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Document 190924

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20 views13 pages

Document 190924

All the documents are for research and development

Uploaded by

Debashis Sahoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DESIGN EXAMPLE | : Design a R.C.C. Tee beam bridge to suit the following’ data: Clear width of roadway = 7.5 m Span (centre to centre of bearings) = 16 m L.L. = IRC class AA tracked veh. Average thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm Concrete mix = M - 25 grade Steel = Fe 415 grade HYSD bars. Using Courbon’s method, compute the design moments and shears and design the deck slab, main girder and cross girders and sketch the typical details of reinforcements. Solution: 1. Data Available Effective span of Tee beam = 16 m Width of carriage way = 7.5m Thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm M - 25 grade concrete and Fe -415 grade HYSD bars. 2. Permissible stresses: 1 For M-25 grade concrete, t,,, = 0.40 N/mm? a T= Ky x Ky X %. = (1.01765 x 1 x 0.40) = 0.407 Nimm? +. since t<+,, shear stresses are within sate permissible limits, 5. Design of longitudinal girders: (a) Reaction factors: Using Courbon’s theory, the LR.C. class AA loads are arranged for max. eccentricity as shown in Fig. 3.25 below: w (€.@.ot toads) 2! aris ot Bridge j am | Fig, 3.25. Transverse position of ILR.C. Class AA tracked vehicle my Elements of Bridge Engineering Reaction factor for outer girder is given by 2)] = R= (Bis orxaox.nraras )] = 1.107 Reaction factor for inner girder is Ry= 2 W,/3) (+0) =2 Wy3 If W= axle load = 700 kN W, = 0.5 W R4= (1.07 x 0.5 W) = 0.5536 W Rg= (0.667 x 0.5 W) = 0.3333 W (b) Dead load from slab for girder: Dead load of deck slab is calculated with referce to Fig. 3.26 below: 150 x 150 RC. posts parapet railing s— 200 mm P.C. slab deck be+-8 Fig. 3.26. Details of deck slab kerb and parapet Weight of: 1, Parapet railing = 0.7 kN-m 2. Wearing coat = (0.08 x 1.1 x 22) = 1.936 kN-m. 3. Deck slab = (0.2 x 1.10 x 24) = 5.280 kN-m 4. Kerb = (0.5 x 0.6 x 1 x 24) = 7.200 kN-m, Total = 15.116 kN-m. Total dead load of deck = (2 x 15.116) + (6.56 x 5.3) = 65 kN-m. It is assumed that the dead load is shared equally by all girders. +. Dead load/ girder = 65/3 = 21.66 kN-m (©) Live load bending moments in girder Span of girder = 16 m Impact factor (for class AA loads) = 10% Design Considerations of R. Bridges 55 The L, load is placed centrally on the span as shown in Fig. 3.27 below. Influence line for BM Fig. 3.27. Influence ling for bending moment in girder Bending moment = 0.5 ( 4 + 3.1)700 = 2485 kN-m BM. including impact and reaction factor for outer girder = (2485 x 1.1 x 0.5536) = 1518 kN-m B.M. including impact and reaction factor for inner girder = (2485 x 1.1 x 0.3333) = 912 kN-m (@) Live load shear: For estimating the max. L.L. Shear in the girders, the IRC. Class AA loads are placed as shown in the Fig. 3.28 below: Z Longitudinal girders Cross girders. | 25 142m 2.05 m 25 045m ‘le 4m 4m 4m Fig. 3.28. Position of LR.c.Class AA loads of maximum shear Reaction of W, on girder B Reaction of W, on girder A Total load on girder B Maximum reaction in girder B Maximum reaction in girder A = (287 x 14.2)/16 = 255 kN. Maximum L.L. Shears with impact factor in- Inner girder = (366 x 1.1) = 402.6 kN Outer girder = (255 x 1.1) = 280.5 kN fA 56 | Elements of Bridge Engineering (©) Dead load B.M. and S.F. in main girder: The depth of the girder is assumed as 1600 mm (100 mm for every meter of span) Depth of rib = 1.4 m Width = 0.3 m Weight of rib/m = (1 x 0.3 x 1.4 x 24) = 10.08 kN-m. The cross girder is assumed to have the same cross-sectional dimensions of the main girder. Weight of cross-girder = 10,08 kN-m Reaction on main girder = (10.08 x 2.5) = 25.2 kN Reaction from deck slab on each girder = 21.66 kN-m Total dead load/m on girder = (21.66 + 10.08) = 81.74 kN-m Referring to Fig. 3.29 below, the max. B.M.s. are computed. 