we decided to do the shopping.
e) Do your best: Father told his children to do the best in Athletics.

Collocations with the verb ‘Have’

a) Have a bath: During summer, one should have a bath twice in a day.
b) Have a haircut: Students should regularly have a haircut for a disciplined look.
c) Have a holiday: Do you have a holiday on Monday?
d) Have a problem: Some people have a problem in every situation.
e) Have lunch: Why don’t you have a lunch at this restaurant?
f) Have sympathy: People should have sympathy for the underprivileged.

Collocations with the verb ‘Break’

a) Break the law: Few people feel proud when they break the law.
b) Break the leg: The police threatened the thief to break his leg if he doesn’t tell the truth.
c) Break a promise: Gentlemen never break a promise.
d) Break a record: Students these days break a record in scoring above 90 percent marks.
e) Break the news to someone: It’s difficult to break the news of somebody’s death.
f) Break the rules: The principal warned the students not to break the rules of the college.

Collocations with the verb ‘Take’

a) Take an exam: To judge the IQ level, it is important to take an exam.
b) Take a break: Arvind’s mother told him to take a break from his studies.
c) Take a look: Take a look at the breathtaking sight.
d) Take a rest: The traveller decided to take a rest.
e) Take a seat: The interviewer told the candidate to take a seat.
f) Take a taxi: It’s better to take a taxi in rainy season.
g) Take notes: The teacher told the students to take notes during her lecture.

Collocations with the verb ‘Make’

a) Make a difference: Ajay asked his friend how he could make a difference in someone’s life?
b) Make a mess: The boys in the hostel make a mess of their room.
c) Make a mistake: One should not make a mistake repeatedly.
d) Make a noise: The Head of the Department requested the students not to make a noise during college
gathering.
e) Make an effort: To excel in life you have to make an effort.
f) Make money: Father told his son not to make money by doing wrong things.
g) Make progress: Entrepreneurs make progress by doing hard work.

Collocations with the verb ‘Pay’

a) Pay respect: It is an honor to pay respect to the martyrs who sacrificed their lives for our country.
b) Pay a fine: In USA one has to pay a fine for breaking the rules.
c) Pay attention: The teacher told Kumar to pay attention during the lecture.
d) Pay by credit card: These days it is easy to pay by credit card.
e) Pay someone a visit: Avoid paying someone a visit on Sundays.

Collocations with the verb ‘Keep’

a) Keep a secret: It is not easy to keep a secret.
b) Keep calm: Keep calm even if someone upsets you.
c) Keep in touch: Tarun asked Tanay to keep in touch through e-mails.
d) Keep quite: Students were asked to keep quite during the seminar.

Collocations with the verb ‘Save’

a) Save yourself the trouble: By regular exercises, you save yourself the trouble of getting obese.
b) Save electricity: It is our moral responsibility to save electricity.
c) Save money: Intelligent people save money for future.
d) Save someone’s life: Have you ever saved someone’s life?

Collocations with the verb ‘Go’

a) Go bald: It’s a fashion to go bald these days.
b) Go abroad: Many students go abroad for higher studies.
c) Go bankrupt: Spendthrifts usually go bankrupt.
d) Go sailing: It’s fun to go sailing on the seas.
e) Go to war: Soldiers are always ready to go to war.

Collocations with the verb ‘Come’

a) Come into view: In jungle safaris, tourists have to wait for the wild animals to come into view.
b) Come on time: Anu requested her friends to come on time for her birthday party.
c) Come prepared: The candidates were asked to come prepared for the Aptitude Test.
d) Come to an agreement: To maintain peace and order, the two countries should come to an agreement.
e) Come to an end: Finally, the session has come to an end.

Collocations with the verb ‘Get’

a) Get a job: To get a job, candidate should be confident and fluent.
b) Get angry: People should not get angry on petty issues.
c) Get frightened: Children get frightened during night.
d) Get permission: The students approached the Principal to get permission for an industrial visit.
e) Get ready: Mother told her daughter to get ready for the party.

Collocations related to ‘Time’

a) Free time: I like to listen to music in my free time.
b) From dawn till dusk: Farmers work from dawn till dusk to earn a living.
c) Make time for: We should make time for our hobbies.
d) Right on time: Bina reached the examination hall right on time.
e) Waste time: Do not waste time, because time once gone never comes back.

Collocations related to ‘Business English’

a) Annual turnover: The annual turnover of the companies depends on the effective team work,
marketing and other strategies.
b) Break off negotiations: It’s important to break off the negotiations during business meetings.
c) Come to the point: The teacher told Arjun to directly come to the point.
d) Dismiss an offer: Vinay had to dismiss an offer of job as he met with an accident.
e) Draw a conclusion: In every experiment, students draw a conclusion at the end.
f) Launch a new product: Marketing plays an important role in launching a new product.

Exercise: Write sentences using the following collocations:

1. Take a look Take a look at the beauty of nature.
2. Break the law They are taught in the school to not break the law.
3. Save money He saved money for his daughter’s education.
4. Chair a meeting The principal chair a meeting of the class teachers’ regarding poor
attendance of the students.
5. Go crazy He has gone crazy about Facebook.
6. Get the message He told me that he didn’t get the message.
7. Get nowhere You will get nowhere if you don’t change yourself.
8. Come to the point Avoid digression and come to the point.
9. Come into view The problem didn’t come into view until he informed us.
10. Come to an end His rule came to an end with his death.
11. Chair a meeting Sujay was asked to chair the meeting.
12. Draw your attention to I want to draw your attention to our new scheme.
13. Draw a conclusion How can you draw a conclusion just by listening one side?
14. Make a profit He made a profit out of this business.
15. Dismiss an offer He dismissed my offer of partnership.
16. Break off a negotiation India broke off a negotiation with Pakistan.
17. Run out of time The paper was so lengthy that I ran out of time.
18. Have a good time I have a good time with my friends.
19. Catch a cold Don’t go outside, you will catch a cold.
20. Go to war India doesn’t want to go to war with Pakistan.
21. Go overseas He went overseas for business.
22. Do nothing He did nothing for us.
23. Do your best Do your best and you will succeed.
24. Keep a diary I have a habit of keeping a diary.
25. Save yourself the trouble He misbehaved and saved me the trouble of defeating him.

Unit - II Paragraph and Dialogue Writing

2.1 Types of paragraphs: Technical , Descriptive , Narrative

Paragraph and Dialogue Writing.

LED TV
 LED TV represents an advance technology. LED TVs are like LCD TVs. The
difference is just that these new sets use LED backlights rather than the fluorescent-type backlights used
in most LCD TVs. There are currently two main ways that LED backlighting is applied in LCD flat panel
televisions. One type of LED backlighting is referred to as Edge Lighting. In this method, a series LED
backlights are placed along the outside edges of the screen. The light is then dispersed across the screen.
The other type of LED backlighting is referred to as Full-Array. In this method, several rows of LEDs are
placed behind the entire surface of the screen. The new LED TV sets offer the following things: 1. Lower
power consumption. 2. No Mercury used as in some other LCD backlight systems. 3. More balanced
color saturation.

Smartphone
A smartphone is a mobile phone that can do more than other phones. They work as a
computer but are mobile devices small enough to fit in a user's hand. Uses include sending
and receiving emails, text, photographs and multimedia messages, registering contacts,
calculator, currency, alarm, browsing the internet using a mobile browser, playing games and
much more. The smartphones usually come with a large touchable display and an inbuilt
QWERTY keyboard. Because smartphones are small computers, they run an operating system
that is often common between devices to ensure compatibility. The majority of smartphones
run on Apple iOS or Google Android but others use Windows Phone or BlackBerry OS. Most
can do multitasking, running more than one program which helps the user do things quicker
and easier.

Dishwasher
A dishwasher is a mechanical device for cleaning dishware and cutlery. Unlike
manual
dishwashing, which relies largely on physical scrubbing to remove soiling, the mechanical
dishwasher cleans by spraying hot water, typically between 45 and 75 °C (110 and 170 °F), at
the dishes, with lower temperatures used for delicate items. A mix of water and dishwasher
detergent is pumped to one or more rotating spray arms, which blast the dishes with the
cleaning mixture. Once the wash is finished, the water is drained, more hot water is pumped
in and a rinse cycle begins. After the rinse cycle finishes and the water is drained, the dishes
are dried using one of several drying methods. Sanitation is achieved by either the use of a
booster heater that will provide a 82 °C (180 °F) "final rinse" temperature or through the use
of a chemical sanitizer.
Importance of Sports and Games
As the saying goes, health is wealth. To remain healthy one should play sports and
games because a healthy mind stays in a healthy body. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain health and
physical fitness. Sports and games provide relief, happiness, and relaxation in a busy life. It also
inculcates the team-spirit among players. They develop sense of discipline, friendships among players.
They also teach us the value of time as we have time limit in the sports and games. Sports and games
make person active, sportive, energetic by using energy in proper way. They also make man sportive and
dashing. Besides, sports and games divert our mind when we are under stress. Thus, sports and games
have positive impact on our healthy life.

