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30 MCQs On Heterocyclic Compounds

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1K views5 pages

30 MCQs On Heterocyclic Compounds

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amira270905
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© © All Rights Reserved
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30 MCQs on Heterocyclic Compounds

Questions

1. Which of the following best defines a heterocyclic compound?


a) Cyclic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
b) Cyclic organic compounds with at least one non-carbon atom in the ring
c) Cyclic compounds with alternating single and double bonds
d) Aromatic compounds that are not cyclic

2. In the nomenclature of heterocycles, how is the heteroatom positioned?


a) It is assigned the highest possible number.
b) It is placed in the center of the ring.
c) It is given the lowest possible number.
d) It is numbered only if it's oxygen.

3. Which of the following is a five-membered heterocyclic compound?


a) Pyridine
b) Thiophene
c) Benzene
d) Aniline

4. What makes five-membered aromatic heterocycles more reactive toward electrophiles


compared to benzene?
a) Higher electron density in the ring
b) Presence of alternating single and double bonds
c) Less resonance stability than benzene
d) Lack of lone pairs on the heteroatom

5. In nitration of thiophene, why is the carbocation at position 2 more stable?


a) It avoids a positive charge on the heteroatom.
b) It allows for greater delocalization of charge.
c) It prevents resonance interactions.
d) It is more sterically hindered.

6. What is the main difference in electrophilic aromatic substitution between thiophene and
pyridine?
a) Pyridine reacts faster with electrophiles.
b) Thiophene reacts slower than benzene.
c) Pyridine is less reactive due to the lone pair on nitrogen.
d) Thiophene forms non-aromatic intermediates.

7. During nitration of pyridine, why is attack at carbon 3 preferred?


a) It is sterically unhindered.
b) The positive charge is not on nitrogen.
c) It forms a non-aromatic intermediate.
d) It allows resonance delocalization onto nitrogen.

8. What reaction is used to introduce an acyl group into a heterocyclic compound?


a) Halogenation
b) Nitration
c) Friedel-Crafts acylation
d) Hydrogenation

9. How does the presence of nitrogen in pyridine affect its reactivity?


a) It increases its reactivity by donating electrons to the ring.
b) It decreases its reactivity by withdrawing electrons from the ring.
c) It has no effect on reactivity.
d) It only affects nucleophilic substitution reactions.

10. Which of the following reactions is least likely for pyridine?


a) Electrophilic aromatic substitution
b) Nucleophilic aromatic substitution
c) Hydrogenation
d) Friedel-Crafts alkylation

11. Which heterocyclic compound is known for its analgesic properties?


a) Pyridine
b) Thiophene
c) Morpholine derivatives
d) Benzoxazole

12. What type of drug is derived from aromatic sulfonamides?


a) General anesthetic
b) Mild tranquilizer
c) Sulfa drugs
d) Analgesics

13. Which nitrogen-containing drug is used as a mild tranquilizer?


a) Benzodiazepines
b) Paracetamol
c) Ibuprofen
d) Lidocaine

14. Why is thiophene reactive toward halogenation?


a) It lacks resonance stability.
b) Its π electrons are delocalized, increasing electron density.
c) The heteroatom donates electrons directly to the electrophile.
d) It forms a non-aromatic intermediate easily.

15. Which position on pyridine is least reactive toward electrophiles?


a) Carbon 2
b) Carbon 3
c) Carbon 4
d) Nitrogen

16. What happens when thiophene undergoes Friedel-Crafts acylation?


a) A nucleophilic substitution occurs.
b) The heteroatom is protonated.
c) An acyl group is added to the ring.
d) The ring becomes saturated.
17. Why does pyridine undergo nucleophilic substitution more easily than benzene?
a) The nitrogen atom increases the ring’s electron density.
b) The nitrogen atom decreases the ring’s electron density.
c) Pyridine cannot undergo nucleophilic substitution.
d) The aromaticity of pyridine is disrupted by nucleophiles.

18. Which drug category typically contains heteroatoms in its structure?


a) Analgesics
b) Antipyretics
c) Local anesthetics
d) All of the above

19. What effect does the lone pair on the nitrogen in pyridine have on its aromaticity?
a) It disrupts aromaticity by participating in resonance.
b) It enhances aromaticity by withdrawing electrons.
c) It does not participate in the π system, preserving aromaticity.
d) It makes pyridine non-aromatic.

20. Which of the following is a common topical anesthetic containing a heteroatom?


a) Lidocaine
b) Aspirin
c) Paracetamol
d) Morpholine

21. Which mechanism governs nitration of thiophene?


a) Electrophilic substitution
b) Nucleophilic substitution
c) Radical addition
d) Elimination

22. Why does the nitration of thiophene favor carbon 2 over carbon 3?
a) Carbon 2 is closer to the heteroatom.
b) Carbon 2 forms a more stable intermediate.
c) Carbon 2 has fewer steric interactions.
d) Carbon 2 is less electron-rich than carbon 3.

23. What is the hybridization of nitrogen in pyridine?


a) sp
b) sp²
c) sp³
d) sp² with partial sp³ character

24. What kind of bond contributes to the aromaticity of heterocycles like thiophene?
a) σ bonds
b) π bonds
c) Hydrogen bonds
d) Ionic bonds

25. Why is thiophene more reactive than benzene toward electrophilic substitution?
a) Thiophene has weaker resonance energy.
b) Benzene has a lower electron density.
c) Thiophene is non-aromatic, so it reacts easily.
d) Benzene lacks delocalized π electrons.

26. In which reaction is thiophene likely to lose its aromaticity temporarily?


a) Hydrogenation
b) Electrophilic substitution
c) Friedel-Crafts acylation
d) Halogenation

27. What is the general category of drugs containing nitrogen heterocycles?


a) Narcotics
b) Antibiotics
c) Anesthetics
d) All of the above

28. What happens to the lone pair on nitrogen in pyridine during electrophilic substitution?
a) It participates in the reaction and disrupts aromaticity.
b) It remains localized and does not participate in the π system.
c) It stabilizes the intermediate carbocation.
d) It forms a bond with the electrophile.

29. Which property of pyridine makes it less reactive than benzene?


a) Higher aromatic stability
b) Electron withdrawal by nitrogen
c) Lack of resonance
d) Lack of π bonds

30. What feature of six-membered heterocycles like pyridine influences their reactivity?
a) The position of the heteroatom
b) Their planarity and aromaticity
c) Presence of multiple π bonds
d) The lone pairs on every carbon atom

Answers

1. b

2. c

3. b

4. a

5. b

6. c

7. b

8. c

9. b
10. a

11. c

12. c

13. a

14. b

15. d

16. c

17. b

18. d

19. c

20. a

21. a

22. b

23. b

24. b

25. a

26. b

27. d

28. b

29. b

30. a

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