25.2 25.2 kN 16 m: Fig. 3.29. Dead load on main girders Max. B.M. at centre of span is obtained as under. Myrax, = (81.74 x 162)/8 + (25.2 x 16)/4 + (25.2 x 16)/4 = 1218 kN-m Dead load shear at support = (81.74 x 16)/2 + 25.2 + (25.2/2) = 299 kN. (A Design B.M.s. and S.F.s.: These are tabulated below: Table 3.8. Design moments and shear forces BM. D.L.B.M. L.L.B.M. Total B.M. Units Outer girder 1218 1513 2731 kN-m Inner girder 1218 912 2130 kN-m SF. DLS. LLSF. Total S.F. Outer girder 292 280.1 572.1 kN“ Inner girder 292 402.6 694.6 kN (g) Design of sections for max. B.M. and S.F.: M pax = 2731 KN-m Vinax = 694.6 KN. The beam is designed as a T-see, assuming an effective depth “d” = 1450 mm Approx. Lever arm = (1450 — 200/2) = 1350 mm ign Considerations of R. ate [see] 57 (2001350) = 10114 mm? Provide 16 bars of 82 mm $ HYSD bars in four rows (Ast = 12864 mm?) seen max. size of bars not to exceed 32 mm @ as per IRC: 21- 1 Since reinforcement are designed to resist the max. Shear at supports. ei bxd _ { 694.610") ms eee | 1.596 N/mm? % 0.07 fck > (0.07 x 25) ¥ 1.75 N/mm? Hence safe. Assuming 2 bars of 32 mm ¢ to be bent of at support section, shear resisted by the bent up bars = Vg = (yy Agy Sino) = [(200 x 2 x 804 x 1)/1000 x J2] = 227 KN. . Shear resisted by vertical stirrups is computed as balance shear = (694.6 — 227) = 467.6 kN Using 10 mm $, 4 legged stirrups, Spacing Sy = [0,, An WU) (200 x 4 x 79 x 1450)/(467.6 x10%)] = 195 mm Provide 10 mm 4, 4 legged stirrups @ 150 mm clc. 6. Design of cross girders: Self wt., of cross girder = 10.08 kN.m Referring to Fig. 3.30 below: Dead load from slab = (2 x 1/2 x 2.5 x 1.25 x 6.56) = 20.5 kN Uniformally distributed load 20.5 i (35) Sse Nominal shear stress, 1, = " Total load on cross girder= (10.08 + 8.2) = 18.2 kN-m. Assuming the cross girder to be rigid, re (18.28 x 5) /3 = 30.47 kN. action on each cross girder = me Elements of Bridge Engineering Cross girders 7 Longitudinal girders pr eeeKum 2.5 m 2.5m——+| Fig. 3.30. Loads on cross girders, For max. B.M. in the cross girder, the loads of IRC class AA should be places shown below (Fig. 3.31). Load comming on cross-girder = [860(40 — 0.9)/4] = 271.25 KN. Assuming the cross girder as rigid, reaction on each longitudnal girdgr = [(2 x 271.25)/3] = 180.83 kN. Max B.M. in Cross girder under the load = (180.83 x 1.475) = 266.7 kN-m. L.L. BM. including impact= (1.1 x 266.7) = 293.37 kN-m. D.L. B.M, at 1.475 m from support (30.47 X 1.475 — 18,28 x 1.4752/2) 5.10 kN-m. Total design B.M. = (293.37 + 25.10) = 318.47 kN-m. LL. Shear including impact = (2x 271.25/3) x 1.5 = 198.917 KN. 0.47 kN (198.917 + 80.47) = 229.39 kN DL. sheai Total design shear C. Bridges 59 Design Considerations of R 7 ~M Longitudinal Girders : : 4m hes A 7 8 ic Cross gitders rr ! | | 2.05n__! A alba [25m + 25 m— ~t a 2T125KN THB KN 05m c 475m ke— |F }-——2.5m——+}+ 2.5 m >} Fig. 3.31. Position of live loads for maximum B.M. in cross girder Assuming an effective depth of cross-girder as 1520 mm (318.47x10°) : G18 ATXIO) | 27 (200x 0.91620) 168 mae Provide 4 bars of 20 mm 6 (Ast = 1256 mm?) (229.39 x10°) Shear stress t,= |~~399x1620 _ = 0.503 N/mm? Using 10 mm 4, 2-legged stirrups, : (200 x 2x79 1520) Spacing Sy= |" 399.3910" Adopt 10 mm 4, 2-legged stirrups @ 150 mm c/c throughout the ‘The details of reinforcement are shown in the m = 205 mm “ length of the cross girder. Fig. 3.32 and 3.33. ft -06m—f 150 x 150 mm R.C. posts at 15 m intervals 1000 126-4 nos. P= 109-150 cle Kerb 109-150 cle ! i 300 4-126 169-1500 80mm we. 425% = v—s}— ia 20mm slab 166-150ce #500. Pe 160 ele d= 1450 mm +180 re 16-32% (4 rows) 0 30+ pet TE Fig. 3.32. Cross section of tee beam and slat deck Design Considerations of R.C.C. Bridges 61 +10 6 4 legged stirrups at 150 cle —__y 4-256 1400 +300 4-206 aan pt Longitudinal section of cross girder Cross section Fig. 3.33. Reinforcement details in longitudinal and cross girders

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