An Accident
 Accidents now days become a matter of regular happening. An accident which still
haunts my memory & kept me restless for months was that on 3 Oct. 2012. I was just crossing the road
when suddenly the signal showed red light& stopped. Unfortunately the old man, next to me could not
notice the change in signal & moved ahead. A bike rider hit the old man & he fell down. He received
head injuries. Soon a mob gathered there & the injured person moved to the hospital. Tough it was not
fault of the man bike, he bore the expenses one thing which I observed at the place of accident was that
the road was badly in need of repairing on that I have witnessed the saying that
Drive at full speed is call for death.

A scene at The Railway Station

The railway station presents an interesting scene. A railway station is a place where
different kinds of rails came, stand & start from. A railway station is crowded place. There is great rush
at booking windows. In front of 2nd class booking window stands a long line of passengers for their turn
to get tickets. At the platform large number of passenger are waiting for the train. Some of them are
sitting on the benches. Others are sitting on the bare ground or on their own boxes or trunks. Every now
and then they look in the direction from which the train is to come. When the train arrives, all are anxious
to get and occupy a seat. The passengers who want to get down at the station open the doors. Others, who
are to get into the train, try to get into the train. Thus who get in, sit in their seats or remain standing.
Other run up and down the platform to find a vacant seat. . The hawkers go up and down with their wares
placed in trays. The ticket collector is at the gate. The platform which was full of life a minute before
becomes a dull place.

Effects of Water Pollution

Water pollution is a major global problem. Water pollution occurs when pollutants
are discharged directly or indirectly into water. It is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases.
Drinking polluted water spreads disease like cholera or typhoid infections, along with diarrhea. It affects
body organs & cause injury to the heart and kidneys. It harms the food chain: Toxins within water can
harm aquatic organisms, thus breaking a link in the food chain. The erosion of soil into waterways causes
flooding, especially with heavy rainfall. It harms animals: Birds that get into oil-contaminated water die
due to feather damage. Other animals are affected when they eat dead fish in contaminated streams.

Working Women & House Wives

Women of 21 century have made a drastic change in the society. Most of the
women these days are educated and are working at very good positions. We could not deny that a
housewife would give good love and care to her children, her in-laws and everybody at home, but she
cannot be helpful to her family in term of the economic matters whereas a working woman can be helpful
to her husband and family economically. She can give her best quality of life to her children and family
members. Her skills can be shared among her children. The children develop within themselves to imitate
others and hence try to imitate their mother by her matured quality. Her knowledge improves every day.
She gets to know more information on the everyday quality of life. However, she cannot give her love
and care to children Earlier the women were not given more prominence and were not exposed to the
outer world. However, nowadays due to the rapid increase in the technology the scenario has changed
completely. Women have been empowered today. If we choose to be a housewife, we normally have no
other way but to cook at home and look after the children. The children get the utmost pleasure of their
mothers and the love of their grandfather and grandmother. In this context their personal relations with
others will be improved. On the other hand, if we choose to become a working woman, she has to work
for which she gets paid and her family gets the benefit of having a good living. Therefore housewives and
working women both have their own pros and cons.

Health is Wealth:
As the saying goes, that if you have the entire world’s wealth. Wealth comes to a
person through hard work and perseverance, and one can work hard only if / she is healthy. To remain
healthy one should exercise regularly, eat healthy food, think positive and laugh. This will lead to
happiness in yourself and your surroundings. If one is positive and happy one can put in more efforts in
the work. More work will lead to more wealth and happiness. So eat healthy and feel healthy.

Honesty is the best policy:

One should be honest in one’s dealings. Dishonest and unfair means may succeed
in the short run, but they may not pay off in the long run. But because of the prevailing trends even the
honest people are forced to adopt dishonest means. One is judged by the wealth that one possesses and
nobody cares how that wealth is acquired. One will not be plagued with a guilty conscience and will not
suffer the mental agony resulting from such if one lives honestly. Therefore we can say that honesty gives
a kind of satisfaction which no amount of money can buy.

A Sunset
It was amazing to watch the sunset from the sea-shore of Karde Beach. The sight of
sunsetwas mesmerizing. The incredible crown seemed to be made of silver and gold, the colour of
sunset. The enchanting shiny Jewels, spectrum of rainbow, that decorated its smooth, shiny
surface held everyone’s breath, present over there. We could see the orange and yellow.
reflection of the setting sun in the water. Slowly the sun set behind the mountains and the
whole seashore started shining once again with the reflection of moon.

My Favorite Family Experience

One of my favorite family experiences was when I went to see Anne Frank’s (a
Jewish victimof the Nazi persecution during World War II) hideout in Amsterdam, Holland. I had read
Anne’s published diary when I was young. So I was extremely thrilled to actually have the
chance to see where she and her family hid from the Germans for so many months. I walked
up the stairs of an apartment building and in00to a room with only a bookshelf in it. From what I
remembered from reading the diary, there was a doorknob behind the books. I found the
doorknob and turned it and there was the secret annex. When I stepped into the room behind
the bookshelf, I felt as if I had stepped back into history. I found Anne’s room still with
pictures of her favorite celebrities on her walls. The Frank family’s furniture was still placed
where they had left them in the rooms, everything just as described in the diary. I toured each
room in awe of actually seeing how they had lived, yet with sadness to know how it all ended.
Anne’s diary was no longer just a book to me, but true heart-felt, emotional life story written
by a girl I felt I almost knew.

Life Now and Five Years Ago

My life now and my life five years ago are similar but there are also some major
differences.Five years ago, I was living in Hyderabad and going to high school. I didn’t have to work
because my parents supported me. I had the responsibility of taking care of my younger sister
as my parents were working. I didn’t really have any major goals five years ago. I wasn’t
really thinking about my future quite yet. On the other hand, now I live in New Delhi and I
have to work now in order to support myself. I have a more responsibility now than I did five
years ago. I have some major goals now. For instance, I want to graduate and get my degree. I
have a lot of things that I want to accomplish now. Five years ago, I really wasn’t going
anywhere with my life, but now I’m starting to get my life in order and deciding what I want
to do now. My life now has changed a lot in only five years.

Town Life versus Country Life

As every coin has two sides, in the same way every aspect has two sides. Town life is a
lifewhere people can enjoy the glamorous night-life, ethnic food and here there is a lot of scope
for entertainment and education. But on the other hand life in Town is not so easy because of
crime, rude and unfriendly people etc. In country people are usually quiet and friendly,
neighbors are not isolated against each other. Country is not crowded so one can breathe fresh
air. Children also have good values and ethics. But contrary to all this, people in country are
close minded, orthodox, uneducated etc. Therefore it all depends on individuals’ whims and
fancies, to select either a Town life or a Country life.

Internet - Uses and Misuses

In today’s ultra-modern and hi-tech world, internet plays a vital role in everybody’s
life. Internet is used from child to old man for various purposes. Children use internet for downloading or
playing games. Searching information from internet is an important part of students’ life. On the other
hand, some people use internet for entertainment like watching videos, listening music and so on. Some
people use internet for social networking purpose. Internet is also used in software companies for work. It
keeps us connected to the other part of the world and helps binding the globe together. However
increasing use of internet leads to internet addiction and misuse especially among children. Children
spend most of their time on chatting, surfing the web, playing games etc. Excessive internet usage causes
social isolation and depression.
 2.1 DIALOGUE WRITING
2.1 Dialogue Writing: i Greetings ii. Development iii. Closing Sentence

• Dialogue between Doctor & Patient

Patient: Good morning, doctor

Doctor: Good Morning, Please have a seat here.
What brings you here?

Patient: I have been feeling weak and tired for the whole week
Doctor: I see, it is always good not to neglect such complaints

Doctor: Do you have occasional headache.

Patient: No headache

Doctor: What about cold, cough or pain anywhere?

Patient: Not anything like that.

Doctor: Are you sure you have usual appetite & relish for food?
Patient: Okay

Doctor: Your blood pressure & temperature is ok. But we‘ll need to run a blood test & also need
a urine sample.
Patient: Is it a serious matter?

Doctor: No, It may not be serious now, but if neglected it is bound to prove troublesome.
Patient: I would of course not neglect it.

Doctor: All right

Patient: Can you give me something for time being?

Doctor : Yes , I am prescribing you these tablets Take them & avoid oily food.
Patient : Thank you.

Doctor : okay .

• Dialogue between mother & son about good eating habits

Son: Mom, I am feeling very weak from two to three days.

Mother: Son I have been telling you that you should eat healthy food to be strong.

Son: Yes but the healthy food which you give me is not spicy and tasty.
Mother: Son it is very important to reduce all the junk food that you eat.

Son: Why mom?

Mother: Junk Food leads to obesity and laziness. But if you eat healthy food it will give you a lot
of Energy.

Son: Yes mom I understand, I will try to eat fruits, green leafy vegetables, salads, milk etc. so that I feel
more energetic and I can concentrate on my studies and sports as well.

3. Dialogue between two friends about importance of English

Reena: Hi Rohan How are?

Rupa : Hi I am fine & How about you?

Reena: I am fine too

Rupa : How nice it feels now that the exams are over.

Reena: I too feel relaxed.

Rupa: But I am worried about my English paper?

Reena : Why?
Rupa: My English is poor. I want to improve my English but I am unable to do it.

Rupa : What is the problem?

Reena: I hesitate while speaking. Sentences do not come in my mind and I just fall flat.

Rupa : Do you practice grammar?

Reena: I practice now and then.

Rupa : You need to practice it daily as it will help you in speaking.

Reena : How will it help me?

Rupa : Sentences will automatically come in your mind if you know grammar as grammar will help your
mind construct sentences as a result you will be able to speak without hesitation
Reena: My friend practices grammar daily still he is unable to speak fluently. What is the reason?

Rupa: Only having the knowledge of grammar is not enough. We need to practice speaking daily to
master the language. How many hours does he speak?
Reena : He does not speak much.

Rupa : How can you expect him to be a fluent speaker. I advise both of you to speak English very often.
Be sure soon you will be fluent in English speaking. English is very easy language and can be learnt. You
just need to put your sincere efforts.
Reena : Thank you for your valuable suggestions. I will act upon your advice.

4. Dialogue between Bank Manager and Customer regarding opening a new account

Customer : Good Morning Sir

Bank Manager : Good Morning. What can I do for you?

Customer : Sir I want to open a savings account in your bank. Can you please guide me
for the same?
Bank manager : Surely! Fill in all necessary details in the green application from and paste
passport size photograph for the passbook.
Customer : Sir, which documents do I need to attach with the form?
Bank Maneger : You mustr attach the photocopies of your identity proof and address proof as
specified on page no. 2 .

Customer : All right sir. When would I get the passbook and cheque book?
Bank Manager : Within four working days after you submit the application form.

Customer : Thank you.

Bank Manegar : You are welcome.

5. Develop a dialogue between a teacher and student regarding the student’s

queries.
Tarun : Excuse mi sir. May I come in ?
Teacher : Yes come in Tarun.

Tarun : Good morning sir.

Teacher : Good Morning Tarun. How are you studies going on ?
Tarun : Doing well sir, I have a few queries in English subject.
Teacher : Ok what are the queries ?

Tarun : Sir, please tell me the meaning of the idiom In a nutshell?

Teacher : It means ‘in brief or in short’
.
Tarun : Oh! Thank you sir. I want to know the meaning of the collection “break the ice”.
Teacher : It means ‘initiate the discussion or break the silence’.

Student : Thank you so much sir.

Teacher : You are welcome and all the best for your exams.
6. Develop a dialogue between two student regarding the English paper

Sunil : Hi Suraj!
Suraj: Hi! How was the English paper?

Sunil: It was quite good. I am sure I will scope good marks. What about you?
Suraj: Not that easy Question paper was very difficult.

Sunil: Why?
Suraj: You know I am not good grammar.

Sunil: But you might have done well in solving the question based on Prose Section.
Suraj: Yes I did; but the third question was difficult for me. I could not write the speech on the
given situation.

Sunil: That was only for four marks.

Suraj: Moreover, I am not sure about the answer I wrote for fourth Question.

Sunil: What was difficult in question no. 4?

Suraj: Collocations are really hard for me ; but the unseen Passage will surely make me score 12
out of 12.

Sunil: I think you will score well. The paper was set nicely and it was as per the curriculum.
Suraj: Wish me best luck. Thanks for the concern.

Sunil It’s my pleasure. See you then.

Suraj: See you.

• Dialogue between Bank Manager and Customer regarding bank loan

Customer: Good Morning Sir!
Bank Manager: Good Morning! What can I do for you?

Customer: Sir I want loan to purchase a flat.

Bank manager: surely! Are you salaries person or businessman?

Customer: Salaried person

Bank Manager: Okay! Fill in all necessary details in this green application form and
Paste passport size photograph on the first page.

Customer: Sir, which document do I need to attach with the form

• Dialogue between a subject teacher and a student asking for permission to

leave early due to illness
Student : Good morning, madam.
Teacher : Good morning, Anuja.

Student : Madam, I want to go early today.

Teacher : Why? What is problem?

Student : Madam, I am not feeling well.

Teacher : Oh! What are you suffering from?

Student : I am suffering from headache.

Teacher : Ok. You can leave early today. But make sure that you cover
today’s study after you feel well.

Strudent : Sure madam. Thank you very much.

Teacher : You are welcome. And consult a doctor. Take care.

Student : Thank you, madam.

Teacher : Ok

9. Develop a dialogue between a book seller and customer regarding ‘availability of books’.

Customer: Excuse me sir?

Book seller: Yes! How can I help you?

Customer: I want to take some books.

Book seller: Sure! May I know the name of books?
Customer: I want communication Skill, physics and chemistry books.
Book seller: Let me check.

Customer: Is it available sir?

Book seller: Yes. Here they are!

Book seller: 485 rupees only.

Customer: Ok. Here it is. Thank you very much sir. Good day.

Book seller: Welcome. Good day.

10 A dialogue between two students of the same school who are meeting in their new
Institute

Amit: Excuse me, have I seen you somewhere?

Rajiv: Oh yes, I think we are from the same school, Rosary school, right?

Amit: Yes, I now remember that you were my junior by two years. Have you taken
admission here in this institute?

Rajiv: Yes, in first year Computer. What about you? Are you also here?
Amit: Yes, I am a final year student of Computer Engineering in this institute. Glad to
have you here.

Rajiv: It is good to know that you are here. I was feeling very nervous and tense.
Amit: Do not worry at all. I will help you. Please let me know if you have any problem.

Rajiv: Sure, I will, Bye.

Amit: Bye, take care.

11 A dialogue between two students of the same institute enquiring about each
other.

Sita: Hello
Geeta: Hello

Sita: May I know your name please?

Geeta: Sure, I am Geeta Pande from Jalgaon.
Sita: Are you a student of this Institute?
Geeta: Yes, I am a first year student of diploma in Civil Engineering. How about you?

Sita: I am Sita Kapur from Satara. I am a final year student of diploma in Civil Engineering in
this institute.

Geeta: Nice meeting you. Bye.

Sita: Bye, see you.

12.A dialogue between a visitor and a student where the visitor enquires about the
office.

Visitor: Excuse me, May I know where the institute office is?
Rahul: Certainly, it is on the ground floor of this building. Take a left turn from the porch and
the first room to your left, is the administrative office.

Visitor: I want to meet the Cashier. When does the office open? What are the office timings?
Rahul: The office timings are from 10:30 am to 5:30 pm. You can meet the Cashier, Mr.
Pandit by 10:30 am.

Visitor: Thank you for the information.

Rahul: It is my pleasure.

13.A dialogue between a parent and a student where the parent enquires about the
timing of the institute.

Parent: Excuse me, may I know the timings of your institute?

Student: Oh yes! It is from 10:30 am to 6:00 pm but sometimes we have to come early at
8:30 am or 9:30 am for our extra lectures.

Parent: Is Saturday a working day for you?

Student: We have only two working Saturdays. We have holiday on the 2nd and 4th Saturday.
Sometimes we work on the 1st, 3rd and 5th Saturday also.

Parent: Do you have a half day college on working Saturdays?

Student: No, we have the usual 10:30 am to 6:00 pm schedule.

Parent: Thank you so much for the information.

Student: It is my pleasure.

14.A dialogue between two friends regarding the schedule of final exam.
Rohit: Hi Riya!
Riya: Hi Rahul!

Rohit: Do you know when our final exam is?

Riya: The exact date is not declared but I think the final exam will be in the first week of
December.

Rohit: When does our term end?

Riya: The first term ends on the 30th of November. The term schedule is displayed on the
notice board.

Rohit: Yes, I know I want to plan my vacation. Do you think we will be free by the 15th of
December?

Riya: I don’t think so. But I feel it is better to ask the Exam In charge and find out.
Rohit: Certainly. I will find out. Bye.

Riya: Bye.

15. A dialogue between two friends where one friend enquires about the other’s
reason of absence in college.

Sneha: Hi Gauri! Why were you absent yesterday?

Gauri: Hi Sneha! I did not come as I was not well. I had fever.

Sneha: Did you consult the doctor then? What did he say?
Gauri: Yes I went to the doctor yesterday. He gave some medicines and advised me to rest
for a day.

Sneha: What is the reason behind your illness then?

Gauri: Nothing serious; it is actually the changing weather conditions that cause the illness.

Sneha: Oh! Yes. The weather these days is really bad. Even I feel a little feverish today.
Anyway take care and get well soon.
Gauri: Thanks and you too take care.

16.A dialogue between Class Representative and Principal about asking for
permission to go for a visit to IT Park.

CR: Good morning Sir, I am Sonali Raut, CR [Class Representative] of first year E&TC
class.
Principal: Good morning. What is your problem?

CR: Sir, we want to arrange a class visit to Hinjewadi, Pune. We want to see the IT Park
there. We plan to go on the coming Saturday so that our regular classes are not disturbed. Sir
we need your permission for this visit. It is a one day visit.
Principal: How many students are going and who are the teachers accompanying you?

CR: Sir, we are total 40 students, 25 boys and 15 girls. Two teachers will come with us
Mr.Gupta and Mr.Raut from E&TC department.
Principal: All right. Write an application stating all the details.

CR: Sure Sir, Thank you very much.

17. A dialogue between the General Secretary of a college and the Principal
regarding permission to celebrate Teacher’s Day.

General Secretary: Good morning Sir.

Principal: Good morning.

General Secretary: Sir I am the G.S. of our institute. Sir the students want to celebrate
Teacher’s Day on 5th September that is in next week. Sir will you please allow us to conduct
the programme?
Principal: What is the nature of the programme? Tell me the details.

General Secretary: Sir, we propose to have the programme at 4:00 pm in the Impact Hall.
We will take care that regular teaching and classes are not affected. But we want all the
teachers to be present for the programme. Sir, we also plan to keep some games and activities
for the teachers. May we have your permission for these activities?
Principal: Go ahead.

General Secretary: By tomorrow I will show you the details of the programme. Thank you
very much Sir. Good day to you.

Principal: Good day.

18.A dialogue between a subject teacher and a student asking for permission to leave
early due to illness.

Amey: Good morning Madam.

Prof. Shinde: Good morning

Amey: Madam, I am not feeling well today. May I go home early today?
Prof. Shinde: What is wrong with you?

Amey: I have a stomach ache. May I go home?

Prof. Shinde What lecture or practical do you have next?

Amey: Madam, I have your English practical from 4 pm to 6 pm. Will you please excuse my
absence?
Prof. Shinde: Sure. Rest for some time and get well soon.

Amey: Thank you very much Madam.

Prof. Shinde: It is all right.

19. A dialogue between subject teacher and student about extension of time limit for
the Technical Presentation Assignment.

Kiran: Madam we are not ready with our Technical Presentation assignment .We are not
prepared. May we do it next time?
Prof. Raut: But I have already given you one week’s extension of time limit.

Kiran: Madam last week was our second test. So we studied for the test. This week we will
prepare this assignment and then do the presentation next week.

Prof. Raut: What if you are again not prepared by next week?
Kiran: That will not happen Madam, please trust us.

Prof. Raut: All right, I will give you one more chance.
Kiran: Thank you very much Madam.
Unit - III Comprehension (Seen and Unseen Passages)

3.1 1 Passages from MSBTE workbook

1. Say No to Plastic bags

1. What types of plastic material is found on the streets?

1. Empty biscuit wrappers,
2. Empty pan masala pouches,
3. Plastic bags ,
4. Plastic bottles

2. How is plastic an environmental hazard?

1. It is one of the modern chemical materials that are not biodegradable.
2. It remains in a landfill for millions of years.
3. So it is an environmental hazard.

3. Compare the use of plastics by Indians, Europeans & Americans.

1. India uses 3 kg per person per year.
2. Europeans use 60 kg per year.
3. Americans use 80 kg per year.

4. How are Goa & Ooty- Free from plastic use?

1. Both Cities have very strict ban on plastic.
2. The local population too has enforced the ban, taking pride in keeping their cities free from
plastic.
3. Even Fisherwoman packs the fish in newspaper than plastic bag.
4. Ooty has stylish newspaper bags for packing things.

5.What measures to be taken to avoid the use of plastic bags?

1. Everyone should have to take responsibility.
2. Carry a cloth bag for shopping.
3. Put a basket into dickey of your car or bike.
4. Stop buying bottled water.

Que. 2 A] Answer the following Questions in about 75-80 words each.

1. What is the disastrous effect of plastic on sea?
 1. The problem of plastic pollution in the ocean is very serious and requires attention of all the
countries in the world
2. Plastic flowing in the drainage blocks the water providing a shelter for mosquitoes to breed.
3. Disposal of plastic in oceans affects both marine animals and also the seabirds.
4. The biggest sufferers of this garbage are turtles, Turtles suffer enormously of marine
pollution
5. The sheer volume of plastic in the ocean is shocking and the worst part is people are still
throwing away their plastic waste instead of recycling it.

2. How has plastic spoiled the land?

1. Plastic is a commodity that is consumed on a large-scale all around the world.
2. This material takes years to discompose, which is one of the factors that kill many animals in
water as well as on land.
3. Disposing plastic into water or land causes contamination and even increases the mortality
rate of animals. Soli degradation is caused due to plastic material
4.
3. Interview of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

1. What are Dr. Abdul Kalam’s views on dreams?

1. According to him, dreams are nothing but goals or mission in life.
2. We can convert our goals into success with the help of our parents’ teacher & lifelong self-
commitment.

2. What does Dr. Kalam think about failures?

1. Everyone has to go through some success & some failures in life.
2. According to him great success has some element of failures.
3. A person should have to face those failures in life to get success.

3. How does Dr. Kalam explain the problem of unemployment of India’s engineering graduates?
1. In India, students do not learn the application of knowledge whatever they study in college.
2. Students don’t get the industry experience like other countries.
3. They don’t get the experience to work within the system.

4. Which incident taught Kalam the value of planning, teamwork & time?
1. As per Prof. Srinivasan’s instructions, Dr. Kalam and his friend had to complete a workable
project of designing low-level (low altitude) attack fighter aircraft within six months.
2. If they were failed to do that, his scholarship would be stopped. They worked hard together
day and night, Saturdays and Sundays; and complete the project within time. This incident
taught him the value of planning, teamwork, and time.

5. What four qualities, according to Dr. Kalam, are important for success in life?
1. A clear aim in life
2. Knowledge
3. Hard work
4. Perseverance is important for success in life.
 6. What is the advice of Dr. Kalam to the new generation?
1. They must think in new way.
2. They must grow in thought.
3. They should have great thoughts, great aims.
4. They should transform their thoughts into action with the help of perseverance& devotion.

7. Why does Dr. Kalam stress on the importance of acquisition of usable skills?
1. Students don’t have qualities & skills needed to job.
2. Entrepreneurship is not part of our curriculum
3. Therefore, thirty percent of educated people are unemployed because of lack of usable
skills. So he stress on the importance of acquisition of usable skills.

8. How does the success story of kalam inspire the new generation?
1. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s journey from common person to president of India inspires the
new generation to dream big and pursue their goals
2. He is the epitome of success. His journey towards success is revealed during the
interview. His thoughts are expressed in his deeds.
3. He is the man of action. His personality inspires many of us and compels us to follow our
path with conviction & aim.
4. His journey towards success was not so easy. He faced hardships & failures with courage
& determination.
5. His passion ,dedication and devotion motivate us to gain knowledge to achieve success in
life.

9. Describe the qualities and achievements of a successful person you know.

1. Kiran Bedi, as we all know, is the first woman to enter the Indian police service
2. Bedi joined the police service in 1972.
3. Her preference was always for crime control, crime prevention.
4. Police corruption and drunkenness decreased in her rule.
5. She brought about many reforms in jail.
6. She provided the prisoners with meditation courses and also vocational training that would
help them earn a living after imprisonment. She personally visited and talked with prisoners,
evaluated overall management and inspected food quality.
7. In 1994, she created the India vision Foundation a registered non-governmental organization
designed to carry out projects in the fields of prison reform, drug abuse prevention,
empowerment of women, assistance to mentally disabled, and sports promotion.
8. She won Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship to write about the work done at Tihar Jail
* Women of the Year Award (1980)
* Asia Region Award for Drug Prevention and Control (1991)
* Magsaysay Award (1994) for Government Service
* Mahila Shiromani Award (1995)
* Father Machismo Humanitarian Award (1995)
* Lion of the Year (1995)
* Joseph Beuys Award (1997)
* Pride of India (1999)
* Mother Teresa Memorial National Award for Social Justice (2005)
 9. She was a member of Team Anna Hazare.
10. Bedi was the host and judge of the popular TV series "Aap Ki Kachehri.

Suffix Words
ment enjoyment, fulfillment, unemployment, requirement
ness happiness, sadness, loveliness, darkness, weakness
ful beautiful, plentiful, handful

Prefix Words
dis disallow, disappear, disconnect, dismal
pre prepone, precaution, preschool, prefix
post postpone, postcard, postmortem, postman

4. Maximum Achievements

1. What should be the state of mind of person to experience happiness & peace?
 The mind should be free from the destructive emotions of fear anger doubt guilty resentment
& worry.
 In the absence of negative emotions.
 Elimination of negative stress, situations, and emotions can bring happiness & peace to
person.

2. State the importance of laughter for a long lasting relationship?

 Laughter is the measure of your happy & good relationship with others in life.
 When the relationship is truly happy people laugh a lot but the laughter goes when the
relationship turns sour.

3. What are the effects of ‘greed for money’?

 Greed for money is the cause of worry, stress, anxiety & loss of peace of mind.
 Many problems in the relationship of husband & wife or in the family are caused due to
money.

4. State the seven keys to success.

 Peace of mind
 Health & energy
 Loving relationship
 Financial freedom
 Worthy goals & ideals.
 Self-knowledge & self-awareness.
 Personal fulfillment.

5. What is self-awareness?
  Self-awareness means know who we are and why we think and feel the way we do.
 We need to understand the forces and influences that have shaped our character from
earliest childhood.
 We need to know why we react and respond the way we do to the people and situations
around us

6. State the steps to be taken to achieve a mature & integrated personality?

 Realization of your full potential as a human being.
 Learn to achieve & maintain a positive, optimistic & cheerful mental attitude.

1. How can a person with a positive attitude contribute to society?

1. The effect of a positive attitude can lead to a healthier lifestyle.
2. By looking at the bright side of life, life becomes filled with light.
3. This light affects not only the individual, but also the whole environment and the people
around.
4. In the mind of a positive person, everything is possible to achieve, and failure is an option
because it allows them to grow.
5. If they face a problem or they make a mistake they often learn something, and recover from it
and find a solution to solve it.
6. An example of the benefits of a positive influence is a sports team. One of the coach’s jobs is
to influence his players in a positive way. If the coach has a positive attitude, then he can
influence the players in a positive way. Positive attitude helps to cope more easily with the
daily affairs of life.
7. It brings optimism into your life, and makes it easier to avoid worry and negative thinking.
8. If you adopt it as a way of life, it will bring constructive changes into your life, and makes
them happier, brighter and more successful.
2. What is your aim/ goal in life in life? How have you planned to achieve it?

My goal in life
My goal in life is to become a successful engineer and set up my own business. I have taken the
first step towards this goal by taking admission to Diploma in Engineering in a very good
polytechnic. I am studying hard and I shall score distinction so that I can take admission in
Government College of Engineering for BE. After my B.E., I shall work in a company to gain the
experience and knowledge. I shall do the research in my engineering field. And then I shall set up
my own business where I can give employment to many. In this way, I can also contribute to the
society. I am doing hard work with perseverance which will help me to achieve my goal.

5. Be Remarkable

Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the dictionary.
1] Scary:-fear, terror
2] Terrific:-very great or intense
3] Revealed:-make visible
 4] Recruited:-a recently enlisted solider
5] Turmoil:-a violent disturbance
6] Composure:-steadiness of mind under stress
7] Vigorous: - energetic action
8] Victorious:-winner
9] Hurdle:-barrier
Answer the following sample questions:-
1].Write the meaning of the word:-recruitment
The process of selecting the best candidate.
3].Change into indirect speech:-
• Naren says to nurture the company of the people whose presence, whose comments, whose
lifestyle makes them believe that they can be remarkable.
4]. Change the voice
• Self-belief ‘must be carried by you when face with difficult situations
Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences:-
2].Write the full form of the abbreviations:-IQ, EQ, SQ
Intelligence quotient, emotional quotient, situational quotient
5].State the importance of situational intelligence
• It is the ability to respond effectively to the situation.
• It’s all about how you can collect data in order to make faster and clearer decision.
• It helps you getting employment & creating career.
• It helps to take decisions & face difficult situations
• It carries self believe & face critical situations.
6].Express the views of the author the scoring marks for the career.
• According to author, scoring marks shows our good memory rather than intelligence.
• Good candidate can get good marks by memorizing the subject but it misleads many others. This
is dangerous for future.
• Good marks don’t show real intelligence.
7].State the realization of HR department after selecting candidates with good marks.
• HR people realized that mistakes while selecting good candidate

• When candidates come with good marks most of them were not qualified for work.

• Some candidates who scored good marks just because of their good memory but not because of
their intelligence they knew how to memorize subject better than others

• Some just passed by good luck.

8] State the meaning of ‘Remarkable’, according to author.

• According to the author the word remarkable means

• R Really e-exceptional Mark mark and able [having IQ ,EQ& SQ]
 • A person is able to have IQ , EQ & SQ

9].Summarize the suggestions given by the author to make one’s life remarkable.

• Author suggested to make one’s life remarkable is that to read great books ,

• Nurture the company of people whose presence ,comments and lifestyle make you remarkable

• To meditate exercise and eat nourishing food and believe in yourself.

10].List the qualities of emotionally stable people/describe the reaction of emotionally

stable people to stress or change.
• They face any situation with courage.
• They don’t get nervous in any situation, they accept the challenges of life
• They are less discouraged by setbacks and disappointment
• They are more adaptable to change
• They are able to recognize and express their needs
• They focus on getting around a hurdle rather than a hurdle itself
• They can learn from mistakes and criticism
• They tend to see the larger perspective in a challenging situation
• They are able to recover more quickly from emotional wounds such as failure or rejections.
11].State the reasons of introducing IQ, EQ & SQ test by the HR department

• IQ is introduced to test the ability of the people to solve rather than remembering.

• SQ:-Situational intelligence quotient testes are introduced to test the ability to take decisions on
the spot.

• EQ:-Emotional quotient testes are introduced to test the steadiness of mind of a candidate in
complicated situation

6. Arunima Sinha: A Biography

Questions:-
• Write the meaning of expedition?
A journey undertaken by group of people for research or war.
• Write the meaning of the word robber?
Thief, burglar, stealer
• Name the academy started by ARUNIMA and state its moto?
• Arunima started Sahid Chandrashekar Azad Viklang khel academy.
• The moto of this institute is to provide the very best sports facility to handicapped children
especially for poor children.
• Name the awards won by Arunima Sinha?
 • She was awarded the Padma Shri, the 4th highest civilian award in India.
• Express your ideas on positive thinking?
• The positive thinking is a mental state a good acceptable feeling or emotion.
• To become a positive thinker you must feed good thoughts in mind. You keep yourself surrounded
with positive people.
• Benefits of positive thinking:-
• Increases life span.
• Lower rate of depression.
• Reduces stress.
• The person with positive thinking remains happy and healthy always.
To become positive thinker:-
• Always use positive words while talking.
• Remove all negative thoughts from mind.
• Believe your strengths.
• Direct your thoughts.

• Name the peaks climb by Arunima Sinha?

1. Mt. Everest in Asia (may,2013)
2. Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa (may,2014)
3. Mt. Elbrus in Europe (july,2014)
4. Mt. Kosciuszko in Australia (april,2015)
5. Mt. Aconcagua in South Africa (dec,2015)
6. Mt. Carstensz (july,2016)
7. Describe the preparations of Arunima Sinha for the Everest expedition?
• The day when she got discharge from the hospital Arunima went to meet the Bachendri Pal,
the first Indian women to rich the summit of Mt. Everest.
• After meeting him she joined the Nehru institute of mountaineering for training. She has under
gone rigorous training for 18 months to prepare herself.
• She climbs various small peaks.
• Describe the accident of Arunima Sinha?
• On the night at 11th April 2011 while Arunima was on her way to Delhi from Lucknow
• She was attacked by a group of local robbers.
• They tried to snatch her gold chain she tried to resist them. But, she was overpowered by
them.
• They threw her out of the running train and another train coming on the parallel track.
• Then another train ran over her legs and doctor had to amputate her left leg and a rod was
inserted in the right leg from knee to ankle.
• Narrate the experience of Arunima during Mt. Everest expedition?
• Arunima started expedition on 1st April 2013 and reach the summit of the Mt. Everest on 21st
May 2013. First 52 days she conquers the Everest when she entered the death zone 3500 feet
from the top of Mount Everest.
 • She saw some dead bodies of other mountaineers scattered all around.
• One mountaineer took his last breath in front of her eyes.
• She told herself, she neither can go back nor she can die before reaching the summit. She ran
out of all the oxygen supply.
• On the way back her oxygen supply finished. She fell down suffocating for Oxygen. Then she
came across an extra cylinder of oxygen from nowhere.
• Sherpa latched it on her and finally they returned to the base.

• Explain the statement: ‘was re-born at the summit of mount Everest’.

• After the Mount Everest expectation Arunima realized the fact that she got new life there.
• She realized true meaning of life and resilience, confidence and leadership.
• She understood humility
• She felt that she got new life in an expedition.
• She got the matter of life.
• Summarize the success story of Arunima Sinha.
• Arunima Sinha is the first Indian amputee to climb the Mount Everest.
• She was a sports enthusiast.
• She was a national volleyball player.
• In 2011 she was going to Delhi from Lucknow. Some robbers attacked her.
• They threw her out of the running train. Another train from run over her legs doctor led to
compute her left leg and put rod in right leg. She had in hospital for four month

• After getting artificial leg. She started walking in two days. After getting discharge from
hospital she went to meet Bachendri Pal, the women who is first Indian woman to reach the
summit Mount Everest.

• Arunima joined the Nehru Institute of mountaineering for training. She had completed a
basic course she climbed various smallest peaks. Then she started her expenditure on 1st
April 2013 and reached the summit of Mount Everest on 21st May 2013.

• After 52 days while returning to the base she suffocated by lack of oxygen she found oxygen
cylinder she latched it on her and finally they returned to the course. She conquered six
peaks in Mount Everest. She established Shahid Chandrashekhar Azad Viklang Khel
academy. She provides all best sports facilities to handicap children especially the poor on.

• Express your views\ ideas on: reaction to criticism.

• Reaction to criticism. Criticism is a term for judgement or evolution good or bad.

• To deal with criticism we required good self-esteem and positive thinking some people
react in negative manner.
 • We must know how to handle criticism. To react to criticism is challenging. Criticism may
hurt your pride it may be hurtful but we must not get angry.

• If we think why and how we get criticized then it can improve ourselves we must ignore
to negative criticism.

7. Roses of Gratitude

1. How was Mrs. Kumar’s look according to Ajay?

1. She was a tall & slender woman.
2. Her face normally wore a serene smile.

2. Why pleasing Mrs. Kumar was the most important thing in Ajay’s life?
1. He was unable to give answer Mrs. Kumar had tousled his hair & told him that he knew
the answer & he had to simply think, he thought hard & solved the problem. From then
pleasing Mrs. Kumar was the most important thing in Ajay’s life.

3. How did Ajay’s teacher help him?

1. Mrs. Kumar bought a pair of new shoes & a shirt & shorts for him.

4. How did Ajay Prasad thank his teacher?

1. Ajay expressed his gratitude by visiting in person
2. He gave her a bouquet of roses & thanked his teacher.

5. When does Ajay recall his teacher?

1.Ajay recalls his in 1991, when he had a massive heart attack & was lying on bed in hospital.

6. How did Ajay contact Mrs. Kumar?

1. Ajay wrote a letter to old school, got the information & phone number of Mrs. Kumar
from her son.
2. Then, he contacted her through a phone call.
7.Why did Ajay's teacher purchase clothes and shoes for him?
1. Ajay’s Teacher saw Ajay’s ragged clothes and worn out tennis shoes. His ragged clothes
and worn out tennis shoes are hardly sufficient to protect him from the cold. Therefore
Ajay's teacher purchased clothes and shoes for him.

1. Explain the importance of teacher in student’s life?

1. Teacher plays a vital role in a student’s life. He plays a role of a guide, a philosopher, a
counselor etc.
2. Student gets knowledge from the teacher which he applies throughout his/her life.
3. Teacher also teaches moral values to the students which make them good humans.
4. The teacher is the yardstick that measures the achievements and aspirations of the nation.
5. Teachers are one of the main pillars of a sound and progressive society.
6. They prepare students for further education and for working life and are main contributors
to good education.
 7. They bear the weight and responsibility of teaching, and, apart from parents, are the main
source of knowledge and values for children.
8. If the teachers are well educated and if they are intellectually alive and take keen interest
in their job, then only, success is ensured.
9. A college without teacher is just like a body without the soul, a skeleton without flesh and
blood, a shadow without substance.

1. How does Ajay Prasad express his gratitude towards his teacher at the end?
Ans: In early 1991, Ajay suffered a massive heart attack. This was the time, when he
recalled his teacher Mrs. Sheila Kumar. After writing a letter to his old school, he got her
phone number from her son. Then he called her and got her address. He went all the way
to Dehradun to meet her, right after forty years. He bought a bouquet of long-stemmed
roses and went to his teacher’s residence. He presented the bouquet to Mrs. Kumar. They
were trying to catch up on forty years through their conversation. He said to her, “I often
thought about you, those shoes and the clothes.” He also made her realize how much he
owed her for these things. The long-stemmed roses were nothing but the ‘Roses of
Gratitude’ spreading the fragrance of gratitude everywhere in the mind of Ajay Prasad and
his teacher.

Prefix Words
un unlucky, unknown, unkind, unskilled, unhappy

Suffix Words
ly fully, gently, softly, directly, immediately

3.2 Importance of Comprehension

3.3 Unseen Passages.

Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.

Most patients find it very difficult to talk to doctors about their fees, so they just pay whatever they are
billed and console themselves with feeling ripped off. Many face unnecessary surgery because they are
too abashed to seek out second or third surgical opinions. The ugly victim- syndrome shows itself again.
If you can't talk to people about what they are charging you for services they are in business to provide,
simply because you have elevated them so far above yourself that you cannot imagine their
condescending to hear you, then you have set yourself up to be victimized every time you think about
buying medical treatment, legal advice, education, etc. By conceding special titles like "doctor,"
"professor" or "sir" to these people, you are constantly putting yourself in inferior positions. The only
result is that you feel victimized, and may be victimized, because you cannot deal with them on equal
footings. To avoid the victim snares of authority figures, you have to begin seeing them simply as human
beings, no more important than you, who perform tasks they have been highly trained for, and for which
you are therefore paying very highly. Remember that if anyone ought to be elevated in importance it is
the person being served, the one paying the freight. You cannot give any person more esteem than you
give yourself and expect to be treated as an equal. If you are not treated as an equal, you are a victim who
must look up, ask permission, wait in line, hope for some nice treatment from your supervisor, trust that
you won't be overcharged or done in by someone who won't discuss his charges, or does so in a
patronizingly hasty manner. But all of this happens because you let it happen. Professional or authority
figures will respect you if you command their respect, while treating them with courtesy for their
professionalism, but never reacting with awe for their "superhuman" status or allowing them to victimize
you in any other way.

Questions:

1.)Why do most patients feel ripped off?

Ans: Most patients feel ripped off because they find it very difficult to talk to the doctors about their fees,
and they just pay whatever they are billed.

02 ) How do people put themselves in inferior positions?

Ans: By conceding special titles like "doctor,""professor" or "sir" to these people, people put themselves
in inferior positions.

03) How does ugly victim-syndrome affect common man?

Ans: Common man faces unnecessary surgery because they are too abashed to seek out second or third
surgical opinions. In this way, the ugly victim-syndrome affects common man.

04) How can we avoid the victim-syndrome?

Ans: We can avoid the victim-syndrome by talking to the people about what they are charging us for
services they are in business to provide and not elevating them so far above ourselves that we cannot
imagine their condescending to hear us.

05) How does one escape victimization?

Ans: In order to escape victimization, one has to begin seeing him or her simply as human beings and
nothing is more important than him or her. One should also think that the professionals perform tasks they
have been highly trained for, and for which the one therefore is paying very high. One should remember
that if anyone ought to be elevated in importance, it is the person being served, the one paying the freight.
For escape from victimization, one should not give any person more esteem than he/she give
himself/herself and expect to be treated as an equal.

06) What happens when a person is not treated as equal?

Ans: When a person is not treated as equal, he/she becomes a victim who must look up, ask permission,
wait in line, hope for some nice treatment from his/her supervisor, and trust that he/she won't be
overcharged or done in by someone who won't discuss his charges, or does so in a patronizingly hasty
manner.

3.4 Interpretation of passages in written and Spoken form

Unit - IV Communicative Language

4.1 Technical objects : i. Heading ii. Description of technical objects

1. A washing machine

1. A washing machine also knows as a washer is a machine that washes dirty clothes. It contains
a barrel into which the clothes are placed. This barrel is filled with water, and then rotated very
quickly by the use of a motor to make the water remove dirt from the clothes. The user
adds detergent (liquids or powders) to clean clothes more effectively. Washing machines have
ways to control how the machine operates. Some of the possible controls are: temperature of the
water, timer of the wash cycle (before the soapy, dirty water is rinsed out), number of wash
cycles before completing. Fully-automatic washing machines are easier to use. They have only
one section for washing and for spin-drying. Once you put clothes in a fully-automatic washing
machine, it automatically takes required quantity of water, detergent and just with one click
provided you’re washed & dry clothes. Washing machines may load from the top or the front.
A front loading washing machine has a door in the front. The clothes to be washed have to be
put in and the door closed before the barrel can fill with water. A top-loading
washing machine is a type of washing machine where the opening is located at the top of the
machine. The specifications of a washing machine are Capacity, Spin speed, Energy ,Water
consumption, Wash programs, Noise level and Dimensions.
2. A computer
Computer: Computer is an electronic device which is used for storing information. It is also
used for entertainment like listening songs, watching videos, surfing internet and other
related activities. A computer is made up of different components like keyboard, mouse,
CPU, monitor, scanner, printer etc. When we give instruction with the help of keyboard and
 mouse, the data is processed in CPU and the desired output is displayed on the monitor. This
data can be stored in the memory.

3. 'Calculator: Calculator is an electronic device used for computing. It is made up of a numerical

keypad, a small display and a cell. It works on cell or solar energy. The cell needs to be
replaced after it gets discharged. We give some instructions like add, subtract, divide, multiply
etc. with the help of keys on keypad. Scientific calculators help us in solving advanced
mathematical problem. After processing the command, the desired outcome is shown on
display.
4. Mixer Grinder'
Mixer Grinder is an electronic kitchen appliance that is used to mix and grind various food
items. It is compact in size and plays a major role in preparation of food. It usually comes with
three different jars crafted out of high quality stainless steel. These jars are incorporated with
multifunctional blades that can perform all sorts of chores in a few seconds. The liquidizing jar
is of the largest capacity featuring stylish handle and a lid. The smallest jar helps you to grind
all sorts of chutneys and spices. The third jar is dry/wet jar. The whole unit of mixer grinder has
a powerful and energy efficient motor with the ability to rotate at a high speed. The high
rotation allows the blades to perform all sorts of tasks with utmost efficacy.

5. 4.2 Picture Description : i. Situational picture ii. Describe in your own words
The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is the most significant cleanliness campaign by the Government of India.
Shri Narendra Modi led a cleanliness pledge at India Gate, which about thirty lakh government
employees across the country joined. He also flagged off a walkathon at Rajpath and surprised people by
joining in not just for a token few steps, but marching with the participants for a long way. “A clean India
would be the best tribute India could pay to Mahatma Gandhi on his 150 birth anniversary in 2019,” said
Shri Narendra Modi as he launched the Swachh Bharat Mission at Rajpath in New Delhi. On 2nd October
2014, Swachh Bharat Mission was launched throughout length and breadth of the country as a national
movement. The major objective of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is to spread the awareness of cleanliness
and the importance of it.

The concept of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is to provide basic sanitation facilities like toilets, solid and
liquid waste disposal systems, village cleanliness, and safe and adequate drinking water supply to every
person.
4.3 Diary Entry : i. Date ii. Content iii. Name of the writer.

Diary Writing: Diary writing is a personal form of writing where a person maintains a diary to write
about his/her personal life or a situation. Writing a diary is quite possibly the closest to home and casual
classes of composing. It can be written in any language as per the comfort of the writer, whether English
or Hindi.

19th Nov, 2023

Monday

9 PM

Dear Diary,

Today while I was cleaning my cupboard, I want some old pictures of me and my sisters. We all were
laughing a lot in this picture. I believe that it should be some really funny moment. Another moment
was captured, when I was hiding and eating chocolates from my Father’s pocket so that I don’t have to
share with anyone.

A picture of us where we are wearing lehengas was also there. It was one of our cousin’s sister’s
marriages and we decided to wear lehengas as our dress code. Some pictures made me laugh and some
made me cry. Of course, it’s the memories that are all left, later.

Minal.

4.4 Translation of paragraph from English to Marathi/Hindi-Vice versa

1. Are you feeling awkward with us?
तुम्हाला आमच्यासोबत विचित्र जाणवते आहे का?
2. Are you feeling comfortable in this chair.
तुम्हाला ह्या खुर्चीवर आरामदायक जाणवते आहे का?
3. Be careful with chain snatchers on the train.
ट्रेनमध्ये चैन पळवणारयांपासुन सावध राहा.
4. Be careful with strangers.
अनोळखी व्यक्तींपासुन सावन राहा.
5. Behave yourself.
तुम्ही जरा व्यवस्थित वागा.
6. Can i stay here with you.
मी तुमच्यासोबत राहु शकते का?
7. Can you turn the volume down?
तुम्ही आवाज कमी करू शकतात का?
 8. Fever will come down in one or two day.
एक दोन दिवसात ताप उतरून जाईल
9. Fill the bottle with water and place it in fridge.
बाटलीत पाणी भरा आणि फ्रिजमध्ये ठेवून द्या.
10. Hope you all enjoyed the show.
आशा बाळगतो की तुम्ही ह्या शो चा आनंद लुटला असेल.
11. Hurry up! We have to leave this place now.
त्वरा करा!आपल्याला ही जागा लवकरात लवकर सोडावी लागेल.

Unit - V Presentation Skills

5.1 Dressing & Grooming : i. Dressing for the occasion ii. Proper grooming

5.2 Speech Writing : i. Situation ii. Salutations iii. Introduction of the topic iv. Description/Body v.
Conclusion

Welcome speech
Que. 1.Department of Civil Engineering has organized a guest lecture for the students on ‘Effective
study habits’. You have to welcome the chief guest & other dignitaries on the dais for the
programme. Prepare a welcome speech in about 100 words.

Good morning to one & all present here.

Welcome to the honorable trustee Shri Nitindada Kolhe Saheb,today guest of honor Shri
S.N.Gupta, honorable principal Dr. R.A.Kapgate. Hon.H.O.D.Mr.G.N.Jorvekar respected teachers & my
dear student friends
Today we have gathered here to for the guest lecture on ‘Effective study Habits’ by
S.N.Gupta.
I take this opportunity to welcome S.N.Gupta sir for this function today it is an honor &
privilege to have you with us. In spite of your busy schedule you graced the occasion I also welcome the
dignitaries on the Dias off the Dias, media representatives & my dear friends. Once again I welcome you
all. We look forward to seek guidance from him.

2. Prepare a speech on given situation.

As a coordinator, develop a speech to introduce chief guest invited for ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan'
program at your institute.
Ans: Good morning ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to the ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan' program organized
by Pioneer Polytechnic, Mumbai. As a coordinator of the program, it is my honour to introduce and
welcome today’s chief guest Dr. Rohan Shukla. He is an M. Tech. in Electrical Engineering from
Mumbai University. Later on he pursued her MBA degree from IIM Lukhnow. He has also completed his
Ph.D. Currently he is working as a Production Manager in D. K. Electrical Ltd. He is also member of an
NGO associated with ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan'. He has dedicated himself in ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan'
program. So ladies and gentlemen, please welcome chief guest for today’s program Dr. Rohan Shukla.
Sir, I request you to take over the proceedings. Thank you.

Introducing the chief guest

Que. 2. Assume that you are given the duty of introducing the chief guest for the State level project
competition to be held in your institute. Prepare a speech for this occasion.

Good morning to one and all.

It gives me immense pleasure to introduce today’s chief guest Mr. Rohit Sharma
He is an M. E. in Mechanical engineering from Poona University. Later on he pursued his MBA.
Currently he is working as principal in Govt. College of engineering in Aurangabad. He is awarded with
the best teachers’ award. He has expertise in soft skills training & communication skills. He has also
authorized many books in engineering. He has also written numerous articles & popular journals.
Vote of thanks
As the In charge of Annual social Gathering of your institute, prepare a vote of thanks for the event
in about 100 words

Good evening to one and all.

I stand before you to propose vote of thanks. I would like to thank our executive trustee----------- for
giving us opportunity to organize this event. I am also thankful to our beloved principal -----------sir who
motivated & supported us for the success of this event I thank the chief guest from the bottom of heart for
taking out some time for us & gracing the event by his presence. I am very grateful to for the guidance
contribution & motivation of all teachers in these events. I also thank all the organizers ,event co
coordinators ,technicians & non-teaching staff without their support the event would not have been
successful I want to thank our refreshment I/C for providing us refreshment I extend my thanks to
student council members discipline committee members & security guards. At last but not the least I
thank to the wonderful audience for their patient listening.

Good evening all!

As all good things come to an end in life, we hardly realize that we receive a great deal more
than we give, and that it is only with gratitude that life becomes rich.
On behalf of Computer Technology Department, I take this opportunity to propose vote of
thanks. At the outset, I thank our Chief Guest for today. Sir we are really enlightened by your presence. I
would like to extend my gratitude to the management for giving us this platform to conduct this Inaugural
Function. We are thankful to our honorable ACTS President for conducting this event. I express my
sincere thanks to the HODs of all depts. for their presence today.
A special thanks to the organizing committee teaching & non- teaching staff for their unstinted
support & co-ordination. The success of this Inaugural Function is incomplete without thanking the
faculty and teams participating. Our heartfelt thanks to each and every one in making this event a vibrant
success and memorable. Thank you all for coming and being a wonderful audience.
With these warm words and a kind message, we move to the end of today’s Function.
 Farewell speech

1 As Head of the Department of Computer Engineering of your institute, prepare a farewell speech
for a lab attendant who will retire this month end.

Today we have gathered here to bid farewell to Mr.S.M.Shelke , a lab attendant of computer
department. He has put in total 25 years of service in this organization he has worked with enthusiasm &
devotion & has contributed positively for the development of the department. He shared a good rapport
with his colleagues. & was always cooperative & ready to shoulder any new responsibility.
Today he is retiring after putting in 25 years of dedicated service. I wish him good health,
peace prosperity & happiness for future life.
Once again I take this opportunity to wish you a happy retired life
May God bless you with good health & a long life.

2 As Head of the Purchase Department, prepare a farewell speech for coworker who will retire this
month end.

Good evening one and all present here!

Today is a very sad day for us in the office as we have to say goodbye to our wonderful
coworker. He has worked with us for a long time and has never let us down. He has always been
extremely professional, hard-working and a team player. He has a brilliant mind and always brought
creative new ideas to the team.

He has not only been a fantastic colleague, he has also been a true friend. He always took the
time to ask how his fellow colleagues were, always had time to listen and talk to anybody with a problem
and has been a great joy in the office. He/she was always full of energy and cheerful to see everyone on
Monday mornings.

He is a great loss to our company but we were lucky to have the opportunity to work with him.
We all wish you the best in the future. I know that whatever the future holds, he will excel and continue
to be successful.
We will miss you but this isn’t goodbye as we know you will keep in touch and we will see you
sooner rather than later. Thank you for everything you have given to the company.”

5.3 Power Point Presentation : i. Layout ii. Font size iii. Color combination

5.4 Kinesics : i. Facial expressions ii Eye contact iii Postures iv Gestures

Speech Writing Marks

 Welcome speech
Que. 1.Department of Civil Engineering has organized a guest lecture for the students on ‘Effective
study habits’. You have to welcome the chief guest & other dignitaries on the dais for the
programme. Prepare a welcome speech in about 100 words.

Good morning to one & all present here.

Welcome to the honorable trustee Shri Nitindada Kolhe Saheb,today guest of honor Shri
S.N.Gupta, honorable principal Dr. R.A.Kapgate. Hon.H.O.D.Mr.G.N.Jorvekar respected teachers & my
dear student friends
Today we have gathered here to for the guest lecture on ‘Effective study Habits’ by
S.N.Gupta.
I take this opportunity to welcome S.N.Gupta sir for this function today it is an honor &
privilege to have you with us. In spite of your busy schedule you graced the occasion I also welcome the
dignitaries on the Dias off the Dias, media representatives & my dear friends. Once again I welcome you
all. We look forward to seek guidance from him.

Introducing the chief guest

Que. 2. Assume that you are given the duty of introducing the chief guest for the State level project
competition to be held in your institute. Prepare a speech for this occasion.

Good morning to one and all.

It gives me immense pleasure to introduce today’s chief guest Mr. Rohit Sharma
He is an M. E. in Mechanical engineering from Poona University. Later on he pursued his MBA.
Currently he is working as principal in Govt. College of engineering in Aurangabad. He is awarded with
the best teachers’ award. He has expertise in soft skills training & communication skills. He has also
authorized many books in engineering. He has also written numerous articles & popular journals.
Vote of thanks
As the In charge of Annual social Gathering of your institute, prepare a vote of thanks for the event
in about 100 words

Good evening to one and all.

I stand before you to propose vote of thanks. I would like to thank our executive trustee----------- for
giving us opportunity to organize this event. I am also thankful to our beloved principal -----------sir who
motivated & supported us for the success of this event I thank the chief guest from the bottom of heart for
taking out some time for us & gracing the event by his presence. I am very grateful to for the guidance
contribution & motivation of all teachers in these events. I also thank all the organizers ,event co
coordinators ,technicians & non-teaching staff without their support the event would not have been
successful I want to thank our refreshment I/C for providing us refreshment I extend my thanks to
student council members discipline committee members & security guards. At last but not the least I
thank to the wonderful audience for their patient listening.
 Good evening all!
As all good things come to an end in life, we hardly realize that we receive a great deal more
than we give, and that it is only with gratitude that life becomes rich.
On behalf of Computer Technology Department, I take this opportunity to propose vote of
thanks. At the outset, I thank our Chief Guest for today. Sir we are really enlightened by your presence. I
would like to extend my gratitude to the management for giving us this platform to conduct this Inaugural
Function. We are thankful to our honorable ACTS President for conducting this event. I express my
sincere thanks to the HODs of all depts. for their presence today.
A special thanks to the organizing committee teaching & non- teaching staff for their unstinted
support & co-ordination. The success of this Inaugural Function is incomplete without thanking the
faculty and teams participating. Our heartfelt thanks to each and every one in making this event a vibrant
success and memorable. Thank you all for coming and being a wonderful audience.
With these warm words and a kind message, we move to the end of today’s Function.

Farewell speech

1 As Head of the Department of Computer Engineering of your institute, prepare a farewell speech
for a lab attendant who will retire this month end.

Today we have gathered here to bid farewell to Mr.S.M.Shelke , a lab attendant of computer
department. He has put in total 25 years of service in this organization he has worked with enthusiasm &
devotion & has contributed positively for the development of the department. He shared a good rapport
with his colleagues. & was always cooperative & ready to shoulder any new responsibility.
Today he is retiring after putting in 25 years of dedicated service. I wish him good health,
peace prosperity & happiness for future life.
Once again I take this opportunity to wish you a happy retired life
May God bless you with good health & a long life.

2 As Head of the Purchase Department, prepare a farewell speech for coworker who will retire this
month end.

Good evening one and all present here!

Today is a very sad day for us in the office as we have to say goodbye to our wonderful
coworker. He has worked with us for a long time and has never let us down. He has always been
extremely professional, hard-working and a team player. He has a brilliant mind and always brought
creative new ideas to the team.

He has not only been a fantastic colleague, he has also been a true friend. He always took the
time to ask how his fellow colleagues were, always had time to listen and talk to anybody with a problem
and has been a great joy in the office. He/she was always full of energy and cheerful to see everyone on
Monday mornings.
 He is a great loss to our company but we were lucky to have the opportunity to work with him.
We all wish you the best in the future. I know that whatever the future holds, he will excel and continue
to be successful.
We will miss you but this isn’t goodbye as we know you will keep in touch and we will see you
sooner rather than later. Thank you for everything you have given to the company.”

5.4 Kinesics : i. Facial expressions ii Eye contact iii Postures iv Gestures

Kinesic communication is the technical term for body language, i.e., communicating by body
movement. We call the study of kinesic communication kinesics. Kinesics includes hand and arm
movements, leg movements, facial expression, eye contact and blinking, stance and posture.

Explain the social need of communication skills.

 Ans: The social need of communication skills is as follow: 1. Human is a social animal. So
communication is necessary for building good relationship with others in the society. 2. Day to day
activities in the society cannot be performed without communication. 3. It is necessary for sharing
information. 4. It is also needed for exchanging feelings and emotions and for relaxation. 5. It is also
necessary for understanding others’ problems. 6. It is also helpful in releasing tension.

1. State the role of 'Gestures' and 'Postures' in face to face oral communication.

Ans: 'Gestures' and 'Postures' play important role in face to face oral communication. It is as follow:
Gesture: Just as a picture can silently speak a thousand words; in face to face oral communication, a
gesture can communicate all that the speaker feels, consciously or subconsciously. Gestures are often
used in conjunction with verbal messages. They are simultaneous with the words. They use to illustrate
more with the help of body language.

Posture: posture refers to the way we stand, sit and carry ourselves. In face to face oral communication,
posture tells how bold, confident, submissive or timid a person is. In face to face communication, a
person who stands or sits upright commands respect and attention. It communicates a great deal of
information about you. The way in which you sit, stand, slump or slouch provides information about your
sex, status, self-image, attitudes and emotional state. For example, sitting with your head in your hands
often indicates that you are feeling low, whereas sitting with your feet on the desk may be interpreted by
others as a sign of your feeling of superiority.

Facial Expressions refers to certain movements or conditions of the facial muscles that facilitate the
nonverbal communication of some thought, emotion, or behavior. Facial expression is the main channel
we use to decode emotional states or reactions of others to a message, and they generally mirror the
intensity of people’s thoughts and feelings.

Eyes are the windows to the soul Eye Contact indicates degree of attention or interest, influences attitude
change or persuasion, regulates interaction, communicates emotion, defines power and status, and has a
central role in managing impressions of others.

Maintaining an eye contact with your speaker and listener is the most important part of non verbal
communication. Eye contact also attracts person’s attention. Thus we can make sure that the listener is
attentive while communicating. Looking into a person’s eye is the best way to understand his/her attitude
to all that you speak. If you avoid eye contact, it indicates the signs of fear, doubt, confusion, shyness and
nervousness.